Recombinant activated factor VII safety and efficacy in the treatment of cranial haemorrhage in patients with congenital haemophilia with inhibitors: an analysis of the Hemophilia and Thrombosis Research Society Registry (2004-2008)

Recent Advances in Hemostasis at the Nanoscale

Rapid and effective hemostatic materials have received wide attention not only in the battlefield but also in hospitals and clinics. Traditional hemostasis relies on materials with little designability which has many limitations. Nanohemostasis has been proposed since the use of peptides in hemostasis. Nanomaterials exhibit excellent adhesion, versatility, and designability compared to traditional materials, laying a good foundation for future hemostatic materials. This review first summarizes current hemostatic methods and materials, and then introduces several cutting-edge designs and applications of nanohemostatic materials such as polypeptide assembly, electrospinning of cyanoacrylate, and nanochitosan. Particularly, their advantages and working mechanisms are introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of nanohemostasis are discussed.

Hemostatic strategies for traumatic and surgical bleeding

Wide interest in new hemostatic approaches has stemmed from unmet needs in the hospital and on the battlefield. Many current commercial hemostatic agents fail to fulfill the design requirements of safety, efficacy, cost, and storage. Academic focus has led to the improvement of existing strategies as well as new developments. This review will identify and discuss the three major classes of hemostatic approaches: biologically derived materials, synthetically derived materials, and intravenously administered hemostatic agents. The general class is first discussed, then specific approaches discussed in detail, including the hemostatic mechanisms and the advancement of the method. As hemostatic strategies evolve and synthetic-biologic interactions are more fully understood, current clinical methodologies will be replaced.