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Lv X, Luo C, Wu J, Huang Y, Quan J, Gong Q, Tong Z. Integration of single-cell RNA sequencing of endothelial cells and proteomics to unravel the role of ICAM1-PTGS2 communication in apical periodontitis: A laboratory investigation. Int Endod J 2024; 57:1228-1246. [PMID: 38713190 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM Endothelial cells (EDs) play a key role in angiogenesis and are associated with granulomatous lesions in patients with chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). This study aimed to investigate the diversity of EDs using single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) and to evaluate the regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) on the ferroptosis-related protein, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), in CAP. METHODOLOGY EDs from the uploaded scRNA-seq data of five CAP samples (GSE181688 and GSE197680) were categorized using distinct marker genes. The interactions between vein EDs (veinEndo) and other cell types were analysed using CellPhoneDB. Differentially expressed proteins in the proteomics of human umbilical vein EDs (HUVECs) and THP-1-derived macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis were compared with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of VeinEndo in scRNA-seq of CAP versus healthy control periodontal tissues. The protein-protein interaction of ICAM1-PTGS2 in macrophages and HUVECs was validated by adding recombinant ICAM1, ICAM1 inhibitor and PTGS2 inhibitor using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS EDs in patients with CAP were divided into eight subclusters: five vein ED, capillaries, arterials and EC (PLA). There were 29 mutually upregulated DEGs and two mutually downregulated DEGs in vein cells in the scRNA-seq data, as well as differentially expressed proteins in the proteomics of HUVECs. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that ICAM1 and PTGS2 were highly expressed in CAP, infected HUVECs, and macrophages. Recombinant protein ICAM1 may improve PTGS2 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Fe2+ levels and decrease glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and SLC7A11 protein levels. ICAM1 inhibitor may inverse the above changes. CONCLUSIONS scRNA-seq revealed the diversity of EDs in CAP and identified the possible regulation of ICAM1 by the ferroptosis-related protein, PTGS2, in infected HUVECs and macrophages, thus providing a basis for therapeutic approaches that target the inflammatory microenvironment of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Lv
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiting Luo
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Quan
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qimei Gong
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongchun Tong
- Hosiptal of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Roi C, Negruțiu ML, Roi A, Riviș M, Luca RE, Raica M, Ceaușu RA, Motofelea AC, Gaje PN. Human Periapical Odontogenic Granulomas: Aspects of Microvessel Density (MVD), Heterogeneity of Blood Vessels and Mast Cells Density (MCD). Biomedicines 2023; 11:2709. [PMID: 37893083 PMCID: PMC10603906 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periapical odontogenic granulomas are among the most encountered pathology that involve the alveolar bone, with severe consequences such as bone resorption, the presence of inflammatory infiltrate and the formation of abnormal vascularization. The present study aimed to quantify the existence of the microvessel density (MVD), mast cell density (MCD) and heterogeneity of the encountered blood vessels. A total of 37 patients diagnosed with odontogenic periapical granulomas were included, and the gender distribution, age and localization of the pathological lesions was assessed. After the surgical removal of the periapical odontogenic granuloma, the collected tissue was fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Primary processing, morphological analysis and immunohistochemical staining was performed in order to characterize the altered tissue. The results outlined the presence of a high number of mast cells, especially in the area of the inflamed tissue; the high heterogeneity of the blood vessels; and increased MVD with positive CD34. The conclusions of the study focus on the key role of the mast cells and their implication in the initiation and development of the angiogenesis process, triggering the inflammatory response of the host. Nevertheless, periapical odontogenic granulomas develop as an inflammatory response to the interaction between the host's immune system and microbial invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian Roi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Meda Lavinia Negruțiu
- Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Alexandra Roi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Mircea Riviș
- Department of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ruxandra Elena Luca
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Dental Emergencies, The Interdisciplinary Center for Dental Medical Research, Lasers and Innovative Technologies, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.); (R.A.C.); (P.N.G.)
| | - Raluca Amalia Ceaușu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.); (R.A.C.); (P.N.G.)
| | - Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Pușa Nela Gaje
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.); (R.A.C.); (P.N.G.)
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Bansal D, Kamboj M, Narwal A, Devi A, Marwah N. Interplay of collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts: a comparative polarizing microscopic and immunohistochemical study. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e12. [PMID: 35284324 PMCID: PMC8891460 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This pilot study aimed to establish the interrelationship between collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts. Materials and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on the paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 68 specimens (34 periapical granulomas and 34 periapical cysts). The specimens were stained with picrosirius to observe collagen fiber birefringence and anti-tryptase antibody to evaluate the mast cell count immunohistochemically. The mean number and birefringence of collagen fibers, as well as the mean number of mast cells (total, granulated, and degranulated), and the mean inflammatory cell density were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). Results The mean number of thick collagen fibers was higher in periapical cysts, while that of thin fibers was higher in granulomas (p = 0.00). Cysts emitted orange-yellow to red birefringence, whereas periapical granulomas had predominantly green fibers (p = 0.00). The mean inflammatory cell density was comparable in all groups (p = 0.129). The number of total, degranulated, and granulated mast cells exhibited significant results (p = 0.00) in both groups. Thick cyst fibers showed significant inverse correlations with inflammation and degranulated mast cells (p = 0.041, 0.04 respectively). Conclusions Mast cells and inflammatory cells influenced the nature of collagen fiber formation and its birefringence. This finding may assist in the prediction of the nature, pathogenesis, and biological behavior of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepty Bansal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Mala Kamboj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Anjali Narwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Anju Devi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Nisha Marwah
- Department of Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Pt B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Translational View in Oral Non-Communicable Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010085. [PMID: 33445558 PMCID: PMC7826734 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are vital regulators of angiogenesis that are expressed in response to soluble mediators, such as cytokines and growth factors. Their physiologic functions include blood vessel formation, regulation of vascular permeability, stem cell and monocyte/macrophage recruitment and maintenance of bone homeostasis and repair. In addition, angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in chronic pathologic conditions, such as tumorigenesis, inflammatory immune diseases and bone loss. According to their prevalence, morbidity and mortality, inflammatory diseases affecting periodontal tissues and oral cancer are relevant non-communicable diseases. Whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered one of the most common cancers worldwide, destructive inflammatory periodontal diseases, on the other hand, are amongst the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humans and also represent the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In the recent years, while knowledge regarding the role of VEGF signaling in common oral diseases is expanding, new potential translational applications emerge. In the present narrative review we aim to explore the role of VEGF signaling in oral cancer and destructive periodontal inflammatory diseases, with emphasis in its translational applications as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Bergamini ML, Mardegan AP, DE Rosa CS, Palmieri M, Sarmento DJDS, Hiraki KRN, Costa ALF, HassÉus B, Jonasson P, Braz-Silva PH. Presence of langerhans cells, regulatory T cells (Treg) and mast cells in asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e108. [PMID: 32876121 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis is essentially an inflammatory disease of microbial aetiology. Association and function of the cell components involved, or specific inductive factors and growth mediators associated with development, maintenance and resolution of the periapical lesions are still unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of Regulatory T cells (FoxP3+; Treg), Langerhans cells (CD1a+; LC) and mast cells in asymptomatic apical periodontitis. 73 cases were selected: 30 periapical granulomas, 29 radicular cysts and 14 residual cysts. All groups were submitted to morphological analysis for classification of inflammatory infiltrate and thickness of the epithelial lining as well as to immunohistochemical analysis for detection of LC and Treg cells. Toluidine blue staining was used for detecting mast cells. Analysis showed higher mean numbers of LC (8.2 cells/0.2mm2), and Treg cells in radicular cysts (5.910 cells/0.2mm2). As for mast cells, it was found that radicular cysts had a higher mean number of these cells compared to other periapical lesions (12.68 cells/0.2mm2). The association between thickness of the epithelial lining and inflammatory cells showed that the presence of hypertrophic epithelium in radicular cysts presented higher density of LC. The number of LC and Treg cells play an important role in the control of the inflammatory micro-environment in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts, respectively. The presence of mast cells in radicular cysts may be associated with progression of the lesion. Knowledge regarding the inflammatory cell profile is therefore essential for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of asymptomatic periapical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Lobo Bergamini
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Pinto Mardegan
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Palmieri
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Renata Nakamura Hiraki
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Bengt HassÉus
- Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Jonasson
- Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Naderi N, Griffin MF, Mosahebi A, Butler PE, Seifalian AM. Adipose derived stem cells and platelet rich plasma improve the tissue integration and angiogenesis of biodegradable scaffolds for soft tissue regeneration. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2005-2013. [PMID: 32072400 PMCID: PMC7688190 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current surgical reconstruction for soft tissue replacement involves lipotransfer to restore soft tissue replacements but is limited by survival and longevity of the fat tissue. Alternative approaches to overcome these limitations include using biodegradable scaffolds with stem cells with growth factors to generate soft tissue. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) offer great potential to differentiate into adipose, and can be delivered using biodegradable scaffolds. However, the optimal scaffold to maximise this approach is unknown. This study investigates the biocompatibility of nanocomposite scaffolds (POSS-PCL) to deliver ADSCs with and without the addition of growth factors using platelet rich plasma (PRP) in vivo. Rat ADSCs were isolated and then seeded on biodegradable scaffolds (POSS-PCL). In addition, donor rats were used to isolate PRP to modify the scaffolds. The implants were then subcutaneously implanted for 3-months to assess the effect of PRP and ADSC on POSS-PCL scaffolds biocompatibility. Histology after explanation was examined to assess tissue integration (H&E) and collagen production (Massons Trichome). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess angiogenesis (CD3, α-SMA), immune response (CD45, CD68) and adipose formation (PPAR-γ). At 3-months PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds demonstrated significantly increased tissue integration and angiogenesis compared to PRP, ADSC and unmodified scaffolds (p < 0.05). In addition, PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds showed similar levels of CD45 and CD68 staining compared to unmodified scaffolds. Furthermore, there was increased PPAR-γ staining demonstrated at 3-months with PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds (p < 0.05). POSS-PCL nanocomposite scaffolds provide an effective delivery system for ADSCs. PRP and ADSC work synergistically to enhance the biocompatibility of POSS-PCL scaffolds and provide a platform technology for soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Naderi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - M F Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK. .,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK. .,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK.
| | - A Mosahebi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - P E Butler
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - A M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Director/Professor Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, NanoRegMed Ltd, London, UK
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Griffin MF, Naderi N, Kalaskar DM, Seifalian AM, Butler PE. Argon plasma surface modification promotes the therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue formation of tissue-engineered scaffolds in vivo by adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:110. [PMID: 30922398 PMCID: PMC6440049 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synthetic implants are being used to restore injured or damaged tissues following cancer resection and congenital diseases. However, the survival of large tissue implant replacements depends on their ability to support angiogenesis that if limited, causes extrusion and infection of the implant. This study assessed the beneficial effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on synthetic biomaterials in combination with argon plasma surface modification to enhance vascularisation of tissue-engineered constructs. Methods Non-biodegradable polyurethane scaffolds were manufactured and modified with plasma surface modification using argon gas (PM). Donor rats were then used to extract ADSCs and PRP to modify the scaffolds further. Scaffolds with and without PM were modified with and without ADSCs and PRP and subcutaneously implanted in the dorsum of rats for 3 months. After 12 weeks, the scaffolds were excised and the degree of tissue integration using H&E staining and Masson’s trichrome staining, angiogenesis by CD31 and immune response by CD45 and CD68 immunohistochemistry staining was examined. Results H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining showed PM+PRP+ADSC and PM+ADSC scaffolds had the greatest tissue integration, but there was no significant difference between the two scaffolds (p < 0.05). The greatest vessel formation after 3 months was shown with PM+PRP+ADSC and PM+ADSC scaffolds using CD31 staining compared to all other scaffolds (p < 0.05). The CD45 and CD68 staining was similar between all scaffolds after 3 months showing the ADSCs or PRP had no effect on the immune response of the scaffolds. Conclusions Argon plasma surface modification enhanced the effect of adipose-derived stem cells effect on angiogenesis and tissue integration of polyurethane scaffolds. The combination of ADSCs and argon plasma modification may improve the survival of large tissue implants for regenerative applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1195-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK. .,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK. .,Charles Wolfson Center for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. .,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK.
| | - N Naderi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK
| | - D M Kalaskar
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - A M Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (Ltd), The London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - P E Butler
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Charles Wolfson Center for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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Gomes ESB, Farias LC, Silveira LH, Jesus CÍD, Rocha RGD, Ramos GV, Magalhães HTAT, Brito-Júnior M, Santos SHS, Jham BC, de Paula AMB, Guimarães ALS. Conditioned fear stress increases bone resorption in apical periodontitislesions in Wistar male rats. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 97:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Case-control study of mandibular canal branching and tooth-related inflammatory lesions. Oral Radiol 2018; 34:229-236. [PMID: 30484033 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-017-0305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Morphological variations of mandibular canals increase the risk of neurovascular damage and bleeding during surgical procedures by decreasing the predictability of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle location. To improve the predictability with such variations, the present study aimed to verify the possibility of a relationship between mandibular canal branches (MCBs) and tooth-related inflammatory lesions, using trough cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. METHODS The sample comprised 150 age and sex-matched examinations (50 cases and 100 controls) from two databases. The CBCT examinations were grouped by the presence of MCBs starting in the mandibular body regions as the outcome variable. Tooth-related inflammatory lesions and measurements of gray levels in the posterior region of the alveolar ridge were assessed in both groups. A multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to verify the relationships between MCBs and independent variables (p < 0.05). RESULTS Occurrence of tooth-related inflammatory lesions increased the risk of MCBs in the mandibular body regions (p < 0.001; OR 11.640; 95% CI 4.327-31.311). High-contrast images had a weaker association with MCBs (p = 0.002; OR 1.002; 95% CI 1.002-1.003). The most frequent tooth-related inflammatory lesions in both groups were endodontic (34 lesions; 45.94% of the total lesions). Most of the tooth-related inflammatory lesions related to MCBs were endodontic (20 cases) and combined endodontic and periodontal inflammation (20 cases). CONCLUSIONS An association was observed between MCBs in the mandibular body regions and tooth-related inflammatory lesions. Inflammatory lesions of endodontic origin are most often associated with MCBs.
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Lopes CB, Armada L, Pires FR. Comparative Expression of CD34, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, and Podoplanin and the Presence of Mast Cells in Periapical Granulomas, Cysts, and Residual Cysts. J Endod 2018; 44:1105-1109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Álvares PR, Arruda JAAD, Silva LPD, Nascimento GJFD, Silveira MFD, Sobral APV. Immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in periapical lesions. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e51. [PMID: 28678970 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) in periapical lesion samples correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and thickness of the epithelial lining. Forty-five cases of periapical lesions (23 periapical granulomas and 22 radicular cysts) were subjected to morphological and immunohistochemical analyses using anti-MMP-9 and anti-TGF-β1 antibodies. The data were analyzed using the following tests: non-parametric Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's correlation test (P<0.05). Analysis of inflammatory infiltrate revealed that 78% of periapical granulomas presented infiltrate grade III, in contrast with 32% of radicular cysts (P<0.001). Morphological evaluation of the epithelial thickness in radicular cysts revealed the presence of atrophic epithelium in 86% of the cysts. The immunostaining of MMP-9 was score 2 in 67% of the granulomas and 77% of the cysts. Both lesions were predominantly score 1 for TGF-β1. Significant differences were confirmed between the expression scores of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in periapical granulomas (p = 0.004) and in radicular cysts (p < 0.001). Expression of TGF-β1 was different for periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. This immunoregulatory cytokine seems more representative in asymptomatic lesions. The extracellular matrix remodeling process dependent on MMP-9 seems to be similar for both periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. TGF-β1 and MMP-9 may play an important role in the maintenance of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmella Recco Álvares
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Leorik Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Fonseca da Silveira
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Veras Sobral
- Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Camaragibe, PB, Brazil
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Griffin MF, Palgrave RG, Seifalian AM, Butler PE, Kalaskar DM. Enhancing tissue integration and angiogenesis of a novel nanocomposite polymer using plasma surface polymerisation, an in vitro and in vivo study. Biomater Sci 2017; 4:145-58. [PMID: 26474453 DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00265f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Current surgical reconstruction of facial defects including nose or ear involves harvesting patient's own autologous tissue, causing donor site morbidity and is limited by tissue availability. The use of alternative synthetic materials is also limited due to complications related to poor tissue integration and angiogenesis, which lead to extrusion of implants and infection. We intend to meet this clinical challenge by using a novel nanocomposite called polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane poly(carbonate-urea)urethane (POSS-PCU), which has already been successfully taken to the clinical bench-side as a replacement for trachea, tear duct and vascular by-pass graft. In this study, we aimed to enhance tissue integration and angiogenesis of POSS-PCU using an established surface treatment technique, plasma surface polymerisation (PSP), functionalising the surface using NH2 and COOH chemical groups. Physical characterisation of scaffolds was achieved by using a number of techniques, including water contact angle, SEM, AFM and XPS to study the effects of PSM modification on the POSS-PCU nanocomposite in detail, which has not been previously documented. Wettability evaluation confirmed that scaffolds become hydrophilic and AFM analysis confirmed that nano topographical alterations resulted as a consequence of PSP treatment. Chemical functionalisation was confirmed using XPS, which suggested the presence of NH2 and COOH functional groups on the scaffolds. The modified scaffolds were then tested both in vitro and in vivo to investigate the potential of PSP modified POSS-PCU scaffolds on tissue integration and angiogenesis. In vitro analysis confirmed that PSM modification resulted in higher cellular growth, proliferation and ECM production as assessed by biochemical assays and immunofluorescence. Subcutaneous implantation of modified POSS-PCU scaffolds was then carried out over 12-weeks, resulting in enhanced tissue integration and angiogenesis (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates a simple and cost effective surface modification method to overcome the current challenge of implant extrusion and infection caused by poor integration and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle F Griffin
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Robert G Palgrave
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Peter E Butler
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK. and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK
| | - Deepak M Kalaskar
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the presence and distribution of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in dentigerous cysts compared with normal dental follicles as a control tissue and to evaluate endothelial cells and proliferating cells as indicators of angiogenic activity in these tissues.Twenty specimens histologically diagnosed as dentigerous cysts and 20 dental follicle specimens were included. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti-VEGF and anti-VEGFR2 antibodies stained for the growth factor and its receptor, while anti-CD34 and anti-CD146 antibodies were used to identify endothelial cells. Anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody detected proliferating cells within the specimens. Slides were examined microscopically and results evaluated using kappa statistics, negative binomial regression and ordinal logistic regression.The mean age for patients with dentigerous cysts was 23 years and they were more common in males. Proteins for VEGF, VEGFR2, PCNA, CD34, and CD146 were expressed in all dentigerous cysts and dental follicles. VEGF and VEGFR2 were expressed on several cell types within the tissues, however there was a significantly greater percentage of positive staining in dentigerous cysts compared with dental follicles (odds ratio = 31.24, p < 0.001). CD34(+), CD146(+), and PCNA(+) cells were observed in both dentigerous cysts and dental follicles but for all markers there were significantly more positive cells in dentigerous cysts (p < 0.001); this was especially evident in cases associated with inflammation. PCNA was seen in most endothelial cells lining small thin walled blood vessels suggesting endothelial proliferation. There was a high level of intra- and inter-examiner agreement (kappa 0.77 and 0.75, respectively).VEGF and VEGFR2 and angiogenic activity are present in dental follicles and dentigerous cysts and may contribute to local bone resorption for tooth eruption or the development and progression of dentigerous cysts.
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Andrade ALDL, Santos EM, Carmo AF, Freitas RA, Galvão HC. Analysis of tryptase-positive mast cells and immunoexpression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in periapical lesions. Int Endod J 2016; 50:446-454. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. D. L. Andrade
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil
| | - E. M. Santos
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil
| | - A. F. Carmo
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil
| | - R. A. Freitas
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil
| | - H. C. Galvão
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal Brazil
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Poswar FDO, Farias LC, Fraga CADC, Bambirra W, Brito-Júnior M, Sousa-Neto MD, Santos SHS, de Paula AMB, D'Angelo MFSV, Guimarães ALS. Bioinformatics, interaction network analysis, and neural networks to characterize gene expression of radicular cyst and periapical granuloma. J Endod 2015; 41:877-83. [PMID: 25873079 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bioinformatics has emerged as an important tool to analyze the large amount of data generated by research in different diseases. In this study, gene expression for radicular cysts (RCs) and periapical granulomas (PGs) was characterized based on a leader gene approach. METHODS A validated bioinformatics algorithm was applied to identify leader genes for RCs and PGs. Genes related to RCs and PGs were first identified in PubMed, GenBank, GeneAtlas, and GeneCards databases. The Web-available STRING software (The European Molecular Biology Laboratory [EMBL], Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) was used in order to build the interaction map among the identified genes by a significance score named weighted number of links. Based on the weighted number of links, genes were clustered using k-means. The genes in the highest cluster were considered leader genes. Multilayer perceptron neural network analysis was used as a complementary supplement for gene classification. RESULTS For RCs, the suggested leader genes were TP53 and EP300, whereas PGs were associated with IL2RG, CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5 genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed different gene expression for RCs and PGs, suggesting that not only the inflammatory nature but also other biological processes might differentiate RCs and PGs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wilson Bambirra
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manoel Brito-Júnior
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Souza Santos
- Department of Physiopathology, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Computer Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Costa Neto H, de Andrade ALDL, Gordón-Núñez MA, Freitas RDA, Galvão HC. Immunoexpression of tryptase-positive mast cells in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. Int Endod J 2014; 48:729-35. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Costa Neto
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | | | | | - R. de A. Freitas
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - H. C. Galvão
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
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Immunoexpression of Interleukin 17 in Apical Periodontitis Lesions. J Endod 2014; 40:1400-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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de Carvalho Fraga CA, Alves LR, de Sousa AA, de Jesus SF, Vilela DN, Pereira CS, Batista Domingos PL, Viana AG, Jham BC, Batista de Paula AM, Sena Guimarães AL. Th1 and Th2-like Protein Balance in Human Inflammatory Radicular Cysts and Periapical Granulomas. J Endod 2013; 39:453-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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