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Fukuoka R, Kawasaki T, Umeji K, Orita Y, Koga H, Hirai K, Haraguchi K, Fukami Y, Kajiyama K, Soejiyma T. Novel Stentless Strategy With Perfusion and Drug-Coated Balloons for Treating Acute Coronary Syndrome. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2024; 3:101175. [PMID: 39131990 PMCID: PMC11307623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background The challenge with the stentless strategy is that the method of optimal predilatation, and predictors of success remain unknown. Studies involving the stentless strategy prior to predilatation are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of a new stentless strategy for treating acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using gradual, prolonged predilation with a perfusion balloon combined with a drug-coated balloon (DCB). Methods This was a single-center, prospective, single-arm study. A total of 30 patients with ACS underwent gradual, prolonged predilation using a perfusion balloon for 10 minutes, followed by additional dilation using a DCB. The primary end point was target vessel failure at 24 months. Secondary end points were a composite of acute end points, including stentless strategy success rate, procedural complications, final grade of coronary dissection, acute coronary occlusion, in-hospital major adverse cardiac events, and a chronic end point of target vessel failure at 24 months. Results A successful stentless strategy was achieved in 24 patients (80%), and 2 (8.3%) patients required ischemic-driven target lesion revascularization in the chronic phase. Six (20%) patients required stent placement due to type C dissection or acute recoil. No acute occlusion and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events were reported. Conclusions A novel stentless strategy using predilation with a perfusion balloon and DCB may be helpful for the revascularization of patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Fukuoka
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
| | | | - Kyoko Umeji
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Orita
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
| | - Hisashi Koga
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hirai
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
| | | | - Yurie Fukami
- Cardiovascular Center, Shin-Koga Hospital, Kurume City, Japan
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de Lima AD, Guido MC, Tavares ER, Carvalho PO, Marques AF, de Melo MDT, Salemi VMC, Kalil-Filho R, Maranhão RC. The Expression of Lipoprotein Receptors Is Increased in the Infarcted Area After Myocardial Infarction Induced in Rats With Cardiac Dysfunction. Lipids 2018; 53:177-187. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline D. de Lima
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Maria C. Guido
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Elaine R. Tavares
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Priscila O. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Alyne F. Marques
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Marcelo D. T. de Melo
- Heart Failure Unit and Clinical Cardiology Division; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Vera M. C. Salemi
- Heart Failure Unit and Clinical Cardiology Division; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil-Filho
- Heart Failure Unit and Clinical Cardiology Division; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
| | - Raul C. Maranhão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids; Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of São Paulo; Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bl. 2, 1o.SS, São Paulo SP, 05403-900 Brazil
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The Effects of Diabetes Induction on the Rat Heart: Differences in Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Cells, and Fibrosis between Subendocardial and Interstitial Myocardial Areas. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5343972. [PMID: 28781721 PMCID: PMC5525092 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5343972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by cardiac remodeling and impaired diastolic function that may lead to heart failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis in both subendocardial (SEN) and interstitial (INT) areas of the myocardium. Male Wistar rats were allocated to 2 groups of 9 animals, a control (CT) group and streptozotocin-induced diabetes (DM). After 8 weeks, echocardiography morphometry, protein expression, and confocal microscopy in SEN and INT areas of the left ventricle (LV) were performed. The echocardiographic analysis showed that diabetes induction leads to cardiac dilation, hypertrophy, and LV diastolic dysfunction. As compared to CT, the induction of diabetes increased inflammatory cells and fibrosis in both SEN and INT areas of DM myocardium and increased ROS generation only in SEN. Comparing the SEN and INT areas in the DM group, inflammatory cells and fibrosis in SEN were greater than in INT. In conclusion, diabetic myocardium SEN area, wherein oxidative stress was more pronounced, is more susceptible to cardiac dysfunction than INT area. This finding can be important for the understanding of the heart remodeling process occurring in DCM and perhaps to engender targeted therapies to attenuate or revert DCM-related diastolic dysfunction.
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Maranhão RC, Guido MC, de Lima AD, Tavares ER, Marques AF, Tavares de Melo MD, Nicolau JC, Salemi VM, Kalil-Filho R. Methotrexate carried in lipid core nanoparticles reduces myocardial infarction size and improves cardiac function in rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:3767-3784. [PMID: 28553113 PMCID: PMC5440040 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s129324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is accompanied by myocardial inflammation, fibrosis, and ventricular remodeling that, when excessive or not properly regulated, may lead to heart failure. Previously, lipid core nanoparticles (LDE) used as carriers of the anti-inflammatory drug methotrexate (MTX) produced an 80-fold increase in the cell uptake of MTX. LDE-MTX treatment reduced vessel inflammation and atheromatous lesions induced in rabbits by cholesterol feeding. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of LDE-MTX on rats with MI, compared with commercial MTX treatment. Materials and methods Thirty-eight Wistar rats underwent left coronary artery ligation and were treated with LDE-MTX, or with MTX (1 mg/kg intraperitoneally, once/week, starting 24 hours after surgery) or with LDE without drug (MI-controls). A sham-surgery group (n=12) was also included. Echocardiography was performed 24 hours and 6 weeks after surgery. The animals were euthanized and their hearts were analyzed for morphometry, protein expression, and confocal microscopy. Results LDE-MTX treatment achieved a 40% improvement in left ventricular (LV) systolic function and reduced cardiac dilation and LV mass, as shown by echocardiography. LDE-MTX reduced the infarction size, myocyte hypertrophy and necrosis, number of inflammatory cells, and myocardial fibrosis, as shown by morphometric analysis. LDE-MTX increased antioxidant enzymes; decreased apoptosis, macrophages, reactive oxygen species production; and tissue hypoxia in non-infarcted myocardium. LDE-MTX increased adenosine bioavailability in the LV by increasing adenosine receptors and modulating adenosine catabolic enzymes. LDE-MTX increased the expression of myocardial vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) associated with adenosine release; this correlated not only with an increase in angiogenesis, but also with other parameters improved by LDE-MTX, suggesting that VEGF increase played an important role in the beneficial effects of LDE-MTX. Overall effects of commercial MTX were minor, and did not improve LV function or infarction size. Both treatments did not induce any toxicity. Conclusion The remarkable improvement in heart function and reduction in infarction size achieved by LDE-MTX supports future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul C Maranhão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Lipids.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo D Tavares de Melo
- Heart Failure Unit, Clinical Cardiology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Heart Failure Unit, Clinical Cardiology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Mc Salemi
- Heart Failure Unit, Clinical Cardiology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil-Filho
- Heart Failure Unit, Clinical Cardiology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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de Oliveira-Fonoff AM, Mady C, Pessoa FG, Fonseca KCB, Salemi VMC, Fernandes F, Saldiva PHN, Ramires FJA. The role of air pollution in myocardial remodeling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176084. [PMID: 28426774 PMCID: PMC5398702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive air pollution in urban environments can impact morbidity and mortality. The authors evaluated the role of particulate matter2.5 (PM2.5) in structural, geometric, and functional remodeling in hearts, using an experimental model of myocardial infarction. Methods and findings Seventy-five rats were divided into 5 groups: control (CG), CG exposed to PM2.5 pollution (CGP), myocardial infarcted group (MI), infarcted group immediately exposed to pollution (IGP-I), and infarcted group previously exposed to pollution and kept exposed after infarction (IGP-II). Greater deposition of interstitial collagen occurred in the left ventricle in CGP, MI, IGP-I, and IGP-II groups compared with that in controls (p = 0.002 CG vs CGP and p<0.0001 CG vs MI, IGP-I, and IGP-II). In the right ventricle, greater collagen deposition existed in CGP, MI, IGP-I, and IGP-II compared with that in CG (p<0.021 CG vs CGP and p<0.0001 CG vs MI, IGP-I, and IGP-II). At the end of the study, CG had a higher mean shortening fraction than the other groups had (p≤0.03). Left ventricular systolic diameter was lower in CG than in infarcted groups (p≤0.003). The infarcted groups had greater expression of TGF-β (p≤0.04). PM2.5 increased the expression of TGF-β in the IGP-II compared with the MI group (p = 0.004). The TNF-α gene was overexpressed in the IGP-II compared with the CGP group (p = 0.012). INF-γ gene expression was greater in IGP-II (p≤0.01). Oxidative stress analysis showed a higher glutathione concentration in CGP (p = 0.03), MI (p = 0.014), and IGP-I (p = 0.008) compared with that in CG. Conclusions PM2.5 stimulates the deposition of fibrosis in the myocardium of healthy hearts, but not in infarcted hearts. PM2.5 modulates the inflammatory response, which was greater in the IGP-II group. It also modulates oxidative stress in healthy hearts but not in infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. de Oliveira-Fonoff
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C. Mady
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F. G. Pessoa
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K. C. B. Fonseca
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V. M. C. Salemi
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F. Fernandes
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P. H. N. Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F. J. A. Ramires
- Cardiomyopathy Unit at the Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Maldonado-Menetti JDS, Vitor T, Edelmuth RCL, Ferrante FA, Souza PRDM, Koike MK. Borage oil attenuates progression of cardiac remodeling in rats after myocardial infarction. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:190-7. [PMID: 27050790 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160030000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of Borage oil on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Male Wistar rats underwent ligation of the left coronary artery and divided into three groups: MI (control), BO-18 (18 mg/kg of borage oil) and BO-180 (180 mg/kg of borage oil). After seven days, heart was arrested in diastole and processed for histological evaluation of: MI size, LV dilation, myocyte hypertrophy, inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in MI region and in remote region. The relative weight of the lung was used as a marker of heart failure. The MI size was comparable among groups. RESULTS Compared to control, BO treated groups showed lower weight of heart and lungs, reduced LV dilation and myocyte hypertrophy. Hemodynamic measurements were comparable. The treatment attenuated the inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in remote myocardium. CONCLUSION Borage oil attenuates progression of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taise Vitor
- Hospital Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Mazzo FRR, de Carvalho Frimm C, Moretti AIS, Guido MC, Koike MK. Acute aortocaval fistula: role of low perfusion pressure and subendocardial remodeling on left ventricular function. Int J Exp Pathol 2013; 94:178-87. [PMID: 23593971 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental model of aortocaval fistula is a useful model of cardiac hypertrophy in response to volume overload. In the present study it has been used to investigate the pathologic subendocardial remodeling associated with the development of heart failure during the early phases (day 1, 3, and 7) following volume overload. Compared with sham treated rats, aortocaval fistula rats showed lower systemic blood pressure and higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure This resulted in lower coronary driving pressure and left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Signs of myocyte necrosis, leukocyte cell infiltration, fibroplasia and collagen deposition appeared sequentially in the subendocardium where remodeling was more prominent than in the non-subendocardium. Accordingly, increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6, and enhanced MMP-2 activity were all found in the subendocardium of rats with coronary driving pressure ≤ 60 mmHg. The coronary driving pressure was inversely correlated with MMP-2 activity in subendocardium in all time-points studied, and blood flow in this region showed positive correlation with systolic and diastolic function at day 7. Thus the predominant subendocardial remodeling that occurs in response to low myocardial perfusion pressure during the acute phases of aortocaval fistula contributes to early left ventricular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia R R Mazzo
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, LIM-51, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Chen J, Petrov A, Yaniz-Galende E, Liang L, de Haas HJ, Narula J, Hajjar RJ. The impact of pressure overload on coronary vascular changes following myocardial infarction in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 304:H719-28. [PMID: 23275620 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00793.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of pressure overload on vascular changes after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. To evaluate the effect of pressure overload, MI was induced in three groups: 1) left coronary artery ligation for 1 mo (MI-1m), 2) ischemia 30 min/reperfusion for 1 mo (I/R-1m), and 3) ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was performed after pressure overload induced by aortic banding for 2 mo; 1 mo post-I/R, aortic constriction was released (Ab+I/R+DeAb). Heart function was assessed by echocardiography and in vivo hemodynamics. Resin casting and three-dimensional imaging with microcomputed tomography were used to characterize changes in coronary vasculature. TTC (triphenyltetrazohum chloride) staining and Masson's Trichrome were conducted in parallel experiments. In normal rats, MI induced by I/R and permanent occlusion was transmural or subendocardial. Occluded arterial branches vanished in MI-1m rats. A short residual tail was retained, distal to the occluded site in the ischemic area in I/R-1m hearts. Vascular pathological changes in transmural MI mostly occurred in ischemic areas and remote vasculature remained normal. In pressure overloaded rats, I/R injury induced a sub-MI in which ischemia was transmural, but myocardium in the involved area had survived. The ischemic arterial branches were preserved even though the capillaries were significantly diminished and the pathological changes were extended to remote areas, characterized by fibrosis, atrial thrombus, and pulmonary edema in the Ab+I/R+DeAb group. Pressure overload could increase vascular tolerance to I/R injury, but also trigger severe global ventricular fibrosis and results in atrial thrombus and pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiu Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Ruan W, Lu L, Zhang Q, Cao M, Zhu ZB, Wang LJ, Shen WF. Serial assessment of left ventricular remodeling and function by echo-tissue Doppler imaging after myocardial infarction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic swine. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009; 22:530-6. [PMID: 19450744 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2009.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the value of Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in detecting serial changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry and function after myocardial infarction (MI) in diabetic swine. METHODS Thirteen minipigs with streptozotocin-induced diabetes for 1 month and 13 controls were subjected to occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Echocardiography and DTI were performed before, 30 minutes, 90 minutes, and 4 weeks after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. RESULTS At baseline, LV end-diastolic volume and mass were greater in pigs with diabetes. After MI, LV ejection fractions and systolic mitral annular velocities were decreased and LV chambers dilated in both groups, which were exacerbated in animals with diabetes. At 30 minutes, 90 minutes, and 4 weeks after MI, strain rates were significantly lower in both infarct and noninfarct areas in the diabetic group than in controls. CONCLUSIONS DTI proved to be a useful tool in the serial assessment of subclinical LV dysfunction after MI in pigs with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Lu L, Zhang Q, Pu LJ, Peng WH, Yan XX, Wang LJ, Chen QJ, Zhu ZB, Michel JB, Shen WF. Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors is related to abnormality of left ventricular geometry and function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic minipigs. Int J Exp Pathol 2008; 89:125-37. [PMID: 18336530 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2008.00579.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in relation to changes in left ventricle (LV) geometry and function in a porcine model with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. In 15 Chinese Guizhou minipigs with STZ-induced diabetes (diabetic group) and 15 age-matched normal controls (control group), Doppler tissue imaging was performed at 6 months of diabetes. Serum MMP-2, -9, TIMP-1, -4 and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined. Expression of MMPs, TIMPs, urokinase type-plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in aortic intima and LV myocardium was evaluated, with gelatinolytic activities of tissue MMP-2, -9 accessed by zymography. Left ventricle end-diastolic septum thickness (P < 0.05) and mass (P < 0.05) were increased, whereas peak systolic mitral annulus velocity (Sm, P < 0.001), LV systolic (P = 0.01) and diastolic strain (P < 0.001) were significantly decreased in diabetic group than in controls. Diabetic group showed higher expression of TIMP-1, -4 in aortic intima and LV myocardium (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), with increased collagen content and elevated serum BNP level (P = 0.004) and lower gelatinolytic activities of tissue MMP-2, -9 (all P < 0.05). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR of those diabetic tissues revealed elevated mRNA levels of major TIMPs, uPA, uPAR and PAI-1. Reduction of serum MMP-2 and -9 levels was observed in diabetic group vs. control group (both P < 0.05). This study features elevated levels of TIMP-1, -4, uPA, uPAR and PAI-1, and decreased activities of MMP-2, -9 in aorta and myocardium in STZ-induced diabetic minipigs, indicating that MMP-TIMP dysregulation is associated with LV hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction and increased cardiovascular fibrosis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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