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Meinhardt AL, Sandifer CW, Dave M. Solitary Primary Intracranial Extramedullary Plasmacytoma With Lymph Node Metastasis. Cureus 2022; 14:e23767. [PMID: 35518532 PMCID: PMC9064711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic disease of plasma cells. Plasma cell disorders can present as a single lesion (solitary plasmacytoma) or as multiple lesions (multiple myeloma). Solitary plasmacytomas can occur in bone (plasmacytoma of bone) or in soft tissues (extramedullary plasmacytoma), and both can serve as a precursor lesion to multiple myeloma. These lesions may occur anywhere, however, intracranial presentations are rare. Here, we present a rare case of solitary intracranial extramedullary plasmacytoma in a patient complaining of headaches and vision changes. Despite radiation treatment, intracranial progression and rare lymph node involvement were seen soon after, prompting myeloma-directed therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant, which have resulted in remission to date.
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Zhang ZW, Wang M, Hu JJ, Xu G, Zhang Y, Zhang N. Decreased Expression of MicroRNA-107 in B Lymphocytes of Patients with Antibody-Mediated Renal Allograft Rejection. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 246:87-96. [PMID: 30333363 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.246.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that participate in normal B cell lineage development through posttranscriptional gene regulation. Antibody-mediated renal allograft rejection (ABMR) is emerging as one of the most common serious threats to renal transplant patients. In this study, we explored the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ABMR. The differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by Affymetrix miRNA microarray analysis using B lymphocytes from 5 recipients and 5 volunteers. Based on quantitative RT-PCR, the expression levels of miR-107 were lower in the B lymphocytes from recipients than in those from volunteers. Computational analysis predicted that 3'-untranslated region of the autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) mRNA was targeted by miR-107, and we identified ATG12 as a target of miR-107 by Luciferase assay. Importantly, the expression levels of ATG12 in B lymphocytes of recipients were higher than those in the volunteer group, and miR-107 mimic significantly decreased ATG12 expression and formation of autolysosomes in B lymphocytes of recipients. Furthermore, we observed that levels of autophagy in B lymphocytes of transplant recipients were higher than those in B cells from volunteers. These findings suggest that miR-107 may contribute to the regulation of autophagy via targeting ATG12. Lastly, treatment with an miR-107 mimic caused the decrease in the secretion of IgG and IgM antibodies from B lymphocytes of transplant recipients, indicating that deregulated miR-107 could be involved in the pathogenesis of ABMR. Taken together, we propose that decreased miR-107 expression is associated with autophagy activation in B lymphocytes from patients with ABMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Wei Zhang
- Urology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Ming Wang
- Urology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Jun-Jie Hu
- Urology Department, Lanxi Branch of Lanxi People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Gang Xu
- Urology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Yong Zhang
- Urology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Nan Zhang
- Urology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
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The Multiple Roles of Microrna-223 in Regulating Bone Metabolism. Molecules 2015; 20:19433-48. [PMID: 26512640 PMCID: PMC6332311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201019433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a lifelong process for maintaining skeletal system homeostasis, which is regulated by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Aberrant differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts leads to imbalanced bone metabolism, resulting in ossification and osteolysis diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal factors in regulating bone metabolism via post-transcriptional inhibition of target genes. Recent studies have revealed that miR-223 exerts multiple effects on bone metabolism, especially in the processes of osteoclast and osteoblasts differentiation. In this review, we highlight the roles of miR-223 during the processes of osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation, as well as the potential clinical applications of miR-223 in bone metabolism disorders.
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Deng S, Xu Y, An G, Sui W, Zou D, Zhao Y, Qi J, Li F, Hao M, Qiu L. Features of extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma: high frequency of p53 deletion and poor survival: a retrospective single-center study of 834 cases. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15:286-91. [PMID: 25640025 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease in which most patients have myeloma restricted to the bone marrow, and some patients develop extramedullary disease (EMD) at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up, and show different clinical characteristics and a dismal prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 834 consecutive MM patients in a single center in China and compared clinical features of patients with and without EMD. RESULTS In general, the prevalence of EMD was 4.8% at the time of diagnosis and 3.4% during follow-up, with a significant increase in recent years. MM patients with EMD at the time of diagnosis had remarkably greater prevalence of P53 deletion determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis (34.5% vs. 11.9%; P = .037) and higher level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = .003) compared with patients without EMD. EMD relapse/progression during follow-up was correlated with EMD presentation at diagnosis, immunoglobulin (Ig)D subtype and P53 deletion in FISH analysis, but not previous treatment (thalidomide, bortizomib, or transplantation). With respect to prognosis, multivariate analysis showed that EMD was an independent adverse prognostic factor. The overall survival of patients with and without EMD at diagnosis were 16.5 and 40 months, respectively (P < .001), and the time to disease progression of the 2 groups was 11.5 and 25 months, respectively (P < .001). CONCLUSION MM patients with EMD at the time of diagnosis showed remarkably greater prevalence of P53 deletion in FISH analysis and higher LDH levels. EMD relapse/progression was correlated with EMD presentation at diagnosis, IgD subtype, and P53 deletion in FISH analysis, but not previous exposure to new drugs or transplantation. The presence of EMD involvement negatively affected survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Gang An
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Weiwei Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Dehui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Yaozhong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Junyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Mu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College.
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Marques SC, Laursen MB, Bødker JS, Kjeldsen MK, Falgreen S, Schmitz A, Bøgsted M, Johnsen HE, Dybkaer K. MicroRNAs in B-cells: from normal differentiation to treatment of malignancies. Oncotarget 2015; 6:7-25. [PMID: 25622103 PMCID: PMC4381575 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play important post-transcriptional regulatory roles in a wide range of biological processes. They are fundamental to the normal development of cells, and evidence suggests that the deregulation of specific miRNAs is involved in malignant transformation due to their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. We know that miRNAs are involved in the development of normal B-cells and that different B-cell subsets express specific miRNA profiles according to their degree of differentiation. B-cell-derived malignancies contain transcription signatures reminiscent of their cell of origin. Therefore, we believe that normal and malignant B-cells share features of regulatory networks controlling differentiation and the ability to respond to treatment. The involvement of miRNAs in these processes makes them good biomarker candidates. B-cell malignancies are highly prevalent, and the poor overall survival of patients with these malignancies demands an improvement in stratification according to prognosis and therapy response, wherein we believe miRNAs may be of great importance. We have critically reviewed the literature, and here we sum up the findings of miRNA studies in hematological cancers, from the development and progression of the disease to the response to treatment, with a particular emphasis on B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Correia Marques
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Maria Bach Laursen
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Julie Støve Bødker
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Steffen Falgreen
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Schmitz
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Bøgsted
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Johnsen
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Karen Dybkaer
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
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Zhao JJ, Carrasco RD. Crosstalk between microRNA30a/b/c/d/e-5p and the canonical Wnt pathway: implications for multiple myeloma therapy. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5351-8. [PMID: 25228654 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of transcription via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway underlies the pathogenesis of a wide variety of frequent human cancers. These include epithelial carcinomas such as colorectal cancer and hematologic malignancies such as multiple myeloma. Thus, the Wnt/β-catenin in pathway potentially offers an attractive target for cancer therapy. This approach, however, has thus far proved challenging because the pathway plays a number of critical roles in physiologic homeostasis, [corrected] and because drugs that broadly target the pathway have unacceptable side effects. miRNAs function as regulators of gene expression and have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and other human cancers, offering the promise of novel therapeutic approaches if they can be applied effectively in vivo. Because BCL9 is a critical transcriptional coactivator of β-catenin that is aberrantly expressed in many human cancers but is of low abundance in normal tissues, [corrected] the Wnt/β-catenin/BCL9 complex has emerged as a promising and most likely relatively safe therapeutic target in cancers with dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin activity. This review discusses recent advances in the biology of Wnt inhibitors and the appealing possibility of a functional link between BCL9 and miRNA30a/b/c/d/e-5p that could be exploited for multiple myeloma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ruben D Carrasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Lin JJ, Mahindra A, Santo L, Amin S, Sohani AR, Raje N. MicroRNA expression patterns in medullary and extramedullary plasmacytoma. Blood Cancer J 2014; 4:e223. [PMID: 24972152 PMCID: PMC4080212 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J J Lin
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Mahindra
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Santo
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Amin
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A R Sohani
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Campo S, Allegra A, D'Ascola A, Alonci A, Scuruchi M, Russo S, Avenoso A, Gerace D, Campo GM, Musolino C. MiRNome expression is deregulated in the peripheral lymphoid compartment of multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2014; 165:801-13. [PMID: 24620752 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression. Selected groups of miRNAs are differentially expressed in various types of cancers. Alterations in miRNAs gene expression have been shown in cells from the B-cell malignancy, multiple myeloma (MM). However, although MM is a disease of plasma cells, abnormalities have been detected in the peripheral blood of the patients. The goal of our study was to analyse the entire miRNome in peripheral lymphocytes of MM patients using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Using in silica analysis, we also evaluated some of the most interesting and significant pathways. Analysis revealed that MM samples had a distinct miRNA profile compared to the controls. This resulted in the identification of 203 miRNAs, 85 of which were over-expressed and 118 under-expressed. Of these, 184 possessed validated or highly predicted mRNA targets. We identified 12 354 mRNA targets of the transcriptome: 36·4% of the related proteins are involved in death processes while the 21% are required for growth and cell proliferation. We have demonstrated that miRNAs are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of MM patients compared to controls, affecting some pathways involved in the anti-apoptotic process, cell proliferation and maybe anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Lionetti M, Musto P, Di Martino MT, Fabris S, Agnelli L, Todoerti K, Tuana G, Mosca L, Gallo Cantafio ME, Grieco V, Bianchino G, D'Auria F, Statuto T, Mazzoccoli C, De Luca L, Petrucci MT, Offidani M, Di Raimondo F, Falcone A, Caravita T, Omede' P, Morabito F, Tassone P, Boccadoro M, Palumbo A, Neri A. Biological and clinical relevance of miRNA expression signatures in primary plasma cell leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3130-42. [PMID: 23613318 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a rare and very aggressive form of plasma cell dyscrasia. To date, no information on microRNA (miRNA) expression in pPCL has been reported. This study aimed at investigating the involvement of miRNAs in pPCL and their possible relationship with higher tumor aggressiveness. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Global miRNA expression profiles were analyzed in highly purified malignant plasma cells from 18 pPCL untreated patients included in a prospective clinical trial. MiRNA expression patterns were evaluated in comparison with a representative series of multiple myeloma patients, in relation to the most recurrent chromosomal abnormalities (as assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and single-nucleotide polymorphism-array analysis), and in association with clinical outcome. MiRNA expression was also integrated with gene expression profiles in pPCL and multiple myeloma samples. RESULTS We identified a series of deregulated miRNAs in pPCL (42 upregulated and 41 downregulated) in comparison with multiple myeloma. Some of them, on the basis of their reported functions and putative target genes computed by integrative analysis, might have a role in the pathobiology of pPCL. As regards chromosomal aberrations, the expression of some miRNAs mapped to hotspot altered regions was associated with DNA copy number of the corresponding loci. Finally, 4 miRNA (miR-497, miR-106b, miR-181a*, and miR-181b) were identified as having expression levels that correlated with treatment response, and 4 (miR-92a, miR-330-3p, miR-22, and miR-146a) with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study provides insights into the possible contribution of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of pPCL and suggests targets for future therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lionetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Hematology 1 CTMO, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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Zeng X, Xiang J, Wu M, Xiong W, Tang H, Deng M, Li X, Liao Q, Su B, Luo Z, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Zeng Z, Li X, Shen S, Shuai C, Li G, Fang J, Peng S. Circulating miR-17, miR-20a, miR-29c, and miR-223 combined as non-invasive biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46367. [PMID: 23056289 PMCID: PMC3466268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have been considered as a kind of potential novel biomarker for cancer detection due to their remarkable stability in the blood and the characteristics of their expression profile in many diseases. Methods We performed microarray-based serum miRNA profiling on the serum of twenty nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at diagnosis along with 20 non-cancerous individuals as controls. This was followed by a real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) in a separate cohort of thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and thirty age- matched non-cancerous volunteers. A model for diagnosis was established by a conversion of mathematical calculation formula which has been validated by analyzing 74 cases of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 57 cases of non-cancerous volunteers. Results The profiles showed that 39 and 17 miRNAs are exclusively expressed in the serum of non-cancerous volunteers and of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma respectively. 4 miRNAs including miR-17, miR-20a, miR-29c, and miR-223 were found to be expressed differentially in the serum of NPC compared with that of non-cancerous control. Based on this, a diagnosis equation with Ct difference method has been established to distinguish NPC cases and non-cancerous controls and validated with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions We demonstrate that the serum miRNA-based biomarker model become a novel tool for NPC detection. The circulating 4-miRNA-based method may provide a novel strategy for NPC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Min Deng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Bo Su
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shourong Shen
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jiasheng Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (SP)
| | - Shuping Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JF); (SP)
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Jayaswal V, Lutherborrow M, Yang YH. Measures of association for identifying microRNA-mRNA pairs of biological interest. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29612. [PMID: 22253745 PMCID: PMC3256172 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-protein coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Most studies on the identification of microRNA-mRNA pairs utilize the correlation coefficient as a measure of association. The use of correlation coefficient is appropriate if the expression data are available for several conditions and, for a given condition, both microRNA and mRNA expression profiles are obtained from the same set of individuals. However, there are many instances where one of the requirements is not satisfied. Therefore, there is a need for new measures of association to identify the microRNA-mRNA pairs of interest and we present two such measures. The first measure requires expression data for multiple conditions but, for a given condition, the microRNA and mRNA expression may be obtained from different individuals. The new measure, unlike the correlation coefficient, is suitable for analyzing large data sets which are obtained by combining several independent studies on microRNAs and mRNAs. Our second measure is able to handle expression data that correspond to just two conditions but, for a given condition, the microRNA and mRNA expression must be obtained from the same set of individuals. This measure, unlike the correlation coefficient, is appropriate for analyzing data sets with a small number of conditions. We apply our new measures of association to multiple myeloma data sets, which cannot be analyzed using the correlation coefficient, and identify several microRNA-mRNA pairs involved in apoptosis and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Jayaswal
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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12
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Benetatos L, Vartholomatos G. Deregulated microRNAs in multiple myeloma. Cancer 2011; 118:878-87. [PMID: 21837684 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAS involved in gene expression regulation under physiological and pathological situations. They bind to mRNA of target genes and are potential regulators of gene expression at a post-transcription level through the RNA interference pathway. They are estimated to represent 1% to 2% of the known eukaryotic genome, and it has been demonstrated that they are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, metabolism disorders, and heart disease. MicroRNAs are known to act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in cancer biology. The authors describe the current knowledge on microRNA involvement in regulatory pathways that characterize multiple myeloma pathogenesis gained from in vitro and in vivo studies. These small molecules interact with important factors such as p53, SOCS1, IGF-1, IGF-1R, vascular endothelial growth factor, NF-κB, and others. As such, microRNAs represent an attractive therapeutic target in the context of multiple myeloma interfering with the myeloma regulatory networks. Further studies are needed to better understand their role in myelomagenesis and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Benetatos
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
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