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Deng L, Fu D, Zhu L, Huang J, Ling Y, Cai Z. Testosterone deficiency accelerates early stage atherosclerosis in miniature pigs fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet: urine 1H NMR metabolomics targeted analysis. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1245-1255. [PMID: 33226572 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To gain insights into the role of testosterone in the development of atherosclerosis and its related metabolic pathways, we applied a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics approach to investigate urine metabolic profiles in miniature pigs fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet among intact male pigs (IM), castrated male pigs (CM) and castrated male pigs with testosterone replacement (CMT). Our results showed that testosterone deficiency significantly increased atherosclerotic lesion areas, intima-media thickness, as well as serum lipid levels in the CM pigs. Moreover, seventeen significantly changed metabolites were identified in both IM vs. CM and CMT vs. CM groups. Among these, seven were shared between the two comparative groups and were all significantly reduced in the urine of the CM group but rescued in the CMT group. In addition, the correlation analysis demonstrated that several metabolites, including niacinamide, myo-inositol, choline and 3-hydroxyisovalerate, were negatively correlated with atherosclerotic lesion areas. Our study demonstrated that testosterone deficiency accelerated early AS formation in HFC diet-fed pigs, which involved several metabolites predominantly related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial disorders. Our results reveal potential pathways in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis caused by testosterone deficiency and HFC diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Deng
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Danting Fu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Department of Experimental Animals, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhaowei Cai
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China. .,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Tsujimura A, Hiramatsu I, Nagashima Y, Ishikawa K, Uesaka Y, Nozaki T, Ogishima T, Shirai M, Terai K, Kobayashi K, Horie S. Erectile Dysfunction is Predictive Symptom for Poor Semen in Newlywed Men in Japan. Sex Med 2019; 8:21-29. [PMID: 31669052 PMCID: PMC7042159 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a continuous decline in semen concentration has been reported, the concept of male infertility has gained increased attention. Although several surveys of semen quality have been conducted in young men in general, no study has reported only on newlywed men. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate semen quality and assess its characteristics in newlywed men. Methods This study included 564 men visiting our hospital or clinic for fertility screening just before their wedding or as newlywed men. Based on the World Health Organization criteria, the rates of men who did not have a semen volume of ≥1.5 mL, a sperm concentration of ≥15 million/mL, and a sperm motility rate of ≥40% were calculated. The characteristics of the poor semen findings group with any 1 of the 3 items of semen volume, sperm concentration, or sperm motility rate not reaching the reference value were evaluated. Main Outcome Measure Independent factors, which are involved in the poor semen findings group, were evaluated. Results The poor findings in semen volume, sperm concentration, and sperm motility were found in 11.0%, 9.2%, and 10.6%, respectively. The poor semen findings group included 143 men (25.4%) with any 1 of the 3 items not reaching the reference value. As compared to the normal group, age and body mass index were significantly higher, testicular volume was significantly smaller, and blood gamma-glutamyltransferase and fasting blood sugar levels were significantly higher in the poor semen findings group. Logistic multivariate analysis, including symptom questionnaire scores, blood biochemistry items, and endocrinological items, showed 3 independent factors were involved in the poor semen findings group: age, luteinizing hormone, and erection (Erection Hardness Score). Conclusion It was clarified that even among men beginning their attempts at pregnancy, semen findings were poor and erectile dysfunction was involved in poor semen quality in one-quarter of the men. Tsujimura A, Hiramatsu I, Nagashima Y, et al. Erectile Dysfunction is Predictive Symptom for Poor Semen in Newlywed Men in Japan. Sex Med 2019;8:21–29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tsujimura
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Men's Health Clinic Tokyo, Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ippei Hiramatsu
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Men's Health Clinic Tokyo, Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Urology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Department of Urology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ishikawa
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Department of Urology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Uesaka
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taiji Nozaki
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ogishima
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Shirai
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Terai
- Men's Health Clinic Tokyo, Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Minamikoshigaya Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Shigeo Horie
- Men's Health Clinic Tokyo, Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Urology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Van Saen D, Vloeberghs V, Gies I, Mateizel I, Sermon K, De Schepper J, Tournaye H, Goossens E. When does germ cell loss and fibrosis occur in patients with Klinefelter syndrome? Hum Reprod 2019; 33:1009-1022. [PMID: 29684126 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION When does germ cell loss and fibrosis occur in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS)? SUMMARY ANSWER In KS, germ cell loss is not observed in testicular tissue from fetuses in the second semester of pregnancy but present at a prepubertal age when the testicular architecture is still normal, while fibrosis is highly present at an adolescent age. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Most KS patients are azoospermic at adult age because of a massive germ cell loss. However, the timing when this germ cell loss starts is not known. It is assumed that germ cell loss increases at puberty. Therefore, testicular sperm extraction (TESE) at an adolescent age has been suggested to increase the chances of sperm retrieval at onset of spermatogenesis. However, recent data indicate that testicular biopsies from peripubertal KS patients contain only a few germ cells. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In this study, we give an update on fertility preservation in adolescent KS patients and evaluate whether fertility preservation would be beneficial at prepubertal age. The possibility of retrieving testicular spermatozoa by TESE was evaluated in adolescent and adult KS men. The presence of spermatogonia and the degree of fibrosis were also analysed in testicular biopsies from KS patients at different ages. The patients were divided into four age groups: foetal (n = 5), prepubertal (aged 4-7 years; n = 4), peripubertal (aged 12-16 years; n = 20) and adult (aged 18-41 years; n = 27) KS patients. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS In peripubertal and adult KS patients, retrieval of spermatozoa was attempted by semen analysis after masturbation, vibrostimulation, electroejaculation or by TESE. MAGE-A4 immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the presence of germ cells in testicular biopsies from foetal, prepubertal, peripubertal and adult KS patients. Tissue morphology was evaluated by haematoxylin-periodic acid Schiff (H/PAS) staining. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Testicular spermatozoa were collected by TESE in 48.1% of the adult KS patients, while spermatozoa were recovered after TESE in only one peripubertal patient (5.0%). Germ cells were detectable in testicular biopsies from 21% of adult men for whom no spermatozoa could be retrieved by TESE and in 31.5% of peripubertal KS boys. Very small numbers of spermatogonia (0.03-0.06 spermatogonia/tubule) were detected in three out of four (75%) prepubertal patients. At a foetal age, the number of germ cells was similar for KS and control samples. Increased signs of fibrosis were not present at foetal and prepubertal ages, but peripubertal and adult KS patients showed high levels of fibrosis. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Only four prepubertal biopsies were included in this study, but they all showed a very low germ cell number. A high variability in the number of spermatogonia per mm2 was observed in the limited (n = 5) number of foetal biopsies. However, testicular biopsies from prepubertal and foetal Klinefelter patients are difficult to obtain. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Testicular tissue banking at a prepubertal age has been suggested as a potential method for fertility preservation in early diagnosed KS boys. However, our results show that a reduction in germ cell number has already taken place in childhood. Therefore, offering testicular tissue banking in young KS boys to prevent subsequent sterility might be a questionable strategy. However, this should be confirmed in a larger study population. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This project was funded by the scientific Fund Willy Gepts from the UZ Brussel (D.V.S., J.D.S.), grants from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (E.G.) and a Methusalem grant (K.S.). D.V.S is a post-doctoral fellow of the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO; 12M2815N). No conflict of interest is declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Van Saen
- Biology of the Testis, Research Laboratory for Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Vloeberghs
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Gies
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Mateizel
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Sermon
- Reproduction and Genetics, Research Laboratory for Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean De Schepper
- Biology of the Testis, Research Laboratory for Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Pediatric Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - H Tournaye
- Biology of the Testis, Research Laboratory for Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Goossens
- Biology of the Testis, Research Laboratory for Reproduction, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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Steinfeld K, Beyer D, Mühlfeld C, Mietens A, Eichner G, Altinkilic B, Kampschulte M, Jiang Q, Krombach GA, Linn T, Weidner W, Middendorff R. Low testosterone in ApoE/LDL receptor double-knockout mice is associated with rarefied testicular capillaries together with fewer and smaller Leydig cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5424. [PMID: 29615651 PMCID: PMC5882941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The testis as a site for atherosclerotic changes has so far attracted little attention. We used the apolipoprotein E (ApoE)/low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficient mouse model (KO) for atherosclerosis (20, 40, 60 and 87-week-old) to investigate whether Leydig cells or the capillary network are responsible for reduced serum testosterone levels previously observed in extreme ages of this model. In KO mice, overall testosterone levels were reduced whereas the adrenal gland-specific corticosterone was increased excluding a general defect of steroid hormone production. In addition to micro-CT investigations for bigger vessels, stereology revealed a reduction of capillary length, volume and surface area suggesting capillary rarefaction as a factor for diminished testosterone. Stereological analyses of interstitial cells demonstrated significantly reduced Leydig cell numbers and size. These structural changes in the testis occurred on an inflammatory background revealed by qPCR. Reduced litter size of the KO mice suggests hypo- or infertility as a consequence of the testicular defects. Our data suggest reduced testosterone levels in this atherosclerosis model might be explained by both, rarefication of the capillary network and reduced Leydig cell number and size. Thus, this study calls for specific treatment of male infertility induced by microvascular damage through hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Steinfeld
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniela Beyer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Mietens
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerrit Eichner
- Institute of Mathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bora Altinkilic
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marian Kampschulte
- Department of Radiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Qingkui Jiang
- Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Linn
- Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weidner
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Ralf Middendorff
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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5
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Ruthig VA, Nielsen T, Riel JM, Yamauchi Y, Ortega EA, Salvador Q, Ward MA. Testicular abnormalities in mice with Y chromosome deficiencies. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:694-706. [PMID: 28339606 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.144006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently investigated mice with Y chromosome gene contribution limited to two, one, or no Y chromosome genes in respect to their ability to produce haploid round spermatids and live offspring following round spermatid injection. Here we explored the normalcy of germ cells and Sertoli cells within seminiferous tubules, and the interstitial tissue of the testis in these mice. We performed quantitative analysis of spermatogenesis and interstitial tissue on Periodic acid-Schiff and hematoxylin-stained mouse testis sections. The seminiferous epithelium of mice with limited Y gene contribution contained various cellular abnormalities, the total number of which was higher than in the males with an intact Y chromosome. The distribution of specific abnormality types varied among tested genotypes. The males with limited Y genes also had an increased population of testicular macrophages and internal vasculature structures. The data indicate that Y chromosome gene deficiencies in mice are associated with cellular abnormalities of the seminiferous epithelium and some changes within the testicular interstitium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Ruthig
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Torbjoern Nielsen
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM - Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Jonathan M Riel
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Egle A Ortega
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Monika A Ward
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Rebourcet D, Wu J, Cruickshanks L, Smith SE, Milne L, Fernando A, Wallace RJ, Gray CD, Hadoke PWF, Mitchell RT, O'Shaughnessy PJ, Smith LB. Sertoli Cells Modulate Testicular Vascular Network Development, Structure, and Function to Influence Circulating Testosterone Concentrations in Adult Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:2479-88. [PMID: 27145015 PMCID: PMC4891787 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The testicular vasculature forms a complex network, providing oxygenation, micronutrients, and waste clearance from the testis. The vasculature is also instrumental to testis function because it is both the route by which gonadotropins are delivered to the testis and by which T is transported away to target organs. Whether Sertoli cells play a role in regulating the testicular vasculature in postnatal life has never been unequivocally demonstrated. In this study we used models of acute Sertoli cell ablation and acute germ cell ablation to address whether Sertoli cells actively influence vascular structure and function in the adult testis. Our findings suggest that Sertoli cells play a key role in supporting the structure of the testicular vasculature. Ablating Sertoli cells (and germ cells) or germ cells alone results in a similar reduction in testis size, yet only the specific loss of Sertoli cells leads to a reduction in total intratesticular vascular volume, the number of vascular branches, and the numbers of small microvessels; loss of germ cells alone has no effect on the testicular vasculature. These perturbations to the testicular vasculature leads to a reduction in fluid exchange between the vasculature and testicular interstitium, which reduces gonadotropin-stimulated circulating T concentrations, indicative of reduced Leydig cell stimulation and/or reduced secretion of T into the vasculature. These findings describe a new paradigm by which the transport of hormones and other factors into and out of the testis may be influenced by Sertoli cells and highlights these cells as potential targets for enhancing this endocrine relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Rebourcet
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Junxi Wu
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Lyndsey Cruickshanks
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Milne
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Anuruddika Fernando
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Wallace
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Calum D Gray
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick W F Hadoke
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Rod T Mitchell
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J O'Shaughnessy
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Lee B Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (D.R., J.W., L.C., S.E.S., L.M., A.F., R.T.M., L.B.S.), University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science (J.W., P.W.F.H.), and Clinical Research Imaging Centre (C.D.G.), University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics (R.J.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Eh16 4SB, United Kingdom; and Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine (P.J.O.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
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Lee EY, Cho KH. High-dose consumption of NaCl resulted in severe degradation of lipoproteins associated with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and infertility via impairment of testicular spermatogenesis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:557-569. [PMID: 30090370 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the effect of NaCl on serum lipid levels and hypertension is well known, the detailed mechanism of lipoprotein metabolism still remains unclear. To study the physiological effects of high salt consumption on lipoprotein metabolism, NaCl was administered to human cells and zebrafish. Wildtype zebrafish (10-week old) were fed 10% NaCl (wt/wt) in tetrabit diet with or without 4% cholesterol (wt/wt) for 21 weeks. Treatment with NaCl accelerated oxidation and glycation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as induced proteolytic degradation and aggregation. NaCl treatment also exacerbated phagocytosis of oxLDL into macrophage as well as cytotoxicity. The consumption of high salt diet (HSD, final 5% or 10% in diet, wt/wt) supplemented with or without 4% cholesterol for 21 weeks resulted in a remarkable elevation of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and hepatic inflammation levels in zebrafish with significant weight loss. Fertility based on egg production was reduced by up to 45% in the HSD group. However, embryonic survivability after hatching was significantly lowered to less than 55%, whereas the control group showed 87% survival. The HSD group showed abnormal testicular histology as well as spermatogenic defects, especially upon the consumption of HCD. These results suggest that hyperlipidemia and high salt consumption have an additive effect on male fertility impairment. High salt consumption exacerbates hyperlipidemia, inflammation, spermatogenic defects, and infertility via a modification of lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Lee
- School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-53-810-3026.,Research Institute of Protein Sensor , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea.,BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Cho
- School of Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-53-810-3026.,Research Institute of Protein Sensor , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea.,BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , 712-749 , Republic of Korea
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Bschleipfer T, Dannenmaier AK, Illig C, Kreisel M, Gattenlöhner S, Langheinrich AC, Krombach GA, Weidner W, Kampschulte M. Systemic Atherosclerosis Causes Detrusor Overactivity: Functional and Morphological Changes in Hyperlipoproteinemic apoE–/–LDLR–/–Mice. J Urol 2015; 193:345-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bschleipfer
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Dannenmaier
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Illig
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Melanie Kreisel
- Institute for Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gattenlöhner
- Institute for Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander C. Langheinrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, BG Trauma Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Gabriele A. Krombach
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weidner
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marian Kampschulte
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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