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MacKay LJ, Chang U, Kreiter E, Nickel E, Kamke J, Bahia R, Shantz S, Meyerhoff H. Exploration of trust between pediatric nurses and children with a medical diagnosis and their caregivers on inpatient care units: A scoping review. J Pediatr Nurs 2024:S0882-5963(24)00212-4. [PMID: 39085007 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Trust is central to the development of nurse-patient relationships. Pediatric nurses encounter difficulties developing trust with children and their caregivers. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify, examine, and summarize available evidence on the concept of trust among nurses and children/caregivers when admitted to hospital inpatient care units. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for conducing and reporting scoping reviews, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane DSR, Cochrane Central, and JBI EBP were searched for qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, and review studies with no time limits published in English. Included studies presented findings on the experiences of developing trust between pediatric nurses and children under 18 years of age and their caregivers within inpatient care units. RESULTS A total of 12,269 titles and abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers. 366 full-text articles were retrieved, a final of 81 studies were included in the review. CONCLUSIONS Trust was bi-directional between nurses and children/caregivers, developed over time during multiple interactions, and foundational to the development of relationships. Distinct facilitators and barriers to the development of trust between nurses and children/caregivers were identified. The development of trust was rewarding and enriching for both nurses and children/caregivers and was the fundamental to the provision of safe and high-quality nursing care. IMPLICATIONS Findings provide nurses with direction and strategies on how to develop and maintain trust with children/caregivers on inpatient care units. The development of training programs and interventions geared at equipping nurses with the skills to develop trust with children/caregivers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay Jerusha MacKay
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
| | - Una Chang
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth Kreiter
- Norma Marion Alloway Library, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
| | - Emma Nickel
- Alberta Children's Hospital, 28 Oki Drive, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada.
| | - Janice Kamke
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
| | - Rubinder Bahia
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
| | - Sarah Shantz
- Alberta Children's Hospital, 28 Oki Drive, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada.
| | - Heather Meyerhoff
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 22500 University Drive, Langley, British Columbia V2Y 1Y1, Canada.
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Oulton K, Williams A, Gibson F. Acceptability of a novel device to improve child patient experience during venepuncture for blood sampling: Intervention with 'MyShield'. J Child Health Care 2024; 28:53-68. [PMID: 35544716 DOI: 10.1177/13674935221098297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the acceptability of a novel device ('MyShield'): a device used for distraction during clinical procedures. It is a cardboard cuff, designed to fit around the arm, either above the elbow or around the wrist and used to hide the procedure from view. This device was tested in practice, to establish acceptability to children, parents and clinical staff. Fifty-eight children tried 'MyShield' during a venepuncture procedure. Feedback from 54 children, 58 parents/carers and 16 clinical staff was collected using surveys and interviews. In 24 cases, observational data were also collected. A large majority of children (94%, n = 51) and parents (96%, n = 56) reported a positive experience when using 'MyShield'; saying they would likely use it again. Potential of 'MyShield' in promoting parent/clinician interaction with the child was highlighted. Data suggests that 'MyShield' may be a useful device for children undergoing venepuncture, when used in conjunction with standard care, and subject to individual preferences and choice. Further work is required to establish mechanism of action and whether use of 'MyShield' has any impact across a range of short- and long-term outcome measures relating to patient experience and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Oulton
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability (ORCHID), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
| | | | - Faith Gibson
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability (ORCHID), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
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Van Ingen Schenau ISA, Niemeijer AS, Zuiker JK, Scholten SMHJ, Lamberts KF, Van Baar ME, Nieuwenhuis MK. Improvement of burn care by video interaction guidance. Burns 2023; 49:1698-1705. [PMID: 36914440 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of video interaction guidance on improving the nurse-child relationship during the wound care procedures. Additionally, determine whether the interactional behavior of nurses is related to pain and distress experienced by children. METHODS The interactional skills of seven nurses receiving video interaction guidance were compared with those of ten other nurses. The nurse-child interactions were video-taped during wound care procedures. Of the nurses receiving video interaction guidance, three wound dressing changes were videotaped before they received video interaction guidance and three after. The interaction between nurse and child was scored with the Nurse-child interaction taxonomy by two experienced raters. The COMFORT-B behavior scale was used to assess pain, and distress. All raters were blinded regarding video interaction guidance allocation and the sequence of tapes RESULTS: Five nurses in the intervention group (71 %) showed clinically relevant progress on the taxonomy while only four nurses (40 %) showed similar progress in the control group [p = .10]. A weak association was found between the nurses' interactions and the children's pain and distress [r = -.30, p = .002]. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show that video interaction guidance can be used as a tool to train nurses to become more effective during patient encounters. Furthermore, nurses' interactional skills are positively associated with a child's pain and distress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina S A Van Ingen Schenau
- Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands; Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Anuschka S Niemeijer
- Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands; Science Institute Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Kirsten F Lamberts
- Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands; Dept. Medical Psychology, Martini Hospital, the Netherlands
| | - Margriet E Van Baar
- Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Burn Center Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne K Nieuwenhuis
- Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands; Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, the Netherlands
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Hanberger L, Tallqvist E, Richert A, Olinder AL, Forsner M, Mörelius E, Nilsson S. Needle-Related Pain, Affective Reactions, Fear, and Emotional Coping in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2021; 22:516-521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Davison G, Kelly MA, Conn R, Thompson A, Dornan T. How do children and adolescents experience healthcare professionals? Scoping review and interpretive synthesis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e054368. [PMID: 34244289 PMCID: PMC8273482 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Explore children's and adolescents' (CADs') lived experiences of healthcare professionals (HCPs). DESIGN Scoping review methodology provided a six-step framework to, first, identify and organise existing evidence. Interpretive phenomenology provided methodological principles for, second, an interpretive synthesis of the life worlds of CADs receiving healthcare, as represented by verbatim accounts of their experiences. DATA SOURCES Five key databases (Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Plus, and Web of Science), from inception through to January 2019, reference lists, and opportunistically identified publications. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Research articles containing direct first-person quotations by CADs (aged 0-18 years inclusive) describing how they experienced HCPs. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Tabulation of study characteristics, contextual information, and verbatim extraction of all 'relevant' (as defined above) direct quotations. Analysis of basic scope of the evidence base. The research team worked reflexively and collaboratively to interpret the qualitative data and construct a synthesis of children's experiences. To consolidate and elaborate the interpretation, we held two focus groups with inpatient CADs in a children's hospital. RESULTS 669 quotations from 99 studies described CADs' experiences of HCPs. Favourable experiences were of forming trusting relationships and being involved in healthcare discussions and decisions; less favourable experiences were of not relating to or being unable to trust HCPs and/or being excluded from conversations about them. HCPs fostered trusting relationships by being personable, wise, sincere and relatable. HCPs made CADs feel involved by including them in conversations, explaining medical information, and listening to CADs' wider needs and preferences. CONCLUSION These findings strengthen the case for making CADs partners in healthcare despite their youth. We propose that a criterion for high-quality child-centred healthcare should be that HCPs communicate in ways that engender trust and involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Davison
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Children's Emergency Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Martina Ann Kelly
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard Conn
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- General Paediatrics Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Andrew Thompson
- General Paediatrics Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Tim Dornan
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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van Ingen Schenau-Veldman ISA, Niemeijer AS, Zuiker JK, Scholten-Jaegers SMHJ, Lamberts KF, Nieuwenhuis MK. A taxonomy to assess the interaction between nurses and children: Development and reliability. J Clin Nurs 2019; 29:2004-2010. [PMID: 31856418 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess the nurse-child interaction during medical or nursing interventions. BACKGROUND Communication is an important competency for the professional practice of nurses and physicians. The nurse-patient relationship is fundamental for high-quality care. It has been suggested that if nurses have more skills to interact with children, care will be less distressing and less painful for the children. DESIGN A qualitative observational psychometric study; the GRRAS checklist was used. METHODS In-depth video-analyses, taxonomy development (19 videos) and testing it is psychometric properties (10 videos). Three observers micro-analysed video recordings of experienced nurses changing children's wound dressing in a specialised Burn Centre. RESULTS The nurse-child interaction taxonomy (NCIT) was developed to observe and score the interactional behaviour between nurse and child. The taxonomy has three main patterns: being considerate, attuning oneself, and procedural interventions, subdivided in eight dimensions. These dimensions contain 16 elements that can be observed and scored on a 7-point scale. Intra-rater, inter-rater reliability and agreement were good. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that interaction between nurses and children can be assessed reliably with the NCIT by an experienced observer or alternatively, scoring by two observers is recommended. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The development of the taxonomy is an important step to find evidence for the best way for nurses to interact with children during nursing interventions or medical events and as such, ultimately, contributes to providing the best care possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina S A van Ingen Schenau-Veldman
- Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anuschka S Niemeijer
- Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Science Institute Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Kirsten F Lamberts
- Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department Medical Psychology, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne K Nieuwenhuis
- Association of Dutch Burn Centers, Burn Center Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pope N, Tallon M, Leslie G, Wilson S. Ask me: Children's experiences of pain explored using the draw, write, and tell method. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2018; 23:e12218. [PMID: 29790268 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pain management within emergency departments (ED) remains challenging. Given that unrelieved pain in children is linked to a number of negative physiological and psychological consequences, optimal management of children's pain is paramount. Many studies exploring children's pain have adopted quantitative methods or sought the perspectives of adults. Compared to adults, studies examining children's views on pain and pain management are limited. This study aimed to explore children's pain experiences, their perception of pain management and expectations of the role of the nurse. DESIGN This was a qualitative descriptive study using an inductive approach. METHODS Fifteen children, aged 4-8 years who presented to the ED of an Australian tertiary pediatric hospital in acute pain participated. Data were collected using draw, write, and tell (DWT) technique and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Three themes emerged (1) "Security," (2) "My pain" with subthemes: "The pain feelings" and "My sad/happy feelings," (3) "Comfort and relief" with subthemes: "Taking my mind off it," "Resting" and "Hospital things." When in pain children needed to feel secure. Parents and nurses were important in fostering a secure environment for children. Children were capable of describing their pain and identified nonpharmacological strategies to help their pain. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Children as young as 4 years old can provide detailed accounts of their pain, which extends beyond physical dimensions to include visual, auditory, and sensory features. Nurses need to listen, be honest, and develop trust with children to be helpful. Nonpharmacological pain-relieving strategies can be implemented by parents and nurses in collaboration with the child. Fostering a secure environment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pope
- Child and Adolescent Health Service, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia.,West Australian Centre of Evidence Informed Healthcare Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Mary Tallon
- West Australian Centre of Evidence Informed Healthcare Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Gavin Leslie
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sally Wilson
- Child and Adolescent Health Service, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia.,West Australian Centre of Evidence Informed Healthcare Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Gunnvall K, Augustsson D, Lindström V, Vicente V. Specialist nurses’ experiences when caring for preverbal children in pain in the prehospital context in Sweden. Int Emerg Nurs 2018; 36:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ring LM, Watson A. Thoracostomy Tube Removal: Implementation of a Multidisciplinary Procedural Pain Management Guideline. J Pediatr Health Care 2017; 31:671-683. [PMID: 28688940 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thoracostomy tubes are placed following cardiothoracic surgery for the repair or palliation of congenital heart defects. The aim of this project was to develop and implement a clinical practice guideline for the provision of optimal analgesia during removal of thoracostomy tubes in pediatric postoperative cardiothoracic surgery patients. METHODS Methods used include a nonexperimental design utilizing chart audits to determine baseline documentation as well as procedure note evaluation to determine both baseline documentation and compliance with the new guideline. A convenience sample of unit-based nurses completed a knowledge test and a post-implementation survey. RESULTS There was a significant increase in nursing knowledge related to the clinical practice guideline education and implementation. Documentation compliance was observed. Nursing satisfaction and feasibility of the new guideline was demonstrated. DISCUSSION This project was successful in increasing nursing knowledge of available resources for optimal procedural pain management in pediatric patients requiring thoracostomy tube removal on one in-patient acute care unit.
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Pope N, Tallon M, McConigley R, Leslie G, Wilson S. Experiences of acute pain in children who present to a healthcare facility for treatment: a systematic review of qualitative evidence. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2017; 15:1612-1644. [PMID: 28628521 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-003029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a universal and complex phenomenon that is personal, subjective and specific. Despite growing knowledge in pediatric pain, management of children's pain remains sub-optimal and is linked to negative behavioral and physiological consequences later in life. As there is no synthesis of these studies, it was timely to undertake a systematic review. OBJECTIVES To identify, evaluate and synthesize the existing qualitative evidence on children's experiences of acute pain, including pain management, within a healthcare facility. INCLUSION CRITERIA TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS Children aged four to 18 years (inclusive) attending a healthcare facility who experienced acute pain associated with any injury, medical condition or treatment. PHENOMENA OF INTEREST Children's experiences and perceptions of their acute pain, pain management and expectations of others in managing their pain. Studies on children's experiences of pain in the postoperative context were excluded as a systematic review exploring this phenomenon had previously been published. Studies reporting on children's experiences of chronic pain were also excluded. CONTEXT Any healthcare facility including general practitioners' surgeries, hospitals, emergency departments and outpatient clinics. TYPES OF STUDIES Qualitative studies including phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, action research and feminist research designs. SEARCH STRATEGY Using a three-step search strategy, databases were searched in December 2015 to identify both published and unpublished articles from 2000 to 2015. Studies published in languages other than English were excluded. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY All studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed by at least two independent reviewers for methodological quality using a standardized critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted from the papers included in the review using standardized data extraction tool from JBI-QARI. DATA SYNTHESIS Findings were pooled using JBI-QARI. Findings were rated according to their level of credibility and categorized based on similarity in meaning and then were subjected to a meta-synthesis. RESULTS Four studies were included in this review. Two meta-syntheses were generated from five categories based on 21 findings: first, children can express their pain experiences in terms of cause, location, meaning and quality. Children's pain experiences include both physical and psychological dimensions. Children's pain experiences are influenced by their previous pain experiences, pain expectations and sociocultural factors. Second, children use a range of cognitive/behavioral and sensory/physical self-soothing strategies not only to help manage their pain, but also rely on the actions and presence of others as helpers when they are in pain. CONCLUSION Children's pain is a multi-dimensional complex phenomenon relying upon a multi-modal approach to management. Children as young as four years are capable of articulating their pain in terms of location, intensity and depth. The way children perceive, express and respond to pain is shaped by sociocultural factors, previous pain experiences and their expectations of pain. Children, parents and healthcare professionals play an important role in managing children's pain experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pope
- 1Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Perth, Australia 2The Western Australian Group for Evidence Informed Healthcare Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Curtin University, Perth, Australia 3School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia 4School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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A Randomized Controlled Study of Silver-Based Burns Dressing in a Pediatric Emergency Department. J Burn Care Res 2016; 37:e340-7. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0000000000000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gårdling J, Edwinson Månsson M, Törnqvist E, Hallström I. Caring for children undergoing radiotherapy treatment: Swedish radiotherapy nurses' perceptions. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2015; 19:660-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Velding K, Klis SA, Abass KM, Tuah W, Stienstra Y, van der Werf T. Wound care in Buruli ulcer disease in Ghana and Benin. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 91:313-318. [PMID: 24914002 PMCID: PMC4125255 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disease affecting the skin, subcutaneous fat, and bone tissues. Wound care is important in the prevention of disabilities. Awareness of current wound care practices in BU-endemic regions is necessary for future wound care interventions. Thirty-one health care workers in Ghana and Benin were interviewed with a semi-structured interview, complemented by structural observations. Quantitative data were analyzed through t tests and one-way analysis of variance, and qualitative data through descriptive statistics. There appeared to be a general understanding of wound assessment. A large variety of different topical antiseptics was reported to be used, pressure irrigation was never reported. Gauze was the main dressing type and a moist environment was preferred, but could not be maintained. Bleeding and pain were observed frequently. Standard of wound care differed importantly between health care personnel and between institutions and adherence to World Health Organization guidelines was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Velding
- * Address correspondence to Kristien Velding, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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Active and passive distraction in children undergoing wound dressings. J Pediatr Nurs 2013; 28:158-66. [PMID: 22819747 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test how distraction influences pain, distress and anxiety in children during wound care. Sixty participants aged 5-12 years were randomized to three groups: serious gaming, the use of lollipops and a control group. Self-reported pain, distress, anxiety and observed pain behaviour were recorded in conjunction with wound care. Serious gaming, an active distraction, reduced the observed pain behaviour and self-reported distress compared with the other groups. A sense of control and engagement in the distraction, together, may be the explanation for the different pain behaviours when children use serious gaming.
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