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Okuda H, Inada M, Konishi T, Kawashima N, Wada T, Okiji T, Uo M. Improvement of the setting properties of mineral trioxide aggregate cements using cellulose nanofibrils. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:106-111. [PMID: 38171742 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties and are used to reinforce various composites. The effects of incorporating CNFs into commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cements (NEX MTA (NEX) and ProRoot® MTA (PR)) on the underwater setting properties, compressive strength, and flowability were estimated in this study. NEX mixed without CNFs disintegrated after water immersion. NEX mixed with CNF-suspended solutions showed good setting properties under water immersion and a similar compressive strength, which was kept in air (100% relative humidity). PR did not degrade after water immersion, regardless of the presence of CNFs, and no significant difference in the compressive strength caused by CNFs incorporation was detected. The relative flowability of the NEX mixture decreased with increasing CNFs content up to 1.0 w/v%. The application of CNF-incorporated MTA in various dental cases is promising because CNFs prevent the water-immersion-dependent collapse of some MTA cements immediately after mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okuda
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Miki Inada
- Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis, Kyushu University
| | - Tomoya Konishi
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Anan College
| | - Nobuyuki Kawashima
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Takahiro Wada
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Motohiro Uo
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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Duan X, Tan Y, Zhang D, Wu H. Effects of Superfine Tricalcium Silicate Powder on the Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Its Premixed Cement as a Root Canal Filling Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:347. [PMID: 38255515 PMCID: PMC10820792 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cement is a promising material for filling root canals. However, it has several drawbacks to its clinical application, including difficult operation and low curing strength. In this study, we successfully prepared an ultrafine tricalcium silicate powder and investigated the effects of this ultrafine powder on the performance of the premixed tricalcium silicate cement, including the curing process, setting time, hydration products, microstructure, injectivity, fluidity, and compressive strength. The results demonstrate that the addition of ultrafine tricalcium silicate powder alters the hydration product content and product morphology of the premixed cement. By increasing the content of the ultrafine powder, the injectable property of the cement can be increased to more than 95%, the fluidity can be increased from 18 mm to 35 mm, and the curing time can be shortened from 13 h to 11 h. Notably, the addition of the ultrafine powder greatly enhances the compressive strength of the hardened cement, which increases from 20.6 MPa to 51.0 MPa. These results indicate that altering the particle size distribution of the powder is an effective method for enhancing the physicochemical and mechanical properties of tricalcium silicate cement as a root canal filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanni Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.D.); (D.Z.); (H.W.)
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Falkowska J, Chady T, Dura W, Droździk A, Tomasik M, Marek E, Safranow K, Lipski M. The Washout Resistance of Bioactive Root-End Filling Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5757. [PMID: 37687450 PMCID: PMC10488592 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast-setting bioactive cements were developed for the convenience of retrograde fillings during endodontic microsurgery. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation on the washout of relatively fast-setting materials (Biodentine, EndoCem Zr, and MTA HP) in comparison with MTA Angelus White and IRM in an apicectomy model. Washout resistance was assessed using artificial root ends. A total of 150 samples (30 for each material) were tested. All samples were photographed using a microscope, and half of them were also scanned. The samples were irrigated and immersed in saline for 15 min. Then the models were evaluated. Rinsing and immersing the samples immediately after root-end filling and after 3 min did not disintegrate the fillings made of all tested materials except Biodentine. Root-end fillings made of Biodentine suffered significant damage both when rinsing was performed immediately and 3 min after the filling. Quantitative assessment of washed material resulted in a slight loss of IRM, EndoCem MTA Zr, and MTA HP. MTA Angelus White showed a slightly greater washout. Rinsing and immersion of Biodentine restorations resulted in their significant destruction. Under the conditions of the current study, the evaluated materials, excluding Biodentine, showed good or relatively good washout resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Falkowska
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Tomasz Chady
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Sikorsky 37 St., 70-313 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Włodzimierz Dura
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Droździk
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Małgorzata Tomasik
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Ewa Marek
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Lipski
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
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Razdan A, Benetti A, Bakhshandeh A, Darvann T, Bjørndal L. Dimensional changes of endodontic sealers-An in vitro model simulating a clinical extrusion scenario during 18 months. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:299-313. [PMID: 36628604 PMCID: PMC10098291 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the dimensional changes of endodontic sealers during 18 months using three-dimensional (3D) surface scanning and subtraction radiography in a novel in vitro sealer-extrusion model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty endodontically instrumented acrylic teeth were randomly allocated to five groups (n = 10) filled with Apexit Plus, AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, TubliSeal EWT, and gutta-percha (control). Freshly mixed sealers were intentionally extruded during obturation. All teeth were immersed in a physiologic solution for up to 18 months. Blinded 3D surface scans (resolution: ~10 μm) and digital radiographs of the teeth were obtained at baseline (immediately after obturation); and then after 1 week, and at 1, 3, and 18 months. For blinded assessment of sealer dimensional change, 3D models and radiographs were superimposed using specific software. Volumetric differences, root mean square (RMS), and area change from subtraction radiography measured at each period within each sealer group were thereafter calculated. Repeated measures analyses were done with Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons; standard errors, p values, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. RESULTS Analyses of the volumetric data confirmed significant, progressive material loss for Apexit Plus when compared to the other investigated sealers or the control group (p ≤ 0.02). Immersion period significantly influenced the volumetric dimensional changes of Apexit Plus already after 1 month (p < 0.01). For TubliSeal EW, the effect of the immersion period on the dimensional changes was noted after immersion for 3 months (p ≤ 0.02), while for BioRoot RCS this was evident only at 18 months (p < 0.01). Same trends were noted for the RMS data, whereas progressive dimensional changes using subtraction radiography only revealed significant changes for Apexit Plus (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The largest dimensional changes were shown by Apexit Plus, followed by Tubliseal EWT and BioRoot RCS. AH Plus remained stable throughout 18 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Razdan
- Department of Odontology, Section of Dental Materials, Section of Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- Department of Odontology, Section of Cariology and Endodontics, Section of Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section for Oral RadiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Ana R. Benetti
- Department of Odontology, Section of Dental Materials, Section of Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Azam Bakhshandeh
- Department of Odontology, Section of Cariology and Endodontics, Section of Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Tron A. Darvann
- 3D Craniofacial Image Research Laboratory, School of DentistryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- 3D Craniofacial Image Research Laboratory, Centre of Head and OrthopaedicsCopenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen NDenmark
- 3D Craniofacial Image Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkCopenhagen NDenmark
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Lars Bjørndal
- Department of Odontology, Section of Cariology and Endodontics, Section of Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
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Hassanpour S, Aminabadi NA, Rahbar M, Erfanparast L. Comparison between the Radiographic and Clinical Rates of Success for TheraCal and MTA in Primary Tooth Pulpotomy within a 12-Month Follow-Up: A Split-Mouth Clinical Trial. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8735145. [PMID: 37124935 PMCID: PMC10132897 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8735145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The present study was conducted for contrasting the efficacy of TheraCal and MTA for primary molar pulpotomy. Methods During the current split-mouth randomized clinical trial, 90 bilateral primary molars from 45 healthy 5- to 8-year-old children were pulpotomized using TheraCal in one bilateral tooth and MTA in the other, randomly. Glass ionomer (GI) was used to cover these materials. Then, the treated teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns (SSC) and followed up clinically and radiographically at months 6 and 12 after treatment for any pulpotomy failure indications. Finally, data were analyzed by chi-square test considering p value < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results Among 82 teeth available at the final follow-up session, the total success rates were 98.1% and 99.3% for TheraCal and MTA, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion TheraCal can be used as an alternative material for pulpotomy of primary teeth instead of MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Hassanpour
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Bandar Abbas University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Naser Asl Aminabadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rahbar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Leila Erfanparast
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pushpalatha C, Dhareshwar V, Sowmya SV, Augustine D, Vinothkumar TS, Renugalakshmi A, Shaiban A, Kakti A, Bhandi SH, Dubey A, Rai AV, Patil S. Modified Mineral Trioxide Aggregate—A Versatile Dental Material: An Insight on Applications and Newer Advancements. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:941826. [PMID: 36017346 PMCID: PMC9395930 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.941826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has been a material of revolution in the field of dentistry since its introduction in the 1990s. It is being extensively used for perforation repairs, apexification, root-end filling, obturation, tooth fracture repair, regenerative procedures, apexogenesis, pulpotomies, and as a pulp-capping material because of its desired features such as biocompatibility, bioactivity, hydrophilicity, sealing ability, and low solubility. Even though its application is wide, it has its own drawbacks that prevent it from reaching its full potential as a comprehensive replacement material, including a long setting time, discoloration, mud-like consistency, and poor handling characteristics. MTA is a material of research interest currently, and many ongoing studies are still in process. In this review, the newer advancements of this versatile material by modification of its physical, chemical, and biological properties, such as change in its setting time, addressing the discoloration issue, inclusion of antimicrobial property, improved strength, regenerative ability, and biocompatibility will be discussed. Hence, it is important to have knowledge of the traditional and newer advancements of MTA to fulfill the shortcomings associated with the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Pushpalatha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Vismaya Dhareshwar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - S. V. Sowmya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Apathsakayan Renugalakshmi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Shaiban
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ateet Kakti
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Preventive Division, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa H. Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Alok Dubey
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amulya V. Rai
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: Shankargouda Patil, , orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-5497
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Vafaei A, Nikookhesal M, Erfanparast L, Løvschall H, Ranjkesh B. Vital pulp therapy following pulpotomy in immature first permanent molars with deep caries using novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement: A retrospective clinical study. J Dent 2021; 116:103890. [PMID: 34780875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the success rate of vital pulp therapy following complete pulpotomy in immature first permanent molars, during caries treatment, using novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement (Novel CSC) versus MTA. METHODS Six- to eight- years old children, who received pulpotomy of first immature permanent molar using one layer novel CSC (Protooth) or two layers slow-setting MTA (MTA Angelus) covered with glass ionomer were recalled for radiographic and clinical evaluation after two years. The effects of cement type, age, gender, jaw, anesthesia type, and restoration type were assessed on the clinical success of pulpotomy and continued root formation (apexogenesis) as the treatment outcome. RESULTS Out of 366 included teeth in the study, 316 teeth were available for statistical analysis. The mean observation time was 28.2 ± 2.7 months. Novel CSC showed significantly higher clinical success rate (93.1%) compared to MTA (84.5%). Restored teeth with stainless steel crowns after pulpotomy and treatments performed under general anesthesia had a statistically significant effect on treatment outcome in contrast to age, gender, and jaw type. CONCLUSION The observations of this retrospective study suggested that the success rate of vital pulp therapy following complete pulpotomy using one layer fast-setting novel CSC was significantly higher than slow-setting MTA covered with glass ionomer. Treatment under general anesthesia and restoration using stainless steel crowns influenced the treatment outcome. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement is a promising new biomaterial for vital pulp therapy in immature permanent molars that allows complete root formation overtime with apexogenesis. Clinicians must also be aware of the importance of immediate definitive restoration and proper sealing and isolation in vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Vafaei
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Nikookhesal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Erfanparast
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Henrik Løvschall
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bahram Ranjkesh
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section for Prosthetic Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Vafaei A, Azima N, Erfanparast L, Løvschall H, Ranjkesh B. Direct pulp capping of primary molars using a novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement: a randomized clinical trial with 12-month follow-up. Biomater Investig Dent 2019; 6:73-80. [PMID: 31998874 PMCID: PMC6964777 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2019.1688662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (Protooth) has been developed for potential applications in tooth crowns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of direct pulp capping in primary molars using two-layer mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and overlying glass ionomer cement versus one-layer novel calcium silicate cement with 4 to 10 minutes setting time. Materials and methods: Ninety bilaterally symmetrical primary molars in the same jaw in 45 patients aged 5 to 7 years were included. Exposed pulps following caries removal were randomly capped with one-layer novel calcium silicate cement or two-layer MTA and glass ionomer cement. All cavities were filled with amalgam. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed after six and twelve months. 41 patients were available for the evaluations at the end of the 12-month follow-up. Results: The overall success rate of direct pulp capping, in a split-mouth design, using MTA covered with glass ionomer cement or one-layer novel calcium silicate cement after 12 months were 90% (37 out of 41 cases) and 85% (35 out of 41 cases), respectively, without statistically significant differences after 6 and 12 months. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, clinical and radiographic evaluations suggested one-layer novel calcium silicate cement would be successfully used in direct pulp capping of primary molars as a practical alternative to two-layer MTA and overlying glass ionomer cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Vafaei
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Azima
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Erfanparast
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Henrik Løvschall
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University-Health, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bahram Ranjkesh
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University-Health, Aarhus, Denmark
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Primus CM, Tay FR, Niu LN. Bioactive tri/dicalcium silicate cements for treatment of pulpal and periapical tissues. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:35-54. [PMID: 31146033 PMCID: PMC6717675 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over 2500 articles and 200 reviews have been published on the bioactive tri/dicalcium silicate dental materials. The indications have expanded since their introduction in the 1990s from endodontic restorative and pulpal treatments to endodontic sealing and obturation. Bioactive ceramics, based on tri/dicalcium silicate cements, are now an indispensable part of the contemporary dental armamentarium for specialists including endodontists, pediatric dentists, oral surgeons andfor general dentists. This review emphasizes research on how these materials have conformed to international standards for dental materials ranging from biocompatibility (ISO 7405) to conformance as root canal sealers (ISO 6876). Potential future developments of alternative hydraulic materials were included. This review provides accurate materials science information on these important materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The broadening indications and the proliferation of tri/dicalcium silicate-based products make this relatively new dental material important for all dentists and biomaterials scientists. Presenting the variations in compositions, properties, indications and clinical performance enable clinicians to choose the material most suitable for their cases. Researchers may expand their bioactive investigations to further validate and improve materials and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Primus
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Hena, China
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10
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Walsh RM, Woodmansey KF, He J, Svoboda KK, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Histology of NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 in Contact with Pulp and Periradicular Tissues in a Canine Model. J Endod 2019; 44:1389-1395. [PMID: 30144833 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL) is a tricalcium silicate material similar to the first mineral trioxide aggregate product, ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), but with improvements such as decreased setting time, increased ion release, increased water sorption, and nonstaining radiopacifiers. Quick-Set2 (Avalon Biomed Inc) is a newly formulated calcium aluminosilicate material that has a faster setting time and increased acid resistance and is nonstaining. The purpose of this study was to compare the healing of pulpal and periapical tissues in dogs after exposure to NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 after pulpotomy and root-end surgery procedures. METHODS Seventy-two teeth (36 for each procedure) in 6 beagle dogs received pulpotomy or root-end surgery using either NeoMTA Plus or Quick-Set2. The dogs were sacrificed at 90 days, and the teeth and surrounding tissues were prepared for histologic evaluation. Sixty teeth were evaluated and scored histologically (29 with pulpotomies and 31 with root-end resections). Specimens were scored for inflammation, quality and thickness of dentin bridging, pulp tissue response, cementum and periodontal ligament formation, and apical bone healing. RESULTS Both materials displayed favorable healing at 90 days. The only significant difference was the quality of dentin bridge formation in pulpotomies using NeoMTA Plus compared with Quick-Set2. CONCLUSIONS Quick-Set2 and NeoMTA Plus had similar effects on inflammation, pulp response, periodontal ligament and cementum formation, and apical tissue healing in dogs. NeoMTA Plus had superior dentin bridge quality compared with Quick-Set2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jianing He
- Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Kathy K Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
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11
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Uzunoglu Ozyurek E, Aktemur Turker S. Evaluation of fracture resistance of roots-filled with various root canal sealers at different time periods. Eur Oral Res 2019; 53:6-11. [PMID: 31309186 PMCID: PMC6612757 DOI: 10.26650/eor.201989121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The reinforcement effect of 3 various root canal sealers (AH 26, MTA Plus sealer and BioRoot RCS) and gutta-percha at different time periods (1 week and 1 month) were evaluated in the present study. Materials and methods: Single-rooted, single-canalled, cracks-free 80 mandibular premolars were decoronated to a length of 13mm. Group PC (positive control, n=10): samples were left unprepared and unfilled. Seventy samples were prepared by using the ProTaper Rotary System up to F4. Group NC (negative control, n=10): samples were left unfilled. Remaining 60 samples were assigned into 3 groups; Group 1: AH 26 + F4 gutta-percha (GP); Group 2: MTA Plus sealer + F4 GP and Group 3: BioRoot RCS + F4 GP. Filled samples were divided into subgroups according to storage time: Samples in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A were stored for 1 week; while Groups 1B, 2B and 3B were stored for 1 month at 100% humidity to allow the complete setting of the sealers (n=10, for each). A universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min was used for fracture testing. For each specimen, the force at the time of fracture was recorded and the data were analyzed statistically. Results: The highest fracture resistance values were obtained in Group PC, while the lowest values were obtained in Group NC. Groups PC and NC were statistically different from each other and from other groups, regardless of time (p<0.05). Fracture resistance values of Group AH 26/GP were statistically different from MTA Plus sealer/GP (p<0.05) and were statistically similar with BioRoot RCS/GP , irrespective of time. Within group comparisons revealed that there were no statistically differences between samples filled with same sealer at different time periods. Conclusion: Root canal preparation caused decreased fracture resistance. All sealers increased the force values needed to fracture the filled samples compared to unfilled ones. Time factor had no effect on the fracture resistance values.
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Aktemur Türker S, Uzunoğlu E, Purali N. Evaluation of dentinal tubule penetration depth and push-out bond strength of AH 26, BioRoot RCS, and MTA Plus root canal sealers in presence or absence of smear layer. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2018; 12:294-298. [PMID: 30774797 PMCID: PMC6368950 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2018.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. This study compared the effect of smear layer on the penetration depth and push-out bond strength of various root canal sealers.
Methods. A total of 90 extracted human mandibular premolars were assigned into 2 groups: smear layer preserved and smear layer removed. Then the roots were further divided into 3 subgroups according to the sealer tested: AH 26, BioRoot RCS and MTA Plus. Obturation was performed with gutta-percha and the relevant sealer was mixed with 0.1% rhodamine B. Three 1-mm-thick slices were obtained from the mid-third area of each root. Two slices were selected for the push-out test and the remaining slice was used to calculate the dentinal tubule penetration depth and percentage.
Results. The retention of MTA Plus and BioRoot RCS was higher than that of AH 26 when the smear layer was preserved (P<0.05). BioRoot RCS showed the lowest penetration depth when the smear layer was removed (P<0.05).
Conclusion. Dentinal tubule penetration of root canal sealers had a limited effect on their adhesion to root canal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç Aktemur Türker
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Emel Uzunoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuhan Purali
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Direct pulp capping in primary molars using a resin-modified Portland cement-based material (TheraCal) compared to MTA with 12-month follow-up: a randomised clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 19:197-203. [PMID: 29767382 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was to compare the success of resin-modified Portland cement-based material (TheraCal) with MTA in direct pulp capping (DPC) of primary molars. METHODS Symmetrical bilateral primary molars (92) from 46 healthy subjects aged 5-7 years were included in this split-mouth randomised clinical trial. DPC for small non-contaminated pulp exposures using either TheraCal or MTA were randomly performed in symmetrical molars. Thereafter, teeth were restored with amalgam. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed at 6 and 12 month follow-ups. Data were analysed using Chi square test at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS At the final follow-up session 74 teeth were available. After 12 months, the overall success rates for MTA and TheraCal were 94.5 and 91.8%, respectively. The difference between outcomes of the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the current study, radiographic and clinical findings revealed that TheraCal exhibited a comparable outcome to MTA in DPC of primary molars after 12 months.
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Zarra T, Lambrianidis T, Vasiliadis L, Gogos C. Effect of curing conditions on physical and chemical properties of MTA+. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1279-1291. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Zarra
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - T. Lambrianidis
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - L. Vasiliadis
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - C. Gogos
- Department of Endodontology; Dental School; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
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Raghavendra SS, Jadhav GR, Gathani KM, Kotadia P. Bioceramics in endodontics - a review. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent 2017; 51:S128-S137. [PMID: 29354316 PMCID: PMC5750835 DOI: 10.17096/jiufd.63659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioceramics are materials which include Alumina,
Zirconia, Bioactive glass, Glass ceramics, Hydroxyapatite,
resorbable Calcium phosphates, among others. They have
been used in dentistry for filling up bony defects, root
repair materials, apical fill materials, perforation sealing,
as endodontic sealers and as aids in regeneration. They
have certain advantages like biocompatibility, non toxicity,
dimensional stability and most importantly in endodontic
applications, being bio-inert. They have a similarity to
Hydroxyapatite, an intrinsic osteo conductive activity and
have an ability to induce regenerative responses in the
human body. In Endodontics, they can be broadly classified
into Calcium Phosphate/ Tricalcium/ Hydroxyapatite based,
Calcium Silicate based or mixtures of Calcium Silicate
and Phosphates. This review focuses on an overview of
Bioceramics, classification and their advantages. It also
gives a detailed insight into individual bioceramic materials
currently used in the fields of Endodontics along with their
properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi Surya Raghavendra
- Dept of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ganesh Ranganath Jadhav
- Dept of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Ranjkesh B, Isidor F, Dalstra M, Løvschall H. Diametral tensile strength of novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement. Dent Mater J 2017; 35:559-63. [PMID: 27477220 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (CSC) has been developed for potential applications in tooth crown. The aim of this study was to test the diametral tensile strength (DTS) of different CSC compositions in humid condition on day1, 28, and 180. We tested 'bond CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and no radiocontrast, 'CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and 10% radiocontrast, 'ultrafast CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and 20% radiocontrast, 'high fluoride CSC' with 15% fluoride and 25% radiocontrast, Biodentine, and MTA. We filled the cements after mixing to cylindrical molds. Specimens were stored in >95% humidity. DTS was measured at each time point. CSC compositions had statistically higher DTS compared to MTA and Biodentine on day1. Bond CSC showed higher DTS versus all cements, except CSC, at all time points. DTS of all cements, except Biodentine, significantly increased in humid condition on day28 and day180 compared to day1.
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17
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Agnes A, Long A, Best S, Lobner D. Pulp Capping Materials Alter the Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Composite Resins in Dental Pulp Culture. Eur Endod J 2017; 2:1-6. [PMID: 33403322 PMCID: PMC7757939 DOI: 10.5152/eej.2017.17001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Direct pulp capping involves covering exposed pulp to preserve its viability. Calcium hydroxide materials have traditionally been the most commonly used pulp capping compounds; however, they can be toxic, and their success rate in pulp capping is variable. Recently, the compound mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has gained wide use for pulp capping. One advantage of MTA is its low toxicity. However, the effects of MTA and calcium hydroxide compounds on the toxicities of other dental materials have not been tested. The aim of this study is to determine whether different pulp capping materials can alter the toxicity of composite restoration materials. Methods: We used cultured human dental pulp cells to test the toxicities of the calcium hydroxide pulp capping material Dycal and MTA. We then tested the abilities of these compounds to alter the toxicity of the composite materials Durafill and Flow Line and to induce oxidative stress. Results: As expected, Dycal demonstrated toxicity, while MTA did not. However, when cells were exposed to subtoxic amounts of Dycal or MTA, then exposed to Durafill or Flow Line, changes in the composite materials induced toxicity. Treatment with Dycal had no effect on the toxicity of Durafill, but significantly attenuated the toxicity of Flow Line; meanwhile, MTA significantly enhanced the toxicity of Durafill but had no effect on the toxicity of Flow Line. Early changes in oxidative stress were correlated with later changes in cell death. Statistical calculations were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni t-test. P-values <0.05 were considered to indicate significant differences. Conclusion: The results suggest that when choosing a pulp capping material, one factor that should be considered is the impact of that compound on the toxicity of the composite material used for restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Agnes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Audi Long
- Department of Orthodontics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Samantha Best
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Doug Lobner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, USA
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18
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Cavenago BC, del Carpio-Perochena AE, Ordinola-Zapata R, Estrela C, Garlet GP, Tanomaru-Filho M, Weckwerth PH, de Andrade FB, Duarte MAH. Effect of Using Different Vehicles on the Physicochemical, Antimicrobial, and Biological Properties of White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. J Endod 2017; 43:779-786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Shetty S, Hiremath G, Yeli M. A comparative evaluation of sealing ability of four root end filling materials using fluid filtration method: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:307-310. [PMID: 29386776 PMCID: PMC5767823 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_122_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the Study The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the sealing ability of four root end filling materials mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-Plus, Biodentine, MTA (MTA Angelus) and glass ionomer cement (GIC) using fluid filtration method. Materials and Methods Forty-four extracted, human single-rooted teeth were collected. The crown of each tooth was decoronated 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction. Canals were negotiated, instrumented, obturated using lateral compaction method. The access cavities were sealed with Cavit. Root end resection and apical root end cavity preparations of 4 mm were made in each specimen. The selected roots were then randomly divided into four groups (n = 11) and restored as follows. Group 1 - GIC, Group 2 - MTA (MTA Angelus), Group 3 - Biodentine, and Group 4 - MTA Plus. The apical microleakage of each specimen was assessed using fluid filtration method at 72 h, 1 month and 3 months. Microleakage in each specimen was recorded in mm (millimeter) and converted to μl/min/cm H2O. Results MTA Angelus showed least microleakage followed by Biodentine and MTA Plus. Least sealing ability was seen with GIC. There was statistically significant difference between all the materials at various time intervals. Conclusion MTA Angelus showed superior sealing ability as a retrograde filling material followed by Biodentine and MTA Plus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Shetty
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Geeta Hiremath
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahantesh Yeli
- Department Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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20
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Demirkaya K, Demirdöğen BC, Torun ZÖ, Erdem O, Çırak E, Tunca YM. Brain aluminium accumulation and oxidative stress in the presence of calcium silicate dental cements. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:1071-1080. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327116679713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a calcium silicate dental cement used for various applications in dentistry. This study was undertaken to test whether the presence of three commercial brands of calcium silicate dental cements in the dental extraction socket of rats would affect the brain aluminium (Al) levels and oxidative stress parameters. Right upper incisor was extracted and polyethylene tubes filled with MTA Angelus, MTA Fillapex or Theracal LC, or left empty for the control group, were inserted into the extraction socket. Rats were killed 7, 30 or 60 days after operation. Brain tissues were obtained before killing. Al levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were determined using spectrophotometry. A transient peak was observed in brain Al level of MTA Angelus group on day 7, while MTA Fillapex and Theracal LC groups reached highest brain Al level on day 60. Brain TBARS level, CAT, SOD and GPx activities transiently increased on day 7 and then returned to almost normal levels. This in vivo study for the first time indicated that initial washout may have occurred in MTA Angelus, while element leaching after the setting is complete may have taken place for MTA Fillapex and Theracal LC. Moreover, oxidative stress was induced and antioxidant enzymes were transiently upregulated. Further studies to search for oxidative neuronal damage should be done to completely understand the possible toxic effects of calcium silicate cements on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Demirkaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Can Demirdöğen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z Öncel Torun
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Erdem
- Department of Toxicology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E Çırak
- Department of Toxicology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - YM Tunca
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Long-Term Fracture Resistance of Simulated Immature Teeth Filled with Various Calcium Silicate-Based Materials. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2863817. [PMID: 27382564 PMCID: PMC4921621 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2863817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-term fracture resistance of simulated human immature permanent teeth filled with BioAggregate™ (BA), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and EndoSequence® Root Repair Material (ERRM). Material and Methods. 40 teeth, simulated to average root length of 13 ± 1 mm (Cvek's stage 3), were included in the study. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1: DiaRoot® BA, Group 2: MTA-Plus™ (MTA-P), Group 3: MTA-Angelus (MTA-A), and Group 4: ERRM. The root canal filling materials were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. After 24 months of incubation, the roots of the teeth were embedded in acrylic blocks and subjected to fracture testing. The resultant data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results. Mean (±SD) failure loads (MPa) were 20.46 ± 2.53 for BA, 18.88 ± 5.13 for MTA-P, 14.12 ± 1.99 for MTA-A, and 17.65 ± 4.28 for ERRM groups. BA group exhibited the highest and MTA-A group showed the lowest resistance to fracture. Significant differences in fracture resistance were found between the groups of BA and MTA-A (p < 0.001), MTA-P and MTA-A (p < 0.05), and ERRM and MTA-A (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Within the limitations of this study, data suggests that BA-filled immature teeth demonstrate higher fracture resistance than other groups at 24 months appearing to be the most promising material tested.
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Ranjkesh B, Chevallier J, Salehi H, Cuisinier F, Isidor F, Løvschall H. Apatite precipitation on a novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement containing fluoride. ACTA BIOMATERIALIA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2016; 2:68-78. [PMID: 27335901 PMCID: PMC4894078 DOI: 10.1080/23337931.2016.1178583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Calcium silicate cements are widely used in endodontics. Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (Protooth) has been developed for potential applications in teeth crowns including cavity lining and cementation. Objective: To evaluate the surface apatite-forming ability of Protooth compositions as a function of fluoride content and immersion time in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Material and methods: Three cement compositions were tested: Protooth (3.5% fluoride and 10% radiocontrast), ultrafast Protooth (3.5% fluoride and 20% radiocontrast), and high fluoride Protooth (15% fluoride and 25% radiocontrast). Powders were cap-mixed with liquid, filled to the molds and immersed in PBS. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the precipitations morphology and composition after 1, 7, 28, and 56 days. Apatite/belite Raman peak height indicated the apatite thickness. Results: Spherical calcium phosphate precipitations with acicular crystallites were formed after 1-day immersion in PBS and Raman spectra disclosed the phosphate band at 965 cm−1, supporting the apatite formation over Protooth compositions. The apatite deposition continued and more voluminous precipitations were observed after 56 days over the surface of all cements. Raman bands suggested the formation of β-type carbonated apatite over Protooth compositions. High fluoride Protooth showed the most compact deposition with significantly higher apatite/belite ratio compared to Protooth and ultrafast Protooth after 28 and 56 days. Conclusions: Calcium phosphate precipitations (apatite) were formed over Protooth compositions after immersion in PBS with increasing apatite formation as a function of time. High fluoride Protooth exhibited thicker apatite deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Ranjkesh
- Department of Dentistry Health, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Jacques Chevallier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Hamideh Salehi
- Bioengineering and Nanoscience Laboratory, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Bioengineering and Nanoscience Laboratory, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Flemming Isidor
- Department of Dentistry Health, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Henrik Løvschall
- Department of Dentistry Health, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark
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Bernardi A, Bortoluzzi EA, Felippe WT, Felippe MCS, Wan WS, Teixeira CS. Effects of the addition of nanoparticulate calcium carbonate on setting time, dimensional change, compressive strength, solubility and pH of MTA. Int Endod J 2016; 50:97-105. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Bernardi
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - E. A. Bortoluzzi
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - W. T. Felippe
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - M. C. S. Felippe
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - W. S. Wan
- Department of Materials Engineering; Federal University Ouro Preto; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - C. S. Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
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Demirkaya K, Can Demirdöğen B, Öncel Torun Z, Erdem O, Çetinkaya S, Akay C. In vivo evaluation of the effects of hydraulic calcium silicate dental cements on plasma and liver aluminium levels in rats. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 124:75-81. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Demirkaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics; Gülhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Birsen Can Demirdöğen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; TOBB University of Economics and Technology; Ankara Turkey
| | - Zeynep Öncel Torun
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics; Gülhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Onur Erdem
- Department of Toxicology; Gülhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Serdar Çetinkaya
- Department of Toxicology; Gülhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Cemal Akay
- Department of Toxicology; Gülhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
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Woodmansey KF, Kohout GD, Primus CM, Schneiderman E, Opperman LA. Histologic Assessment of Quick-Set and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Pulpotomies in a Canine Model. J Endod 2015; 41:1626-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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The effect of obturation technique on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate sealers. J Endod 2015; 41:385-8. [PMID: 25576202 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium silicate-based sealers are known to have excellent sealing ability and bioactivities. They are typically recommended to be used in a single-cone (SC) technique. No studies have evaluated the effects of the thermoplastic obturation technique on the dentin interface of these sealers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strengths of MTA Plus Sealer (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL) and EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) when they were used in a thermoplastic technique. METHODS Fifty single-rooted human extracted teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10), instrumented, and obturated with the SC technique or continuous wave (CW) technique: group 1, BC-SC; group 2, BC-CW; group 3, MTA Plus-SC; group 4, MTA Plus-CW; and group 5, AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany)-CW. The roots were sectioned into 1.0-mm-thick slices, and bond strengths were measured using a standardized push-out test. The mode of failure was determined by visual inspection under magnification. RESULTS The MTA Plus-CW had statistically significant lower bond strengths than all other groups. The BC-SC group had statistically higher bond strengths than the MTA Plus-SC and AH Plus-CW groups. No significant differences were seen among the other groups. Modes of failure were predominately cohesive or mixed except for group 4 (ie, MTA Plus-CW) in which nearly half the specimens had no visible sealer. CONCLUSIONS BC and MTA Plus sealer showed favorable bond strengths when used in an SC technique. The CW obturation technique decreased the bond strengths of these sealers.
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Khalil I, Naaman A, Camilleri J. Investigation of a novel mechanically mixed mineral trioxide aggregate (MM-MTA™). Int Endod J 2014; 48:757-67. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Khalil
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; St Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - A. Naaman
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; St Joseph University; Beirut Lebanon
| | - J. Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Surgery; University of Malta; Msida Malta
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Evaluation of Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Silicate-based Root-end Filling Materials. J Endod 2014; 40:969-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Formosa LM, Damidot D, Camilleri J. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and assessment of cement-dentin interface of anti-washout-type mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2014; 40:958-63. [PMID: 24935543 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the disadvantages of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is washout (ie, the tendency of freshly prepared cement paste to disintegrate upon early contact with physiological fluids). A novel MTA (MTA Plus; Prevest Denpro, Jammu City, India) exhibits low washout and superior physical properties when mixed with a gel instead of water. When used as a root-end filler, MTA is in contact with both bone and root dentin. This study aimed to investigate the porosity and interfacial characteristics of the novel MTA mixed with water or antiwashout gel. METHODS Porosity was evaluated after 1 or 28 days of immersion in Hank's balanced salt solution using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The root dentin to material interface was investigated using a scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy complete with line scans and elemental maps. RESULTS Anti-washout-type MTA Plus was found to have lower initial porosity than MTA Plus mixed with water although this trend was reversed after 28 days of immersion in physiological fluid. Both materials exhibited good marginal adaptation. The diffusion of silicon, calcium, and phosphorus across the cement/dentin interface was observed. CONCLUSIONS MTA Plus mixed with antiwashout gel was found to have lower initial porosity than MTA Plus mixed with water. Both materials exhibited good marginal adaptation and the diffusion of silicon, calcium, and phosphorous across the cement/dentin interface. Thus, the anti-washout-type MTA can be considered to be a suitable substitute for ordinary MTA in all its indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Formosa
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Malta
| | - D Damidot
- University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; EM Douai, Douai, France
| | - Josette Camilleri
- Department Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.
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Eid AA, Gosier JL, Primus CM, Hammond BD, Susin LF, Pashley DH, Tay FR. In vitro biocompatibility and oxidative stress profiles of different hydraulic calcium silicate cements. J Endod 2013; 40:255-60. [PMID: 24461414 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MTA Plus is a new calcium silicate cement with unknown cytotoxicity characteristics. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of MTA Plus on the viability, apoptosis/necrosis profile, and oxidative stress levels of rat odontoblast-like cells. METHODS MDPC-23 cells were exposed to gray and white MTA Plus (GMTAP, WMTAP), gray and white ProRoot MTA (GMTA, WMTA) cements, or their eluents. The cells were evaluated for (1) cell viability by using XTT assay, (2) apoptosis/necrosis by using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and (3) oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species. RESULTS XTT assay showed that all test cements exhibited marked initial cytotoxicity that decreased with time. By the end of the third week, GMTAP and GMTA were comparable to untreated cells (negative control) in terms of cell viability, whereas WMTAP and WMTA were significantly lower than the untreated cells. Apoptosis/necrosis profiles of cells exposed to WMTAP and GMTAP were not significantly different from untreated cells, whereas cells exposed to WMTA and GMTA showed significantly less viable cells. All experimental groups exhibited reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species formation compared with untreated cells, although cells exposed to WMTA were not significantly different from untreated cells. CONCLUSIONS Both the gray and white versions of MTA Plus possess negligible in vitro cytotoxic risks that are time and dilution dependent. They enrich the spectrum of hydraulic calcium silicate cements currently available to clinicians for endodontic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Eid
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Material Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Johnny L Gosier
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Barry D Hammond
- Department of General Dentistry, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lisiane F Susin
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia; Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia.
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Formosa LM, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Push-out bond strength of MTA with antiwashout gel or resins. Int Endod J 2013; 47:454-62. [PMID: 23919436 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Assessment of the push-out bond strength of four MTA-based formulations for use as root-end filling materials. METHODOLOGY MTA Plus mixed with (i) water ('MTA-W'); (ii) a proprietary water-based antiwashout gel ('MTA-AW'); (iii) Superbond C&B chemically curing resin ('MTA-Chem'); and (iv) Heliobond light-curing resin ('MTA-Light') was tested. Root slices 3 mm thick human had a 1.5 mm diameter hole drilled centrally and were treated with 17% EDTA for 60s. Forty specimens divided into groups 1-4 were prepared and filled with MTA-W, MTA-AW, MTA-Chem and MTA-Light, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 60s, and bonding agent was applied to the dentine surface. Specimens were stored for 28 days in Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution at 37 °C. Push-out strength was tested with a punch and die (punch diameter 1.3 mm, die diameter 2.0 mm, punch speed 1 mm min(-1)). Stereomicroscopy was used to classify failure mode (adhesive, cohesive or mixed type). RESULTS The resulting push-out strengths were 5.1 MPa (MTA-W), 4.3 MPa (MTA-AW), 4.7 MPa (MTA-Chem) and 11.0 MPa (MTA-Light). MTA-W had higher push-out strength than MTA-AW (P = 0.022). The same was noted for MTA-Light relative to the other materials (P < 0.05). All materials exhibited adequate push-out strengths compared with MTA-W. Failure was predominantly mixed, except for MTA-Chem (predominantly adhesive). CONCLUSIONS All materials exhibited adequate push-out strength. Previous studies have shown the new formulations have additional advantages including increased washout resistance and faster setting time, making them promising for future dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Formosa
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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Formosa L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Mineral trioxide aggregate with anti-washout gel – Properties and microstructure. Dent Mater 2013; 29:294-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Grech L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Investigation of the physical properties of tricalcium silicate cement-based root-end filling materials. Dent Mater 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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