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Nagendrababu V, Kishen A, Murray PE, Nekoofar MH, de Figueiredo JAP, Priya E, Jayaraman J, Pulikkotil SJ, Jakovljevic A, Dummer PMH. PRIASE 2021 guidelines for reporting animal studies in Endodontology: explanation and elaboration. Int Endod J 2021; 54:858-886. [PMID: 33492704 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Laws and ethics require that before conducting human clinical trials, a new material, device or drug may have to undergo testing in animals in order to minimize health risks to humans, unless suitable supporting grandfather data already exist. The Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) 2021 guidelines were developed exclusively for the specialty of Endodontology by integrating and adapting the ARRIVE (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) guidelines and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles using a validated consensus-based methodology. Implementation of the PRIASE 2021 guidelines will reduce potential sources of bias and thus improve the quality, accuracy, reproducibility, completeness and transparency of reports describing animal studies in Endodontology. The PRIASE 2021 guidelines consist of a checklist with 11 domains and 43 individual items and a flowchart. The aim of the current document is to provide an explanation for each item in the PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart and is supplemented with examples from the literature in order for readers to understand their significance and to provide usage guidance. A link to the PRIASE 2021 explanation and elaboration document and PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart is available on the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontology (PRIDE) website (http://pride-endodonticguidelines.org/priase/).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - A Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P E Murray
- Private Consultant, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - M H Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - E Priya
- Division of Children and Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Jayaraman
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health School of Dentistry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S J Pulikkotil
- Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Jakovljevic
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Sales LS, Santos ADD, Cosme-Silva L, Queiroz IODA, Martins CM, Dal-Fabbro R, Moraes JCS, Cintra LTA, Bertoz APDM, Gomes Filho JE. Influence of the Vehicle on the Tissue Reaction and Biomineralization of Fast Endodontic Cement. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2021.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Delai D, Tedesco M, de Almeida J, Chain MC, da Silveira Teixeira C, Santos Felippe MC, Felippe WT. Influence of Infected Root Dentin on the Bond Strength of a Self-adhesive Resin Cement. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:26-30. [PMID: 29599579 PMCID: PMC5863404 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_683_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the bond strength (BS) of a self-adhesive resin cement to the contaminated root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crown and apical third of twenty single-rooted teeth were removed. The root canals were flared and 1-mm-thick root sections were obtained. The sections were rinsed, dried, and sterilized. The control group (n=20) was composed of one section of each third, which remained immersed in sterile trypticase soy broth (TSB) for 2 months. The other sections comprised the experimental group (n = 40) and were immersed in a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis. The culture medium was changed at every 4 days for 2 months. The sections were rinsed with distilled water, dried, and the root canal space was filled with the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX™ U200. After 24 h, the push-out test was performed and the types of interface failure were observed on a stereo microscope. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were statistically analyzed by the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test (α=5%). RESULTS A significant reduction was observed in the BS of resin cement to the contaminated dentin compared to the healthy dentin, for both thirds analyzed (P < 0.05). The BS was significantly greater at the cervical third compared to the middle third for specimens in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Adhesive and mixed failures were observed more frequently in specimens contaminated with E. faecalis. CONCLUSION Bacterial contamination negatively infl uenced the BS of the self-adhesive resin cement to the root dentin, and there was a predominance of adhesive and mixed failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Delai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maybell Tedesco
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane de Almeida
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Carvalho Chain
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wilson Tadeu Felippe
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Cintra LTA, Benetti F, de Azevedo Queiroz ÍO, Ferreira LL, Massunari L, Bueno CRE, de Oliveira SHP, Gomes-Filho JE. Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Biocompatibility of New Resin Epoxy–based Endodontic Sealer Containing Calcium Hydroxide. J Endod 2017; 43:2088-2092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jafari F, Jafari S. Composition and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate based sealers: A review article. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1249-e1255. [PMID: 29167717 PMCID: PMC5694156 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently a new generation of endodontic sealers has been developed based on calcium silicate as MTA Fillapex, Endoseal MTA, Total Fill BC Sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer, iRoot SP, Endo CPM sealer, MTA-Angelus and ProRoot Endo Sealer. A review of literature was conducted to discuss the composition, physicochemical properties, and clinical perspectives of calcium silicate based sealers. Material and Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed and web of knowledge databases with appropriate MeSh terms and keywords. A total of 71 studies were reviewed for data extraction. Results and Conclusions Calcium silicate based sealers showed suitable physical properties to be used as an endodontic sealer. However, its high solubility remains an important issue. They show good performance regarding calcium ion release, film thickness, and fowability. More researches are required about features of calcium silicate based sealers before recommending them for clinical applications. Key words:Calcium silicate, root canal filling materials, composition, physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Orthodontics Department, Dentistry Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences
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Espir CG, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Spin-Neto R, Chávez-Andrade GM, Berbert FLCV, Tanomaru-Filho M. Solubility and bacterial sealing ability of MTA and root-end filling materials. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:121-5. [PMID: 27119759 PMCID: PMC4836918 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate solubility and sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and root-end filling materials. Material and Methods The materials evaluated were: MTA, Calcium Silicate Cement with zirconium oxide (CSC/ZrO2), and zinc oxide/eugenol (ZOE). Solubility test was performed according to ANSI/ADA. The difference between initial and final mass of the materials was analyzed after immersion in distilled water for 7 and 30 days. Retrograde cavities in human teeth with single straight root canal were performed by using ultrasonic tip CVD 9.5107-8. The cavities were filled with the evaluated materials to evaluate sealing ability using the bacterial leakage test with Enterococcus faecalis. Bacterial leakage was evaluated every 24 hours for six weeks observing the turbidity of Brain Heart infusion (BHI) medium in contact with root apex. Data were submitted to ANOVA followed by Tukey tests (solubility), and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (sealing ability) at a 5% significance level. Results For the 7-day period, ZOE presented highest solubility when compared with the other groups (p<0.05). For the 30-day period, no difference was observed among the materials. Lower bacterial leakage was observed for MTA and CSC/ZrO2, and both presented better results than ZOE (p<0.05). Conclusion MTA and CSC/ZrO2 presented better bacterial sealing capacity, which may be related to lower initial solubility observed for these materials in relation to ZOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Galletti Espir
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Radiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Fabio Luiz Camargo Villela Berbert
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
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Baldasso FER, Kopper PMP, Morgental RD, Steier L, Figueiredo JAPD, Scarparo RK. Biological Tissue Response to a New Formulation of a Silicone Based Endodontic Sealer. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:657-663. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Satisfactory biological behavior is a necessary requirement for clinical application of endodontic materials. In this study, the connective tissue responses to silicone (GuttaFlow 2), epoxy resin (AH Plus) and zinc oxide and eugenol (Endofill) based sealers were compared. Twelve Wistar rats had polyethylene tubes (four per animal) containing one of the tested sealers and empty tubes (negative control) implanted in their subcutaneous tissue. The tubes were randomly placed 2 cm from the spine and at least 2 cm apart from one another. Tissue samples with implants were processed for histological analysis after 7 or 60 days (n=6 animals per period). Inflammatory cells, fibrous condensation and abscess were scored according to their intensity. Friedman, followed by Dunn's post hoc, was used to compare sealers. Differences between the two experimental periods were verified using Mann-Witney U test (p<0.05). At 7 days, most of the histological parameters showed no significant differences amongst groups. Endofill group scored higher than the others for giant cells (o<0.05) and promoted a greater number of samples presenting abscess formation. GuttaFlow 2 tended to show a less intense inflammatory infiltrate compared to the other materials. At 60 days, there were no significant differences between groups in most of the histological parameters evaluated. However, it was observed that Endofill scored higher for macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group, and GuttaFlow 2 tended to present lower scores than the others for neutrophils and abscess. GuttaFlow 2 showed proper biological behavior and should be considered adequate for clinical practice.
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Al-Maswary AA, Alhadainy HAH, Al-Maweri SA. Coronal Microleakage of the Resilon and Gutta-Percha Obturation Materials with Epiphany SE Sealer: An in-vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC39-42. [PMID: 27437358 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17545.7750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronal leakage of bacteria and other irritants to the root canal system is one of the main factors that may result in clinical failure and affect the long term success of endodontic treatment. The Resilon/Epiphany obturation system has been developed as an alternative to gutta-percha and traditional sealers. AIM This study aimed to evaluate and compare the coronal leakage between Resilon obturation material and gutta-percha using the same sealer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in-vitro study, 72 freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were used, and were sectioned at CEJ with 13mm length. The roots were randomly divided into four groups. In Group I, 30 roots were obturated using Resilon and Epiphany SE sealer, Group II, 30 roots were obturated using gutta-percha and Epiphany SE. Group III and Group IV, 12 roots were used as control groups (positive and negative). The coronal leakage was measured using the dye penetration technique. Data were statistically analysed by a One-Way ANOVA test. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the two experimental groups where Resilon revealed less microleakage than gutta-percha group (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Resilon is a suitable replacement for gutta-percha on the basis of its increased resistance to microleakage, but it failed to provide complete hermetic coronal sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges , Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Sana'a University, Yemen
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Demiriz L, Koçak MM, Koçak S, Sağlam BC, Türker SA. Evaluation of the dentinal wall adaptation ability of MTA Fillapex using stereo electron microscope. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:220-4. [PMID: 27217633 PMCID: PMC4872574 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An ideal root canal obturation requires a complete dentinal wall adaptation of sealer and Gutta-percha combinations without any gap formations. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the dentinal wall adaptation ability of MTA Fillapex root canal sealer using stereo electron microscope (SEM). Methods: Twenty-four, single-rooted, human maxillary incisor teeth were used. All canals were prepared with a rotary nickel–titanium (Ni–Ti) instrument to a size F3 file. Teeth divided into two equal groups and one of the experimental groups was filled with AH Plus, and the other group was filled with MTA Fillapex using Gutta-percha single cone as a core material. The roots were prepared for SEM evaluation, and serial scanning electron photomicrographs were taken at ×50, ×100, ×500, and ×1000 magnifications. The gaps between the root canal sealer and canal walls were detected and measured in coronal, middle, and apical thirds. For each section, the highest value among the detected gap formations was recorded. Statistical Analysis: Mann–Whitney U-test, Freidman, and Wilcoxon tests were used. Results: The statistical analysis showed no significant difference between two sealers in terms of gap formation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: MTA Fillapex has a similar dentinal wall adaptation ability as AH Plus does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levent Demiriz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Murat Koçak
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sibel Koçak
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Baran Can Sağlam
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Aktemur Türker
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Das M, Kumar GA, Ramesh S, Garapati S, Sharma D. An in vitro evaluation of microtensile bond strength of resin-based sealer with dentin treated with diode and Nd:YAG laser. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:183-187. [PMID: 23811643 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smear layer is a negative factor which prevents adhesion of the filling material to the dentinal walls. Recent advances in dental research have incorporated lasers as a potential adjunct in root canal treatment by removing the smear layer before filling the root canal system, enhancing the adhesion of sealers to dentin and improving the sealing ability. AIM To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of AH-Plus resin-based sealer to dentin after treatment with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty specimens prepared for three groups namely group I (control), group II (980 nm diode-lased specimens) and group III (Nd:YAG-lased specimens). One tooth from each group was observed under scanning electron microscope for evaluation of intracanal root dentin morphology. Remaining specimens were used for making microsections by hard tissue microtome. Specimens for groups II and III were lased with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser. AH Plus sealer was applied onto specimens and mounted onto Instron universal testing machine for microtensile bond strength testing. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. RESULTS Group III Nd:YAG had maximum mean microtensile bond strength values (11.558 ± 0.869), followed by group II diode (9.073 ± 0.468) and group I control (6.05 ± 0.036). Statistically significant differences were seen among all the groups. SEM analysis shows removal of smear layer in both groups II and III. CONCLUSION Both Nd:YAG and diode laser were more effective than control group in improving the microtensile bond strength of AH Plus sealer to dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Lasers have the potential to increase the adhesiveness of root canal sealer to dentin surface, thereby improving the quality of root canal obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneesha Das
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital Parbhani, Maharashtra, India.
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Khedmat S, Momen-Heravi F, Pishvaei M. Rheological properties of endodontic sealers: the effect of time, temperature, and composition. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-012-0047-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Vanni JR, Della-Bona A, Figueiredo JAPD, Pedro G, Voss D, Kopper PMP. Radiographic evaluation of furcal perforations sealed with different materials in dogs' teeth. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:421-5. [PMID: 21710090 PMCID: PMC4223796 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011005000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to evaluate, using radiographic images, the behavior of four materials used to repair root perforations in dogs' teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Second and third premolars of 6 dogs were used. The 48 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12) and the perforations were sealed with one of the following materials: MTA, AH Plus, Vitremer and gutta-percha. Dogs were submitted to general anesthesia, teeth were radiographed and pulp was accessed. Perforations were done, at the maximum curve of the pulp floor, sealed and the accessed coronal cavity was filled with glass ionomer cement (Vidrion R). After 90 days, the dogs were sacrificed and the last x-ray image was taken. Images were analyzed for the presence/absence of periodontal lesions at the perforation region. Data were analyzed statistically by chi-square test at 5% significance level. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among AH Plus, Vitremer and gutta-percha groups. MTA produced the smallest number of periodontal lesions (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS It may be concluded that none of the tested materials was able to preserve the integrity of the periodontal tissues in the furcation region, and the use of MTA resulted in the least formation of adjacent periodontal bone lesions revealed by the radiographic comparisons.
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Oliveira ACM, Tanomaru JMG, Faria-Junior N, Tanomaru-Filho M. Bacterial leakage in root canals filled with conventional and MTA-based sealers. Int Endod J 2011; 44:370-5. [PMID: 21276016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate bacterial leakage after filling root canals with several endodontic sealers, including MTA-based materials. METHODOLOGY One hundred and thirty single-rooted extracted human teeth were randomly divided into experimental groups (n = 15) and two control groups (n = 5). Six root canal sealers were namely: AH Plus (AHP), Sealer 26 (S26), Epiphany SE (ESE), Sealapex (SEL), Active GP (AGP), Endofill (EDF), and two MTA-based sealers were namely: Endo CPM Sealer (CPM) and MTA-based sealer (MTAS, MTA Sealer). Teeth in the control groups were either filled with no sealer or made completely impermeable. Root canals were prepared and filled with either gutta-percha and one of the sealers or with Resilon and Epiphany SE. Teeth were sterilized by ethylene oxide prior to the bacterial leakage experiments using Enterococcus faecalis. Leakage was evaluated every 24 h for 16 weeks. Data were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests at 5% significance. RESULTS Control groups had either immediate leakage or no leakage. During 120 days, significantly more leaking samples were detected for AGP, CPM and MTAS (P < 0.05). The best sealing ability was observed for AH Plus and Sealapex (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS All sealers evaluated allowed bacterial leakage. The MTA-based sealers had the most leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C M Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
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Sealing properties of one-step root-filling fibre post-obturators vs. two-step delayed fibre post-placement. J Dent 2010; 38:547-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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de Oliveira RL, Oliveira Filho RS, Gomes HDC, de Franco MF, Enokihara MMSES, Duarte MAH. Influence of calcium hydroxide addition to AH Plus sealer on its biocompatibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 109:e50-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kopper PMP, Vanni JR, Della Bona A, de Figueiredo JAP, Porto S. In vivo evaluation of the sealing ability of two endodontic sealers in root canals exposed to the oral environment for 45 and 90 days. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 14:43-8. [PMID: 19089029 PMCID: PMC4327170 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572006000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 10/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vivo study evaluated the sealing ability of a resin-based sealer (AH Plus) and a zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (Endofill) in dogs' teeth, exposed to the oral environment for 45 and 90 days. Forty eight lower incisors from 8 dogs were endodonticaly treated. A stratified randomization determined the sealer use in each root canal. All canals were filled using the lateral condensation technique. The excess filling material at the cervical portion of the root canal was sectioned, leaving a 10-mm obturation length inside the canal. Teeth were provisionally sealed with glass ionomer cement for 24 h and the canals were exposed to the oral environment for either 45 or 90 days. Therefore, the experimental groups were as follows: A45- AH Plus for 45 days; A90- AH Plus for 90 days; E45- Endofill for 45 days; and E90- Endofill for 90 days (n=12). After the experimental period, the dogs were killed and the lower jaw was removed. The incisors were extracted and the roots were covered with two coats of nail varnish. The teeth were immersed in India ink for 96 h and submitted to diaphanization. Dye leakage (in mm) was measured using stereomicroscopy (10x magnification). The results were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons (á = 0.05). Group E90 (2.03+/-0.94) showed significantly higher mean leakage value than all other groups (p<0.001). None of the sealers, in both study conditions, were able to prevent dye leakage.
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Palmer NOA, Ahmed M, Grieveson B. An investigation of current endodontic practice and training needs in primary care in the north west of England. Br Dent J 2009; 206:E22; discussion 584-5. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2009.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mozini ACA, Vansan LP, Sousa Neto MD, Pietro R. Influence of the length of remaining root canal filling and post space preparation on the coronal leakage of Enterococcus faecalis. Braz J Microbiol 2009; 40:174-9. [PMID: 24031339 PMCID: PMC3768511 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220090001000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2008] [Revised: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the sealing ability of different lengths of remaining root canal filling and post space preparation against coronal leakage of Enterococcus faecalis. Forty-one roots of maxillary incisors were biomechanically prepared, maintaining standardized canal diameter at the middle and coronal thirds. The roots were autoclaved and all subsequent steps were undertaken in a laminar flow chamber. The canals of 33 roots were obturated with AH Plus sealer and gutta-percha. The root canal fillings were reduced to 3 predetermined lengths (n=11): G1=6 mm, G2=4 mm and G3=2 mm. The remaining roots served as positive and negative controls. Bacterial leakage test apparatuses were fabricated with the roots attached to Eppendorf tubes keeping 2 mm of apex submerged in BHI in glass flasks. The specimens received an E. faecalis inoculum of 1 x 107 cfu/mL every 3 days and were observed for bacterial leakage daily during 60 days. Data were submitted to ANOVA, Tukey’s test and Fisher’s test. At 60 days, G1 (6 mm) and G2 (4 mm) presented statistically similar results (p>0.05) (54.4% of specimens with bacterial leakage) and both groups differed significantly (p<0.01) from G3 (2 mm), which presented 100% of specimens with E. faecalis leakage. It may be concluded that the shortest endodontic obturation remnant leaked considerably more than the other lengths, although none of the tested conditions avoids coronal leakage of E. faecalis.
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An Investigation on the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Cationic Nanoparticulates for Root Canal Disinfection. J Endod 2008; 34:1515-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Cobankara FK, Orucoglu H, Ozkan HB, Yildirim C. Effect of immediate and delayed post preparation on apical microleakage by using methacrylate-based EndoREZ sealer with or without accelerator. J Endod 2008; 34:1504-7. [PMID: 19026883 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 08/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate and delayed post space preparation on the apical sealing ability of EndoREZ, a methacrylate-based dual-cured resin sealer, with or without accelerator. Fifty extracted human teeth were endodontically prepared and randomly divided into 6 groups. Teeth in experimental groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 (n = 10) were filled with resin-coated gutta-percha and either EndoREZ with accelerator (A+) or EndoREZ without accelerator (A-) by the lateral compaction technique. In group1 (A+) and group2 (A-), the post space was prepared immediately at the time of obturation. In groups 3 (A+) and 4 (A-), the post space was prepared after storage in 100% humidity at 37 degrees C for 1 week. Groups 5 and 6 (n = 5) represented positive and negative control groups, respectively. Leakage was determined by computerized fluid filtration device. Complete leakage was observed in group 5, and no leakage was evident in group 6 (P = 1.000). In experimental groups, mean apical microleakage values (microL/cmH(2)O/min(-1)) were as follows: group 1, 2.77 +/- 0.79(a); group 2, 2.88 +/- 1.38(a); group 3, 19.95 +/- 7.85(c); group 4, 6.20 +/- 2.09(b) (different letters indicate significantly different groups, P < .005). Immediate post space preparation achieved better sealing than delayed post preparation at the apical end, regardless of whether the EndoREZ accelerator was used. There was no significant difference between the (A+) and (A-) in immediate post space preparation. However, more leakage was found when using (A+) than (A-) in delayed post preparation. Under the conditions of this study, it was concluded that EndoREZ accelerator seems not to provide clinicians with any advantage for rapid transition from endodontic treatment to post-endodontic restorative procedures immediately after completion of root canal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Kont Cobankara
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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Oddoni PG, Mello I, Coil JM, Antoniazzi JH. Coronal and apical leakage analysis of two different root canal obturation systems. Braz Oral Res 2008; 22:211-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242008000300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Pereira CDC, de Oliveira EPM, Gomes MS, Della-Bona A, Vanni JR, Kopper PMP, de Figueiredo JAP. Comparative in vivo analysis of the sealing ability of three endodontic sealers in dog teeth after post-space preparation. AUST ENDOD J 2008; 33:101-6. [PMID: 18076577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2007.00069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the sealing ability of RoekoSeal, AH Plus and EndoRez in dog premolars after post-space preparation and exposure to the oral environment. Seventy-four root canals were cleaned, shaped and filled with gutta-percha and one of the sealers. Post spaces were prepared with about 4-mm root canal filling remaining in the apex. Teeth were sealed for 24 h for sealer setting. Teeth were exposed to the oral environment for 45 days. The dogs were killed and root canals were soaked in India ink and sealed for 96 h. The teeth were cleared, and leakage was measured under stereoscopy. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for analysis. A significant difference was found between EndoRez and RoekoSeal groups (P < 0.05). EndoRez had lower leakage values than RoekoSeal after 45-day exposure to the oral environment. No statistic difference was found in the comparison of AH Plus with the other sealers under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles da Cunha Pereira
- Department of Research and Graduate Studies, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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Dall'agnol C, Hartmann MSM, Barletta FB. Computed tomography assessment of the efficiency of different techniques for removal of root canal filling material. Braz Dent J 2008; 19:306-12. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402008000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficiency of different techniques for removal of filling material from root canals, using computed tomography (CT). Sixty mesial roots from extracted human mandibular molars were used. Root canals were filled and, after 6 months, the teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups, according to the root-filling removal technique: Group A - hand instrumentation with K-type files; Group B - reciprocating instrumentation with engine-driven K-type files; and Group C rotary instrumentation with engine-driven ProTaper system. CT scans were used to assess the volume of filling material inside the root canals before and after the removal procedure. In both moments, the area of filling material was outlined by an experienced radiologist and the volume of filling material was automatically calculated by the CT software program. Based on the volume of initial and residual filling material of each specimen, the percentage of filling material removed from the root canals by the different techniques was calculated. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and chi-square test for linear trend (?=0.05). No statistically significant difference (p=0.36) was found among the groups regarding the percent means of removed filling material. The analysis of the association between the percentage of filling material removal (high or low) and the proposed techniques by chi-square test showed statistically significant difference (p=0.015), as most cases in group B (reciprocating technique) presented less than 50% of filling material removed (low percent removal). In conclusion, none of the techniques evaluated in this study was effective in providing complete removal of filling material from the root canals.
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Gomes MS, Barletta FB, Della Bona A, Vanni JR, Pereira CDC, de Figueiredo JAP. Microbial leakage and apical inflammatory response in dog's teeth after root canal filling with different sealers, post space preparation and exposure to the oral environment. J Appl Oral Sci 2007; 15:429-36. [PMID: 19089174 PMCID: PMC4327265 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572007000500011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronal leakage is an important factor affecting the outcome of endodontic therapy. This study evaluated the microbial leakage (ML) and the apical inflammatory response (AIR) in dog’s teeth after root canal filling with three endodontic sealers, post preparation and exposure to the oral environment, testing the hypothesis that there is a positive correlation between these two histological parameters (ML and AIR). Sixty-four root canals of 8 mongrel dogs were cleaned, shaped and randomly distributed into groups according to the sealer to be used: Sealer 26 (n=18); AH Plus (n=18); RoekoSeal (n=19); no sealer – control group (n=9). Root canals were filled by the lateral condensation technique. Post space preparation left 4 mm of filling material in the apical root third, and specimens were exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. The dogs were killed and jaw blocks were histologically processed using Brown & Brenn and HE staining techniques. ML and AIR were scored from 1 to 4. Results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA, Duncan’s post-hoc test and Spearman’s correlation. ML and AIR score means were: Sealer 26 - 2.44±0.98 and 2.50±0.70; AH Plus - 2.50±0.78 and 2.22±0.54; RoekoSeal - 1.84±0.95 and 2.63±0.83; Control - 2.56±1.23 and 3.11±0.60. Statistically significant differences in AIR scores were found between the AH Plus and control groups (p<0.05). Although RoekoSeal had the lowest ML means, and AH Plus, the lowest AIR means after 90-day exposure to the oral environment, no statistically significant differences were found between the three sealers under study, and no correlation was found between ML and AIR.
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Carvalho-Junior JR, Correr-Sobrinho L, Correr AB, Sinhoreti MAC, Consani S, Sousa-Neto MD. Radiopacity of root filling materials using digital radiography. Int Endod J 2007; 40:514-20. [PMID: 17511790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate radiopacity of root filling materials using digital radiography. METHODOLOGY The sealers tested were AH Plus, Endofill, EndoREZ and Epiphany. Gutta-percha (Dentsply Maillefer) and Resilon cones were also tested. Acrylic plates, containing six wells, measuring 1 mm in depth and 5 mm in diameter, were prepared for the test, and filled with the materials. The test samples were radiographed together with an aluminium stepwedge calibrated in millimetres, according to ANSI/ADA Specification 57. For the radiographic exposures, digital imaging plates and an X-ray machine at 70 kVp and 8 mA were used. The object-to-focus distance was 30 cm, and the exposure time, 0.2 s. After the laser optic reading process, the software determined the radiopacity of the standardized areas, using grey-scale values, calculating the average radiographic density for each material. RESULTS The decreasing values of radiopacity of the studied materials, expressed in millimetres of aluminium equivalent, were: Resilon (13.0), AH Plus(TM) (11.2), gutta-percha (9.8), Epiphany (8.0), Endofill (6.9) and EndoREZ (6.6). CONCLUSION All materials had radiopacity values above 3 mm of aluminium recommended by ANSI/ADA Specification 57.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Carvalho-Junior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Dental Materials, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Bertacci A, Baroni C, Breschi L, Venturi M, Prati C. The influence of smear layer in lateral channels filling. Clin Oral Investig 2007; 11:353-9. [PMID: 17574482 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-007-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the ability of a warm gutta-percha obturation system Thermafil to fill lateral channels in presence/absence of smear layer. Forty single-rooted extracted human teeth were randomly divided into two groups for which different irrigation regimens were used: group A, 5 ml of 5% NaOCl + 2.5 ml of 3.6% H(2)O(2); group B, 5 ml of 5% NaOCl 5% + 2.5 ml of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. A conventional crown-down preparation technique was employed. Obturation was performed using epoxy resin-based cement (AH Plus) and a warm gutta-percha plastic carrier system (Thermafil). Specimens were cleared in methyl salicylate and analyzed under a stereomicroscope to evaluate the number, length, and diameter of lateral channels. Lateral channels were identified in both groups at medium and apical thirds. Additional samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy inspection to confirm the presence of smear layer in group A, and the absence of smear layer in group B. All lateral channels resulted filled in both groups. No statistically significant differences regarding number, length, and diameter were observed between the two groups. Smear layer did not prevent the sealing of lateral channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Bertacci
- Endodontics Unit, Department of Oral Sciences, University of Bologna, via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy.
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Veríssimo DM, do Vale MS. Methodologies for assessment of apical and coronal leakage of endodontic filling materials: a critical review. J Oral Sci 2006; 48:93-8. [PMID: 17023739 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.48.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Apical leakage continues to be a topic of great interest, because in spite of the advances in Endodontics, clinical failures still occur. Most failures are probably attributed to the proliferation of bacteria that remain viable after chemical-mechanical preparation and cause periapical tissue irritation. Coronal leakage has aroused researchers' interest over the last few years, since canals may be re-contaminated after loss of coronal sealing or fracture of the remaining tooth. In this review, the various methodologies used for assessing root canal sealing capacity are critically analyzed, as they are not standardized, which makes it difficult to compare the results obtained when different methodologies are used, even though the same substrate is being assessed.
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Rahde NDM, Figueiredo JAP, Oliveira EPM. Influence of calcium hydroxide points on the quality of intracanal dressing filling. J Appl Oral Sci 2006; 14:219-23. [PMID: 19089077 PMCID: PMC4327201 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572006000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the quality of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] paste filling (Ultracal, Ultradent) associated or not with Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points (Calcium Hydroxide Plus Points™, Roeko) in curved root canals. Material and Methods One hundred and twenty roots of extracted human teeth, randomly divided into three curvature ranges (mild - 0 to 14°; moderate - 15° to 29°; severe - >30°) were used. After chemomechanical preparation, the roots were assigned to 4 groups (n=30), according to the technique of intracanal dressing placement: group 1 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral; group 2 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal; group 3 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a Navitip™ tip (supplied with Ultracal system); group 4 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a Navitip™ tip and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal. The roots were cleared and the quality of apical third filling was assessed by a calibrated experienced examiner. The specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy and scored 1 to 4 (i.e., from inadequate to complete root canal filling). The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test at 5% significance level. Results There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the curvature degrees in groups 1, 3 and 4. Severely curved roots in group 2 presented bordering significance (p=0.05). The groups that associated the use of Ca(OH)2 paste and points (2 and 4) showed better apical filling than the other groups, but this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) only for roots with severe curvature. Conclusion According to the results of this study, the curvature degree did not influence the quality of filling. The techniques that used Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points yielded better filling of the apical third in roots with severe curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole de Mello Rahde
- Program in Endodontics, Brazilian Dental Association (ABO-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Pappen AF, Bravo M, Gonzalez-Lopez S, Gonzalez-Rodriguez MP. An in vitro study of coronal leakage after intraradicular preparation of cast-dowel space. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 94:214-8. [PMID: 16126073 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Coronal leakage can produce contamination of periapical tissues, resulting in endodontic failure. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of 2 sealers to prevent coronal leakage in canals filled with gutta-percha and prepared for cast dowels but without coronal sealing. MATERIAL AND METHODS The crowns of 60 extracted single-rooted teeth were amputated. The root canals were prepared corono-apically and filled with gutta-percha cones and 1 of 2 different endodontic sealers: a resin-based sealer (AH Plus) and a calcium hydroxide-based sealer (Sealapex). Specimens were then stored in water for 7 days to allow the sealers to set. The specimens were prepared in 1 of 2 ways: no preparation for cast dowel or preparation of cast-dowel space (n=15). External surfaces of the roots were sealed with cyanoacrylate cement. The teeth were thermal cycled at 5 degrees and 55 degrees C in water baths (dwell time=30 seconds) for 500 cycles. Specimens were then submerged in 2% methylene blue colorant for 24 hours. Microleakage was measured according to the percentage of area stained with the colorant. Effects of each factor (cast-dowel preparation and type of sealant) on microleakage were analyzed by the Student t test (alpha=.05). RESULTS The AH Plus and Sealapex sealers with cast-dowel preparation resulted in significantly (P<.001) more leakage compared to sealers with no dowel preparation. CONCLUSION Cast dowel-space preparation had a negative influence on the sealing ability of the remnant root-canal filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Pappen
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University Federal de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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