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Mao D, Wang K, Jiang H, Mi J, Pan X, Zhao G, Rui Y. Suppression of Overactive Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Attenuates Trauma-Induced Heterotopic Ossification in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:430-446. [PMID: 38101566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the ectopic bone formation in soft tissues. Aside from hereditary HO, traumatic HO is common after orthopedic surgery, combat-related injuries, severe burns, or neurologic injuries. Recently, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was demonstrated to be involved in the chondrogenic and osteogenic processes of HO formation. However, its upstream signaling mechanism remains unknown. The current study used an Achilles tendon puncture-induced HO model to show that overactive insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was involved in the progression of HO in mice. Micro-computed tomography imaging showed that IGF-1 not only accelerated the rate of osteogenesis and increased ectopic bone volume but also induced spontaneous ectopic bone formation in undamaged Achilles tendons. Blocking IGF-1 activity with IGF-1 antibody or IGF-1 receptor inhibitor picropodophyllin significantly inhibited HO formation. Mechanistically, IGF-1/IGF-1 receptor activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling to promote the phosphorylation of mTOR, resulting in the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells into chondrocytes and osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo. Inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) and mTOR (rapamycin) both suppressed the IGF-1-stimulated mTOR signal and mitigated the formation of ectopic bones significantly. In conclusion, these results indicate that IGF-1 mediated the progression of traumatic HO through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and suppressing IGF-1 signaling cascades attenuated HO formation, providing a promising therapeutic strategy targeting HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China; Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingyi Mi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yongjun Rui
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China.
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Fang J, Zhang X, Chen X, Wang Z, Zheng S, Cheng Y, Liu S, Hao L. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 in bone remodeling: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124125. [PMID: 36948334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a polypeptide hormone with vital biological functions in bone cells. The abnormal expression of IGF-1 has a serious effect on bone growth, particularly bone remodeling. Evidence from animal models and human disease suggested that both IGF-1 deficiency and excess cause changes in bone remodeling equilibrium, resulting in profound alterations in bone mass and development. Here, we first introduced the functions and mechanisms of the members of IGFs in bone. Subsequently, the critical role of IGF-1 in the process of bone remodeling were emphasized from the aspects of bone resorption and bone formation respectively. This review explains the mechanism of IGF-1 in maintaining bone mass and bone homeostasis to a certain extent and provides a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xunming Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yunyun Cheng
- College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Songcai Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Guo H, Li H, Feng Y, Ke J, Fang W, Li C, Long X. Cross-talk between synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes in condylar hyperplasia: an in vitro pilot study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:558-564. [PMID: 33187941 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence indicates an interaction between the synovium and the cartilage in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and other joints. We recently demonstrated that the expression of proangiogenic factors was enhanced and that of factors promoting matrix degradation was decreased in synovial fibroblasts in condylar hyperplasia (CH). The aim of this study was to explore whether CH chondrocytes can affect the expression of these factors of synovial fibroblasts in a co-culture system. STUDY DESIGN The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) from CH condylar tissues were observed by using immunohistochemical methods. Synovial fibroblasts of control tissues were co-cultured with the chondrocytes of CH, and protein expressions of VEGF, FGF-2, thrombospondin 1 (TSP1), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), and TIMP1 were examined by using Western blotting. RESULTS Positive staining for VEGF, CD34, FGF-2, and TIMP1 was found in the hypertrophic cartilage layer of CH condylar tissues. Protein expressions of VEGF, FGF-2, and TIMP1 were significantly increased in co-cultured synovial fibroblasts, but TSP1 and MMP3 expressions were decreased. CONCLUSIONS The angiogenic factors and matrix degradation-related factors in synovial fibroblasts co-cultured with CH chondrocytes showed the same trends as those in synovial fibroblasts from CH tissue, suggesting potential cross-talk between synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes during CH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Feng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Long
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Histologic findings and related diagnostic methods in condylar hyperactivity. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 50:54-63. [PMID: 32690440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Condylar hyperactivity (CH) is a rare condition that entails a progressive deviation and deformation of the mandible. There is no consensus regarding characteristic histopathological features or a standardized diagnostic process; thus, histopathological analysis of the condyle cannot confirm or exclude an active CH after condylectomy is performed. An electronic search was performed in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and grey literature up to December 2019. Additionally, a manual search was performed. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Institute of Health Economics Quality Appraisal. All analyses were performed independently and in duplicate. Seventeen articles from 660 were included. Six articles were cross-sectional studies and 11 were case series. Almost all the articles (14) described an augmented thickness of the cartilage layer associated with cartilage islands within the subchondral bone in patients affected by CH. Histological findings seem to be mostly related to the age of the sample rather than a characteristic description of CH. No clear association was found between SPECT/scintigram uptake and a specific histological finding. Hence, there is a necessity for the development of specific tools for evaluating and reporting studies where histology is needed for diagnosis confirmation.
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MiR-15b is a key regulator of proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes from patients with condylar hyperplasia by targeting IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:336-346. [PMID: 30521861 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore potential microRNAs (miRNAs), which participate in the pathological process of condylar hyperplasia (CH) through targeting specific proliferation- and apoptosis- related genes of chondrocytes. METHODS Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) in CH cartilage were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. MiRanda and TargetScanS algorithms were used to predict certain miRNAs in CH chondrocytes concurrently modulating the above three genes. MiR-15b was screened and identified using real-time PCR. After transfection of miR-15b mimics or inhibitor into CH chondrocytes, expression of the above three genes was detected by real-time PCR and western blot, meanwhile, cell proliferation and apoptosis was examined by CCK8, cell cycle assays, flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. Dual luciferase activity was performed to identify the direct regulation of miR-15b on IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2. RESULTS Expression of IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2 increased in CH cartilage. Seven microRNAs concurrently correlated with IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2. Among them, only miR-15b significantly changed in CH chondrocytes. Overexpression of miR-15b in CH chondrocytes suppressed the expression of IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2, while it increased when miR-15b was knockdown. Furthermore, miR-15b suppressed their expression by directly binding to its 3'-UTR in these cells. Besides, miR-15b hampered chondrocytes proliferation through targeting IGF1 and IGF1R and accelerated chondrocytes apoptosis through targeting BCL2. CONCLUSION Suppressed miR-15b contributed to enhanced proliferation capacity and weakened apoptosis of chondrocytes through augmentation of IGF1, IGF1R and BCL2, thereby resulting in development of CH.
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Xiao D, Wang R, Hu J, Quan H. Spatial and temporal expression of Smad signaling members during the development of mandibular condylar cartilage. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4967-4971. [PMID: 29201201 PMCID: PMC5704254 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the underlying developmental mechanism of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) signaling in the development of mandibular condylar cartilage. To achieve this, the expression levels of Smad2, 3, 4 and 7, and phosphorylated Smad2/3 were investigated at different time points in developing mandibular condylar cartilage. Mandibular condyles from C57BL/6J mice were dissected at the prenatal and postnatal stages. Serial sections were made and the distributions of Smad proteins were examined using immunohistochemical techniques intermittently between day 14.5 of gestation and postnatal day 7. All Smad proteins examined in the present study were expressed in the condylar blastema and during early chondrogenesis. At the postnatal stage, Smad2 and 4 were localized in proliferative and mineralized hypertrophic chondrocytes. Smad3 and 7 were expressed in proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes, including pre-hypertrophic and mineralized hypertrophic chondrocytes. Later, positive immunoreactivity of Smad3 reduced at postnatal day 7. A similar expression pattern to Smad3 was observed for p-Smad2/3, but p-Smad2/3 was located in the nuclei of proliferative chondrocytes. These results suggest that Smad signaling members are involved in the development of mandibular condylar cartilage. In addition, the spatial and temporal expression of these Smads indicate that Smad signaling is involved in regulating the differentiation of chondrocytes and endochondral ossification, in order to maintain normal chondrogenesis and morphogenesis of mandibular condylar cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huixin Quan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
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Vásquez B, Olate S, Cantín M, Sandoval C, del Sol M, de Moraes M. Histomorphometric analysis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia in the temporomandibular joint: the value of the condylar layer and cartilage island. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46:861-866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Suchorska WM, Augustyniak E, Richter M, Trzeciak T. Gene expression profile in human induced pluripotent stem cells: Chondrogenic differentiation in vitro, part A. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2387-2401. [PMID: 28447755 PMCID: PMC5428238 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer promise in regenerative medicine, however more data are required to improve understanding of key aspects of the cell differentiation process, including how specific chondrogenic processes affect the gene expression profile of chondrocyte-like cells and the relative value of cell differentiation markers. The main aims of the present study were as follows: To determine the gene expression profile of chondrogenic-like cells derived from hiPSCs cultured in mediums conditioned with HC-402-05a cells or supplemented with transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3), and to assess the relative utility of the most commonly used chondrogenic markers as indicators of cell differentiation. These issues are relevant with regard to the use of human fibroblasts in the reprogramming process to obtain hiPSCs. Human fibroblasts are derived from the mesoderm and thus share a wide range of properties with chondrocytes, which also originate from the mesenchyme. Thus, the exclusion of dedifferentiation instead of chondrogenic differentiation is crucial. The hiPSCs were obtained from human primary dermal fibroblasts during a reprogramming process. Two methods, both involving embryoid bodies (EB), were used to obtain chondrocytes from the hiPSCs: EBs formed in a chondrogenic medium supplemented with TGF-β3 (10 ng/ml) and EBs formed in a medium conditioned with growth factors from HC-402-05a cells. Based on immunofluorescence and reverse transcription-quantiative polymerase chain reaction analysis, the results indicated that hiPSCs have the capacity for effective chondrogenic differentiation, in particular cells differentiated in the HC-402-05a-conditioned medium, which present morphological features and markers that are characteristic of mature human chondrocytes. By contrast, cells differentiated in the presence of TGF-β3 may demonstrate hypertrophic characteristics. Several genes [paired box 9, sex determining region Y-box (SOX) 5, SOX6, SOX9 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein] were demonstrated to be good markers of early hiPSC chondrogenic differentiation: Insulin-like growth factor 1, Tenascin-C, and β-catenin were less valuable. These observations provide valuable data on the use of hiPSCs in cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewelina Augustyniak
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61‑866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Richter
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61‑545 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Trzeciak
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61‑545 Poznan, Poland
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Gupta S, Deoskar A, Gupta P, Jain S. Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in females and males in different cervical vertebral maturation stages. Dental Press J Orthod 2016; 20:68-75. [PMID: 25992990 PMCID: PMC4445228 DOI: 10.1590/2176-9451.20.2.068-075.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross sectional study was to assess serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in female and male subjects at various cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 60 subjects, 30 females and 30 males, in the age range of 8-23 years. For all subjects, serum IGF-1 level was estimated from blood samples by means of chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). CVM was assessed on lateral cephalograms using the method described by Baccetti. Serum IGF-1 level and cervical staging data of 30 female subjects were included and taken from records of a previous study. Data were analyzed by Kruska-Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Bonferroni correction was carried out and alpha value was set at 0.003. RESULTS Peak value of serum IGF-1 was observed in cervical stages CS3 in females and CS4 in males. Differences between males and females were observed in mean values of IGF-1 at stages CS3, 4 and 5. The highest mean IGF-1 levels in males was observed in CS4 followed by CS5 and third highest in CS3; whereas in females the highest mean IGF-1 levelswas observed in CS3 followed by CS4 and third highest in CS5. Trends of IGF-1 in relation to the cervical stages also differed between males and females. The greatest mean serum IGF-1 value for both sexes was comparable, for females (397 ng/ml) values were slightly higher than in males (394.8 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS Males and females showed differences in IGF-1 trends and levels at different cervical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Gupta
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Index Institute of Dental Science, Rau, Indore, India
| | - Anuradha Deoskar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, (M.P.), India
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, India
| | - Sandhya Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, India
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Vásquez B, Olate S, Cantín M, Sandoval C, Fariña R, del Sol M. Histopathological analysis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia: difficulties in diagnosis and characterization of the disease. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:601-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Guo H, Fang W, Chen G, Xu J, Li C, Feng Y, Li Y, Long X. Upregulation of proangiogenic factors expression in the synovium of temporomandibular joint condylar hyperplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 121:e65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Fariña R, Olate S, Raposo A, Araya I, Alister J, Uribe F. High condylectomy versus proportional condylectomy: is secondary orthognathic surgery necessary? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:72-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Machon V, Levorova J, Hirjak D, Foltan R. Condylar hyperplasia following unilateral temporomandibular joint replacement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44:771-3. [PMID: 25662429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Total joint replacement of the temporomandibular joint (TJR) can be associated with intraoperative and postoperative complications. We report herein the occurrence of a postoperative open bite malocclusion, the result of condylar hyperplasia affecting the non-operated joint at 1 year after unilateral total joint replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Machon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Levorova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D Hirjak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty Hospital Bratislava, Ruzinov, Slovakia
| | - R Foltan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
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Kim JY, Lee JI, Song M, Lee D, Song J, Kim SY, Park J, Choi HY, Kim H. Effects of Eucommia ulmoides extract on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats. Phytother Res 2014; 29:148-53. [PMID: 25087723 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides is one of the popular tonic herbs for the treatment of low back pain and bone fracture and is used in Korean medicine to reinforce muscles and bones. This study was performed to investigate the effects of E. ulmoides extract on longitudinal bone growth rate, growth plate height, and the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in adolescent female rats. In two groups, we administered a twice-daily dosage of E. ulmoides extract (at 30 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) per os over 4 days, and in a control group, we administered vehicle only under the same conditions. Longitudinal bone growth rate in newly synthesized bone was observed using tetracycline labeling. Chondrocyte proliferation in the growth plate was observed using cresyl violet dye. In addition, we analyzed the expressions of BMP-2 and IGF-1 using immunohistochemistry. Eucommia ulmoides extract significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate and growth plate height in adolescent female rats. In the immunohistochemical study, E. ulmoides markedly increased BMP-2 and IGF-1 expressions in the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. In conclusion, E. ulmoides increased longitudinal bone growth rate by promoting chondrogenesis in the growth plate and the levels of BMP-2 and IGF-1. Eucommia ulmoides could be helpful for increasing bone growth in children who have growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
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Sanders DA, Chandhoke TK, Uribe FA, Rigali PH, Nanda R. Quantification of skeletal asymmetries in normal adolescents: cone-beam computed tomography analysis. Prog Orthod 2014; 15:26. [PMID: 24935152 PMCID: PMC4047766 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-014-0026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection and quantification of skeletal asymmetries is a fundamental component to diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify the characteristics of facial and dental asymmetries in a normal, adolescent population using 3D imaging. METHODS Thirty consecutive Class I patients (mean age 14.32 years, SD 1.67) meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed by three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Dental, maxillary, mandibular, and cranial base variables were measured with Dolphin 3D. CBCT analysis consisted of the localization of 34 anatomical landmarks. All reference points were digitized in 3D and analyzed using 67 skeletal and dental measurements. Student's t tests for paired samples were used with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS Minor right-left discrepancies were noted in all planes. The most anterior point of the glenoid fossa and most condylar points were positioned more superior and lateral on the right side, compared to the left side. Porion was also located more superiorly on the right side relative to the left side. The posterior nasal spine was found to be located to the right of the midsagittal plane. Slight dental midline discrepancies were found, and the dental arch lengths were slightly longer on the left side compared to the right. The height of the ramus, in both 3D and 2D, and the inclination of the ramus were greater on the right than that on the left side. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest minor asymmetries exist and are likely a common occurrence in the normal human craniofacial complex. Additionally, a natural compensatory mechanism may exist which controls the size and shape of specific tissues in order to maintain functional symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taranpreet K Chandhoke
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut, School of Dental Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington CT 06030, USA.
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Chen Y, Ke J, Long X, Meng Q, Deng M, Fang W, Li J, Cai H, Chen S. Insulin-like growth factor-1 boosts the developing process of condylar hyperplasia by stimulating chondrocytes proliferation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:279-87. [PMID: 22281262 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The etiology of Condylar hyperplasia (CH) of human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remains largely unknown. Our previous study has demonstrated that enriched insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) was expressed in the proliferation and hypertrophic layers of CH cartilage. Accordingly, this study was aimed to investigate whether IGF-1 regulates CH chondrocytes proliferation in condylar cartilage overgrowth and explore the molecular mechanism of IGF-1 involved in. METHODS Chondrocytes were isolated from 6 CH and 3 normal cartilage (NC) specimens and cultured in alginate beads or monolayer, treated with IGF-1 or specific inhibitors such as 7-[trans-3-[(azetidin-1-yl)methyl]cyclobutyl]-5-(3-benzyloxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (NVP-AEW541), U0126, and LY294002. Thereafter, cellular proliferation capacity was evaluated by Cell Viability Analyzer (alginate beads culture) or 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo(-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (monolayer culture). Gene expression levels of IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), collagen type II, type X and those genes associated with proliferation were evaluated by realtime PCR. Protein levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1R synthesized by CH chondrocytes were accessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting. RESULTS CH chondrocytes enhanced cellular proliferation capacity and expressed significantly higher levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, as compared with NC chondrocytes. Furthermore, enriched IGF-1 enhanced CH chondrocytes proliferation, up-regulated the expressions of specific genes associated with cellular proliferation and elevated the gene expression of collagen type II A1 (COL2A1). Besides, IGF-1-mediated CH chondrocytes proliferation mainly depended on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-ERK pathway. CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 promotes human TMJ cartilage overgrowth in the developing process of CH by enhancing chondrocytes proliferation via MAPK-ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China
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Raijmakers PG, Karssemakers LH, Tuinzing DB. Female Predominance and Effect of Gender on Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia: A Review and Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:e72-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2012; 21:106-18. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e32834ee42b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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