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Rossato DO, Ludwig A, Deprá M, Loreto ELS, Ruiz A, Valente VLS. BuT2 is a member of the third major group of hAT transposons and is involved in horizontal transfer events in the genus Drosophila. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:352-65. [PMID: 24459285 PMCID: PMC3942097 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hAT superfamily comprises a large and diverse array of DNA transposons found in all supergroups of eukaryotes. Here we characterized the Drosophila buzzatii BuT2 element and found that it harbors a five-exon gene encoding a 643-aa putatively functional transposase. A phylogeny built with 85 hAT transposases yielded, in addition to the two major groups already described, Ac and Buster, a third one comprising 20 sequences that includes BuT2, Tip100, hAT-4_BM, and RP-hAT1. This third group is here named Tip. In addition, we studied the phylogenetic distribution and evolution of BuT2 by in silico searches and molecular approaches. Our data revealed BuT2 was, most often, vertically transmitted during the evolution of genus Drosophila being lost independently in several species. Nevertheless, we propose the occurrence of three horizontal transfer events to explain its distribution and conservation among species. Another aspect of BuT2 evolution and life cycle is the presence of short related sequences, which contain similar 5' and 3' regions, including the terminal inverted repeats. These sequences that can be considered as miniature inverted repeat transposable elements probably originated by internal deletion of complete copies and show evidences of recent mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirleane Ottonelli Rossato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ludwig
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional, Instituto
Carlos Chagas (ICC), Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maríndia Deprá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia
Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elgion L. S. Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa
Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Ruiz
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat
de Biociènces, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vera L. S. Valente
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia
Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Marshall JM. The effect of gene drive on containment of transgenic mosquitoes. J Theor Biol 2009; 258:250-65. [PMID: 19490857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever continue to be a major health problem through much of the world. Several new potential approaches to disease control utilize gene drive to spread anti-pathogen genes into the mosquito population. Prior to a release, these projects will require trials in outdoor cages from which transgenic mosquitoes may escape, albeit in small numbers. Most genes introduced in small numbers are very likely to be lost from the environment; however, gene drive mechanisms enhance the invasiveness of introduced genes. Consequently, introduced transgenes may be more likely to persist than ordinary genes following an accidental release. Here, we develop stochastic models to analyze the loss probabilities for several gene drive mechanisms, including homing endonuclease genes, transposable elements, Medea elements, the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia, engineered underdominance genes, and meiotic drive. We find that Medea and Wolbachia present the best compromise between invasiveness and containment for the six gene drive systems currently being considered for the control of mosquito-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Marshall
- Department of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1766, USA.
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A branching process for the early spread of a transposable element in a diploid population. J Math Biol 2008; 57:811-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00285-008-0190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever continue to be a major health concern through much of the world. The emergence of chloroquine-resistant strains of malaria and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes emphasize the need for novel methods of disease control. Recently, there has been much interest in the use of transposable elements to drive resistance genes into vector populations as a means of disease control. One concern that must be addressed before a release is performed is the potential loss of linkage between a transposable element and a resistance gene. Transposable elements such as P and hobo have been shown to produce internal deletion derivatives at a significant rate, and there is concern that a similar process could lead to loss of the resistance gene from the drive system following a transgenic release. Additionally, transposable elements such as Himar1 have been shown to transpose significantly more frequently when free of exogenous DNA. Here, we show that any transposon-mediated gene drive strategy must have an exceptionally low rate of dissociation if it is to be effective. Additionally, the resistance gene must confer a large selective advantage to the vector to surmount the effects of a moderate dissociation rate and transpositional handicap.
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Huang Y, Magori K, Lloyd AL, Gould F. Introducing transgenes into insect populations using combined gene-drive strategies: modeling and analysis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 37:1054-63. [PMID: 17785193 PMCID: PMC2099304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Engineered underdominance (EU), meiotic drive (MD) and Wolbachia have been proposed as mechanisms for driving anti-pathogen transgenes into natural populations of insect vectors of human diseases. EU can drive transgenes to high and stable frequencies but requires the release of sizeable numbers of engineered insects. MD and Wolbachia either cannot maintain high frequencies of transgenes or lack appropriate expression in critical tissues, but both can drive the transgenes to spread from very low initial frequencies. Here we use mathematical models to assess the utility of combining EU with MD or with Wolbachia. Under some conditions, the combination of EU and MD results in a more efficient transgene-drive strategy than either mechanism alone. This combined strategy could drive the transgenes to stable fixation and would require fewer released insects than EU alone, especially when only males are released. However, a combination of EU and Wolbachia does not work better than EU alone because it requires the release of even more engineered insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Huang
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA, Tel.(919) 515-1650 Fax: (919) 515-2824
| | | | - Alun L. Lloyd
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA, Tel.(919) 515-1910 Fax: (919) 515-1909
| | - Fred Gould
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA, Tel.(919) 515-1647 Fax: (919) 515-2824
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