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ATP Bioluminescence Assay To Evaluate Antibiotic Combinations against Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0065122. [PMID: 35876574 PMCID: PMC9431428 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00651-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-kill curves are used to study antibiotic combinations, but the colony count method to obtain the results is time-consuming. The aim of the study was to validate an ATP assay as an alternative to the conventional colony count method in studies of antibiotic combinations. The cutoff point for synergy and bactericidal effect to categorize the results using this alternative method were determined in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ATP assay was performed using the GloMax 96 microplate luminometer (Promega), which measures bioluminescence in relative light units (RLU). To standardize this assay, background, linearity, and the detection limit were determined with one strain each of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Twenty-four-hour time-kill curves were performed in parallel by both methods with 12 strains of P. aeruginosa. The conventional method was used as a “gold” standard to establish the pharmacodynamic cutoff points in the ATP method. Normal saline solution was established as washing/dilution medium. RLU signal correlated with CFU when the assay was performed within the linear range. The categorization of the pharmacodynamic parameters using the ATP assay was equivalent to that of the colony count method. The bactericidal effect and synergy cutoff points were 1.348 (93% sensitivity, 81% specificity) and 1.065 (95% sensitivity, 89% specificity) log RLU/mL, respectively. The ATP assay was useful to determine the effectiveness of antibiotic combinations in time-kill curves. This method, less laborious and faster than the colony count method, could be implemented in the clinical laboratory workflow. IMPORTANCE Combining antibiotics is one of the few strategies available to overcome infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Time-kill curves are usually performed to evaluate antibiotic combinations, but obtaining results is too laborious to be routinely performed in a clinical laboratory. Our results support the utility of an ATP measurement assay using bioluminescence to determine the effectiveness of antibiotic combinations in time-kill curves. This method may be implemented in the clinical laboratory workflow as it is less laborious and faster than the conventional colony count method. Shortening the obtention of results to 24 h would also allow an earlier guided combined antibiotic treatment.
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Barros AC, Melo LF, Pereira A. A Multi-Purpose Approach to the Mechanisms of Action of Two Biocides (Benzalkonium Chloride and Dibromonitrilopropionamide): Discussion of Pseudomonas fluorescens’ Viability and Death. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:842414. [PMID: 35250955 PMCID: PMC8894764 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocides are widely used in water treatment for microbiological control. The rise of antimicrobial resistance and the need to assure properly managed water systems require a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of biocides and of their impact on cell’s viability as a function of dosage concentrations. The present work addresses these two aspects regarding the biocides benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and dibromonitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)—two biocides commonly found in the water treatment industry. For that, the following parameters were studied: culturability, membrane integrity, metabolic activity, cellular energy, and the structure and morphology of cells. Also, to assess cell’s death, a reliable positive control, consisting of cells killed by autoclave (dead cells), was introduced. The results confirmed that BAC is a lytic biocide and DBNPA a moderate electrophilic one. Furthermore, the comparison between cells exposed to the biocides’ minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and autoclaved cells revealed that other viability parameters should be taken into consideration as “death indicators.” The present work also shows that only for the concentrations above the MBC the viability indicators reached values statistically similar to the ones observed for the autoclaved cells (considered to be definitively dead). Finally, the importance of considering the biocide mechanism of action in the definition of the viability parameter to use in the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) determination is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Barros
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis F. Melo
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Pereira,
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Frolov G, Lyagin I, Senko O, Stepanov N, Pogorelsky I, Efremenko E. Metal Nanoparticles for Improving Bactericide Functionality of Usual Fibers. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091724. [PMID: 32878095 PMCID: PMC7557869 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of microbiological hazards stimulates a constant development of new protective materials against them. For that, the application of some nanomaterials seems to be very promising. Modification of usual fibers with different metal nanoparticles was successfully illustrated in the work. Tantal nanoparticles have shown the highest antibacterial potency within fibrous materials against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Besides, the effect of tantal nanoparticles towards luminescent Photobacterium phosphoreum cells estimating the general sample ecotoxicity was issued for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Frolov
- National Research Technological University “MISIS”, Leninsky ave. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ilya Lyagin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Senko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Stepanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Pogorelsky
- 48 Central Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Oktyabrsky ave. 121, 610017 Kirov, Russia;
| | - Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+7-(495)-939-3170; Fax: +7-(495)-939-5417
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Immunomagnetic separation combined with RT-qPCR for evaluating the effect of disinfectant treatments against norovirus on food contact surfaces. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Evaluation of an Amplified ATP Bioluminescence Method for Rapid Sterility Testing of Large Volume Parenteral. J Pharm Innov 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-018-9344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Toziou PM, Barmpalexis P, Boukouvala P, Verghese S, Nikolakakis I. Quantification of live Lactobacillus acidophilus in mixed populations of live and killed by application of attenuated reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018. [PMID: 29529490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since culture-based methods are costly and time consuming, alternative methods are investigated for the quantification of probiotics in commercial products. In this work ATR- FTIR vibration spectroscopy was applied for the differentiation and quantification of live Lactobacillus (La 5) in mixed populations of live and killed La 5, in the absence and in the presence of enteric polymer Eudragit® L 100-55. Suspensions of live (La 5_L) and killed in acidic environment bacillus (La 5_K) were prepared and binary mixtures of different percentages were used to grow cell cultures for colony counting and spectral analysis. The increase in the number of colonies with added%La 5_L to the mixture was log-linear (r2 = 0.926). Differentiation of La 5_L from La 5_K was possible directly from the peak area at 1635 cm-1 (amides of proteins and peptides) and a linear relationship between%La 5_L and peak area in the range 0-95% was obtained. Application of partial least squares regression (PLSR) gave reasonable prediction of%La 5_L (RMSEp = 6.48) in binary mixtures of live and killed La 5 but poor prediction (RMSEp = 11.75) when polymer was added to the La 5 mixture. Application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) improved greatly the predictive ability for%La 5_L both in the absence and in the presence of polymer (RMSEp = 8.11 × 10-8 for La 5 only mixtures and RMSEp = 8.77 × 10-8 with added polymer) due to their ability to express in the calibration models more hidden spectral information than PLSR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Verghese
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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Two low complexity ultra-high throughput methods to identify diverse chemically bioactive molecules using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiol Res 2017; 199:10-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lomakina GY, Modestova YA, Ugarova NN. Bioluminescence assay for cell viability. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:701-13. [PMID: 26531016 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915060061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical aspects of the adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay based on the use of the firefly luciferin-luciferase system are considered, as well as its application for assessing cell viability in microbiology, sanitation, medicine, and ecology. Various approaches for the analysis of individual or mixed cultures of microorganisms are presented, and capabilities of the method for investigation of biological processes in live cells including necrosis, apoptosis, as well as for investigation of the dynamics of metabolism are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yu Lomakina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Rahman UU, Shahzad T, Sahar A, Ishaq A, Khan MI, Zahoor T, Aslam S. Recapitulating the competence of novel & rapid monitoring tools for microbial documentation in food systems. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ismayilov IT, Stepanov NA, Efremenko EN, Abbasov VM. Evaluation of biocidal properties of vegetable oil-based corrosion inhibitors using bioluminescent enzymatic method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3103/s0027131415040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Determination of microbial load for different beverages and foodstuff by assessment of intracellular ATP. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Evaluation of Petrifilm™ aerobic count plates as an equivalent alternative to drop plating on R2A agar plates in a biofilm disinfectant efficacy test. Curr Microbiol 2014; 70:450-6. [PMID: 25471267 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper compares Petrifilm™ aerobic count (AC) plates to drop plating on R2A agar plates as an alternative method for biofilm bacteria enumeration after application of a disinfectant. A Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm was grown in a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention biofilm reactor (ASTM E2562) and treated with 123 ppm sodium hypochlorite (as free chlorine) according to the Single Tube Method (ASTM E2871). Aliquots from the same dilution tubes were plated on Petrifilm™ AC plates and drop plated on R2A agar plates. The Petrifilm™ AC and R2A plates were incubated for 48 and 24 h, respectively, at 36 ± 1 °C. After nine experimental runs performed by two technicians, the mean difference in biofilm log densities [log biofilm density (LD) = log10(CFU/cm(2))] between the two methods for control coupons, treated coupons, and log reduction (LR) was 0.052 (p = 0.451), -0.102 (p = 0.303), and 0.152 (p = 0.313). Equivalence testing was used to assess equivalence of the two plating methods. The 90 % confidence intervals for the difference in control and treated mean LDs between methods were (-0.065, 0.170) and (-0.270, 0.064), both of which fall within a (-0.5, +0.5) equivalence criterion. The 90 % confidence interval for the mean LR difference (-0.113, 0.420) also falls within this equivalence criterion. Thus, Petrifilm™ AC plates were shown to be statistically equivalent to drop plating on R2A agar for the determination of control LDs, treated LDs, and LR values in an anti-biofilm efficacy test. These are the first published results that establish equivalency to a traditional plate counting technique for biofilms and for a disinfectant assay.
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