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Geraldes C, Tavares L, Gil S, Oliveira M. Biocides in the Hospital Environment: Application and Tolerance Development. Microb Drug Resist 2023; 29:456-476. [PMID: 37643289 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections are a rising problem with consequences for patients, hospitals, and health care workers. Biocides can be employed to prevent these infections, contributing to eliminate or reduce microorganisms' concentrations at the hospital environment. These antimicrobials belong to several groups, each with distinct characteristics that need to be taken into account in their selection for specific applications. Moreover, their activity is influenced by many factors, such as compound concentration and the presence of organic matter. This article aims to review some of the chemical biocides available for hospital infection control, as well as the main factors that influence their efficacy and promote susceptibility decreases, with the purpose to contribute for reducing misusage and consequently for preventing the development of resistance to these antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Geraldes
- Department of Animal Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Tavares
- Department of Animal Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Solange Gil
- Department of Animal Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Animal Health, Biological Isolation and Containment Unit (BICU), Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- Department of Animal Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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de Oliveira EP, Marchi KE, Emiliano J, Salazar SMCH, Ferri AH, Etto RM, Reche PM, Pileggi SAV, Kalks KHM, Tótola MR, Schemczssen-Graeff Z, Pileggi M. Changes in fatty acid composition as a response to glyphosate toxicity in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09938. [PMID: 35965982 PMCID: PMC9364109 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive use of herbicides decreases soil biodiversity and fertility. The literature on the xenobiotic response by microorganisms is focused on herbicide biodegradation as a selective event. Non-degradation systems independent of selection could allow the survival of tolerant bacteria in contaminated environments, impacting xenobiotic turnover and, consequently, bioremediation strategies. However, it is uncertain whether the response based on these systems requires selective pressure to be effective. The objective here was to analyze non-degradation phenotypes, enzymatic and structural response systems, of Pseudomonas fluorescens CMA-55 strain, already investigated the production pattern of quorum sensing molecules in response to glyphosate, not present at the isolation site. One mode of response was associated with decrease in membrane permeability and effective antioxidative response for 0–2.30 mM glyphosate, at the mid-log growing phase, with higher activities of Mn-SOD, KatA, and KatB, and presence of fatty acids as nonadecylic acid, margaric and lauric acid. The second response system was characterized by lower antioxidative enzymes activity, presence of KatC isoform, and pelargonic, capric, myristic, stearic, palmitoleic and palmitic acid as principal fatty acids, allowing the strain to face stressful conditions in 9.20–11.50 mM glyphosate at the stationary phase. Therefore, the bacterial strain could modify the fatty acid composition and the permeability of membranes in two response modes according to the herbicide concentration, even glyphosate was not previously selective for P. fluorescens, featuring a generalist system based on physiological plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizangela Paz de Oliveira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Maringá State University, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kathleen Evelyn Marchi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janaina Emiliano
- Department of Microbiology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alisson Henrique Ferri
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mazer Etto
- Department of Chemistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Péricles Martim Reche
- Department of Nursing and Public Health, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sônia Alvim Veiga Pileggi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Rogério Tótola
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Pileggi
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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3
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Chen B, Han J, Dai H, Jia P. Biocide-tolerance and antibiotic-resistance in community environments and risk of direct transfers to humans: Unintended consequences of community-wide surface disinfecting during COVID-19? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117074. [PMID: 33848900 PMCID: PMC8019131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
During the current pandemic, chemical disinfectants are ubiquitously and routinely used in community environments, especially on common touch surfaces in public settings, as a means of controlling the virus spread. An underappreciated risk in current regulatory guidelines and scholarly discussions, however, is that the persisting input of chemical disinfectants can exacerbate the growth of biocide-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on those surfaces and allow their direct transfers to humans. For COVID-19, the most commonly used disinfecting agents are quaternary ammonium compounds, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and ethanol, which account for two-thirds of the active ingredients in current EPA-approved disinfectant products for the novel coronavirus. Tolerance to each of these compounds, which can be either intrinsic or acquired, has been observed on various bacterial pathogens. Of those, mutations and horizontal gene transfer, upregulation of efflux pumps, membrane alteration, and biofilm formation are the common mechanisms conferring biocide tolerance in bacteria. Further, the linkage between disinfectant use and antibiotic resistance was suggested in laboratory and real-life settings. Evidence showed that substantial bacterial transfers to hands could effectuate from short contacts with surrounding surfaces and further from fingers to lips. While current literature on disinfectant-induced antimicrobial resistance predominantly focuses on municipal wastes and the natural environments, in reality the community and public settings are most severely impacted by intensive and regular chemical disinfecting during COVID-19 and, due to their proximity to humans, biocide-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria emerged in these environments may pose risks of direct transfers to humans, particularly in densely populated urban communities. Here we highlight these risk factors by reviewing the most pertinent and up-to-date evidence, and provide several feasible strategies to mitigate these risks in the scenario of a prolonging pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China.
| | - Han Dai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Puqi Jia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
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Zhelev G. Bacterial resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants – minireview. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2019-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of bacterial resistance to disinfectants and antiseptics is an issue of substantial health concern, resulting in low efficiency of epidemic control activities and emergence of microorganisms with cross-resistance to antibiotics and biocides. A synopsis of the main mechanisms of development of resistance to biocides is presented. The emphasis is placed to health risks and impact on medical practice. The main methods for detection of resistance, and prevention measures of key importance for its control are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Zhelev
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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5
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Dezanet C, Kempf J, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Décout JL. Amphiphilic Aminoglycosides as Medicinal Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7411. [PMID: 33049963 PMCID: PMC7583001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The conjugation of hydrophobic group(s) to the polycationic hydrophilic core of the antibiotic drugs aminoglycosides (AGs), targeting ribosomal RNA, has led to the development of amphiphilic aminoglycosides (AAGs). These drugs exhibit numerous biological effects, including good antibacterial effects against susceptible and multidrug-resistant bacteria due to the targeting of bacterial membranes. In the first part of this review, we summarize our work in identifying and developing broad-spectrum antibacterial AAGs that constitute a new class of antibiotic agents acting on bacterial membranes. The target-shift strongly improves antibiotic activity against bacterial strains that are resistant to the parent AG drugs and to antibiotic drugs of other classes, and renders the emergence of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains highly difficult. Structure-activity and structure-eukaryotic cytotoxicity relationships, specificity and barriers that need to be crossed in their development as antibacterial agents are delineated, with a focus on their targets in membranes, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and cardiolipin (CL), and the corresponding mode of action against Gram-negative bacteria. At the end of the first part, we summarize the other recent advances in the field of antibacterial AAGs, mainly published since 2016, with an emphasis on the emerging AAGs which are made of an AG core conjugated to an adjuvant or an antibiotic drug of another class (antibiotic hybrids). In the second part, we briefly illustrate other biological and biochemical effects of AAGs, i.e., their antifungal activity, their use as delivery vehicles of nucleic acids, of short peptide (polyamide) nucleic acids (PNAs) and of drugs, as well as their ability to cleave DNA at abasic sites and to inhibit the functioning of connexin hemichannels. Finally, we discuss some aspects of structure-activity relationships in order to explain and improve the target selectivity of AAGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Dezanet
- Molecular Pharmacochemistry Department, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 470 Rue de la Chimie, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (C.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Julie Kempf
- Molecular Pharmacochemistry Department, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 470 Rue de la Chimie, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (C.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Décout
- Molecular Pharmacochemistry Department, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 470 Rue de la Chimie, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (C.D.); (J.K.)
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Mohammed AN. Resistance of bacterial pathogens to calcium hypochlorite disinfectant and evaluation of the usability of treated filter paper impregnated with nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 16:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Heredia RM, Lucchesi GI. Pseudomonas putida Δ9-fatty acid desaturase: Gene cloning, expression, and function in the cationic surfactants stress. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:525-534. [PMID: 30779369 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida counteract the fluidizing effect of cationic surfactants decreasing the content of membrane unsaturated fatty acid (UFA). A Δ9-fatty acid desaturase gene (desA) from P. putida was isolated, cloned, and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, a Δ9 desaturase deficient organism. desA consists of 1185 bp and codes for 394 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence reveals three histidine clusters and a hydropathy profile, typical of membrane-bound desaturases. Validating desA expression in E. coli cells, the amount of palmitoleic acid increased from 2.05 to 7.36%, with the concomitant increase in membrane fluidity (fluorescence polarization value decrease from 0.13 ± 0.03 to 0.09 ± 0.02). Also, when DesA activity was assayed in vivo, the percentage of UFA obtained from exogenous palmitic acid [1-14 C] increased 10-fold. In contrast, when cells expressing desA were exposed 15 min at sublethal concentration of cationic surfactants, the amount of UFA was 82% lower than that detected in cells non-exposed. Thus, the decrease in UFA content to counteract the fluidizing effect of cationic surfactants can be correlated with reduction of DesA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina M Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gloria I Lucchesi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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8
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Abstract
Biocides and formulated biocides are used worldwide for an increasing number of applications despite tightening regulations in Europe and in the United States. One concern is that such intense usage of biocides could lead to increased bacterial resistance to a product and cross-resistance to unrelated antimicrobials including chemotherapeutic antibiotics. Evidence to justify such a concern comes mostly from the use of health care-relevant bacterial isolates, although the number of studies of the resistance characteristics of veterinary isolates to biocides have increased the past few years. One problem remains the definition of "resistance" and how to measure resistance to a biocide. This has yet to be addressed globally, although the measurement of resistance is becoming more pressing, with regulators both in Europe and in the United States demanding that manufacturers provide evidence that their biocidal products will not impact on bacterial resistance. Alongside in vitro evidence of potential antimicrobial cross-resistance following biocide exposure, our understanding of the mechanisms of bacterial resistance and, more recently, our understanding of the effect of biocides to induce a mechanism(s) of resistance in bacteria has improved. This article aims to provide an understanding of the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria following a biocide exposure. The sections provide evidence of the occurrence of bacterial resistance and its mechanisms of action and debate how to measure bacterial resistance to biocides. Examples pertinent to the veterinary field are used where appropriate.
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9
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Furmanczyk EM, Lipinski L, Dziembowski A, Sobczak A. Genomic and Functional Characterization of Environmental Strains of SDS-Degrading Pseudomonas spp., Providing a Source of New Sulfatases. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1795. [PMID: 30174655 PMCID: PMC6107682 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical, physiological and genomic comparisons of two Pseudomonas strains, assigned previously to the Pseudomonas jessenii subgroup, which are efficient SDS-degraders were carried out. A GO enrichment analysis showed that the genomes of SDS-degraders encode more genes connected with bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and alkanesulfonate monooxygenase activity than their closest relatives from the P. jessenii subgroup. A transcriptomic analysis of the most promising strain exposed to detergent suggests that although SDS can be later utilized as a carbon source, in early stages it influences cell envelope integrity, causing a global stress response followed by cell wall modification and induction of repair mechanisms. Genomes of the analyzed strains from P. jessenii group encode multiple putative sulfatases and their enzymatic activity was experimentally verified, which led to the identification of three novel enzymes exhibiting activity toward SDS. Two of the novel alkylsulfatases showed their highest activity at pH 8.0 and the temperature of 60°C or 70°C. One of the enzymes retained its activity even after 1 h of incubation at 60°C. Ions like K+ and Mg2+ enhanced enzymatic activity of both proteins, whereas Cu2+ or EDTA had inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa M Furmanczyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Lipinski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Dziembowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Sobczak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Halla N, Fernandes IP, Heleno SA, Costa P, Boucherit-Otmani Z, Boucherit K, Rodrigues AE, Ferreira ICFR, Barreiro MF. Cosmetics Preservation: A Review on Present Strategies. Molecules 2018; 23:E1571. [PMID: 29958439 PMCID: PMC6099538 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetics, like any product containing water and organic/inorganic compounds, require preservation against microbial contamination to guarantee consumer’s safety and to increase their shelf-life. The microbiological safety has as main goal of consumer protection against potentially pathogenic microorganisms, together with the product’s preservation resulting from biological and physicochemical deterioration. This is ensured by chemical, physical, or physicochemical strategies. The most common strategy is based on the application of antimicrobial agents, either by using synthetic or natural compounds, or even multifunctional ingredients. Current validation of a preservation system follow the application of good manufacturing practices (GMPs), the control of the raw material, and the verification of the preservative effect by suitable methodologies, including the challenge test. Among the preservatives described in the positive lists of regulations, there are parabens, isothiasolinone, organic acids, formaldehyde releasers, triclosan, and chlorhexidine. These chemical agents have different mechanisms of antimicrobial action, depending on their chemical structure and functional group’s reactivity. Preservatives act on several cell targets; however, they might present toxic effects to the consumer. Indeed, their use at high concentrations is more effective from the preservation viewpoint being, however, toxic for the consumer, whereas at low concentrations microbial resistance can develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Halla
- Antibiotics Antifungal Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Synthesis and Biological Activity (LAPSAB), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria.
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Recovery of Plants, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Moulay-Tahar, 20000 Saida, Algeria.
| | - Isabel P Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Costa
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Zahia Boucherit-Otmani
- Antibiotics Antifungal Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Synthesis and Biological Activity (LAPSAB), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria.
| | - Kebir Boucherit
- Antibiotics Antifungal Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Synthesis and Biological Activity (LAPSAB), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria.
| | - Alírio E Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Maria Filomena Barreiro
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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11
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López G, Heredia R, Boeris P, Lucchesi G. Content of cardiolipin of the membrane and sensitivity to cationic surfactants in Pseudomonas putida. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1004-14. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G.A. López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Físico-Químicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - R.M. Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Físico-Químicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - P.S. Boeris
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Físico-Químicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - G.I. Lucchesi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Físico-Químicas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
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12
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Sautrey G, El Khoury M, Dos Santos AG, Zimmermann L, Deleu M, Lins L, Décout JL, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. Negatively Charged Lipids as a Potential Target for New Amphiphilic Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: A BIOPHYSICAL STUDY. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:13864-74. [PMID: 27189936 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.665364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membranes are highly organized, containing specific microdomains that facilitate distinct protein and lipid assemblies. Evidence suggests that cardiolipin molecules segregate into such microdomains, probably conferring a negative curvature to the inner plasma membrane during membrane fission upon cell division. 3',6-Dinonyl neamine is an amphiphilic aminoglycoside derivative active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including strains resistant to colistin. The mechanisms involved at the molecular level were identified using lipid models (large unilamellar vesicles, giant unilamelllar vesicles, and lipid monolayers) that mimic the inner membrane of P. aeruginosa The study demonstrated the interaction of 3',6-dinonyl neamine with cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol, two negatively charged lipids from inner bacterial membranes. This interaction induced membrane permeabilization and depolarization. Lateral segregation of cardiolipin and membrane hemifusion would be critical for explaining the effects induced on lipid membranes by amphiphilic aminoglycoside antibiotics. The findings contribute to an improved understanding of how amphiphilic aminoglycoside antibiotics that bind to negatively charged lipids like cardiolipin could be promising antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sautrey
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Micheline El Khoury
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Andreia Giro Dos Santos
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Louis Zimmermann
- the Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université de Grenoble, Alpes/CNRS, UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 Rue de la Chimie, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France, and
| | - Magali Deleu
- the Laboratoire de Biophysique Moleculaire aux Interfaces, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lins
- the Laboratoire de Biophysique Moleculaire aux Interfaces, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Décout
- the Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université de Grenoble, Alpes/CNRS, UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 Rue de la Chimie, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France, and
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium,
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13
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Marisa Heredia R, Sabrina Boeris P, Sebastián Liffourrena A, Fernanda Bergero M, Alberto López G, Inés Lucchesi G. Release of outer membrane vesicles in Pseudomonas putida as a response to stress caused by cationic surfactants. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2016; 162:813-822. [PMID: 26925774 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida A (ATCC 12633), a degrader of cationic surfactants, releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) when grown with tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source. The OMVs exhibit a bilayer structure and were found to be composed of lipopolysaccharides, proteins and phospholipids (PLs) such as cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The OMVs showed a marked increase in the PG content, approximately 43 % higher than the amount registered in the parent cells from which the vesicles were derived. After growth of P. putida with TTAB, the amount of lipoprotein covalently cross-linked to the peptidoglycan showed a twofold decrease when compared with values found after growth without the surfactant [16 ± 2 and 28 ± 3 μg (mg cell envelope protein)- 1, respectively]. This decrease in the amount of lipoprotein can be related to areas of loss of contact between the outer membrane and the peptidoglycan and, therefore, to OMV production. In addition, due to its amphiphilic nature, TTAB can contribute to OMV biogenesis, through a physical mechanism, by induction of the curvature of the membrane. Taking into account that OVMs were produced when the cells were grown under external stress, caused by the surfactant, and that TTAB was detected in the vesicles [48 nmol TTAB (nmol PL)- 1], we concluded that this system of TTAB elimination is a mechanism that P. putida A (ATCC 12633) would utilize for alleviating stress caused by cationic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Marisa Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paola Sabrina Boeris
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés Sebastián Liffourrena
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Bergero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gastón Alberto López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gloria Inés Lucchesi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Alonso-Calleja C, Guerrero-Ramos E, Alonso-Hernando A, Capita R. Adaptation and cross-adaptation of Escherichia coli ATCC 12806 to several food-grade biocides. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Kondakova T, D'Heygère F, Feuilloley MJ, Orange N, Heipieper HJ, Duclairoir Poc C. Glycerophospholipid synthesis and functions in Pseudomonas. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 190:27-42. [PMID: 26148574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The genus Pseudomonas is one of the most heterogeneous groups of eubacteria, presents in all major natural environments and in wide range of associations with plants and animals. The wide distribution of these bacteria is due to the use of specific mechanisms to adapt to environmental modifications. Generally, bacterial adaptation is only considered under the aspect of genes and protein expression, but lipids also play a pivotal role in bacterial functioning and homeostasis. This review resumes the mechanisms and regulations of pseudomonal glycerophospholipid synthesis, and the roles of glycerophospholipids in bacterial metabolism and homeostasis. Recently discovered specific pathways of P. aeruginosa lipid synthesis indicate the lineage dependent mechanisms of fatty acids homeostasis. Pseudomonas glycerophospholipids ensure structure functions and play important roles in bacterial adaptation to environmental modifications. The lipidome of Pseudomonas contains a typical eukaryotic glycerophospholipid--phosphatidylcholine -, which is involved in bacteria-host interactions. The ability of Pseudomonas to exploit eukaryotic lipids shows specific and original strategies developed by these microorganisms to succeed in their infectious process. All compiled data provide the demonstration of the importance of studying the Pseudomonas lipidome to inhibit the infectious potential of these highly versatile germs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Kondakova
- Normandie University of Rouen, Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM), EA 4312, 55 rue St. Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - François D'Heygère
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Marc J Feuilloley
- Normandie University of Rouen, Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM), EA 4312, 55 rue St. Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Nicole Orange
- Normandie University of Rouen, Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM), EA 4312, 55 rue St. Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Hermann J Heipieper
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cécile Duclairoir Poc
- Normandie University of Rouen, Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM), EA 4312, 55 rue St. Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
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Wang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Wang B, Tao G, Wang X. Structure characterization of phospholipids and lipid A of Pseudomonas putida KT2442. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2015; 21:739-746. [PMID: 26579930 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida KT2442 is an important bacterium for producing various types of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers. Phospholipids and lipid A in membranes of P. putida play important roles in stress responses, but detailed structural information of these lipids is not known. In this study, phospholipids and lipid A were isolated from P. putida KT2442, and their structures were analyzed using thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. Major phospholipids in P. putida KT2442 were phosphatidylethanolamine (79.9%), phosphatidylglycero1 (12.7%), and cardiolipin (7.4%), with C16:1 and/or C18:1 acyl chains. Four lipid A species were found in P. putida KT2442: two are hexa-acylated, and the other two are penta-acylated. Compared with lipid A of P. aeruginosa, P. putida lipid A has less hydroxylation on the secondary acyl chains and less modification. Therefore, P. putida lipid A could be used as a base structure to investigate lipid A modification of P. aeruginosa for understanding its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
| | - Jianli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, Chinaof Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, Chinaotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
| | - Biwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, Chinaotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
| | - Guanjun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, Chinaotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, Chinaechnology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 21422, China.
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Kondakova T, Merlet-Machour N, Chapelle M, Preterre D, Dionnet F, Feuilloley M, Orange N, Duclairoir Poc C. A new study of the bacterial lipidome: HPTLC-MALDI-TOF imaging enlightening the presence of phosphatidylcholine in airborne Pseudomonas fluorescens MFAF76a. Res Microbiol 2014; 166:1-8. [PMID: 25478686 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are major functional components of bacterial cells that play fundamental roles in bacterial metabolism and the barrier function between cells and the environment. In an effort to investigate the bacterial lipidome, we adopted a protocol using MALDI-TOF MS imaging coupled to HPTLC to screen a large number of phospholipid classes in a short span of time. With this method, phospholipids of airborne Pseudomonas fluorescens MFAF76a were visualized and identified in sample extracts (measurement accuracy below 0.1 Da, phospholipid identification by means of four characteristic fragment peaks). Via this technique, the P. fluorescens lipidome was shown to comprise three major lipid classes: phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The protocol described herein is simple, rapid and effective for screening of bacterial phospholipid classes. The remarkable presence of a eukaryotic phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine, was observed in P. fluorescens MFAF76a. This lipid is known to play a role in bacteria-host interactions and had not been known to be found in P. fluorescens cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Kondakova
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) EA4312, Normandy Univ., Univ. Rouen, 55 rue St Germain, 27000 Evreux, France; Aerothermic and Internal Combustion Engine Technological Research Center (CERTAM), 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Nadine Merlet-Machour
- Team Modified to Surface and Interface Analysis (SIMA), UMR 6014 COBRA, Normandy Univ., Univ. Rouen, 55 rue St Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
| | | | - David Preterre
- Aerothermic and Internal Combustion Engine Technological Research Center (CERTAM), 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Frédéric Dionnet
- Aerothermic and Internal Combustion Engine Technological Research Center (CERTAM), 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Marc Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) EA4312, Normandy Univ., Univ. Rouen, 55 rue St Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
| | - Nicole Orange
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) EA4312, Normandy Univ., Univ. Rouen, 55 rue St Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
| | - Cécile Duclairoir Poc
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) EA4312, Normandy Univ., Univ. Rouen, 55 rue St Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
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18
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Heredia RM, Boeris PS, Biasutti MA, López GA, Paulucci NS, Lucchesi GI. Coordinated response of phospholipids and acyl components of membrane lipids in Pseudomonas putida A (ATCC 12633) under stress caused by cationic surfactants. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2014; 160:2618-2626. [PMID: 25280753 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.081943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the role of membrane components of Pseudomonas putida A (ATCC 12633) under chemical stress conditions originated by treatment with tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), a cationic surfactant. We examined changes in fatty acid composition and in the fluidity of the membranes of cells exposed to TTAB at a specific point of growth as well as of cells growing with TTAB. The addition of 10-50 mg TTAB l(-1) promoted an increase in the saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio. By using fluorescence polarization techniques, we found that TTAB exerted a fluidizing effect on P. putida A (ATCC 12633) membranes. However, a complete reversal of induced membrane fluidification was detected after 15 min of incubation with TTAB. Consistently, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was lower in TTAB-treated cells as compared with non-treated cells. In the presence of TTAB, the content of phosphatidylglycerol increased (120 %), whilst that of cardiolipin decreased (60 %). Analysis of the fatty acid composition of P. putida A (ATCC 12633) showed that phosphatidylglycerol carried the major proportion of saturated fatty acids (89 %), whilst cardiolipin carried an elevated proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (18 %). The increase in phosphatidylglycerol and consequently in saturated fatty acids, together with a decrease in cardiolipin content, enabled greater membrane resistance, reversing the fluidizing effect of TTAB. Therefore, results obtained in the present study point to changes in the fatty acid profile as an adaptive response of P. putida A (ATCC 12633) cells to stress caused by a cationic surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Marisa Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paola Sabrina Boeris
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Alicia Biasutti
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gastón Alberto López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia Soledad Paulucci
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gloria Inés Lucchesi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CPX5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Capita R, Alonso-Calleja C. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria: a challenge for the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:11-48. [PMID: 23035919 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.519837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were first described in the 1940s, but whereas new antibiotics were being discovered at a steady rate, the consequences of this phenomenon were slow to be appreciated. At present, the paucity of new antimicrobials coming into the market has led to the problem of antibiotic resistance fast escalating into a global health crisis. Although the selective pressure exerted by the use of antibiotics (particularly overuse or misuse) has been deemed the major factor in the emergence of bacterial resistance to these antimicrobials, concerns about the role of the food industry have been growing in recent years and have been raised at both national and international levels. The selective pressure exerted by the use of antibiotics (primary production) and biocides (e.g., disinfectants, food and feed preservatives, or decontaminants) is the main driving force behind the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistance throughout the food chain. Genetically modified (GM) crops with antibiotic resistance marker genes, microorganisms added intentionally to the food chain (probiotic or technological) with potentially transferable antimicrobial resistance genes, and food processing technologies used at sub-lethal doses (e.g., alternative non-thermal treatments) are also issues for concern. This paper presents the main trends in antibiotic resistance and antibiotic development in recent decades, as well as their economic and health consequences, current knowledge concerning the generation, dissemination, and mechanisms of antibacterial resistance, progress to date on the possible routes for emergence of resistance throughout the food chain and the role of foods as a vehicle for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The main approaches to prevention and control of the development, selection, and spread of antibacterial resistance in the food industry are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Capita
- Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, Spain.
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Boeris PS, Lucchesi GI. The phosphatidylcholine synthase of Pseudomonas putida A ATCC 12633 is responsible for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which acts as a temporary reservoir for Al3+. Microbiology (Reading) 2012; 158:1249-1257. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.054072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola S. Boeris
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gloria I. Lucchesi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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21
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Boeris P, Liffourrena A, Salvano M, Lucchesi G. Physiological role of phosphatidylcholine in thePseudomonas putidaA ATCC 12633 response to tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and aluminium. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 49:491-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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