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Hamed SA, Shabayek S, Hassan HY. Biofilm elimination from infected root canals using four different single files. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:660. [PMID: 36585632 PMCID: PMC9805083 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most commonly isolated bacterium from infected root canals. It is found in the form of a biofilm, which makes it more resistant to antimicrobials, and requires optimal chemomechanical strategies to maximize root canal disinfection. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of 4 different endodontic file systems against E. faecalis biofilm growth in root canals using colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). METHODS Eighty-five extracted human mandibular premolars with straight root canals and apical diameters not larger than the #15 K-file were randomly selected. After performing a pilot study (n = 15) to determine the ideal incubation period for E. faecalis biofilm development, sixty-five root canals were infected with E. faecalis, incubated for 3 weeks, and then mechanically prepared using one of four single files (XP-endo Shaper, Hyflex EDM, One Curve, and Fanta. AFTM F One) (n = 15). Five infected root canals were excluded for the positive control. Five non-contaminated root canals were included for the negative control. Samples were collected using sterile paper points pre- and post-instrumentation to determine the bacterial load (CFU/mL). Root canals from each group were topographically evaluated at the coronal, middle, and apical segments using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bacterial reduction data were estimated and statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (post hoc test) (P ≤ .05). RESULTS XP-endo Shaper, Hyflex DEM, and One Curve significantly could eradicate E. faecalis biofilms in infected root canals with no significant difference among them compared to Fanta. AF™ F One. CONCLUSION None of the systems were capable of completely eliminating biofilms. XP-endo Shaper, Hyflex EDM, and One Curve mechanically eliminated E. faecalis biofilms compared to Fanta. AF™ F One from infected root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Hamed
- grid.33003.330000 0000 9889 5690Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sarah Shabayek
- grid.33003.330000 0000 9889 5690Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hayam Y. Hassan
- grid.33003.330000 0000 9889 5690Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Ghoddusi J, Arian E, Golmohammadi M, Gharechahi M, Moushekhian S. Intratubular Enterococcus faecalis viability assessment following root canal instrumentation with rotary and reciprocating systems via fluorescence microscopy. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 14:214-217. [PMID: 33575009 PMCID: PMC7867686 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2020.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The present in vitro study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the WaveOne and ProTaper Gold systems in removing the Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.
Methods. Thirty-eight mandibular premolars were selected. The root canals were assigned to standard control (canals serially enlarged with ProTaper Gold S1-S2-F1-F2, n=15) and experimental (canals enlarged with Primary WaveOne file, n=15) groups. Following the instrumentation procedure, the root canals underwent a sampling procedure, and the colonyforming unit (CFU) counts were determined. The samples were also evaluated under a fluorescent microscope to evaluate viable bacteria. The data were analyzed using independent samples t test and paired samples t test.
Results. The results showed that, compared with the ProTaper group, the WaveOne group exhibited the least viable bacteria (P =0.004).
Conclusion. It was concluded that comparison with the ProTaper Gold rotary system, the WaveOne reciprocating file is more successful in reducing intratubular viable bacteria counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Ghoddusi
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arian
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- Department of Endodontics, Khorasan Shomali University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Maryam Gharechahi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Siavash Moushekhian
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
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Fernandes KGC, Silva BBD, Boer NC, Mandarini DR, Moreti LCT, Kato AS, Bueno CEDS, Limoeiro AGDS, Pinheiro SL, Martin ASD, Fontana CE. The Effectiveness of Three Irrigation Systems in the Enterococcus faecalis Reduction after Instrumentation with a Reciprocating Instrument. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:539-543. [PMID: 32898871 PMCID: PMC7535969 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of three irrigation systems: EndoActivator, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Easy Clean in the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis, after instrumentation with the reciprocating system, through microbiological collection and culture method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 extracted human lower premolars were used and standardized at 16 mm in length. The teeth were accessed, contaminated with E. faecalis, and incubated for 21 days at 37°C. Initial collections (S1) were made with an absorbent paper cone to confirm the contamination; subsequently, instrumentation was performed with WaveOne Primary. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the final irrigation protocol (n = 15): group 1. EndoActivator; group 2, PUI; group 3, Easy Clean; and group 4, control group irrigated with saline solution sterile and without agitation. In the final irrigation, the agitation of the 17% ethylene amine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) solutions was used, then 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); in both for this, three cycles of 20 seconds each. After the chemical-mechanical preparation and agitation of the irrigating solutions, the final collections (S2) for counting the colony-forming units (CFU/mL) occurred. RESULTS The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that all the agitation systems reduced by 100% and the control group by 65.7%. CONCLUSION The control group presented a significantly higher amount of CFU/mL after the chemical-mechanical preparation than the other groups, which were similar to each other (p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Augusto Shoji Kato
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Luiz Pinheiro
- Department of Endodontics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sigrist De Martin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fontana
- Department of Endodontics, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pinheiro SL, Silva CCD, Silva LAD, Cicotti MP, Bueno CEDS, Fontana CE, Pagrion LR, Dalmora NP, Daque TT, Campos FUD. Antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine, and ozonated water as irrigants in mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars. Eur J Dent 2019; 12:94-99. [PMID: 29657531 PMCID: PMC5883483 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_324_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine, and ozonated water on biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans in mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars. Materials and Methods This was an experimental ex vivo study in microbiologic laboratory. Sixty mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars were contaminated with standard strains of E. faecalis, S. mutans, and C. albicans. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15) according to irrigating solution: SH: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; CH: 2% chlorhexidine; O3: ozonated water; and control: double-distilled water. The mesiobuccal root canals of all groups were instrumented with the WaveOne Gold Primary reciprocating system. Three cycles of instrumentation with three short in-and-out brushing motions were performed: (1) in the coronal third, (2) in the middle third, and (3) in the apical third of the canal. A ProGlider file was used before the first cycle. Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test. Samples were collected for viable bacterial counts before and after instrumentation. Results All groups showed significant biofilm reduction after irrigation (P < 0.01). After instrumentation, sodium hypochlorite (98.07%), chlorhexidine (98.31%), and ozonated water (98.02%) produced a significantly reduction in bacterial counts compared with double-distilled water (control, 72.98%) (P < 0.01). Conclusion All irrigants tested in this study showed similar antimicrobial activity. Thus, ozonated water may be an option for microbial reduction in the root canal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Luiz Pinheiro
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar da Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Augusto da Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina P Cicotti
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Fontana
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia R Pagrion
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália P Dalmora
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís T Daque
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Üreyen Kaya B, Erik CE, Sesli Çetin E, Köle M, Maden M. Mechanical reduction in intracanalEnterococcus faecaliswhen using three different single-file systems: anex vivocomparative study. Int Endod J 2018; 52:77-85. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Üreyen Kaya
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
| | - C. E. Erik
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
| | - E. Sesli Çetin
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
| | - M. Köle
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
| | - M. Maden
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
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Pinheiro SL, Azenha GR, Democh YM, Nunes DC, Provasi S, Fontanetti GM, Duarte DA, Fontana CE, da Silveira Bueno CE. Antimicrobial Activity of Photodynamic Therapy Against Enterococcus faecalis Before and After Reciprocating Instrumentation in Permanent Molars. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:646-651. [PMID: 27564995 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis of photodynamic therapy applied before and after reciprocating instrumentation of permanent molars. BACKGROUND Apical extrusion of debris can cause flare-ups due to introduction of bacteria into the periapical tissues. METHODS Eighteen mesial roots from permanent mandibular molars were selected. The crowns were removed to obtain a standard root length of 15 mm. The included mesial roots had an angulation of 10°-40° and canals with independent foramina. The orifice of each mesiolingual canal was sealed with light-curing resin, and the working length was established visually, 1 mm short of the apical foramen. The roots were rendered impermeable and sterilized, and the mesiobuccal canals were contaminated with a standard strain of E. faecalis for 21 days. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): G1, photodynamic therapy performed before instrumentation and irrigation with 0.9% NaCl (saline) solution; G2, photodynamic therapy performed after instrumentation and irrigation with 0.9% NaCl; and G3 (control), instrumentation and irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) solution. Canals were shaped with a WaveOne primary file (25.08) and irrigated with 0.9% NaCl. E. faecalis samples were collected before and after each procedure, and the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS Significant reductions in E. faecalis were observed when photodynamic therapy was performed before and after instrumentation of the root canal system (p < 0.05). Reciprocating instrumentation significantly reduced E. faecalis colonies in experimentally contaminated root canal systems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Photodynamic therapy was effective in removing E. faecalis from the root canal system, whether performed before or after reciprocating instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Rodrigues Azenha
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Marialva Democh
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Camila Nunes
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Provasi
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Masiero Fontanetti
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Antônio Duarte
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fontana
- School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas-PUC-Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vossoghi M, Vossoghi M, Shahriari S, Faramarzi F, Yousefi Mashouf R, Farhadian M. Efficacy of a Novel Rotary System in Reduction of Intracanal Bacteria: An in Vitro Study. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2016; 11:219-22. [PMID: 27471535 PMCID: PMC4947848 DOI: 10.7508/iej.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: This in vitro study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a single-file rotary system (OneShape) in reduction of intracanal bacteria. Methods and Materials: Eighty one single-rooted mandibular first premolars with single canals were used. Six samples were selected as aseptic control group. Seventy five remaining specimens were infected by Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 72 h at 37°C. Then they were randomly divided into three groups (n=25). In each group, cleaning and shaping procedures were done using either two conventional rotary systems (ProTaper and iRace), or the single-file system (OneShape). Microbial samples from the intracanal environment were taken by paper points in two steps, before and after instrumentation. Then, they were diluted and plated in blood agar. In order to compare bacterial reduction and turbidity, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used followed by the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests for pairwise comparison. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The control group didn’t show any bacterial growth. The pre- and post-instrumentation samples were significantly different between three groups (P=0.02). Hence, there was no significant differences between turbidity of samples (P>0.05). Conclusion: OneShape system is efficient in bacterial reduction. In this regard ProTaper is the most effective system in intracanal bacterial reduction followed by iRaCe and OneShape, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Vossoghi
- Prosthodontics Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mitra Vossoghi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahriari
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Farhad Faramarzi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Yousefi Mashouf
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
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Anand S, Rajan M, Venkateshbabu N, Kandaswamy D, Shravya Y, Rajeswari K. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Azadirachta Indica, Commiphora Myrrha, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Against Enterococcus Faecalis using Real Time PCR. Open Dent J 2016; 10:160-5. [PMID: 27386000 PMCID: PMC4911734 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the antibacterial efficacy of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice) with 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) against E. faecalis by using Real Time PCR. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of fifty teeth specimens (n=50) were inoculated with E. faecalis for 21 days. Specimens were divided into five groups (Group 1: Myrrh, Group 2: Neem, Group 3: Liquorice, Group 4: 2% CHX and Group 5: Saline (negative control)). The intracanal medicaments were packed inside the tooth. After 5 days, the remaining microbial load was determined by using real time PCR. RESULTS Threshold cycle (Ct) values of Myrrh extract, Neem extract, Liquorice Extract, 2% CHX and saline were found to be 30.94, 23.85, 21.38, 30.93 and 17.8 respectively. CONCLUSION Myrrh extract showed inhibition of E.faecalis equal to that of 2% CHX followed by Neem, Liquorice and Saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Anand
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
Penang International Dental College, Jalan Bagan Laur,12000, Butterworth,
Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mathan Rajan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
Faculty of Dental Sciences,
Sri Ramachandra University,
Chennai, 600 116,
India
| | - Nagendrababu Venkateshbabu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry,
School of Dentistry,
International Medical University,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Deivanayagam Kandaswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
Faculty of Dental Sciences,
Sri Ramachandra University,
Chennai, 600 116,
India
| | - Yarramreddy Shravya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
Faculty of Dental Sciences,
Sri Ramachandra University,
Chennai, 600 116,
India
| | - Kalaiselvam Rajeswari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
Faculty of Dental Sciences,
Sri Ramachandra University,
Chennai, 600 116,
India
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Plotino G, Cortese T, Grande NM, Leonardi DP, Di Giorgio G, Testarelli L, Gambarini G. New Technologies to Improve Root Canal Disinfection. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:3-8. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Effective irrigant delivery and agitation are prerequisites to promote root canal disinfection and debris removal and improve successful endodontic treatment. This paper presents an overview of the currently available technologies to improve the cleaning of the endodontic space and their debridement efficacy. A PubMed electronic search was conducted with appropriate key words to identify the relevant literature on this topic. After retrieving the full-text articles, all the articles were reviewed and the most appropriate were included in this review. Several different systems of mechanical activation of irrigants to improve endodontic disinfection were analysed: manual agitation with gutta-percha cones, endodontic instruments or special brushes, vibrating systems activated by low-speed hand-pieces or by sonic or subsonic energy, use of ultrasonic or laser energy to mechanically activate the irrigants and apical negative pressure irrigation systems. Furthermore, this review aims to describe systems designed to improve the intracanal bacterial decontamination by a specific chemical action, such as ozone, direct laser action or light-activated disinfection. The ultrasonic activation of root canal irrigants and of sodium hypochlorite in particular still remains the gold standard to which all other systems of mechanical agitation analyzed in this article were compared. From this overview, it is evident that the use of different irrigation systems can provide several advantages in the clinical endodontic outcome and that integration of new technologies, coupled with enhanced techniques and materials, may help everyday clinical practice.
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Plotino G, Grande N. Nuove tecnologie per il miglioramento della disinfezione canalare. DENTAL CADMOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(15)30079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Evaluation of Instrumentation Systems in Reducing E. Faecalis from Root Canals: TF Adaptive and ProTaper Next Versus Single File Systems. Int J Artif Organs 2015; 38:161-4. [PMID: 25867700 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the effect of the TF Adaptive, ProTaper Next, OneShape, WaveOne, Reciproc, (SAF) on the reduction of E. faecalis in experimentally infected root canals. Materials and Methods 70 human mandibular incisor teeth with straight roots and single root canals were selected for this experiment and the root canals of the selected teeth were infected with E. faecalis. After contamination, all the root canals were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, ProTaper Next, TF Adaptive, SAF, WaveOne, Reciproc, and OneShape. After the irrigation procedures, samples were taken from root canals with paper points and incubated in blood agar plates. The colonies grown on the blood agar were counted and interpreted as colony forming units per milliliter. Results Analysis of results showed that all instrumentation systems were more effective in reducing the number of bacteria than the control ( P<.001). The ProTaper Next, TF Adaptive, WaveOne, Reciproc, and OneShape systems were significantly more effective than the SAF system in reducing E. faecalis within the root canals ( P<.001). Conclusions All instrumentation systems used in this study provided a significant reduction in bacterial populations.
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Moshari AA, Akhlaghi NM, Rahimifard N, Darmiani S. Reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in curved root canals after various sizes and tapers of canal preparation. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:306-9. [PMID: 26180416 PMCID: PMC4502127 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.159733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in curved root canals after various sizes and tapers of the canal preparation. Materials and Methods: Mandibular first molars (n = 103) with curved mesiobuccal canals were divided into one control (n = 5) and 7 experimental (n = 14) groups, were inoculated with E. faecalis (ATTC 29212) and prepared with the following RaCe files (FKG Dentaire) as master apical file: Groups: 25.04, 25.06, 30.04, 30.06, 35.04, 35.06 and 40.06. All the experimental groups were irrigated with 2 mL of 1% sodium hypochlorite during instrumentation and finally rinsed with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (2 mL) followed by 5.25% NaOCl (2 mL) and sterile distilled water. Colony counting was performed after incubation. Statistical Analysis Used: Resulting data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test, (P < 0.05). Results and Conclusions: All the experimental groups showed significant bacterial reduction (P < 0.001). Although the greater the size/taper or both led to more decreased amount of bacteria, differences between the groups with the identical size and different tapers, and among the groups with the same taper and different sizes were not significant. Based on this study, 25.04 along with using 2 mL of 1% NaOCl during instrumentation, and using 17% EDTA and 5.25% NaOCl as final rinse successively after the termination of preparation, can effectively reduce intra-canal bacteria and preserve root structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Moshari
- Department of Endodontic, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Rahimifard
- Food and Drug Control Laboratories, Food and Drug Laboratories Research Centre, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Darmiani
- Dental Research Center Department, Dental Faculty, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Tewari RK, Ali S, Mishra SK, Kumar A, Andrabi SMUN, Zoya A, Alam S. Mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population by Hyflex CM, K3XF, ProTaper Next, and two manual instrument systems: an in vitro comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:168-73. [PMID: 25424649 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, the effectiveness of three rotary and two manual nickel titanium instrument systems on mechanical reduction of the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis population was evaluated. METHODS Mandibular premolars with straight roots were selected. Teeth were decoronated and instrumented until 20 K file and irrigated with physiological saline. After sterilization by ethylene oxide gas, root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups for canal instrumentation: Manual Nitiflex and Hero Shaper nickel titanium files, and rotary Hyflex CM, ProTaper Next, and K3XF nickel titanium files. Intracanal bacterial sampling was done before and after instrumentation. After serial dilution, samples were plated onto the Mitis Salivarius agar. The c.f.u. grown were counted, and log10 transformation was calculated. RESULTS All instrumentation systems significantly reduced the intracanal bacterial population after root canal preparation. ProTaper Next was found to be significantly more effective than Hyflex CM and manual Nitiflex and Hero Shaper. However, ProTaper Next showed no significant difference with K3XF. CONCLUSION Canal instrumentation by all the file systems significantly reduced the intracanal Enterococcus faecalis counts. ProTaper Next was found to be most effective in reducing the number of bacteria than other rotary or hand instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra K Tewari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra K Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Mukhtar-Un-Nisar Andrabi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asma Zoya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sharique Alam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dr Z.A. Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nabeshima CK, Caballero-Flores H, Cai S, Aranguren J, Borges Britto ML, Machado MEDL. Bacterial removal promoted by 2 single-file systems: Wave One and One Shape. J Endod 2014; 40:1995-8. [PMID: 25149120 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Different single-file systems are available for endodontic treatment; however, comparative studies are scarce. Thus, the present study evaluated bacterial reduction promoted by 2 single-file systems: Wave One (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and One Shape (Micromega, Besancon, France). METHODS Forty-five distobuccal root canals of upper molars sterilized with ethylene oxide were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days, and then root canal initial bacterial sample was collected with paper cones and plated on M-enterococcus agar. The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups according to instrumentation (n = 15): Wave One, One Shape, and the crown-down manual technique (control group). The other 6 specimens without contamination were control asepsis. After instrumentation, samples were collected with the use of scraping and paper cones. The bacterial reduction was calculated, and then intragroup analysis was performed using the paired t test and intergroup analysis using analysis of variance (both at 5% significance). RESULTS All techniques significantly reduced the number of bacteria in the root canal (P < .05), with no significant difference between them (P > .05). The aseptic control group did not show any bacterial growth. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the single-file systems Wave One and One Shape significantly reduce the bacterial number in the root canal and that there is no significant difference in their bacterial reduction abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleber Keiti Nabeshima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hector Caballero-Flores
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana Cai
- Derpartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Aranguren
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rey Juan Carlos of Madrid University, Madrid, ES-M, Spain
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15
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Khademi AA, Saleh M, Khabiri M, Jahadi S. Stability of antibacterial activity of Chlorhexidine and Doxycycline in bovine root dentine. J Res Pharm Pract 2014; 3:19-22. [PMID: 24991631 PMCID: PMC4078646 DOI: 10.4103/2279-042x.132705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the substantivity of chlorhexidine (CHX) and doxycycline bond to the dentin in diffusion disk method. METHODS A total of 92 dentin disks were prepared from Bovine's teeth root. After removing cementum and standardizing disks in weight and outer diameter, they were irrigated with sodium hypochlorite 2.5%, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 17% and sterile saline and sterilled in autoclave. Then, the first group (n = 36) were irrigated with chlrohexine 2% and the second group (n = 36) with doxycycline 100 mg/mL, each for a period of 10 min. The third group (n = 20) was considered as the control group. Samples were divided into four subgroups, which after 1 day, 3, 6, and 12 weeks were incubated in plates containing Muller Hinton agar broth and Enterococcus faecalis for a period of 48 h at 37°C temperature; then the diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured. The antimicrobial effect of irrigating solutions without binding to the dentin was also studied using the plate well method. One-way and univariate variance tests as well as Post-hoc Tukey were used for data analyses. FINDINGS The diameter of the zone of inhibition of doxycycline group was significantly more than the CHX group from the beginning to the 3(rd) week (P < 0.005). After 3(rd) week, mean diameter in doxycycline group declined as compared with the CHX group up to 12(th) week (P < 0.005). The difference between means in two groups was not significant in the 3(rd) week (P = 0.87). CONCLUSION The results of this study show that CHX and doxycycline show antibacterial activity for 12 weeks; although after 3(rd) week, the substantivity of CHX was significantly greater than doxycycline. Both of these irrigants can be used in other pharmacological and medical fields whenever a long-lasting antibacterial action is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ali Khademi
- Department of Endodontics, Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Iranian Academy of Medical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Saleh
- Department of Endodontics, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Khabiri
- Department of Endodontics, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jahadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Implant Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Cord CB, Velasco RVC, Ribeiro Melo Lima LF, Rocha DGP, da Silveira Bueno CE, Pinheiro SL. Effective analysis of the use of peracetic acid after instrumentation of root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2014; 40:1145-8. [PMID: 25069922 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of peracetic acid (PAA) in cleaning root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. METHODS Sixty first and second mandibular molars were used. Their mesiobuccal canals were prepared with the Reciproc System (VDW, Munich, Germany). The canals were irrigated with 10 mL saline during instrumentation. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 20), according to the irrigation solution to be used after instrumentation: group PAA (5 mL 1% PAA), group EDTA/sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (5 mL 17% EDTA followed by 5 mL 2.5% sodium hypochlorite), and group S (5 mL saline). Microbiological samples were collected before instrumentation and after final irrigation. Bacterial quantification was performed by counting the number of colony-forming units (CFUs/mL). The results were analyzed by the nonparametric Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS The 3 groups showed a significant reduction (P < .05) in CFUs/mL after final irrigation. PAA and NaOCl associated with EDTA produced a significantly higher reduction in CFUs/mL (P < .05) compared with saline. There was no statistically significant difference between PAA and EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the present study, the effectiveness of 1% PAA was similar to that of 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl in cleaning curved root canals contaminated with E. faecalis.
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Ferrer-Luque CM, Bejarano I, Ruiz-Linares M, Baca P. Reduction in Enteroccocus faecalis counts - a comparison between rotary and reciprocating systems. Int Endod J 2013; 47:380-6. [PMID: 23980811 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the chemomechanical reduction and regrowth of Enterococcus faecalis between rotary and reciprocating systems in root canal preparation. METHODOLOGY Seventy-six single-rooted human mandibular premolars were selected and standardized to 15 mm in length. Root canals were enlarged up to a size 25 K-file and irrigated with distilled water and then were infected with E. faecalis for 4 weeks. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n = 24) for instrumentation with Mtwo, Twisted File and WaveOne. Each group was further divided into two subgroups (n = 12) according to the irrigant used: distilled water or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Before and after rotary preparation, microbiological samples were collected using three sterilized paper points, and efficacy was expressed as reduction in percentage. The proportion of grown samples for 60 days was evaluated using nonparametric Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Differences amongst groups were tested using the log-rank test at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS In the main root canal, the percentage reduction in the distilled water and 5.25% NaOCl groups ranged from 95.9% to 100%, with no significant differences amongst the three systems (P > 0.05). The bacterial regrowth in NaOCl groups revealed that Mtwo had the lowest number of samples regrown at 60 days, giving statistically significant differences with respect to Twisted File (P = 0.029) and WaveOne (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Reciprocating and rotary systems resulted in similar percentage reduction in E. faecalis when using either distilled water or 5.25% NaOCl solution. Over time, the Mtwo system was more effective regarding disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Ferrer-Luque
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Machado MEL, Nabeshima CK, Leonardo MFP, Reis FAS, Britto MLB, Cai S. Influence of reciprocating single‐file and rotary instrumentation on bacterial reduction on infected root canals. Int Endod J 2013; 46:1083-7. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. L. Machado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - C. K. Nabeshima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M. F. P. Leonardo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - F. A. S. Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - S. Cai
- Derpartment of Microbiology Institute of Biological Science University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil
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Antibacterial Efficacy of Conventional and Single-use Ni-Ti Endodontic Instruments: An in vitro Microbiological Evaluation. Int J Artif Organs 2012; 35:826-31. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the capability of different Ni-Ti instruments in disinfecting root canals previously infected with E. faecalis. Methods 60 single-rooted, freshly extracted teeth were selected, sterilized and inoculated with cells of E. faecalis strain. All root canals were shaped with different Ni-Ti instruments (MTwo, Revo-S, Reciproc, and OneShape) under irrigation with NaOCl and 17% EDTA solutions by the same trained operator. The number of Colony Forming Units (CFU)/ml of E. faecalis was evaluated for each group. Numeric data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results MTwo, REVO-S, Reciproc and OneShape reported significantly lower CFU/ml values and showed no significant differences among them (p>0.05). All groups showed significantly higher CFU/ml values than not treated samples (negative control). Conclusions All the Ni-Ti instrumentation efficiently reduced E. faecalis counts and no significant differences were found among them. Single-use files can offer antibacterial results comparable with traditional instruments.
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