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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) lead to cellular damage. A disturbance of testicular perfusion occurs during the therapy of cryptorchidism and in cases of testicular torsion. This results in the activation of mediator cells with an increasing synthesis of mediators of infection like TNF-alpha and the expression of cell adhesion molecules like ICAM (intercellular adhesion molecule) and VCAM (vascular cell adhesion molecule) at the cellular surface. METHODS The expression of the cytokines IL-10 and TNF-alpha and the adhesion molecules ICAM and VCAM after defined testicular I/R injury in nine male transsexuals was evaluated with rt-PCR. Furthermore we examined lactate and the diameter of the testicular tubulus under ischemic conditions. RESULTS During ischemia ICAM, IL-10, and VCAM do not show significant changes on the side of testicular ischemia and the contralateral side; the same was seen for the tubulus diameter. TNF-alpha and the testicular lactate values showed a significant change of the expression pattern. DISCUSSION The statistical changes of TNF-alpha and testicular lactate are the expression of leukocyte migration, infectious reaction, and immune response. To what extent the TNF-alpha expression represents a severe immunological reaction remains undefined. This human study shows primary results for the immunological understanding of and cellular response to testicular ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sperling
- Urologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Essen.
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SINISI ANTONIOA, PASQUALI DANIELA, PAPPARELLA ALFONSO, VALENTE ANTONELLA, ORIO FRANCESCO, ESPOSITO DARIO, COBELLIS GIANNI, CUOMO ALFREDO, ANGELONE GIOVANNI, MARTONE ANTONELLO, FIORETTI GPAOLO, BELLASTELLA ANTONIO. ANTISPERM ANTIBODIES IN CRYPTORCHIDISM BEFORE AND AFTER SURGERY. J Urol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)62428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ANTONIO A. SINISI
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - DANIELA PASQUALI
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - ALFONSO PAPPARELLA
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - ANTONELLA VALENTE
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - FRANCESCO ORIO
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - DARIO ESPOSITO
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - GIANNI COBELLIS
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - ALFREDO CUOMO
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - GIOVANNI ANGELONE
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - ANTONELLO MARTONE
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - G. PAOLO FIORETTI
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - ANTONIO BELLASTELLA
- From the Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatrics, Second University of Naples and Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Santobono Hospital and Pausillipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
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ANTISPERM ANTIBODIES IN CRYPTORCHIDISM BEFORE AND AFTER SURGERY. J Urol 1998. [DOI: 10.1097/00005392-199811000-00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Griveau JF, Renard P, Le Lannou D. Superoxide anion production by human spermatozoa as a part of the ionophore-induced acrosome reaction process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 1995; 18:67-74. [PMID: 7665212 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of superoxide anion (O2o-) in human sperm capacitation and/or acrosome reaction was investigated. Addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the medium at the beginning of the capacitation process or 15 min before induction of the acrosome reaction, decreased the level of ionophore-induced acrosome reaction. Hyperactivation was unaffected by the presence of SOD during the capacitation process. Addition of calcium ionophore to the sperm suspension increased production of O2o- by the spermatozoa by four to five-fold and induced the acrosome reaction. In the presence of SOD, superoxide anion could not be detected in the medium and the rate of induced-acrosome reaction was decreased greatly. The presence of an inhibitor of protein kinase C inhibited the production of O2o- in the medium and reduced the induced-acrosome reaction. The production of O2o- and the acrosome reaction were also increased by exposure of spermatozoa to 12-myristate 13-acetate phorbol ester, a specific activator of protein kinase C. While the level of spontaneous acrosome reaction was not increased by the direct addition of O2o- to the medium, its presence induced the release of unesterified fatty acids from membrane phospholipids. These findings suggest that the production of O2o- by spermatozoa could be involved in the ionophore-induced acrosome reaction, possibly through the de-esterification of membrane phospholipids. However, this production of superoxide anion is not sufficient on its own to induce the acrosome reaction.
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