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Schiller S, Rustemeier E, Kraus D, Stark H, Müller F, Utz KH. Misfit of Complete Maxillary Dentures' Posterior Palatal Seal following Polymerisation with Four Different Autopolymerising Resins: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5285. [PMID: 35955220 PMCID: PMC9369520 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of complete dentures are still conventionally manufactured using a flask-and-pack technique. However, the polymerization process may introduce a distortion of the denture body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the three-dimensional fit of the posterior palatal seal of maxillary complete dentures with the original impression, and to give recommendations for scraping. METHODS Four autopolymerising resins were used to manufacture 40 palatal plates each for high, medium and flat palates (total n = 120). The misfit was captured by taking a reline impression with a highly fluid silicone, the dimensions of which were measured with a flat-bed scanner. RESULTS The shape of the palate had a significant impact (median p = 0.0435), but not the resin type (median p = 0.2575). It was largest for the flat palate and smallest for the high palate. The largest misfit was observed in the palatal midline area (flat-palate average median: 685 µm; high and medium palates: 620 µm) decreasing towards the lateral and anterior regions. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest compensating for the palatal misfit that occurs with autopolymerising resins by scraping a postdam of an approximately 0.7 mm depth to the master cast, decreasing towards the anterior and lateral areas. In high and medium palates, the scraping could be less pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schiller
- Independent Researcher, Kastanienstraße 10, 53340 Meckenheim, Germany;
| | - Elke Rustemeier
- Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Frankfurter Straße 135, 63067 Offenbach am Main, Germany;
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany; (D.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Helmut Stark
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany; (D.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Frauke Müller
- Division de Gérodontologie et Prothèse Adjointe, Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Dentaire (CUMD), 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Karl-Heinz Utz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany; (D.K.); (H.S.)
- Independent Researcher, Käferweg 1, 53639 Königswinter, Germany
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Comparison of CAD/CAM and Conventional Denture Base Resins: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11135990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
At present, complete dentures (CDs) remain the only treatment available for the majority of edentulous patients. CDs are primarily fabricated using a conventional method using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin. The steps involved in PMMA polymerisation directly affect the quality of the resin prosthetic base and any error reduces retention and occlusal accuracy of CDs. Furthermore, when using the conventional technique, the residual monomer alters the resin mechanical properties and may cause mucosal reactions. Recently, computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) techniques were increasingly used to fabricate CDs by machining resin discs that have been manufactured under high pressure and temperature. This systematic review compares CAD/CAM and conventional CDs according to their mechanical, physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the clinical impact of any differences between them. A review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses checklist on 392 publications from both PubMed and backward research. Fifteen studies have been included. Results showed that CAD/CAM resins had globally better physical and mechanical properties than conventional resins. The use of machined resin could improve the clinical performance, maintenance and longevity of CDs. Further studies in clinical use would be required to complement these results.
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Sahin O, Ozdemir AK, Turgut M, Boztug A, Sumer Z. Investigation of flexural strength and cytotoxicity of acrylic resin copolymers by using different polymerization methods. J Adv Prosthodont 2015; 7:98-107. [PMID: 25932307 PMCID: PMC4414953 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.2.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to appraise the some mechanical properties of polymethyl methacrylate based denture base resin polymerized by copolymerization mechanism, and to investigate the cytotoxic effect of these copolymer resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and isobutyl methacrylate (IBMA) were added to monomers of conventional heat polymerized and injection-molded poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin contents of 2%, 3%, and 5% by volume and polymerization was carried out. Three-point bending test was performed to detect flexural strength and the elasticity modulus of the resins. To determine the statistical differences between the study groups, the Kruskall-Wallis test was performed. Then pairwise comparisons were performed between significant groups by Mann-Whitney U test. Agar-overlay test was performed to determine cytotoxic effect of copolymer resins. Chemical analysis was determined by FTIR spectrum. RESULTS Synthesis of the copolymer was approved by FTIR spectroscopy. Within the conventional heat-polymerized group maximum transverse strength had been seen in the HEMA 2% concentration; however, when the concentration ratio increased, the strength decreased. In the injection-molded group, maximum transverse strength had been seen in the IBMA 2% concentration; also as the concentration ratio increased, the strength decreased. Only IBMA showed no cytotoxic effect at low concentrations when both two polymerization methods applied while HEMA showed cytotoxic effect in the injection-molded resins. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that IBMA and HEMA may be used in low concentration and at high temperature to obtain non-cytotoxic and durable copolymer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Sahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Ali Kemal Ozdemir
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Turgut
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dentaforum Dental Clinic, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ali Boztug
- Department of Chemistry, Tunceli University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Sumer
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Nik TH, Shahroudi AS, Eraghihzadeh Z, Aghajani F. Comparison of residual monomer loss from cold-cure orthodontic acrylic resins processed by different polymerization techniques. J Orthod 2014; 41:30-7. [DOI: 10.1179/1465313313y.0000000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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5
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Sousa TFA, Aniceto MC, Amorim CG, Souto-Lopes M, Pérez-Mongiovi D, Montenegro MCBSM, Araújo AN. Vortex-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography for a higher sensitivity methyl methacrylate determination in biological matrices. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:680-5. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. A. Sousa
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto; R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Marta C. Aniceto
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto; R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Célia G. Amorim
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto; R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Mariana Souto-Lopes
- Department of Basic Science and Dental Medicine; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto; R. Dr Manuel Pereira da Silva 4200-393 Porto Portugal
| | - Daniel Pérez-Mongiovi
- Department of Basic Science and Dental Medicine; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto; R. Dr Manuel Pereira da Silva 4200-393 Porto Portugal
| | - Maria C. B. S. M. Montenegro
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto; R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Alberto N. Araújo
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto; R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
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YOSHIDA K, KUROGI T, TORISU T, WATANABE I, MURATA H. Effects of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate on properties of autopolymerized hard direct denture reline resins. Dent Mater J 2013; 32:744-52. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Köroǧlu A, Özdemir T, Duru Pamir A, Usanmaz A. Residual acrylic monomer content of denture base resins with different fiber systems. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Liu F, Liao L, He J, Luo Y, Jia D. Evaluation of new tri-methacrylates as a reactive diluent in root canal sealant. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2011; 22:1379-1391. [PMID: 20594412 DOI: 10.1163/092050610x508428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel tri-methacrylate oligomer, GPTEMA, with three long-branched chain structures was synthesized through the reaction of glycerol propoxylate triglycidyl ether (GPTE) and methacrylic acid. The structure of GPTEMA was confirmed by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) and element analysis. The GPTEMA was used to partially or completely replace TEGDMA as reactive diluent and applied in a root canal sealant system containing Bis-GMA. The effects of GPTEMA on the polymerization behavior of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/GPTEMA co-polymer and properties of its polymerizing product were investigated. Polymerization shrinkage, double bond conversion, glass transition temperature, flexural strength, flexural modulus, water sorption and diffusion coefficient of the Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/GPTEMA co-polymer were measured. The results illustrated that the Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/GPTEMA co-polymer attained lower polymerization shrinkage and higher double bond conversion. However, its T g, flexural strength and flexural modulus decreased with increasing content of GPTEMA, water sorption and diffusion coefficient increased with increasing content of GPTEMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- a College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China.
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Cramer NB, Couch CL, Schreck KM, Carioscia JA, Boulden JE, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. Investigation of thiol-ene and thiol-ene-methacrylate based resins as dental restorative materials. Dent Mater 2010; 26:21-8. [PMID: 19781757 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 07/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to evaluate thiol-norbornene and thiol-ene-methacrylate systems as the resin phase of dental restorative materials and demonstrate their superior performance as compared to dimethacrylate materials. METHODS Polymerization kinetics and overall functional group conversions were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Flexural strength and modulus were determined with a 3-point flexural test. Polymerization-induced shrinkage stress was measured with a tensometer. RESULTS Thiol-ene polymer systems were demonstrated to exhibit advantageous properties for dental restorative materials in regards to rapid curing kinetics, high conversion, and low shrinkage and stress. However, both the thiol-norbornene and thiol-allyl ether systems studied here exhibit significant reductions in flexural strength and modulus relative to BisGMA/TEGDMA. By utilizing the thiol-ene component as the reactive diluent in dimethacrylate systems, high flexural modulus and strength are achieved while dramatically reducing the polymerization shrinkage stress. The methacrylate-thiol-allyl ether and methacrylate-thiol-norbornene systems both exhibited equivalent flexural modulus (2.1+/-0.1 GPa) and slightly reduced flexural strength (95+/-1 and 101+/-3 MPa, respectively) relative to BisGMA/TEGDMA (flexural modulus; 2.2+0.1 GPa and flexural strength; 112+/-3 MPa). Both the methacrylate-thiol-allyl ether and methacrylate-thiol-norbornene systems exhibited dramatic reductions in shrinkage stress (1.1+/-0.1 and 1.1+/-0.2 MPa, respectively) relative to BisGMA/TEGDMA (2.6+/-0.2 MPa). SIGNIFICANCE The improved polymerization kinetics and overall functional group conversion, coupled with reductions in shrinkage stress while maintaining equivalent flexural modulus, result in a superior overall dental restorative material as compared to traditional bulk dimethacrylate resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil B Cramer
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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10
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Bowman CN, Kloxin CJ. Toward an enhanced understanding and implementation of photopolymerization reactions. AIChE J 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Mikai M, Koike M, Fujii H. Quantitative analysis of allergenic ingredients in eluate extracted from used denture base resin. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:216-20. [PMID: 16512888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Allergenic ingredients extracted from used denture base resin were quantitatively analysed using a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer and high performance liquid chromatography. Methyl methacrylate (MMA), hydroquinone (HQ), formaldehyde (FMA), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), benzoic acid (BA) and methyl benzoate (MB) were detected in a eluate from all of the dentures, while ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (DME) was detected in the eluate from 87 dentures in use for <15 years. MMA, HQ, FMA, BPO and MB showed a decrease in correlation to the period of denture use, but continuing to be evident even after 29 years of use. The MMA showed the highest level of elution and a relatively moderate decrease over time. The elution of BA, on the contrary, showed an increase with the period of denture use up to about 10 years and subsequently reached a plateau. Our results indicate that purported allergens exist in the resin base and can be eluted into the oral cavity, even in patients using an old denture for a period of nearly 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mikai
- Division of Removable Prosthodontics and Management of Oral Function, Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Urban VM, Cass QB, Oliveira RV, Giampaolo ET, Machado AL. Development and application of methods for determination of residual monomer in dental acrylic resins using high performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2006; 20:369-76. [PMID: 16177959 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two high-performance liquid chromatographic methods for determination of residual monomer in dental acrylic resins are described. Monomers were detected by their UV absorbance at 230 nm, on a Nucleosil C18 (5 microm particle size, 100 A pore size, 15 x 0.46 cm i.d.) column. The separation was performed using acetonitrile-water (55:45 v/v) containing 0.01% triethylamine (TEA) for methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate, and acetonitrile-water (60:40 v/v) containing 0.01% TEA for isobutyl methacrylate and 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate as mobile phases, at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Good linear relationships were obtained in the concentration range 5.0-80.0 microg/mL for methyl methacrylate, 10.0-160.0 microg/mL for butyl methacrylate, 50.0-500.0 microg/mL for isobutyl methacrylate and 2.5-180.0 microg/mL for 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate. Adequate assay for intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy was observed during the validation process. An extraction procedure to remove residual monomer from the acrylic resins was also established. Residual monomer was obtained from broken specimens of acrylic disks using methanol as extraction solvent for 2 h in an ice-bath. The developed methods and the extraction procedure were applied to dental acrylic resins, tested with or without post-polymerization treatments, and proved to be accurate and precise for the determination of residual monomer content of the materials evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Urban
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bayraktar G, Guvener B, Bural C, Uresin Y. Influence of polymerization method, curing process, and length of time of storage in water on the residual methyl methacrylate content in dental acrylic resins. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2006; 76:340-5. [PMID: 16161124 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the influence of different polymerization methods (heat, auto-, and microwave energy), different curing processes (in the case of heat- and autopolymerized specimens), and length of storage of the polymerized specimens in distilled water at 37 degrees C on the residual methyl methacrylate (MMA) content in dental acrylic resin specimens. Residual MMA of 120 resin specimens were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. For the heat-polymerized resins, the lowest residual MMA content was obtained when they were given a long-term terminal boil and then stored in the distilled water for at least 1 day. For the autopolymerized resins, the lowest residual MMA content was obtained when they were additionally cured in water at 60 degrees C and then stored in the distilled water at least 1 day. For the microwave-polymerized resins, the lowest residual MMA content was obtained when they were stored in the distilled water at least 1 month. The lowest overall residual MMA content was obtained from heat-polymerized specimens that were given a long-term terminal boil cure and then stored in the distilled water at least 1 day. Different polymerization methods and curing processes have different effects on residual MMA content. It is thus shown that storing a dental acrylic resin specimen in distilled water at 37 degrees C is a simple but effective method of reducing its residual MMA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Bayraktar
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Elliott JE, Lovell LG, Bowman CN. Primary cyclization in the polymerization of bis-GMA and TEGDMA: a modeling approach to understanding the cure of dental resins. Dent Mater 2001; 17:221-9. [PMID: 11257295 DOI: 10.1016/s0109-5641(00)00075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An optimal dental restorative polymeric material would have a homogeneous cross-linking density giving it consistent mechanical strength throughout the material. When multifunctional monomers are polymerized, a pendant double bond can react intramolecularly with the radical on its propagating chain to form a loop, which results in a primary cyclization reaction. Primary cyclization does not contribute to overall network structure, causes microgel formation, and leads to heterogeneity in the polymer. Knowledge of how cure conditions control the degree of primary cyclization and cross-linking in the polymer is important in developing better dental materials. To gain more understanding about the evolving polymer network, the photopolymerization of a typical dental resin (75/25 wt% bis-GMA/TEGDMA) is modeled using a first principals approach. The overall polymerization rate behavior of 75/25 wt% bis-GMA/TEGDMA is predicted using experimentally obtained propagation and termination kinetic rate constants. The effect of chain stiffness and light intensity on the polymerization kinetics is also explored. Furthermore, the model predicts the extent of cross-linking and primary cyclization in the growing polymer network. At 45% conversion, the fraction of bis-GMA and TEGDMA pendant double bonds created that have cycled is 11 and 33%, respectively. The model shows that using a stiff monomer, like bis-GMA, in dental resins diminishes the extent of cyclization and increases the cross-linking density of the polymer. Therefore, better mechanical properties are obtained than if more flexible monomers were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Elliott
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309-0424, USA
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TIBA A, CULBERTSON BILLM. DEVELOPMENT OF VISIBLE LIGHT-CURED MULTI-METHACRYLATES FOR DENTAL RESTORATIVE MATERIALS. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-100101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cucci AL, Vergani CE, Giampaolo ET, Afonso MC. Water sorption, solubility, and bond strength of two autopolymerizing acrylic resins and one heat-polymerizing acrylic resin. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80:434-8. [PMID: 9791790 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(98)70008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Because water sorption of autopolymerizing acrylic reline resins is accompanied by volumetric change, it is a physical property of importance. As residual monomer leaches into the oral fluids and causes tissue irritation, low solubility of these resins is desired. Another requirement is a satisfactory bond between the autopolymerizing acrylic resins and the denture base acrylic resin. PURPOSE This study compared the water sorption, solubility, and the transverse bond strength of 2 autopolymerizing acrylic resins (Duraliner II and Kooliner) and 1 heat-polymerizing acrylic resin (Lucitone 550). MATERIAL AND METHODS The water sorption and solubility test was performed as per International Standards Organization Specification No. 1567 for denture base polymers. Bond strengths between the autopolymerizing acrylic resins and the heat-polymerizing acrylic resin were determine with a 3-point loading test made on specimens immersed in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 50 hours and for 30 days. Visual inspection determined whether failures were adhesive or cohesive. RESULTS Duraliner II acrylic resin showed significantly lower water sorption than Kooliner and Lucitone 550 acrylic resins. No difference was noted in the solubility of all materials. Kooliner acrylic resin demonstrated significantly lower transverse bond strength to denture base acrylic resin and failed adhesively. The failures seen with Duraliner II acrylic resin were primarily cohesive in nature. CONCLUSIONS Autopolymerizing acrylic reline resins met water sorption and solubility requirements. However, Kooliner acrylic resin demonstrated significantly lower bond strength to denture base acrylic resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Cucci
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany.
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Anseth KS, Goodner MD, Reil MA, Kannurpatti AR, Newman SM, Bowman CN. The influence of comonomer composition on dimethacrylate resin properties for dental composites. J Dent Res 1996; 75:1607-12. [PMID: 8906130 DOI: 10.1177/00220345960750081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the polymerization of multifunctional monomers for dental restorations, typical final double-bond conversions range from 55 to 75%. The low conversion results in a large amount of extractable monomer, reduced adhesion to the filler, and the potential for increased swelling. In this work, the ability to increase the maximum conversion by optimizing the copolymer composition is explored. A series of multi-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate monomers of various lengths was used as a model system to determine how the copolymer composition affects the final conversion, the mechanical properties, and the predicted shrinkage. It was found that the ultimate conversion can be significantly increased, shrinkage decreased, and mechanical properties maintained. It was found that up to 30 wt% of poly(ethylene glycol) 600 dimethacrylate could be added to diethylene glycol dimethacrylate without reducing the strength and increasing the conversion. Results for other comonomer combinations were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Anseth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309-0424, USA
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Vallittu PK. The effect of surface treatment of denture acrylic resin on the residual monomer content and its release into water. Acta Odontol Scand 1996; 54:188-92. [PMID: 8811142 DOI: 10.3109/00016359609003522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The test specimens were processed by autopolymerizing poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and their surfaces were untreated, polished in a conventional manner with a rag wheel, or coated with a light-curing resin. The residual methylmethacrylate (MMA) content and its release into water from the specimens were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. The light-curing resin coating reduced most effectively the release of residual MMA into water during a 2-day storage, but conventional polishing of the PMMA surface had a similar effect when the mean values of groups were tested by means of one-way ANOVA (p < 0.001). The residual MMA content was lowest in the test specimens coated with a light-curing resin, whereas only a slight difference was seen when the untreated and polished test specimens were compared. This study suggests that not only light-curing resin coating but also the conventional polishing of the denture PMMA reduces residual MMA release into water in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Vallittu
- Department of Prosthetics and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland
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Abstract
791 patients, among them 59 dental technicians and 732 other patients, were tested with the denture material series (DMS) recommended by the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) in the hospitals of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) between January 1990 and July 1993. Most frequently, positive reactions occurred to cadmium chloride in both groups. However, there was no evidence at all for relevance of these reactions. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) ranked 2nd in patch test positivity. Although not statistically significant, reactions were more frequent in dental technicians, who might be exposed to BPO the in working environment. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) were common sensitizers in dental technicians but not in other patients. This finding, too, has its explanation in the working process of manufacturing dental prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gebhart
- University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Jena, Germany
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Vallittu PK, Miettinen V, Alakuijala P. Residual monomer content and its release into water from denture base materials. Dent Mater 1995; 11:338-42. [PMID: 8595832 DOI: 10.1016/0109-5641(95)80031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the content and amount of residual monomer released from heat-cured and chemical-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) during storage in water. METHODS Residual monomer was extracted from ground PMMA with tetrahydrofuran and from the storage water with n-hexane. Samples were analyzed by using HPLC-chromatography. Duration of the storage period in water was up to 8 wk at temperatures of +22 degrees C and +37 degrees C. RESULTS Residual monomer content of chemical-cured PMMA was higher than that of heat-cured PMMA. The effect of storage temperature was significant (p<0.001). During the first day of storage at +37 degrees C, the monomer release from chemical-cured PMMA was 1906.7 ppm and from the heat-cured PMMA 34.5 ppm and that release was higher at +37 degrees C than at +22 degrees C (p<0.001). SIGNIFICANCE This study suggests that the amount of released monomer can be diminished by storing the PMMA product in water for at least 1 d before use, preferably at +37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Vallittu
- Department of Prosthetics and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland
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Anseth KS, Newman SM, Bowman CN. Polymeric dental composites: Properties and reaction behavior of multimethacrylate dental restorations. BIOPOLYMERS II 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/3540587888_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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