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Yokomizo A, Nagae H, Athurupana R, Nakatsuka M. Collaborative support for child abuse prevention: Perspectives of public health nurses and midwives regarding pregnant and postpartum women of concern. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281362. [PMID: 36877696 PMCID: PMC9987797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Child abuse is a globally prevalent problem, and its numbers have continuously increased in Japan over the past 30 years. Prevention of child abuse depends on the support available to pregnant and postpartum women from the time of pregnancy. Public health nurses and midwives are expected to provide preventive support in cooperation, as they can support pregnant and postpartum women from close proximity and recognize their health problems and potential signs of child abuse. This study aimed to deduce the characteristics of pregnant and postpartum women of concern, as observed by public health nurses and midwives, from the perspective of child abuse prevention. The participants comprised ten public health nurses and ten midwives with five or more years of experience working at the Okayama Prefecture municipal health centers and obstetric medical institutions. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview survey and analyzed qualitatively and descriptively using an inductive approach. The characteristics of pregnant and postpartum women, as confirmed by public health nurses, included four main categories: having "difficulties in daily life;" "a sense of discomfort of not feeling like a normal pregnant woman;" "difficulty in child-rearing behavior;" and "multiple risk factors checked by objective indicators using an assessment tool." The characteristics observed by midwives were grouped into four main categories: "mental and physical safety of the mother is in jeopardy;" have "difficulty in child-rearing behavior;" "difficulties in maintaining relationships with the surrounding people;" and "multiple risk factors recognized by an assessment tool." Public health nurses evaluated pregnant and postpartum women's daily life factors, while midwives evaluated the mothers' health conditions, their feelings toward the fetus, and stable child-rearing skills. To prevent child abuse, they utilized their respective specialties to observe those pregnant and postpartum women of concern with multiple risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Yokomizo
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Medical and Welfare Sciences, Kibi International University, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroko Nagae
- Kameda University of Health Science, Kamogawa City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
| | - Rukmali Athurupana
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
| | - Mikiya Nakatsuka
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
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Muirden CE, Appleton JV. Health and social care practitioners' experiences of exercising professional curiosity in child protection practice: An integrative review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e3885-e3903. [PMID: 36281954 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This integrative review aims to evaluate the experiences of health and social care practitioners with regard to how they exercise professional curiosity in child protection practice. Professional curiosity gained significant currency following the Munro Review of Child Protection (2010) in England, as a means of seeking clarity on what is happening within a family. However, a recurrent finding from child safeguarding practice reviews is that practitioners continue to struggle to exercise curiosity. This is evident within both the United Kingdom and international literature, although descriptors for the concept may differ. This study attempted to identify facilitators and barriers to applying professional curiosity to provide a greater understanding of this theoretical concept. Title and abstract review of 1428 articles identified from databases and 11 from other sources resulted in 52 papers for full-text review. The quality of each article was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool for qualitative studies, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for quantitative/mixed method studies and the Joanna Briggs framework for theoretical/opinion papers. Key findings were recorded in the Summary Table of Literature Reviewed. Data extracts were thematically analysed. Twenty-four papers predominantly from the UK, but also from Australia, Italy, Sweden and USA formed the data set. Overarching themes that emerged from the thematic analysis included: noticing dissonance, emitting curiosity, constructing meaning, facilitators, individual professional challenges, organisational and macro-level influences and conceptual development. This review demonstrated that professional curiosity is multifaceted and involves a whole system approach, from empowered, knowledgeable and competent frontline practitioners to creative, innovative and empathic organisations, that value staff contributions and place the child's best interests at the forefront of service development. Recommendations are made for practice and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane V Appleton
- Formerly Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK ('retired')
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Foli KJ, VanGraafeiland B, Snethen JA, Greenberg CS. Caring for nontraditional families: Kinship, foster, and adoptive. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2022; 27:e12388. [PMID: 35702024 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Information about nontraditional (kinship, foster, and adoptive) families is typically scattered or overlooked both in nursing education and nursing practice settings. Using a nursing-centric, population-focused lens, the current state of nontraditional families in the United States is briefly described. An overview of the challenges and psychological dynamics involved when a nonbiological parent assumes the role of caregiver is provided. CONCLUSION Based on the 2010 Census findings and other indicators, we now understand that nontraditional families and their children make up a considerable portion of the population. Nurses, regardless of level of practice, have the potential to positively impact health outcomes of nontraditional parents and their children. Knowledge of the formation and needs of nontraditional families can inform, and improve, culturally safe, trauma-informed nursing care. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This discussion is a first step in appreciating the formation of nontraditional families and the importance of trauma-informed, unbiased, nonstereotypic discourse in nursing care. By describing the heterogeneity of how families are built through kinship care, foster placements, and adoptive homes, nurses' assessments and interventions will be informed and through a lens of the high potential for past traumas. With this foundational knowledge, nurses interfacing with nontraditional families are better prepared to provide much needed support and relevant care for this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Foli
- Purdue University School of Nursing, Johnson Hall of Nursing, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Julia A Snethen
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Cindy Smith Greenberg
- College of Health & Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
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Macedo CM, Egry EY. Conceptual frameworks for programs addressing violence against children: a scoping review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2021; 55:e20200182. [PMID: 34605530 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2020-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Map the conceptual frameworks for programs addressing violence against children developed in primary health care. METHOD This is a scoping review that followed the methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. A reference manager and qualitative analysis software were used for data management and analysis. RESULTS 1,346 studies were pre-selected and analyzed. The final sample consisted of 24 studies, mostly published in the 2000s. Three strategic actions were identified in programs: Home Visitation, Children Exposed to Violence, and Parenting Development, most of them focused on the level of intervention. No study explained the conceptual frameworks guiding the programs. CONCLUSION Mapped programs were well structured and essential for addressing domestic violence against children. They mainly adopted the multi-causal concept to understand the health-disease process, which was restricted to overcoming the contradictions of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Monteiro Macedo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Emiko Yoshikawa Egry
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Jack SM, Gonzalez A, Marcellus L, Tonmyr L, Varcoe C, Van Borek N, Sheehan D, MacKinnon K, Campbell K, Catherine N, Kurtz Landy C, MacMillan HL, Waddell C. Public Health Nurses' Professional Practices to Prevent, Recognize, and Respond to Suspected Child Maltreatment in Home Visiting: An Interpretive Descriptive Study. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2021; 8:2333393621993450. [PMID: 33628866 PMCID: PMC7882742 DOI: 10.1177/2333393621993450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this analysis was to understand public health nurses’ experiences in preventing and addressing suspected child maltreatment within the context of home visiting. The principles of interpretive description guided study decisions and data were generated from interviews with 47 public health nurses. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings highlighted that public health nurses have an important role in the primary prevention of child maltreatment. These nurses described a six-step process for managing their duty to report suspected child maltreatment within the context of nurse-client relationships. When indicators of suspected child maltreatment were present, examination of experiential practice revealed that nurses developed reporting processes that maximized child safety, highlighted maternal strengths, and created opportunities to maintain the nurse-client relationship. Even with child protection involvement, public health nurses have a central role in continuing to work with families to develop safe and competent parenting skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lil Tonmyr
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Debbie Sheehan
- Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Einboden R, Rudge T, Varcoe C. Beyond and around mandatory reporting in nursing practice: Interrupting a series of deferrals. Nurs Inq 2019; 26:e12285. [PMID: 30801853 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nurses are well positioned to contribute to child protection efforts but are underutilised. This paper describes a critical discursive analysis of nursing responses to child neglect and abuse (CN&A) in British Columbia, Canada. Legal and practice guidelines were analysed alongside nurse interview texts, offering a glimpse into how nurses prevent CN&A in their everyday practice with families. Results show how the primacy of mandatory reporting to child protection authorities coordinates a series of deferrals and how nurses engage with and interrupt these deferrals in everyday practice. Nurses' relational approaches are essential to gain access to the private sphere of the family to assess, plan, elicit cooperation with interventions and monitor the situation. They considered reporting to be one among many possible responses. This study highlights how nursing contributions to prevention are largely overlooked and points to the potential for a more significant role for nurses in a public health approach to child protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Einboden
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Trudy Rudge
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Colleen Varcoe
- The University of British Columbia School of Nursing, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Li X, Yue Q, Wang S, Wang H, Jiang J, Gong L, Liu W, Huang X, Xu T. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of healthcare professionals regarding child maltreatment in China. Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:869-875. [PMID: 28809059 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new, recently issued national law and regulation in China conferred the responsibility of healthcare professionals in child maltreatment intervention. However, few studies have reported on the recognition and reporting of child maltreatment by healthcare professionals in China. The aim of this study was to assess healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and self-perceived behaviour in terms of identifying, assessing, and reporting child maltreatment cases in China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 877 healthcare professionals from four provinces was conducted using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS The respondents demonstrated insufficient knowledge on identifying potential child maltreatment cases. Over 30% of them were less than confident in the medical examination, evaluation, and treatment of child maltreatment cases, especially with regard to cases involving sexual abuse. Only 3.19% of respondents had ever received training on child maltreatment intervention, and as a result, lack of knowledge with regard to dealing with child maltreatment cases, referral procedures, and regulations was indicated to be the main cause of underreporting. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professionals in China have insufficient knowledge, skills, and confidence when it comes to dealing with all aspects of child maltreatment. Although participants reported a positive attitude towards their role in detecting and reporting child maltreatment cases, there are obstacles that hinder them from doing so. Appropriate training courses should be developed to empower professionals with knowledge and skills, as well as increase their confidence in dealing with suspected child maltreatment cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Q Yue
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - S Wang
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - H Wang
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - J Jiang
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - L Gong
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - W Liu
- School of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - T Xu
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
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Lavigne JL, Portwood SG, Warren-Findlow J, Brunner Huber LR. Pediatric Inpatient Nurses' Perceptions of Child Maltreatment. J Pediatr Nurs 2017; 34:17-22. [PMID: 28215447 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of child maltreatment among inpatient pediatric nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was used to obtain responses to an online survey designed to examine perceptions of child maltreatment from inpatient pediatric nurses. RESULTS Many nurses surveyed (41.25%) indicated that they had not received adequate training or had never received training on child maltreatment identification and many (40%) also indicated they were not familiar with the applicable reporting laws. CONCLUSIONS Due to the serious immediate and long term effects of child maltreatment, it is imperative that pediatric inpatient nurses have adequate training on how to identify potential abuse and neglect cases, as well as legal reporting requirements, since they are in a unique position to identify potential cases of maltreatment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS There is a continuing need for training on child maltreatment identification and reporting laws for inpatient pediatric nurses.
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Barrett E, Denieffe S, Bergin M, Gooney M. An exploration of paediatric nurses’ views of caring for infants who have suffered nonaccidental injury. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:2274-2285. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barrett
- Paediatric Unit; Cork University Hospital; Wilton Cork Ireland
| | - Suzanne Denieffe
- Department of Nursing and Health Care; Waterford Institute of Technology; Waterford Ireland
| | - Michael Bergin
- Department of Nursing and Health Care; Waterford Institute of Technology; Waterford Ireland
| | - Martina Gooney
- Department of Nursing and Health Care; Waterford Institute of Technology; Waterford Ireland
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Fraser S, Grant J, Mannix T. Maternal Child and Family Health Nurses: Delivering a Unique Nursing Speciality. Matern Child Health J 2016; 20:2557-2564. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Engh Kraft L, Rahm G, Eriksson UB. School Nurses Avoid Addressing Child Sexual Abuse. J Sch Nurs 2016; 33:133-142. [DOI: 10.1177/1059840516633729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a global public health problem with major consequences for the individual child and society. An earlier Swedish study showed that the school nurses did not initially talk about nor mention CSA as one form of child abuse. For the child to receive adequate support, the disclosure is a precondition and is dependent on an available person prepared to listen. The aim of the study was to explore the ability of the school nurses to detect and support sexually abused children. It is a secondary analysis of focus group interviews with school nurses. Thematic analysis was performed. Results showed that the school nurses avoided addressing CSA due to arousal of strong emotions, ambivalence, and a complicated disclosure process. In order to detect CSA and support abused children, attentiveness of sexual abuse as a possible cause of physical and mental ill-health is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbet Engh Kraft
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - GullBritt Rahm
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Borimnejad L, Khoshnavay Fomani F. Child Abuse Reporting Barriers: Iranian Nurses' Experiences. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e22296. [PMID: 26430523 PMCID: PMC4587344 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.22296v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although in many countries child abuse reporting is mandated, Iranian nurses report abused cases voluntary. Some of the cases are reported to the police and others are referred to welfare organizations or other non-governmental organizations. Absence of a uniform reporting system along with a lack of legal support in the specific cultural context of Iran has resulted challenges for the reporters of child abuse. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the Iranian nurses’ experiences of reporting child abuse as well as to explore the existing barriers. Patients and Methods: A qualitative study with conventional content analysis was conducted to explore the barriers of reporting child abuse. Individual interviews between 30 and 45 minutes in duration were conducted with a purposive sample of 16 nurses with direct experience of dealing with children who had been abused. Graneheim and Lundman’s method was used for data analysis. Results: The data were classified to five themes including “knowledge deficit”, “previous unpleasant experiences about child abuse reporting”, “ethical challenges”,” legal challenges” and “cultural beliefs”. Conclusions: According to the findings, enhancement of nurses and public knowledge about child abuse, legal issues and jurisprudence along with legislation of clear and simple laws, are mandatory to protect abused children in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Borimnejad
- Center for Nursing Care Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2166933600, Fax: +98-2166941668, E-mail:
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Chen YW, Huang JJ, Lu TH, Feng JY. Clinical competency in child maltreatment for community nurses in Taiwan. Int J Nurs Pract 2015; 21 Suppl 1:21-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing; National Cheng Kung University Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Department of Family Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsueh Lu
- Institute of Public Health; College of Medicine; National Chen Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Feng
- Department of Nursing; National Cheng Kung University and Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
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Phelan A, Davis M. Lessons Learned: Public Health Nurses Practice in Safeguarding Children in the Republic of Ireland. Glob Pediatr Health 2015; 2:2333794X15574087. [PMID: 27335944 PMCID: PMC4784619 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x15574087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The public health nurses’ scope of practice explicitly includes child protection within their role, which places them in a prime position to identify child protection concerns. This role compliments that of other professions and voluntary agenices who work with children. Public health nurses are in a privileged position as they form a relationship with the child’s parent(s)/guardian(s) and are able to see the child in its own environment, which many professionals cannot. Child protection in Ireland, while influenced by other countries, has progressed through a distinct pathway that streamlined protocols and procedures. However, despite the above serious failures have occurred in the Irish system, and inquiries over the past 20 years persistently present similar contributing factors, namely, the lack of standardized and comprehensive service responses. Moreover, poor practice is compounded by the lack of recognition of the various interactional processes taking place within and between the different agencies of child protection, leading to psychological barriers in communication. This article will explore the lessons learned for public health nurses practice in safeguarding children in the Republic of Ireland.
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Blythe S, Halcomb E, Wilkes L, Jackson D. Caring for vulnerable children: Challenges of mothering in the Australian foster care system. Contemp Nurse 2014; 44:87-98. [DOI: 10.5172/conu.2013.44.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Kraft LE, Eriksson UB. The School Nurse's Ability to Detect and Support Abused Children: A Trust-Creating Process. J Sch Nurs 2014; 31:353-62. [PMID: 25239920 DOI: 10.1177/1059840514550483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Child abuse has negative health consequences. Early detection and preventive measures lead to avoidance of prolonged and more complex problems. School nurses have a child protection role and should pay attention to vulnerable children. Through health dialogues and other interactions with pupils, school nurses have the opportunity to detect child abuse. The aim of the study was to explore how school nurses detect child abuse and initiate support measures. Focus group interviews were conducted with 23 school nurses. The data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Results showed that the main concern of the school nurses was support and assistance to children who are abused which was preceded by a trust-creating and trust-strengthening process. Trust contains self-confidence and confidence in the system and trust can be strengthened or undermined. Building trustful relations is time consuming and is facilitated by networking, refined assessment instruments, and collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbet Engh Kraft
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Roia A, Paviotti E, Ferluga V, Montico M, Monasta L, Ronfani L, Tamburlini G. Promoting effective child development practices in the first year of life: does timing make a difference? BMC Pediatr 2014; 14:222. [PMID: 25193490 PMCID: PMC4177066 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing need for parenting programs aimed at promoting parent-child interaction. A variety of interventions have been proposed. The use of audiovisual materials for parents has been shown to be effective but limited information is available on the optimal timing for its use, particularly for new parents during the first year of life of their children. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of a video administered at two different times to first-time parents in modifying parental knowledge, attitudes and intentions with regards to effective care practices. METHODS Open randomized controlled trial carried out in a referral mother and child hospital. Eligible parents were randomly assigned to receive a video at one month (early intervention) or at seven months (late intervention) of age of their child. The video addressed four specific activities related to early child development: reading aloud to the baby, early exposure to music, promotion of early socialization for parents and for children. The primary outcome was the proportion of parents who declared that their knowledge, attitudes and intentions changed after having seen the video at one or seven months of age of the child. RESULTS One hundred and five families were randomly allocated either to the early (53) or to the late (52) intervention group. For 99 families (52 in the early and 47 in the late group) a complete outcome evaluation was available. Parents included in the early administration group more frequently reported modifications in their knowledge of the suggested practices while parents in the late group more frequently reported a change in their attitudes. This finding was consistent across all four practices. The video was found to influence parental intentions in the great majority of interviewed parents with no significant difference between groups (82.7% and 87.2% in the early and late intervention group, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Audiovisual materials can be an effective complementary tool in programs aimed at supporting parents, particularly those dealing with their first baby. The results provide some useful insights into the differential benefits of using audiovisual aids at different times during the first year of life of the baby. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02120430.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Ronfani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
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Harvey SR, Schmied V, Nicholls D, Dahlen H. Key components of a service model providing early childhood support for women attending opioid treatment clinics: an Australian state health service review. J Clin Nurs 2012; 21:2528-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.04063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bender A, Peter E, Wynn F, Andrews G, Pringle D. Welcome intrusions: An interpretive phenomenological study of TB nurses’ relational work. Int J Nurs Stud 2011; 48:1409-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Häggman-Laitila A, Seppänen R, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K, Pietilä AM. Benefits of video home training on families' health and interaction: evaluation based on follow-up visits. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:3504-15. [PMID: 20726927 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to describe the benefits of video home training on families' health and interaction from the perspective of parents six months after the training. BACKGROUND There is hardly any empirical knowledge of how a resource-enhancing approach could be used in nursing practice and how nursing in a home context affects the families' health outcomes and interaction. DESIGN The study was designed as a descriptive qualitative service evaluation. METHODS Fifteen families with 66 family members participated in the study. The study material consisted of videotapes recorded at homes and family service plans produced during the process of the video home training. The data were analysed by qualitative content analysis and by the method of analysing photographs and videotapes. RESULTS Video home training was found to bring about many positive effects on families' health and interaction. The families had reached their goals related to parenthood, relationship between the partners, childcare skills and child-rearing skills. CONCLUSION The entire family benefited from the video home training. Video home training can be recommended in providing families with early support and anticipating and preventing family problems. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Video home training is applicable to family nursing owing to the concrete and interactive nature of the method. It supports the realisation of family centredness and family orientation.
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Häggman-Laitila A, Tanninen HM, Pietilä AM. Effectiveness of resource-enhancing family-oriented intervention. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:2500-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fraser JA, Mathews B, Walsh K, Chen L, Dunne M. Factors influencing child abuse and neglect recognition and reporting by nurses: A multivariate analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2010; 47:146-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tanninen HM, Häggman-Laitila A, Pietilä AM. Resource-enhancing psychosocial support in family situations: needs and benefits from family members’ own perspectives. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65:2150-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Häggman-Laitila A, Pietilä AM. Preventive psychosocietal support groups: parents’ criteria for good quality. Scand J Caring Sci 2009; 23:211-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2008.00607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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McConachie S, Whitford H. Mental health nurses’ attitudes towards severe perinatal mental illness. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65:867-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kennedy C, Christie J, Harbison J, Maxton F, Rutherford I, Moss D. Establishing the contribution of nursing in the community to the health of the people of Scotland: integrative literature review. J Adv Nurs 2008; 64:416-39. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The definition of a child in African societies varies. From the moment the girl child can talk and walk, she is allocated responsibilities within the family. Westernized cultures view such responsibilities as forms of abuse. Thus, various reports had been written about girl children and had been critical of African societies without acknowledging that Africa is a very large continent. This paper sets out to identify, explore, and present potential areas of abuse of the girl child, for example, female circumcision, child slaves, rape survivors, child soldiers, child prostitution, teenage pregnancy, and arranged marriages. This paper suggests strategies that healthcare professionals could initiate in situations where a girl child is being abused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Deedei Khalil
- Nursing, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
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