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Wang Q, Zou B, Wei X, Lin H, Pang C, Wang L, Zhong J, Chen H, Gao X, Li M, Ong ACM, Yue Z, Sun L. Identification of renal cyst cells of type I Nephronophthisis by single-nucleus RNA sequencing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1192935. [PMID: 37583898 PMCID: PMC10423821 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1192935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nephronophthisis (NPH) is the most common genetic cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in childhood, and NPHP1 is the major pathogenic gene. Cyst formation at the corticomedullary junction is a pathological feature of NPH, but the mechanism underlying cystogenesis is not well understood. The isolation and identification of cystic cell subpopulation could help to identify their origins and provide vital clues to the mechanisms underlying cystogenesis in NPH. Methods: Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) was performed to produce an atlas of NPHP1 renal cells. Kidney samples were collected from WT (Nphp1 +/+) mice and NPHP1 (Nphp1 del2-20/del2-20) model mice. Results: A comprehensive atlas of the renal cellular landscape in NPHP1 was generated, consisting of 14 basic renal cell types as well as a subpopulation of DCT cells that was overrepresented in NPHP1 kidneys compared to WT kidneys. GO analysis revealed significant downregulation of genes associated with tubular development and kidney morphogenesis in this subpopulation. Furthermore, the reconstruction of differentiation trajectories of individual cells within this subpopulation confirmed that a specific group of cells in NPHP1 mice become arrested at an early stage of differentiation and proliferate to form cysts. We demonstrate that Niban1 is a specific molecular marker of cystic cells in both mice and human NPHP1. Conclusion: In summary, we report a novel subpopulation of DCT cells, marked by Niban1, that are classified as cystic cells in the NPHP1 mice kidney. These results offer fresh insights into the cellular and molecular basis of cystogenesis in NPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojuan Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongrong Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changmiao Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinglin Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Albert C. M. Ong
- Kidney Genetics Group, Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Zhihui Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangzhong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Tabata T, Sugiyama N, Otsuki Y, Kondo Y. Interleukin-24 is a novel diagnostic biomarker for the severity of acute kidney injury. Med Mol Morphol 2019; 53:115-123. [PMID: 31802235 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-019-00239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a clinical need for sensitive acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers that enable early therapeutic interventions and prediction of disease prognosis. In this study, we monitored interleukin (IL)-24 expressed in kidneys with severe AKI that progresses to atrophic kidney in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Therefore, we evaluated IL-24 as a potential biomarker not only for early diagnosis of AKI, but also for predicting progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Serum IL-24 was detected earlier than the elevation of serum creatinine levels and urinary IL-24 was detected as early as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in severe AKI (60 min of IRI). In addition, serum and urine IL-24 levels tended to increase in relation to ischemia duration. In such kidneys, vascular smooth muscle cells expressed IL-24 in response to the injury in the renal tubular epithelial cell and its target was the renal tubular epithelial cell itself. IL-24 may play a pivotal role in the communication between tubular epithelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and, in conclusion, IL-24 can be used as a sensitive biomarker for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotake Tabata
- Division of Life Science, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sugiyama
- Division of Life Science, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Otsuki
- Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kondo
- Division of Life Science, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
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3
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Shigeta M, Kanazawa H, Yokoyama T. Tubular cell loss in early inv/nphp2 mutant kidneys represents a possible homeostatic mechanism in cortical tubular formation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198580. [PMID: 29889867 PMCID: PMC5995398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inversion of embryonic turning (inv) cystic mice develop multiple renal cysts and are a model for type II nephronophthisis (NPHP2). The defect of planar cell polarity (PCP) by oriented cell division was proposed as the underlying cellular phenotype, while abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis occur in some polycystic kidney disease models. However, how these cystogenic phenotypes are linked and what is most critical for cystogenesis remain largely unknown. In particular, in early cortical cytogenesis in the inv mutant cystic model, it remains uncertain whether the increased proliferation index results from changes in cell cycle length or cell fate determination. To address tubular cell kinetics, doubling time and total number of tubular cells, as well as amount of genomic DNA (gDNA), were measured in mutant and normal control kidneys. Despite a significantly higher bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-proliferation index in the mutant, total tubular cell number and doubling time were unaffected. Unexpectedly, the mutant had tubular cell loss, characterized by a temporal decrease in tubular cells incorporating 5-ethynyl-2´-deoxyuridine (EdU) and significantly increased nuclear debris. Based on current data we established a new multi-population shift model in postnatal renal development, indicating that a few restricted tubular cell populations contribute to cortical tubular formation. As in the inv mutant phenotype, the model simulation revealed a large population of tubular cells with rapid cell cycling and tubular cell loss. The proposed cellular kinetics suggest not only the underlying mechanism of the inv mutant phenotype but also a possible renal homeostatic mechanism for tubule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shigeta
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hirotaka Kanazawa
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiko Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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4
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Ciliary subcompartments and cysto-proteins. Anat Sci Int 2015; 92:207-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-015-0302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Madhivanan K, Aguilar RC. Ciliopathies: the trafficking connection. Traffic 2014; 15:1031-56. [PMID: 25040720 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium (PC) is a very dynamic hair-like membrane structure that assembles/disassembles in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and is present in almost every cell type. Despite being continuous with the plasma membrane, a diffusion barrier located at the ciliary base confers the PC properties of a separate organelle with very specific characteristics and membrane composition. Therefore, vesicle trafficking is the major process by which components are acquired for cilium formation and maintenance. In fact, a system of specific sorting signals controls the right of cargo admission into the cilia. Disruption to the ciliary structure or its function leads to multiorgan diseases known as ciliopathies. These illnesses arise from a spectrum of mutations in any of the more than 50 loci linked to these conditions. Therefore, it is not surprising that symptom variability (specific manifestations and severity) among and within ciliopathies appears to be an emerging characteristic. Nevertheless, one can speculate that mutations occurring in genes whose products contribute to the overall vesicle trafficking to the PC (i.e. affecting cilia assembly) will lead to more severe symptoms, whereas those involved in the transport of specific cargoes will result in milder phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the trafficking mechanisms to the cilia and also provide a description of the trafficking defects observed in some ciliopathies which can be correlated to the severity of the pathology.
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6
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Airik R, Slaats GG, Guo Z, Weiss AC, Khan N, Ghosh A, Hurd TW, Bekker-Jensen S, Schrøder JM, Elledge SJ, Andersen JS, Kispert A, Castelli M, Boletta A, Giles RH, Hildebrandt F. Renal-retinal ciliopathy gene Sdccag8 regulates DNA damage response signaling. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25:2573-83. [PMID: 24722439 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013050565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RCs) are developmental and degenerative kidney diseases that are frequently associated with extrarenal pathologies such as retinal degeneration, obesity, and intellectual disability. We recently identified mutations in a gene encoding the centrosomal protein SDCCAG8 as causing NPHP type 10 in humans. To study the role of Sdccag8 in disease pathogenesis, we generated a Sdccag8 gene-trap mouse line. Homozygous Sdccag8(gt/gt) mice lacked the wild-type Sdccag8 transcript and protein, and recapitulated the human phenotypes of NPHP and retinal degeneration. These mice exhibited early onset retinal degeneration that was associated with rhodopsin mislocalization in the photoreceptors and reduced cone cell numbers, and led to progressive loss of vision. By contrast, renal histologic changes occurred later, and no global ciliary defects were observed in the kidneys. Instead, renal pathology was associated with elevated levels of DNA damage response signaling activity. Cell culture studies confirmed the aberrant activation of DNA damage response in Sdccag8(gt/gt)-derived cells, characterized by elevated levels of γH2AX and phosphorylated ATM and cell cycle profile abnormalities. Our analysis of Sdccag8(gt/gt) mice indicates that the pleiotropic phenotypes in these mice may arise through multiple tissue-specific disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gisela G Slaats
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zhi Guo
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anna-Carina Weiss
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Naheed Khan
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Amiya Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Toby W Hurd
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob M Schrøder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steve J Elledge
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jens S Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maddalena Castelli
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Alessandra Boletta
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Rachel H Giles
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
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7
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Renal atrophy after ischemia–reperfusion injury depends on massive tubular apoptosis induced by TNFα in the later phase. Med Mol Morphol 2014; 47:213-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00795-013-0067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Adachi T, Sugiyama N, Gondai T, Yagita H, Yokoyama T. Blockade of Death Ligand TRAIL Inhibits Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2013; 46:161-70. [PMID: 24610963 PMCID: PMC3929614 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Many investigators have reported that cell death via apoptosis significantly contributed to the pathophysiology of renal IRI. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, and induces apoptosis and inflammation. However, the role of TRAIL in renal IRI is unclear. Here, we investigated whether TRAIL contributes to renal IRI and whether TRAIL blockade could attenuate renal IRI. AKI was induced by unilateral clamping of the renal pedicle for 60 min in male FVB/N mice. We found that the expression of TRAIL and its receptors were highly upregulated in renal tubular cells in renal IRI. Neutralizing anti-TRAIL antibody or its control IgG was given 24 hr before ischemia and a half-dose booster injection was administered into the peritoneal cavity immediately after reperfusion. We found that TRAIL blockade inhibited tubular apoptosis and reduced the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages. Furthermore, TRAIL blockade attenuated renal fibrosis and atrophy after IRI. In conclusion, our study suggests that TRAIL is a critical pathogenic factor in renal IRI, and that TRAIL could be a new therapeutic target for the prevention of renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaomi Adachi
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Noriyuki Sugiyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Science, Osaka Medical College
| | - Tatsuro Gondai
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiko Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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9
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Abstract
The ciliopathies are an apparently disparate group of human diseases that all result from defects in the formation and/or function of cilia. They include disorders such as Meckel-Grüber syndrome (MKS), Joubert syndrome (JBTS), Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) and Alström syndrome (ALS). Reflecting the manifold requirements for cilia in signalling, sensation and motility, different ciliopathies exhibit common elements. The mouse has been used widely as a model organism for the study of ciliopathies. Although many mutant alleles have proved lethal, continued investigations have led to the development of better models. Here, we review current mouse models of a core set of ciliopathies, their utility and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic P Norris
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK.
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10
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Sugiyama N, Kohno M, Yokoyama T. Inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway ameliorates renal fibrosis in an NPHP2 mouse model. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 27:1351-8. [PMID: 22076433 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephronophthisis (NPHP), the most frequent genetic cause of end-stage kidney disease in children and young adults, is characterized by a variable number of renal cysts associated with cortical tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important intracellular signaling pathway involved in the production of profibrotic mediators. The relationship between p38 MAPK and renal fibrosis in NPHP2 is unknown. METHODS We administered a selective p38 MAPK inhibitor, FR167653, in a NPHP2 mouse model (inv/inv, invΔC mice) from 3 to 6 weeks old, and the kidneys were examined at 6 weeks of age. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) protein levels, the degree of renal fibrosis, messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for extracellular matrix genes and mRNA levels for transforming growth factor in the kidneys were studied. Effect of an extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) inhibitor on renal fibrosis was also evaluated. RESULTS Expression of extracellular matrix genes and p-p38 MAPK were increased in the NPHP2 mouse model kidney. FR167653 successfully decreased p-p38 MAPK levels, the degree of fibrosis and extracellular matrix gene expressions. However, the FR167653 did not prevent cyst expansion, abnormal cell proliferation and acceleration of apoptosis and did not influence ERK activation. In contrast, MEK inhibition reduced both cyst expansion and fibrosis without affecting p38 MAPK activation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that inhibition of p38 MAPK reduced renal fibrosis but not cyst expansion, cell proliferation and apoptosis in NPHP2 model mice. Our results suggest that p38 MAPK and ERK signaling pathways independently affect renal fibrosis in inv mutant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Sugiyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is not involved in renal cyst development in the kidneys of inv mutant mice. Kidney Int 2011; 79:957-65. [PMID: 21248711 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2010.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified several genes whose defects cause hereditary renal cystic diseases with most of the gene products located in the primary cilia. It has been suggested that primary cilia are involved in signaling pathways, defects of which result in abnormal cell proliferation and randomization of oriented cell division in the kidney leading to cyst formation. Mice with a mutation in the inv gene are a model for human nephronophthisis type 2 and develop multiple renal cysts. Inv protein (also called inversin) is located in the base of primary cilia and acts as a switch from canonical to non-canonical Wnt signaling. Here, we studied the orientation of cell division and proliferation in the kidneys of inv mutant mice, as its loss is thought to maintain activation of the canonical Wnt signaling. To establish if canonical signaling was involved in this process, we mated inv mutant with BATlacZ mice to measure canonical Wnt activity. Based on these reporter mice, nuclear localization and phosphorylation of β-catenin, and responsiveness to Wnt ligands in inv mutant cells, we found that random oriented cell division is an initial event for renal tubule expansion and precedes cell proliferation. Thus, our results do not support the hypothesis that canonical Wnt signaling causes renal cyst development in these mice.
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12
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Okumura Y, Sugiyama N, Tanimura S, Nishida M, Hamaoka K, Kohno M, Yokoyama T. ERK regulates renal cell proliferation and renal cyst expansion in inv mutant mice. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2009; 42:39-45. [PMID: 19492026 PMCID: PMC2685022 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.08040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is the most frequent genetic cause of end-stage kidney disease in children and young adults. Inv mice are a model for human nephronophthisis type 2 (NPHP2) and characterized by multiple renal cysts and situs inversus. Renal epithelial cells in inv cystic kidneys show increased cell proliferation. We studied the ERK pathway to understand the mechanisms that induce cell proliferation and renal cyst progression in inv kidneys. We studied the effects of ERK suppression by administering PD184352, an oral mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor on renal cyst expansion, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activity, bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and expression of cell-cycle regulators in invΔC kidneys. Phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) level increased along with renal cyst enlargement. Cell-cycle regulators showed a high level of expression in invΔC kidneys. PD184352 successfully decreased p-ERK level and inhibited renal cyst enlargement. The inhibitor also decreased expression of cell-cycle regulators and BrdU incorporation in renal epithelial cells. The present results showed that ERK regulated renal cell proliferation and cyst expansion in inv mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Okumura
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Noriyuki Sugiyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Susumu Tanimura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Masashi Nishida
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Kenji Hamaoka
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Michiaki Kohno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Takahiko Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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13
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Veland IR, Awan A, Pedersen LB, Yoder BK, Christensen ST. Primary cilia and signaling pathways in mammalian development, health and disease. NEPHRON. PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 111:p39-53. [PMID: 19276629 PMCID: PMC2881330 DOI: 10.1159/000208212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although first described as early as 1898 and long considered a vestigial organelle of little functional importance, the primary cilium has become one of the hottest research topics in modern cell biology and physiology. Primary cilia are nonmotile sensory organelles present in a single copy on the surface of most growth-arrested or differentiated mammalian cells, and defects in their assembly or function are tightly coupled to many developmental defects, diseases and disorders. In normal tissues, the primary cilium coordinates a series of signal transduction pathways, including Hedgehog, Wnt, PDGFRalpha and integrin signaling. In the kidney, the primary cilium may function as a mechano-, chemo- and osmosensing unit that probes the extracellular environment and transmits signals to the cell via, e.g., polycystins, which depend on ciliary localization for appropriate function. Indeed, hypomorphic mutations in the mouse ift88 (previously called Tg737) gene, which encodes a ciliogenic intraflagellar transport protein, result in malformation of primary cilia, and in the collecting ducts of kidney tubules this is accompanied by development of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (PKD). While PKD was one of the first diseases to be linked to dysfunctional primary cilia, defects in this organelle have subsequently been associated with many other phenotypes, including cancer, obesity, diabetes as well as a number of developmental defects. Collectively, these disorders of the cilium are now referred to as the ciliopathies. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the structure and function of primary cilia and some of their roles in coordinating signal transduction pathways in mammalian development, health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben R Veland
- Department of Biology, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Okada S, Misaka T, Tanaka Y, Matsumoto I, Ishibashi K, Sasaki S, Abe K. Aquaporin‐11 knockout mice and polycystic kidney disease animals share a common mechanism of cyst formation. FASEB J 2008; 22:3672-84. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-111872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Okada
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuko Tanaka
- Department of Medical PhysiologyMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Ichiro Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical PhysiologyMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Sei Sasaki
- Department of NephrologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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15
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Di-Poï N, Zákány J, Duboule D. Distinct roles and regulations for HoxD genes in metanephric kidney development. PLoS Genet 2008; 3:e232. [PMID: 18159948 PMCID: PMC2151092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hox genes encode homeodomain-containing proteins that control embryonic development in multiple contexts. Up to 30 Hox genes, distributed among all four clusters, are expressed during mammalian kidney morphogenesis, but functional redundancy between them has made a detailed functional account difficult to achieve. We have investigated the role of the HoxD cluster through comparative molecular embryological analysis of a set of mouse strains carrying targeted genomic rearrangements such as deletions, duplications, and inversions. This analysis allowed us to uncover and genetically dissect the complex role of the HoxD cluster. Regulation of metanephric mesenchyme-ureteric bud interactions and maintenance of structural integrity of tubular epithelia are differentially controlled by some Hoxd genes during renal development, consistent with their specific expression profiles. We also provide evidence for a kidney-specific form of colinearity that underlies the differential expression of two distinct sets of genes located on both sides and overlapping at the Hoxd9 locus. These insights further our knowledge of the genetic control of kidney morphogenesis and may contribute to understanding certain congenital kidney malformations, including polycystic kidney disease and renal hypoplasia. Hox genes encode proteins that control embryonic development along the head-to-tail axis and in multiple organs. Here, we show that several members of this gene family are necessary for the normal development of the mammalian kidneys. These genes are clustered in one site on the chromosome and their respective positions within the group determine which component of the kidneys they will contribute to. Using a large collection of engineered mutations in this system, we show that these genes are required both for the growth of the kidneys and for their proper organization, such that mutations in some genes reduce the size of the organs, whereas mutations in others induce polycystic kidneys. Our set of genetic rearrangements also allowed us to localize the position of regulatory sequences, which control the expression of these genes during kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Di-Poï
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Swizerland
| | - József Zákány
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Swizerland
| | - Denis Duboule
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Swizerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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