Pizolato RA, Fernandes FSDF, Gavião MBD. Speech evaluation in children with temporomandibular disorders.
J Appl Oral Sci 2012;
19:493-9. [PMID:
21986655 PMCID:
PMC3984196 DOI:
10.1590/s1678-77572011000500010]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of temporomandibular
disorders (TMD) on speech in children, and to verify the influence of occlusal
characteristics.
Material and methods
Speech and dental occlusal characteristics were assessed in 152 Brazilian children
(78 boys and 74 girls), aged 8 to 12 (mean age 10.05 ± 1.39 years) with or without
TMD signs and symptoms. The clinical signs were evaluated using the Research
Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) (axis I) and the symptoms were evaluated
using a questionnaire. The following groups were formed: Group TMD (n=40), TMD
signs and symptoms (Group S and S, n=68), TMD signs or symptoms (Group S or S,
n=33), and without signs and symptoms (Group N, n=11). Articulatory speech
disorders were diagnosed during spontaneous speech and repetition of the words
using the "Phonological Assessment of Child Speech" for the Portuguese language.
It was also applied a list of 40 phonological balanced words, read by the speech
pathologist and repeated by the children. Data were analyzed by descriptive
statistics, Fisher's exact or Chi-square tests (α=0.05).
Results
A slight prevalence of articulatory disturbances, such as substitutions, omissions
and distortions of the sibilants /s/ and /z/, and no deviations in jaw lateral
movements were observed. Reduction of vertical amplitude was found in 10 children,
the prevalence being greater in TMD signs and symptoms children than in the normal
children. The tongue protrusion in phonemes /t/, /d/, /n/, /l/ and frontal lips in
phonemes /s/ and /z/ were the most prevalent visual alterations. There was a high
percentage of dental occlusal alterations.
Conclusions
There was no association between TMD and speech disorders. Occlusal alterations
may be factors of influence, allowing distortions and frontal lisp in phonemes /s/
and /z/ and inadequate tongue position in phonemes /t/; /d/; /n/; /l/.
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