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Comba A, Baldi A, Saratti CM, Rocca GT, Torres CRG, Pereira GKR, Valandro FL, Scotti N. Could different direct restoration techniques affect interfacial gap and fracture resistance of endodontically treated anterior teeth? Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5967-5975. [PMID: 33860368 PMCID: PMC8443477 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03902-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate different direct restoration techniques on various cavity designs in anterior endodontically treated teeth (ETT). Materials and methods Ninety upper central incisors (n = 90) were selected, endodontically treated, and divided into three groups (n = 30) accordingly to the cavity design: minimal endodontic cavity access (group A), endodontic access + mesial class III cavity (group B), and endodontic access + two class III cavities (group C). Three subgroups (n = 10) were then created accordingly to the restoration technique: nano hybrid composite restoration (subgroup a), glass fiber post + dual-cure luting cement (subgroup b), and bundled glass fiber + dual-cure luting cement (subgroup c). Samples underwent micro-CT scan, chewing simulation, and a second micro-CT scan. 3D quantification (mm3) of interfacial gap progression was performed; then, samples underwent fracture resistance test. Data were statistically analyzed setting significance at p < 0.05. Results Groups A and B showed significantly lower interfacial gap progression compared with group C. Subgroup b performed significantly better compared with subgroups a and c. Improved fracture strength was reported for group C compared with group A, while both subgroups b and c performed better than subgroup a. Conclusions Cavity design significantly influenced interfacial gap progression and fracture resistance. Fiber posts significantly lowered gap progression and improved fracture resistance while bundled fibers only increased fracture resistance. A significant reduction of non-repairable fractures was recorded when fibers were applied. Clinical relevance A minimally invasive approach, conserving marginal crests, should be applied whenever possible. Inserting a fiber post is indicated when restoring anterior ETT, in order to reduce gap progression, improve fracture resistance, and avoid catastrophic failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Comba
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Baldi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Massimo Saratti
- Division of Cariology and Endodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Tommaso Rocca
- Division of Cariology and Endodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Prosthodontics, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Felipe Luiz Valandro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Prosthodontics, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Nicola Scotti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Fragkouli M, Tzoutzas I, Eliades G. Bonding of Core Build-Up Composites with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Posts. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7040105. [PMID: 31694197 PMCID: PMC6960706 DOI: 10.3390/dj7040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the bonding capacity of composite core build-up materials with prefabricated glass fiber-reinforced posts possessing different coronal morphologies. Five post types (Archimede Line (ARL), Fibrekleer (FBK), Glassix (GLX), Matrix Plus (MTP), and ParaPost White (PRW) and three core build-up materials (ClearfilPhoto Core (CPC), ClearfilDC Core (CDC), ClearfilNew Bond (CNB) of different curing modes (light-, self-, dual-cured respectively) were selected. The coronal part was embedded in the core build-up materials and the specimens were loaded under tensile force up to failure. The reliability (β) and characteristic life (σο, in Ν) of the debonding force were evaluated by Weibull statistics and the debonded specimens were subjected to failure mode analysis. The results showed that ARL, MPT posts were the most and GLX the least retentive, despite the core build-up material used. CPC provided the highest retention with four posts (FBK, GLX, MTP, and PRW), without statistically significant differences from CDC in two (FBK and MTP) and CNB in one (PRW). CPC and CDC were the most reliable core materials for two posts (ARL and PRW), with no statistically significant difference from CNB in three (FBK, GLX, and MTP). GLX and PRW demonstrated the highest (93%) incidence of post detachment from core, whereas FBK demonstrated the highest percentage of core material fracture, with most fractures occurring in CDC (57%). Post fractures were most prominent in MTP when combined with CNB. The presence of specific coronal retentive features did not essentially ensure increased strength with the core material, due to their delamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Fragkouli
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioannis Tzoutzas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Eliades
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Almeida LND, Mendes GAM, Favarão IN, Kasuya AVB, Borges MG, Menezes MDS, Fonseca RB. Influence of preheating and post-curing on a novel fiber-reinforced composite post material. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e97. [PMID: 30379234 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of preheating and post-curing methods on diametral tensile strength (DTS), flexural strength (FS), knoop microhardness (KHN), and degree of conversion (DC) of an experimental fiber-reinforced composite (FRC). Specimens (30 wt% of 3-mm-short E-glass fiber, 22.5 wt% of methacrylated-based resin and 47.5 wt% of filler particles) were subjected to: P - photocuring at 1500 mW/cm2 for 40 s (control); P/M - photocuring and microwave post-curing (540W/5 minutes); P/A - photocuring and autoclave post-curing (120°C/15 minutes); PH-P - preheating (60°C) and photocuring; PH-P/M - preheating, photocuring and microwave post-curing; and PH-P/A - preheating, photocuring and autoclave post-curing. Specimens for DTS (Ø 3 x 6 mm) and FS (25 x 2 x 2 mm) were tested at Instron 5965. KHN employed a 50g load for 30s. DC was measured using FTIR spectroscopy. Statistical analysis employed: factorial analysis, normality test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test, independent T-test and the Dunnett test. Interaction between factors was not significant (P>0.05). Preheating promoted significantly higher values of FS and KHN (p = 0.0001). Post-curing promoted significantly higher values for KHN (p = 0.0001). For DTS (p = 0.066) and DC (p= 0.724) no statistical difference was found between groups. SEM images showed that preheating promoted better interaction between glass fibers and resin matrix. Preheating increased FS, KHN and DTS, and post-curing increased KHN. DC was not affected by both methods. Preheating and post-curing methods can be used to improve some mechanical properties of FRCs' but degree of conversion remains unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Nunes de Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Martins Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Isabella Negro Favarão
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vessoni Barbosa Kasuya
- Universidade do Oeste Paulista - Unoeste, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry School, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela Gonçalves Borges
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Sousa Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Borges Fonseca
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dentistry School, Department of Restorative and Operative Dentistry, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Irmak Ö, Yaman BC, Lee DY, Orhan EO, Mante FK, Ozer F. Flexural strength of fiber reinforced posts after mechanical aging by simulated chewing forces. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 77:135-139. [PMID: 28898724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of simulated chewing forces on the flexural strength of fiber reinforced posts (FRPs). Four different brands of FRPs were selected as main group for the study: RelyX Fiber Post (RX), IceLight (ICE), Unicore Posts (UC), FlouroPost (FP). Ten posts in each main group didn't receive any aging process and tested as baseline (BL), other ten posts were subjected to simulated chewing forces/mechanical aging (MA) as follows: Post spaces were prepared in acrylic with drill. Depth of preparation was adjusted to leave 4-mm coronal part of posts protruding from canals. Coronal parts were incrementally restored with resin-composite (Clearfil Majesty Posterior A2, Kuraray, Osaka, Japan). Prepared samples were subjected to chewing cycles in a chewing simulator (Chewing Simulator CS-4, Mechatronik, Germany). Flexural strengths of all groups were measured with three-point bending test. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). After MA, flexural strengths of all posts were significantly decreased when compared with BL for all FRPs tested (p < 0.05). At BL, highest flexural strength values were obtained for ICE. After MA, similar to BL, highest flexural strength values were obtained for ICE. Only RX showed statistically significant difference when compared with ICE (p < 0.05). UC and FP showed similar flexural strength values with ICE (p > 0.05). It may be concluded that chewing forces on post-core systems may reduce the flexural strengths of FRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Irmak
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Batu Can Yaman
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | - Ekim Onur Orhan
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Francis K Mante
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fusun Ozer
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Aksornmuang J, Chuenarrom C, Chittithaworn N. Effects of various etching protocols on the flexural properties and surface topography of fiber-reinforced composite dental posts. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:614-621. [PMID: 28566672 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural properties and surface topography of fiber posts surface-treated with various etching protocols. Seventy each of three types of fiber posts: RelyX Fiber Post, Tenax Fiber Trans, and D.T. Light-Post Illusion X-Ro, were randomly divided into 7 groups: no surface treatment, surface treated with hydrofluoric acid (HF) 4.5% for 60 s, HF 4.5% for 120 s, HF 9.6% for 15 s, HF 9.6% for 60 s, HF 9.6% for 120 s, and treated with H2O2 24% for 10 min. The specimens were then subjected to a three-point bending test. Surface topographies of the posts were observed using a SEM. The results indicate that fiber post surface pretreatments had no adverse effects on the flexural properties. However, the fiber posts treated with high HF concentrations or long etching times seemed to have more surface irregularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthatip Aksornmuang
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University
| | - Chanya Chuenarrom
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University
| | - Natjira Chittithaworn
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University
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Novais VR, Rodrigues RB, Simamoto Júnior PC, Lourenço CS, Soares CJ. Correlation between the Mechanical Properties and Structural Characteristics of Different Fiber Posts Systems. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:46-51. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength and flexural modulus of different fiber-reinforcement composite (FRC) posts and determine the correlation between mechanical properties and structural characteristics. Eleven brands of fiber posts were analyzed (n=10): Exacto Cônico (Angelus), DT Light SL (VDW), RelyX Fiber Post (3M-Espe), Glassix Radiopaque (Nordim), Para Post Fiber White (Coltène), FRC Postec Plus (Ivoclar), Aestheti-Plus Post (Bisco), Superpost Cônico Estriado (Superdont), Superpost Ultrafine (Superdont), Reforpost (Angelus), and White Post DC (FGM). The posts were loaded in three-point bending test to calculate the flexural strength and flexural modulus using a mechanical testing machine (EMIC 2000 DL) at 0.5 mm/min. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Scott-Knot test (p<0.05). The cross-sections of the posts were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Correlation between the mechanical properties and each of the structural variables was calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficients (p<0.05). The flexural strength values ranged from 493 to 835 MPa and were directly correlated with the fiber/matrix ratio (p=0.011). The flexural modulus ranged from 4500 to 8824 MPa and was inversely correlated with the number of fibers per mm2 of post (p<0.001). It was concluded that the structural characteristics significantly affected the properties of the FRC posts. The structural characteristic and mechanical properties of fiber glass posts are manufacture-dependent. A linear correlation between flexural strength and fiber/matrix ratio, as well as the flexural modulus and the amount of fiber was found.
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Pereira RD, Valdívia ADCM, Bicalho AA, Franco SD, Tantbirojn D, Versluis A, Soares CJ. Effect of Photoactivation Timing on the Mechanical Properties of Resin Cements and Bond Strength of Fiberglass Post to Root Dentin. Oper Dent 2015; 40:E206-21. [PMID: 26237639 DOI: 10.2341/14-115-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that photoactivation timing and resin cement affect mechanical properties and bond strength of fiberglass posts to root dentin at different depths. METHODS Fiberglass posts (Exacto, Angelus) were luted with RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE), Panavia F 2.0 (Kuraray), or RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) using three photoactivation timings: light curing immediately, after three minutes, or after five minutes. Push-out bonding strength, PBS (n=10) was measured on each root region (coronal, middle, apical). The elastic modulus (E) and Vickers hardness (VHN) of the cement layer along the root canal were determined using dynamic indentation (n=5). A strain-gauge test was used to measure post-gel shrinkage of each cement (n=10). Residual shrinkage stress was assessed with finite element analysis. Data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance in a split-plot arrangement and a Tukey test (α=0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence of study factors. RESULTS The five-minute delay photoactivation timing significantly increased the PBS for all resin cements evaluated. The PBS decreased significantly from coronal to apical root canal regions. The mean values for E and VHN increased significantly with the delayed photoactivation for RelyX Unicem and decreased from coronal to apical root regions for all resin cements with the immediate-curing timing. CONCLUSIONS The PBS of fiber posts to root dentin, E, and VHN values were affected by the root canal region, photoactivation timing, and resin cement type. Shrinkage stress values decreased gradually with delayed photoactivation for all the cements.
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Castro CG, Santana FR, Roscoe MG, Simamoto PC, Santos-Filho PCF, Soares CJ. Fracture resistance and mode of failure of various types of root filled teeth. Int Endod J 2012; 45:840-7. [PMID: 22486728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate ex vivo the influence of the post system on fracture resistance and failure mode of root filled incisor, canine, premolar and molar teeth. METHODOLOGY Eighty human teeth were divided into eight groups (n = 10) resulting from the interaction between the two study factors: post system (glass fibre post; cast Ni-Cr alloy post and core) and type of tooth (maxillary incisors, maxillary canines, maxillary premolars and mandibular molars). All roots were prepared with a 2-mm ferrule and restored with metal crown. Fracture resistance (N) was assessed in a mechanical testing device, and the data were analysed by two-way anova (4 × 2) followed by Tukey's test (α = 0.05). The failure mode was evaluated using an optical stereomicroscope and classified according to the location of the failure. Failure mode data were analysed by two-factor anova and Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests (α = 0.05). Correlation between fracture resistance and failure mode was analysed by linear regression. RESULTS Glass fibre and cast posts and cores had similar fracture resistance, regardless of the type of tooth. Canines and molars had significantly higher fracture resistance (P < 0.001) than premolars. Incisors teeth had significantly lower fracture resistance (P < 0.001) than premolars. The fracture mode for incisors, premolars and molars was more amenable to restoration when the teeth were restored with glass fibre posts. Fracture resistance had no correlation with fracture mode, regardless of the post system and type of tooth analysed. CONCLUSIONS Post system had no significant effect on fracture resistance, regardless of the type of tooth. The mode of fracture was more restorable with glass fibre posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Castro
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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