Response surface methodology optimisation of immobilisedLactobacillus acidophilusbanana puree fermentation

Probiotic-fortified fruit juices: Health benefits, challenges, and future perspective

Consumers' growing interest in using foods that improve health has motivated researchers and the food industry to develop new functional products, such as foods containing probiotics or live microbes. Probiotics have functional attributes that could satisfy most basic nutritional and therapeutic supplementation requirements. These microbes positively respond to clinical therapies against diseases and illnesses such as rotavirus-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and food allergies. Moreover, the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and diseases related to pathogenic microbes is an exciting and rapidly advancing research arena. Probiotic supplementation usually involves dairy products. However, because of the growing number of individuals affected by lactose intolerance and/or vegans, other food matrices like fruits, vegetables, cereals, and so on, have been studied as potential carriers for these microorganisms, presenting an alternative and better source in the process of assessing novel probiotic strains. The present review discusses the various factors affecting the survival of probiotics during storage in fruit juices, the possible effect of probiotics on sensory attributes and the overall acceptance of the products, and future technologies to improve the viability of probiotics.

Review on Non-Dairy Probiotics and Their Use in Non-Dairy Based Products

Consumer demands for foods promoting health while preventing diseases have led to development of functional foods that contain probiotic bacteria. Fermented dairy products are good substrates for probiotic delivery, but the large number of lactose intolerant people, their high fat and cholesterol content and also due to the growing vegetarianism the consumers are seeking for alternatives. Therefore, researches have been widely studied the feasibility of probiotic bacteria in non-dairy products such as fruits, vegetables, and cereals. This review describes the application of probiotic cultures in non-dairy food products.

Trends in dairy and non-dairy probiotic products - a review

Health awareness has grown to a greater extent among consumers and they are looking for healthy probiotic counterparts. Keeping in this view, the present review focuses recent developments in dairy and non-dairy probiotic products. All over the world, dairy probiotics are being commercialized in many different forms. However, the allergy and lactose intolerance are the major set-backs to dairy probiotics. Whereas, flavor and refreshing nature are the major advantages of non-dairy drinks, especially fruit juices. Phenotypic and genotypic similarities between dairy and non-dairy probiotics along with the matrix dependency of cell viability and cell functionality are reviewed. The heterogeneous food matrices of non-dairy food carriers are the major constraints for the survival of the probiotics, while the probiotic strains from non-dairy sources are satisfactory. Technological and functional properties, besides the viability of the probiotics used in fermented products of non-dairy origin are extremely important to get a competitive advantage in the world market. The functional attributes of dairy and non-dairy probiotic products are further enhanced by adding prebiotics such as galacto-oligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide and inulin.

Soy whey based medium for optimized phytase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC 5421 and α-D-galactosidase and antibacterial activities in Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 5422 by response surface methodology

Soy whey based growth medium for yeast enabled the native isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC 5421 to produce 198 U/ml of phytase activity against that of 135 U/ml in potato dextrose broth. In the same medium for lactic acid bacteria, the isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 5422 was able to elaborate α-D-galactosidase activity of 10.6 U/ml in comparison to 6 U/ml in Lactobacillus MRS broth. Using this formulated medium, a central composite experimental design based on 5 variables of 3 factors namely incubation temperature, pH level and incubation period showed that S. cerevisiae could produce 200 U/ml of phytase in 36 h at 30 °C and pH 3.5. Similarly, L. plantarum in 33 h at 37 °C and pH 6.6 exhibited 14.2 U/ml of α-D-galactosidase activity, whereas the antibacterial activity of 14.4 AU/ml against Bacillus cereus was evident in 42 h at 42 °C and pH 6.0. The phytase and antibacterial activity units visualized in response surface plots were more or less close to those obtained with the experimental design treatments.

Non-dairy probiotic beverages: the next step into human health

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. The two main genera of microorganisms indicated as sources of probiotic bacteria are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Historically used to produce fermented dairy products, certain strains of both genera are increasingly utilised to formulate other functional foods. As the consumers’ understanding of the role of probiotics in health grows, so does the popularity of food containing them. The result of this phenomenon is an increase in the number of probiotic foods available for public consumption, including a rapidly-emerging variety of probiotic-containing non-dairy beverages, which provide a convenient way to improve and maintain health. However, the composition of non-dairy probiotic beverages can pose specific challenges to the survival of the health conferring microorganisms. To overcome these challenges, strain selection and protection techniques play an integral part in formulating a stable product. This review discusses non-dairy probiotic beverages, characteristics of an optimal beverage, and commonly used probiotic strains, including spore-forming bacteria. It also examines the most recent developments in probiotic encapsulation technology with focus on nano-fibre formation as a means of protecting viable cells. Utilising bacteria's natural armour or creating barrier mechanisms via encapsulation technology will fuel development of stable non-dairy probiotic beverages.