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Vasudevan L, V J, M S, Ts C. Mucosa-adherent Pediococcus Pentosaceus I44 isolated from healthy human and effect of oleic acid on its probiotic properties. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100058. [PMID: 34841348 PMCID: PMC8610357 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus I44 was isolated from the ileal tissue of a healthy Indian. This isolate exhibited good tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions and bile stress. Oleic acid and oleic acid containing compounds (tween-80, olive oil and sesame oil) were found to have a significant effect on the stress tolerance ability and surface properties of this isolate invitro. Pediococcus pentosaceus I44 represents the autochthonous gut bacterial community and understanding such isolates provide useful insights into their role in human metabolism and health.
With the aim of selectively isolating and understanding the cultivable lactic acid bacteria that are autochthonous to human gut, biopsy samples were collected from the terminal ileum and caecum of healthy volunteers who underwent routine colonoscopy procedure. The use of tissue samples (over stool samples) provides for a better expression of the autochthonous bacterial population of the human gut. The strains that were stable after many rounds of sub-culture were identified and studied further. One such ileal isolate, a Gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci was identified to be Pediococcus pentosaceus I44. It was studied for its gastric tolerance, bile tolerance and surface properties, and reported here. The effect of tween-80, oleic acid, extra virgin olive oil and sesame oil on the aforementioned properties of P. pentosaceus I44 was also analysed. The isolate was able to survive well in simulated gastric fluid of pH 3.0 followed by treatment in simulated intestinal fluid with a survival percentage of around 70%. It was, however, unable to withstand pH 2.0 even in the presence of supplements. It showed good tolerance to bile stress (1% w/v), and its cell surface was found to be hydrophilic. P. pentosaceus I44 showed good aggregation of 87% after 24 h, with oleic acid having a significant effect on the isolate's aggregation potential. P. pentosaceus I44 is one of the few mucosa-bound cultivable bacteria that are adapted for survival in human colon. Studying and analysing such isolates might provide useful insights into their role in metabolism and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Vasudevan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Jayanthi V
- Gleneagles Global Health City, Cheran Nagar, Perumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600100, India
| | - Srinivas M
- Gleneagles Global Health City, Cheran Nagar, Perumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600100, India
| | - Chandra Ts
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
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Physiological and genomic characterization of an exopolysaccharide-producing Weissella cibaria CH2 from cheese of the western Himalayas. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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López L, Calderón D, Cardenas P, Prado MB, Valle C, Trueba G. Evolutionary changes of an intestinal Lactobacillus reuteri during probiotic manufacture. Microbiologyopen 2019; 9:e972. [PMID: 31746150 PMCID: PMC7002098 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria are frequently used to treat intestinal diseases or to improve health; however, little is known about the evolutionary changes of these bacteria during probiotic manufacture and the bacterial ability to colonize the intestine. It has been observed that when bacteria adapt to a new environment, they lose some traits required to thrive in the original niche. In this study, a strain of Lactobacillus reuteri was isolated from mouse duodenum and subjected to 150 serial passes in milk to simulate the industrial propagation of probiotic bacteria. The strains adapted to milk outperformed their ancestor when grown in milk; we also showed evidence of reduced intestinal colonization of milk‐adapted strains. Whole‐genome sequencing showed that bacterial adaptation to milk selects mutants with altered metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro López
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diana Calderón
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Paúl Cardenas
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María B Prado
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Valle
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
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Probiotic microorganisms- identification, metabolic and physiological impact on poultry. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933913000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Santiago-López L, Hernández-Mendoza A, Mata-Haro V, Vallejo-Cordoba B, González-Córdova AF. Immune response induced by fermented milk with potential probiotic strains isolated from artisanal Cocido cheese. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1485632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Santiago-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mata-Haro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología e Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Aarón F. González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Corbo MR, Campaniello D, Speranza B, Altieri C, Sinigaglia M, Bevilacqua A. Neutralisation of toxins by probiotics during the transit into the gut: challenges and perspectives. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Corbo
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
| | - Daniela Campaniello
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
| | - Barbara Speranza
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
| | - Clelia Altieri
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
| | - Milena Sinigaglia
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
| | - Antonio Bevilacqua
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 71122 Foggia Italy
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Osmanagaoglu O, Kiran F, Ataoglu H. Evaluation of in vitro Probiotic Potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus OZF Isolated from Human Breast Milk. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 2:162-74. [PMID: 26781239 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-010-9050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the probiotic properties of Pediococcus pentosaceus OZF isolated from human breast milk. The results obtained so far suggest that the strain is resistant to low pH, bile salt, pepsin and pancreatin, so it could survive while passing through the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and reveal its potential probiotic action on host organism. The strain was non-pathogenic (γ-hemolytic), produced anti-Listerial bacteriocin, exhibited a strong autoaggregating phenotype (85.71%) and demonstrated 6.26 and 12.99% coaggregation with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium SL 1344 and Escherichia coli LMG 3083 (ETEC), respectively. The degree of adhesion of Ped. pentosaceus OZF to the human Caco-2 cell line was investigated and when compared to the adhesion of pathogenic strains tested, it was shown to inhibit the growth of human enterotoxigenic E. coli LMG 3083 (ETEC) and of Salm. Typhimurium SL 1344. Ped. pentosaceus OZF seems to adhere to human intestinal cells via mechanisms that involve different combinations of carbohydrate and lipid factors on the bacteria and eukaryotic cell surface. The percentage of adhesion to n-hexadecane was 34% showing that the surface was rather hydrophilic. Higher affinity displayed by Ped. pentosaceus OZF for chloroform demonstrates the basic property of a cell, which may be due to the presence of carboxylic groups on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Osmanagaoglu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Biotechnology Unit, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fadime Kiran
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Biotechnology Unit, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haluk Ataoglu
- Biotechnology Institute Central Laboratory, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Effect of dietary zinc oxide on morphological characteristics, mucin composition and gene expression in the colon of weaned piglets. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91091. [PMID: 24609095 PMCID: PMC3946750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The trace element zinc is often used in the diet of weaned piglets, as high doses have resulted in positive effects on intestinal health. However, the majority of previous studies evaluated zinc supplementations for a short period only and focused on the small intestine. The hypothesis of the present study was that low, medium and high levels of dietary zinc (57, 164 and 2,425 mg Zn/kg from zinc oxide) would affect colonic morphology and innate host defense mechanisms across 4 weeks post-weaning. Histological examinations were conducted regarding the colonic morphology and neutral, acidic, sialylated and sulphated mucins. The mRNA expression levels of mucin (MUC) 1, 2, 13, 20, toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4, interleukin (IL)-1β, 8, 10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were also measured. The colonic crypt area increased in an age-depending manner, and the greatest area was found with medium concentration of dietary zinc. With the high concentration of dietary zinc, the number of goblet cells containing mixed neutral-acidic mucins and total mucins increased. Sialomucin containing goblet cells increased age-dependently. The expression of MUC2 increased with age and reached the highest level at 47 days of age. The expression levels of TLR2 and 4 decreased with age. The mRNA expression of TLR4 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 were down-regulated with high dietary zinc treatment, while piglets fed with medium dietary zinc had the highest expression. It is concluded that dietary zinc level had a clear impact on colonic morphology, mucin profiles and immunological traits in piglets after weaning. Those changes might support local defense mechanisms and affect colonic physiology and contribute to the reported reduction of post-weaning diarrhea.
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Matsuo Y, Miyoshi Y, Okada S, Satoh E. Receptor-like Molecules on Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Interact with an Adhesion Factor from Lactobacillus reuteri. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2012; 31:93-102. [PMID: 24936355 PMCID: PMC4034283 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.31.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A surface protein of Lactobacillus reuteri, mucus adhesion-promoting
protein (MapA), is considered to be an adhesion factor. MapA is expressed in L.
reuteri strains and adheres to piglet gastric mucus, collagen type I, and human
intestinal epithelial cells such as Caco-2. The aim of this study was to identify
molecules that mediate the attachment of MapA from L. reuteri to the
intestinal epithelial cell surface by investigating the adhesion of MapA to receptor-like
molecules on Caco-2 cells. MapA-binding receptor-like molecules were detected in Caco-2
cell lysates by 2D-PAGE. Two proteins, annexin A13 (ANXA13) and paralemmin (PALM), were
identified by MALDI TOF-MS. The results of a pull-down assay showed that MapA bound
directly to ANXA13 and PALM. Fluorescence microscopy studies confirmed that MapA binding
to ANXA13 and PALM was colocalized on the Caco-2 cell membrane. To evaluate whether ANXA13
and PALM are important for MapA adhesion, ANXA13 and PALM knockdown cell lines were
established. The adhesion of MapA to the abovementioned cell lines was reduced compared
with that to wild-type Caco-2 cells. These knockdown experiments established the
importance of these receptor-like molecules in MapA adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Matsuo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Miyoshi
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Sanae Okada
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Eiichi Satoh
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
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Chichlowski M, Hale LP. Bacterial-mucosal interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: an alliance gone bad. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G1139-49. [PMID: 18927210 PMCID: PMC2604805 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90516.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complex interaction of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors may result in continuous activation of the mucosal immune system leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Most present treatments for IBD involve altering or suppressing the aberrant immune response; however, the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathophysiology of IBD is becoming more evident. The epithelial layer is essential for the proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and its increased permeability to the luminal antigens may lead to the inflammatory processes and mucosal damage observed in IBD. Factors affecting the efficacy of the epithelial barrier include presence of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Helicobacter spp.), presence of probiotic bacteria, availability of selected nutrients, and others. Defective function of the mucosal barrier might facilitate the contact of bacterial antigens and adjuvants with innate and adaptive immune cells to generate prolonged inflammatory responses. This review will briefly describe the complex structure of the epithelial barrier in the context of bacterial-mucosal interactions observed in human IBD and mouse models of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Chichlowski
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Laura P. Hale
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Bergonzelli GE, Granato D, Pridmore RD, Marvin-Guy LF, Donnicola D, Corthésy-Theulaz IE. GroEL of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 (NCC 533) is cell surface associated: potential role in interactions with the host and the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Infect Immun 2006; 74:425-34. [PMID: 16368998 PMCID: PMC1346591 DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.1.425-434.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Revised: 05/31/2005] [Accepted: 10/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins of the GroEL or Hsp60 class are highly conserved proteins essential to all living organisms. Even though GroEL proteins are classically considered intracellular proteins, they have been found at the surface of several mucosal pathogens and have been implicated in cell attachment and immune modulation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the GroEL protein of a gram-positive probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 (NCC 533). Its presence at the bacterial surface was demonstrated using a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and could be detected in bacterial spent culture medium by immunoblotting. To assess binding of La1 GroEL to mucins and intestinal epithelial cells, the La1 GroEL protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. We report here that La1 recombinant GroEL (rGroEL) binds to mucins and epithelial cells and that this binding is pH dependent. Immunomodulation studies showed that La1 rGroEL stimulates interleukin-8 secretion in macrophages and HT29 cells in a CD14-dependent mechanism. This property is common to rGroEL from other gram-positive bacteria but not to the rGroEL of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. In addition, La1 rGroEL mediates the aggregation of H. pylori but not that of other intestinal pathogens. Our in vitro results suggest that GroEL proteins from La1 and other lactic acid bacteria might play a role in gastrointestinal homeostasis due to their ability to bind to components of the gastrointestinal mucosa and to aggregate H. pylori.
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Abstract
This review describes current knowledge on probiotic bacteriotherapy from the oral health perspective. Recent experimental studies and results from randomized controlled trials have shown that certain gut bacteria, in particular species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, may exert beneficial effects in the oral cavity by inhibiting cariogenic streptococci and Candida sp. Probiotics have been successfully used to control gastro-intestinal diseases. They also appear to alleviate symptoms of allergy and diseases with immunological pathology. The mechanisms of probiotic action appear to link with colonization resistance and immune modulation. Lactic acid bacteria can produce different antimicrobial components such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, carbon peroxide, diacetyl, low molecular weight antimicrobial substances, bacteriocins, and adhesion inhibitors, which also affect oral microflora. However, data is still sparse on the probiotic action in the oral cavity. More information is needed on the colonization of probiotics in the mouth and their possible effect on and within oral biofilms. There is every reason to believe that the putative probiotic mechanisms of action are the same in the mouth as they are in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Because of the increasing global problem with antimicrobial drug resistance, the concept of probiotic therapy is interesting and pertinent, and merits further research in the fields of oral medicine and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka H Meurman
- Institute of Dentistry, PB 41, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Servin AL, Coconnier MH. Adhesion of probiotic strains to the intestinal mucosa and interaction with pathogens. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2003; 17:741-54. [PMID: 14507585 DOI: 10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid strains are live micro-organisms that, when consumed in adequate amounts as part of food, confer a health benefit on the host. The scientific basis for the use of selected probiotic strains has only recently been firmly established, and appropriate and well-conducted experimental in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical studies, are now beginning to be published, especially with regard to the effectiveness of probiotic strains in antagonizing pathogens. In particular, experimental data have allowed new insights into selected probiotic strains that express strain-specific probiotic properties and into the mechanism of action of these strains. The objective of this review is to analyse the in vitro or in vivo experimental studies in which the antimicrobial activity of selected Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains has been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain L Servin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 510, Pathogènes et Fonctions des Cellules Epithéliales Polarisées, Faculté de Pharmacie Paris XI, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France.
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Fioramonti J, Theodorou V, Bueno L. Probiotics: what are they? What are their effects on gut physiology? Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2003; 17:711-24. [PMID: 14507583 DOI: 10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics can be defined as microbial cells that have a beneficial effect on the health and well-being of the host. Since the gastrointestinal mucosa is the surface of contact with probiotics, it seems evident that the first effects of probiotics relate to digestive function. A brief review of the literature indicates that probiotics have very few effects on the main physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract, which are digestion, absorption and propulsion. The main action of probiotics can be summarised as a reinforcement of the intestinal mucosal barrier against deleterious agents. Experimental data indicate that some probiotics reduce pathological alterations in paracellular permeability to large molecules or bacteria, stimulate mucosal immunity, display a trophic action on the mucosa, reduce mucus degradation and interact with mediators of inflammation. Yoghurt may help lactose digestion, and some data needing confirmation indicate a stimulation of water absorption and an acceleration of intestinal transit by some bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Fioramonti
- Neurogastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, INRA, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
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Kos B, Susković J, Vuković S, Simpraga M, Frece J, Matosić S. Adhesion and aggregation ability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus M92. J Appl Microbiol 2003; 94:981-7. [PMID: 12752805 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate aggregation and adhesiveness of Lactobacillus acidophilus M92 to porcine ileal epithelial cells in vitro, and the influence of cell surface proteins on autoaggregation and adhesiveness of this strain. METHODS AND RESULTS Lactobacillus acidophilus M92 exhibits a strong autoaggregating phenotype and manifests a high degree of hydrophobicity determined by microbial adhesion to xylene. Aggregation and hydrophobicity were abolished upon exposure of the cells to pronase and pepsin. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell surface proteins revealed the presence of potential surface layer (S-layer) proteins, approximated at 45 kDa, in L. acidophilus M92. The relationship between autoaggregation and adhesiveness to intestinal tissue was investigated by observing the adhesiveness of L. acidophilus M92 to porcine ileal epithelial cells. Removal of the S-layer proteins by extraction with 5 mol l-1 LiCl reduced autoaggregation and in vitro adhesion of this strain. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that there is relationship between autoaggregation and adhesiveness ability of L. acidophilus M92, mediated by proteinaceous components on the cell surface. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This investigation has shown that L. acidophilus M92 has the ability to establish in the human gastrointestinal tract, which is an important determinant in the choice of probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kos
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
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Rojas M, Ascencio F, Conway PL. Purification and characterization of a surface protein from Lactobacillus fermentum 104R that binds to porcine small intestinal mucus and gastric mucin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68:2330-6. [PMID: 11976105 PMCID: PMC127527 DOI: 10.1128/aem.68.5.2330-2336.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An adhesion-promoting protein involved in the binding of Lactobacillus fermentum strain 104R to small intestinal mucus from piglets and to partially purified gastric mucin was isolated and characterized. Spent culture supernatant fluid and bacterial cell wall extracts were fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration. The active fraction was purified by affinity chromatography. The adhesion-promoting protein was detected in the fractions by adhesion inhibition and dot blot assays and visualized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, and Western blotting with horseradish peroxidase-labeled mucus and mucin. The active fraction was characterized by estimating the relative molecular weight and by assessing the presence of carbohydrates in, and heat sensitivity of, the active region of the adhesion-promoting protein. The purified protein was digested with porcine trypsin, and the peptides were purified in a SMART system. The peptides were tested for adhesion to horseradish peroxidase-labeled mucin by using the dot blot adhesion assay. Peptides which bound mucin were sequenced. It was shown that the purified adhesion-promoting protein on the cell surface of L. fermentum 104R is extractable with 1 M LiCl and low concentrations of lysozyme but not with 0.2 M glycine. The protein could be released to the culture supernatant fluid after 24 h of growth and had affinity for both small intestinal mucus and gastric mucin. In the native state this protein was variable in size, and it had a molecular mass of 29 kDa when denatured. The denatured protein did not contain carbohydrate moieties and was not heat sensitive. Alignment of amino acids of the adhering peptides with sequences deposited in the EMBL data library showed poor homology with previously published sequences. The protein represents an important molecule for development of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurilia Rojas
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, 23000 La Paz, Baja California Sur, México.
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Lick S, Drescher K, Heller KJ. Survival of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus in the terminal ileum of fistulated Göttingen minipigs. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:4137-43. [PMID: 11526016 PMCID: PMC93140 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.9.4137-4143.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus administered in yogurt to survive the passage through the upper gastrointestinal tract was investigated with Göttingen minipigs that were fitted with ileum T-cannulas. After ingestion of yogurt containing viable microorganisms, ileostomy samples were collected nearly every hour beginning 3 h after food uptake. Living L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus were detected in the magnitude of 10(6) to 10(7) per gram of intestinal contents (wet weight) in all animals under investigation. A calculation of the minimum amount of surviving bacteria that had been administered is presented. Total DNA extracted from ileostomy samples was subjected to PCR, which was species specific for L. delbrueckii and S. thermophilus and subspecies specific for L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. All three bacterial groups could be detected by PCR after yogurt uptake but not after uptake of a semisynthetic diet. One pig apparently had developed an endogenous L. delbrueckii flora. When heat-treated yogurt was administered, L. delbrueckii was detected in all animals. S. thermophilus or L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus was not detected, indicating that heat-inactivated cells and their DNAs had already been digested and their own L. delbrueckii flora had been stimulated for growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lick
- Institute for Microbiology, Federal Dairy Research Center, D-24103 Kiel, Germany.
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SAVAGE DC. Probiotic Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Environment: Factors Influencing Their Survival and Colonization. Biosci Microflora 2000. [DOI: 10.12938/bifidus1996.19.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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