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Costa J, Braga PC, Rebelo I, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Mitochondria Quality Control and Male Fertility. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:827. [PMID: 37372112 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal to cellular homeostasis, performing vital functions such as bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and cell signalling. Proper maintenance of these processes is crucial to prevent disease development and ensure optimal cell function. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion, biogenesis, mitophagy, and apoptosis, maintain mitochondrial quality control, which is essential for overall cell health. In male reproduction, mitochondria play a pivotal role in germ cell development and any defects in mitochondrial quality can have serious consequences on male fertility. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) also play a crucial role in sperm capacitation, but excessive ROS levels can trigger oxidative damage. Any imbalance between ROS and sperm quality control, caused by non-communicable diseases or environmental factors, can lead to an increase in oxidative stress, cell damage, and apoptosis, which in turn affect sperm concentration, quality, and motility. Therefore, assessing mitochondrial functionality and quality control is essential to gain valuable insights into male infertility. In sum, proper mitochondrial functionality is essential for overall health, and particularly important for male fertility. The assessment of mitochondrial functionality and quality control can provide crucial information for the study and management of male infertility and may lead to the development of new strategies for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Costa
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C Braga
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Rebelo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Wang J, Guo W, Cui X, Shen Y, Guo Y, Cai Y, Liu X, Fang M, Gu B, Yuan J, Xie Y, Xie K, Zhou H, Chen X. Smoking is a risk factor for postoperative ileus after radical resection in male patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27465. [PMID: 34678877 PMCID: PMC8542170 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most smokers are males, and smoking has been indicated as a risk factor for many cancers as well as postoperative complications after cancer surgery. However, little is known about whether smoking is a risk factor for postoperative ileus (POI) after radical rectal cancer resection in males. The aim of this study was to assess whether smoking is a risk factor for POI after radical resection in male rectal cancer patients.Data of 1486 patients who underwent radical resection for rectal cancer were extracted from the clinical medical system in our hospital and were statistically analyzed. POI was defined as nausea, vomiting or pain, failure to have bowel function for more than 4 days postoperatively, and absence of a mechanical bowel obstruction.The rate of POI was 12.79%. Univariate analysis showed that patients in the POI group were more likely to have a history of smoking and drinking and receive intraperitoneal chemotherapy and had a larger intraperitoneal chemotherapy dosage. In the multivariable analysis, smoking remained significantly associated with a higher incidence of POI (OR 2.238, 95% CI [1.545-3.240], P = .000). The results also showed that patients who received postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia had a lower incidence of POI.Male patients with a history of smoking who undergo elective radical resection for rectal cancer have an increased risk for POI complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajian Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunfang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Man Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junbo Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyizi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangjie Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huidan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Xueshi Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Gabrielsen JS, Tanrikut C. Chronic exposures and male fertility: the impacts of environment, diet, and drug use on spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4:648-61. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Gabrielsen
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - C. Tanrikut
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
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Sunanda P, Panda B, Dash C, Ray PK, Padhy RN, Routray P. Prevalence of abnormal spermatozoa in tobacco chewing sub-fertile males. J Hum Reprod Sci 2014; 7:136-42. [PMID: 25191028 PMCID: PMC4150141 DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.138873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the following study is to find out the prevalence of abnormal spermatozoa and associated functional parameters in clinical semen samples of sub-fertile males with the tobacco chewing habit. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Retrospective study was conducted at infertility unit of a tertiary health care center, in a period of 3 years. MATERIALS AND METHOD Semen of 642 males were analyzed; of them 194 men (30.2%) were tobacco chewers and they were grouped according to their intensity of chewing (<10 and ≥ 10 packets/day). Counts, motility, vitality, and morphology of sperms were analyzed. RESULTS In tobacco chewers, 66% of subjects were oligozoospermic, 85% asthenozoospermic and 28% teratozoospermic. Sperm counts (odds ratio [OR] =2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-3.09), motility (OR = 3.2; 95% CI: 2.05-4.9), and normal morphology (OR = 8.4; 95% CI: 4.9-14.6) were significantly affected (P = 0.001) in tobacco chewers than the non-chewing group. Further, in comparison to the intensity of tobacco chewing, patients with the intensive practice of using ≥10 packets/day had a significant effect on sperm morphology (P = 0.003, OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.41-5.08) only. Structural defects in head (P = 0.001) and cytoplasmic residues (P = 0.001) were found to be positively correlated with the intensive chewing, but no significant changes were found in anomalies in mid-piece and tail. CONCLUSION The adverse impact of tobacco chewing on semen parameters was evident even with mild chewers, but with the intensive chewing practice, phenotypes of sperms, mainly defects in the head and cytoplasmic residue were severely affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarsini Sunanda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Human Reproduction, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Babita Panda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Human Reproduction, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Chidananda Dash
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Human Reproduction, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Priyadarshi K. Ray
- Nano-Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra N. Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Padmanav Routray
- Aquaculture Production and Environment Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Garcia PC, Piffer RC, Gerardin DCC, Sankako MK, Alves de Lima RO, Pereira OCM. Could zinc prevent reproductive alterations caused by cigarette smoke in male rats? Reprod Fertil Dev 2012; 24:559-67. [DOI: 10.1071/rd10063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of zinc on fertility through semen parameters, testosterone level and oxidative DNA damage to spermatozoa of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Male Wistar rats (60 days old) were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group): control, cigarette-smoking (20 cigarettes per day), zinc (zinc chloride 20 mg kg–1 day–1) and zinc plus cigarette-smoking (zinc chloride 20 mg kg–1 day–1; 20 cigarettes per day). The treatment was applied for nine weeks and the following parameters were analysed: bodyweight, wet weights of the reproductive organs and the adrenal gland, plasma testosterone concentration, testicular function (seminal analysis and daily sperm production) and sperm DNA oxidative damage. The exposure to cigarette smoke decreased testosterone concentration, the percentage of normal morphology and the motility of spermatozoa. In addition, this exposure increased sperm DNA oxidative damage. Zinc treatment protected against the toxic damage that smoking caused to spermatozoa. This study showed a correlation between smoking and possible male infertility and subfertility, and also that the majority of smoking-induced changes in spermatozoa were prevented by zinc treatment. In conclusion, zinc, an antioxidant and stimulant of cell division, can be indicated as a promising treatment in men with infertility caused by the toxic components of cigarette smoke.
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El-Melegy NT, Ali MEM. Apoptotic markers in semen of infertile men: association with cigarette smoking. Int Braz J Urol 2011; 37:495-506. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Al-Matubsi HY, Kanaan RA, Hamdan F, Salim M, Oriquat GA, Al Hanbali OA. Smoking practices in Jordanian people and their impact on semen quality and hormonal levels among adult men. Cent Eur J Public Health 2011; 19:54-9. [PMID: 21526658 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite worldwide anti-smoking campaigns, cigarette smoking prevalence is increasing in the third-world countries. It is now regarded as the most important public health issue. Here, we study the current smoking situation and investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on semen quality and hormonal levels among adult people. Furthermore, we suggest various strategies to reduce smoking consumption among young individuals. Across-sectional data from 804 adult smoker subjects (male n = 530 and female n = 274) aged between 15 and 45 years were analyzed. One hundred and eleven males were agreed for further evaluation of their semen quality and hormones compared with 93 age-matched non-smoking males. This study showed that the majorfactors initiating smoking among women were friends' influence (49%), life pressures (16%) and parental imitation (14%). The major reasons in men was friends' influence (65%). Furthermore, 61% ofwomen and 89% of men smoke in public implying social acceptance oreven encouragement of this habit. This study also found that low-income Jordanians consume more tobacco materials than those in the middle- and higher income. Furthermore, smokers had significantly lower (p < 0.001) sperm concentration and motility values and higher (p < 0.001) serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels than non-smokers.
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Chohan KR, Badawy SZA. Cigarette smoking impairs sperm bioenergetics. Int Braz J Urol 2010; 36:60-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382010000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Pasqualotto FF, Umezu FM, Salvador M, Borges E, Sobreiro BP, Pasqualotto EB. Effect of cigarette smoking on antioxidant levels and presence of leukocytospermia in infertile men: a prospective study. Fertil Steril 2008; 90:278-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Randhawa K, Mendes E, Wanner A. Acute effect of cigarette smoke and nicotine on airway blood flow and airflow in healthy smokers. Lung 2006; 184:363-8. [PMID: 17111093 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-006-0006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke contains irritants and vasoactive substances. We wanted to determine the effect of smoking a cigarette and of nasally or orally inhaled nicotine on airway blood flow (Q(aw)) and airflow in smokers. In ten healthy current smokers, Q(aw), FEV(1), and FEF(25-75) were measured before and at 5, 30, and 180 min after smoking a cigarette. The effects of systemic nicotine using a nicotine nasal spray and local nicotine using a nicotine inhaler were also studied. Mean (+/- SE) Q(aw) increased by 81% +/- 16% (p = 0.03) 5 min after smoking a cigarette and was no longer different from baseline at 30 and 180 min. Nicotine nasal spray and nicotine oral inhaler had no effect on Q(aw.) FEV(1) and FEF(25-75) remained unchanged after smoking a cigarette and after local or systemic nicotine administration. Smoking a cigarette is followed by a transient increase in airway blood flow but no changes in airflow. Nicotine, at the rate and dose provided by the nasal spray (systemic action) and oral inhaler (local and systemic action), does not appear to be involved in the Q(aw) change, suggesting a pharmacologic or nonspecific irritant effect of other cigarette smoke constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwaldeep Randhawa
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Room 6732, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Ramlau-Hansen CH, Thulstrup AM, Aggerholm AS, Jensen MS, Toft G, Bonde JP. Is smoking a risk factor for decreased semen quality? A cross-sectional analysis. Hum Reprod 2006; 22:188-96. [PMID: 16966350 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest a deleterious effect of cigarette smoking on semen quality, but their results have not been consistent. We studied the association between current smoking and semen characteristics and hormonal levels in a large group of healthy men. METHODS From 1987 to 2004, seven separate occupational or environmental semen quality studies were co-ordinated by our department. A total of 2562 men participated, each providing semen and blood sample and answering a questionnaire about lifestyle and factors related to health. Appropriate semen and smoking data were available for 2542 men. RESULTS Adjusting for study, age and other covariates, we observed an inverse dose-response relation between smoking and semen volume, total sperm count and percentage motile sperm. Heavy smokers had a 19% lower sperm concentration than non-smokers. We found a positive dose-response relationship between smoking and testosterone, LH and the LH/free testosterone ratios. CONCLUSION Current smoking in adult life moderately impairs the semen quality. It is well known that semen quality is associated to fecundity. Therefore, it would be sensible to advise men to abstain from smoking to avoid decreased fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ramlau-Hansen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus Sygehus, Denmark.
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Shamaei-Tousi A, Collin O, Bergh A, Bergström S. Testicular damage by microcirculatory disruption and colonization of an immune-privileged site during Borrelia crocidurae infection. J Exp Med 2001; 193:995-1004. [PMID: 11342584 PMCID: PMC2193426 DOI: 10.1084/jem.193.9.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The agent of African relapsing fever, Borrelia crocidurae, causes reversible multiple organ damage. We hypothesize that this damage is caused when the spirochete forms aggregate with erythrocytes in vivo, creating rosettes that plug the microcirculatory system. To test this hypothesis, we compared testicular microcirculation over an extended time period in two groups of rats: one experimentally inoculated with B. crocidurae, the other with the nonerythrocyte rosette-forming Borrelia hermsii. In the B. crocidurae group, erythrocyte rosettes formed during spiro-chetemia blocked precapillary blood vessels and reduced the normal pattern of microcirculatory blood flow. After spirochetemia, erythrocyte rosettes disappeared and flow was normalized. Decreased blood flow and focal vascular damage with increased permeability and interstitial bleeding adjacent to the erythrocyte microemboli induced cell death in seminiferous tubules. Interestingly, we found that B. crocidurae could penetrate the tubules and remain in the testis long after the end of spirochetemia, suggesting that the testis can serve as a reservoir for this bacteria in subsequent relapses. The group infected with B. hermsii displayed normal testicular blood flow and vasomotion at all selected time points, and suffered no testicular damage. These results confirmed our hypothesis that the erythrocyte rosettes produce vascular obstruction and are the main cause of histopathology seen in model animal and human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ola Collin
- Department of Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Pathology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sven Bergström
- Department of Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Mak V, Jarvi K, Buckspan M, Freeman M, Hechter S, Zini A. Smoking is associated with the retention of cytoplasm by human spermatozoa. Urology 2000; 56:463-6. [PMID: 10962316 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether cigarette smoking is associated with the abnormal retention of residual sperm cytoplasm in infertile men. METHODS Semen samples were obtained from 87 consecutive non-azoospermic men with idiopathic infertility (18 smokers and 69 nonsmokers) and from 20 men presenting for vasectomy (fertile controls). Standard semen parameters and the percentage of spermatozoa with residual cytoplasm (on Papanicolaou smears) were recorded. RESULTS Subject age, semen volume, and sperm density, motility, and morphology were not significantly different between the two groups of infertile men. However, a significant difference was found in the mean +/- SEM percentages of sperm with cytoplasm droplets between smokers and nonsmokers (12.9% +/- 1.7% and 8.1% +/- 0.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that cigarette smoking is associated with retention of sperm cytoplasmic droplets in infertile men, a morphologic characteristic associated with impaired sperm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mak
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Rücker M, Strobel O, Vollmar B, Roesken F, Menger MD. Vasomotion in critically perfused muscle protects adjacent tissues from capillary perfusion failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279:H550-8. [PMID: 10924053 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.2.h550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the incidence and interaction of arteriolar vasomotion and capillary flow motion during critical perfusion conditions in neighboring peripheral tissues using intravital fluorescence microscopy. The gracilis and semitendinosus muscles and adjacent periosteum, subcutis, and skin of the left hindlimb of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated at the femoral vessels. Critical perfusion conditions, achieved by stepwise reduction of femoral artery blood flow, induced capillary flow motion in muscle, but not in the periosteum, subcutis, and skin. Strikingly, blood flow within individual capillaries was decreased (P < 0.05) in muscle but was not affected in the periosteum, subcutis, and skin. However, despite the flow motion-induced reduction of muscle capillary blood flow during the critical perfusion conditions, functional capillary density remained preserved in all tissues analyzed, including the skeletal muscle. Abrogation of vasomotion in the muscle arterioles by the calcium channel blocker felodipine resulted in a redistribution of blood flow within individual capillaries from cutaneous, subcutaneous, and periosteal tissues toward skeletal muscle. As a consequence, shutdown of perfusion of individual capillaries was observed that resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of capillary density not only in the neighboring tissues but also in the muscle itself. We conclude that during critical perfusion conditions, vasomotion and flow motion in skeletal muscle preserve nutritive perfusion (functional capillary density) not only in the muscle itself but also in the neighboring tissues, which are not capable of developing this protective regulatory mechanism by themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rücker
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Koskinen LO, Collin O, Bergh A. Cigarette smoke and hypoxia induce acute changes in the testicular and cerebral microcirculation. Ups J Med Sci 2000; 105:215-26. [PMID: 11261607 DOI: 10.3109/2000-1967-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute effects of cigarette smoking and hypoxia on the cerebral and testicular microcirculation were studied in anestethised adult rats. Smoking for 2 min did not influence arterial pO2, pCO2 or pH but it induced an increase in cerebral blood flow by 34% and inhibited vasomotion in the testis for about 1 h. One hour after smoke exposure apnea induced a slight increase in arterial pCO2, a significant decrease in pO2, and an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) by 54%. In animals not previously exposed to cigarette smoke apnea increased CBF by 121%, demonstrating that a short-term exposure to tobacco smoke influences the cerebrovascular reactivity for more than one hour. In the testis, apnea resulted in a decreased blood flow by 39% and a complete depression of vasomotion. Breathing 10% O2/90% N2 resulted in moderate hypoxia, a total disappearance of the vasomotion in the testis, a 24% decrease in testicular blood flow, but a 23% increase in CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O Koskinen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Umeå, Sweden.
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