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Boztepe H, Çınar S, Kanbay Y, Acımış B, Özgür F, Terzioglu F. Validity and reliability of the Family Empowerment Scale for parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:277-285. [PMID: 34786745 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empowerment is recognized as a crucial concept in strengthening the position of parents in healthcare services. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish Family Empowerment Scale (FES). METHODS This methodological study was conducted between January and March 2021, with 348 family members actively caring for their children in the age group of 0-18 years with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). The English FES was translated into Turkish using back translation and modified so that it is generic and convenient for all families. The construct validity, internal validity, internal consistency, and split-half test reliability and responsiveness of the Turkish FES were examined. RESULTS The original FES structure with three factors (family, health services provided to the child and community participation) and 34 items was verified in Turkish culture. This obtained structure can explain 66% of the variance of the relevant concept. Scores of parents ranged between 34 and 170 points. Increasing scores indicated a positive significance regarding family empowerment. The Cronbach's α reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.976. CONCLUSION The study findings and the goodness-of-fit values indicated that the FES and its Turkish version are a valid and reliable measurement instrument to be used in Turkish culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Boztepe
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevil Çınar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Kanbay
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Burcu Acımış
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Figen Özgür
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Füsun Terzioglu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Stuart E, O'Leary D, Rowntree R, Carey C, O'Rourke L, O'Brien E, Walsh A, Russell V. 'Challenges in experiential learning during transition to clinical practice: A comparative analysis of reflective writing assignments during general practice, paediatrics and psychiatry clerkships'. MEDICAL TEACHER 2020; 42:1275-1282. [PMID: 32776857 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1803250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explored the reflective writing (RW) of senior medical students across a co-ordinated reflection education programme in General Practice, Paediatrics and Psychiatry clerkships during their transition to clinical clerkships. The study compared RW themes from within and across three clerkships in order to understand the influence clerkships had on experiential learning and developing professional identity. METHODS All medical students in their penultimate year were invited to participate in the study. 135 reflection assignments were analysed. A qualitative thematic analysis of students' RW was performed. An inductive approach was used and data saturation was achieved. RESULTS Clerkship specific themes were the intimacy of the experience in General Practice, the powerlessness students felt and the challenge of delivering family centred care in Paediatrics and the sense of perceived risk in Psychiatry. Common themes across the three clerkships were of emotional struggles in developing a professional identity. CONCLUSION There is an educational need for developmental space for students during General Practice, greater focus on preparing students for relationship building during Paediatrics and addressing stigma and personal safety issues in students during the Psychiatry clerkships. Across clerkships there is a need for better use of evidence based pedagogies to support emotional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Stuart
- Department of General Practice, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - Emer O'Brien
- Department of General Practice, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Walsh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
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Pilon F, Veen H, Kef S, van Genderen MM. The impact of an eye drop booklet on distress in children when receiving eye drops. Strabismus 2020; 28:67-72. [PMID: 32351156 DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2020.1752264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Child- and family-centered care is an increasingly important area in healthcare. Up to now, little attention has been paid to the experience of children and their parents in ophthalmological healthcare. During their conversations at Bartiméus, children indicated that the administration of eye drops constituted the most stressful element that needed to be improved. This study describes the amount of distress experienced by children when receiving eye drops. Furthermore, it investigates the value and impact of the developed eye drop booklet, for children and parents. METHODS In this multicenter study on distress related to the administration of eye drops, 370 children participated with ocular disorders or Cerebral Visual Impairment CVI (4-12 years), from four ophthalmology outpatient clinics. Half of the children, randomly chosen, were presented with a booklet before receiving eye drops. A faces scale together with a numeric scale (0-10) was used to determine the level of distress before and after the eye drops were administered. Parents were asked how satisfied they were about using the booklet. RESULTS The average distress score of the children who did receive a booklet was 3.40 at T1 and 2.70 at T2, and, of the children who did not receive a booklet, this was 3.69 at T1 and 2.97 at T2. The largest levels of distress were found in children between the ages of 7 and 9. The majority of parents indicated to appreciate the booklet, scoring it at 7.6 on a scale of 1 to 10. Furthermore, 91% of them considered the booklet a good idea or good preparation, 69% found it to have a positive effect on their child, and 83% would use it again. CONCLUSIONS At T1 and T2, the differences in the children's distress scores were not statistically significant between the booklet group and the group who did not use the booklet. Children, generally, anticipated greater discomfort than what they actually experienced during the administration of eye drops. For most children, the booklet had a positive effect on their distress levels, but not for all. A large majority of parents noticed the added value of the booklet for their child. They were very positive and wanted to continue using the booklet in the future, as it appeared to give their child a sense of control during the administration of eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florine Pilon
- Bartiméus Diagnostic Center for Complex Visual Disorders , Zeist
| | - Heleen Veen
- Bartiméus Diagnostic Center for Complex Visual Disorders , Zeist
| | - Sabina Kef
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Part of the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam
| | - Maria M van Genderen
- Bartiméus Diagnostic Center for Complex Visual Disorders , Zeist.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht
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Bell MF, Bayliss DM, Glauert R, Ohan JL. Developmental vulnerabilities in children of chronically ill parents: a population-based linked data study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:393-400. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-210992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, there is mixed evidence regarding the effects on children when a parent is chronically ill. Research has also primarily been conducted with adolescent samples. This study investigated developmental vulnerabilities in young children of parents with chronic illness.MethodsThis study used linked administrative data. The study population included children born in Western Australia during 2003–2004 (n=19 071; mean age 5.5 years). The outcome measure was a score in the bottom 25% on any of the five developmental domains (physical, social, emotional, communicative and cognitive) of the Australian Early Development Census (2009 collection). Parental chronic illnesses were identified from hospital and cancer registry records, during the period from 1 year prior to the child’s birth and until the end of 2009.ResultsHigher odds of developmental vulnerabilities in physical, social, emotional and communication domains were observed for daughters of chronically ill mothers. Sons of chronically ill mothers had increased odds of language and cognitive difficulties. Risk level increased with each additional year of exposure to maternal chronic illness. Results also indicated increased odds of developmental vulnerabilities for children of mothers experiencing multiple compared with single chronic conditions; however, results were not statistically significant (all p>0.05). No association between fathers’ chronic illness and children’s developmental outcomes was found.ConclusionsMaternal chronic illness is associated with an increased risk of poor developmental outcomes for children, particularly daughters. Healthcare services have an important role to play in linking families into appropriate family-centred services to best support the needs of chronically ill mothers.
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Segers EW, van den Hoogen A, van Eerden IC, Hafsteinsdóttir T, Ketelaar M. Perspectives of parents and nurses on the content validity of the Family Empowerment Scale for parents of children with a chronic condition: A mixed-methods study. Child Care Health Dev 2019; 45:111-120. [PMID: 30426545 PMCID: PMC7380029 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insight into parental empowerment is important to understanding the impact of health care policy and to supporting and strengthening parents in the care of their child. The Family Empowerment Scale (FES) is a valid 24-item instrument that measures parental empowerment. It was originally developed for parents of children with emotional disabilities. It has been translated from English into Dutch. Before using the translated FES in another context, the aim of this study was to assess the content validity of the Dutch FES in the context of children with a chronic condition in a children's hospital, according to parents and nurses. METHOD This content validity study has a convergent, mixed-methods design. The content validity index was used to examine the relevance, according to 22 parents and 12 nurses quantitatively, on a scale and item level. The qualitative part assessed the comprehensiveness and comprehension of the FES through cognitive interviewing with eight parents and four nurses. The results of both analyses were converged to determine content validity. RESULTS The scale-content validity index was 0.88; three items scored < 0.78 on the item level. For 10 (of 24) items, issues were noticed about the tone and clarity of wording. Participants considered the FES to be not only an instrument of research but also an instrument that could be used to give insight into the personal degree of parental empowerment. CONCLUSION The content validity of the Dutch FES for parents of children with a chronic condition can be considered sufficient. Resolving some minor translation issues in some of the items is advised. The FES can be used in further research to examine the value of the FES in health care services, aiming to support the needs of parents and to increase their empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth W Segers
- Department of Children, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes van den Hoogen
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thora Hafsteinsdóttir
- Department of Nursing Science, Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Foster M, Whitehead L. Parent and staff perceptions of parental needs during a child's hospital admission to a paediatric high-dependency unit: A New Zealand study. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:1167-1175. [PMID: 28799260 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to identify parents' and staff's perceptions of parents' needs during a paediatric high-dependency unit admission and the relationships between needs, socio-demographic and clinical variables and explores if these perceptions have changed. METHODS This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design, and 104 parents whose children received care and 88 staff who worked within a paediatric high-dependency unit at a tertiary hospital in New Zealand completed the Needs of Parents' Questionnaire in 2011. RESULTS Parents' and staff's perceptions of the importance of needs were congruent, but differences arose between parents and staff on whether these needs were met. Parents were more likely to rate needs as having been met than staff members. Admission type, age and gender influenced parents' and staff's perceptions of parents' needs. CONCLUSION Synergy between parent and staff satisfaction scores will be enhanced when care delivery is more closely aligned to parents' priorities for care and staff receive feedback on positive health-care experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandie Foster
- Christchurch Public Hospital, Child and Family Health, Paediatrics, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Whitehead
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Gargano LM, Locke S, Brackbill RM. Parent Physical and Mental Health Comorbidity and Adolescent Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MENTAL HEALTH 2017; 19:358. [PMID: 29249908 PMCID: PMC5730089 DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to ascertain behavioral outcomes 10-11 years after 9/11 in adolescents ages 11-18 years (0-8 years old at the time of 9/11) enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry (Registry), and relate these outcomes to their 9/11-exposures and to parent health. Behavioral difficulties among adolescents were assessed using the adolescent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parental post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was assessed using a 9/11-specific PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version, a cut-off score of 44 or greater was considered probable PTSD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations of 9/11-exposure and parental health with abnormal/borderline SDQ scores, adjusting for demographic variables that were significantly associated with the SDQ score in bivariate analyses. Of the 449 adolescents, 12.5% (n=56) had abnormal/borderline SDQ scores. In the multivariable model, adolescents with severe/ moderate 9/11-exposures were 2.4 times more likely to have abnormal/borderline SDQ scores compared to adolescents with mild 9/11-exposures (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1-6.4). Adolescents who had a parent with 9/11-related PTSD and at least one comorbid chronic condition were 4.2 times more likely to have abnormal/borderline SDQ scores compared to adolescents with a parent who had no reported chronic health conditions. Adolescents whose parent reported 14 or more poor mental health days in the preceding 30 days were 3.4 times more likely to have abnormal/borderline SDQ scores (95% CI: 1.2-9.5) The finding that parents' health appears to influence adolescent behavior problems 10-11 years following a disaster may have implications for healthcare practitioners and disaster response planners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Gargano
- World Trade Center Health Registry, Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013
| | - Sean Locke
- World Trade Center Health Registry, Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013
| | - Robert M. Brackbill
- World Trade Center Health Registry, Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013
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Kruijsen-Terpstra AJA, Verschuren O, Ketelaar M, Riedijk L, Gorter JW, Jongmans MJ, Boeije H. Parents' experiences and needs regarding physical and occupational therapy for their young children with cerebral palsy. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 53-54:314-322. [PMID: 26970858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences and needs of parents of young children (aged 2-4 years) with cerebral palsy (CP) regarding their child's physical and occupational therapy process in a rehabilitation setting. METHODS A qualitative design was used involving semi-structured interviews with 21 parents of young children with CP. Interviews were conducted until informational redundancy was achieved. RESULTS Three major themes were identified: Information, communication and partnership. A fourth, overarching theme emerged: The process of parent empowerment. Experiences and needs differed between parents and changed over time. CONCLUSION This study suggests that various themes play a key role in the experiences and needs of parents of young children with CP. The identified themes provide important insights into how and why service providers might change their approach. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Becoming empowered is a dynamic process for parents, in which both parents and service providers play a role. Service providers should continually adapt their role to parents' needs of information, communication and partnership, and they should support and facilitate parents in becoming empowered. For that, service providers should be educated on the process of parent empowerment, on ways to facilitate this process and on the importance of involving and interacting with parents. This allows families of young children with CP to be provided with services that best suit their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J A Kruijsen-Terpstra
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Rembrandtkade 10, 3583 TM Utrecht, The Netherlands; Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Rembrandtkade 10, 3583 TM Utrecht, The Netherlands; Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Rembrandtkade 10, 3583 TM Utrecht, The Netherlands; Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Larisa Riedijk
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Methodology and Statistics, Utrecht University, PO Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S1C7.
| | - Marian J Jongmans
- Partner of NetChild, Network for Childhood Disability Research in the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Child, Family and Education Studies, Utrecht University, PO Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Hennie Boeije
- NIVEL-Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, PO Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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McLean J, Gill FJ, Shields L. Family presence during resuscitation in a paediatric hospital: health professionals' confidence and perceptions. J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:1045-52. [PMID: 26923310 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate medical and nursing staff's perceptions of and self-confidence in facilitating family presence during resuscitation in a paediatric hospital setting. BACKGROUND Family presence during resuscitation is the attendance of family members in a location that affords visual or physical contact with the patient during resuscitation. Providing the opportunity for families to be present during resuscitation embraces the family-centred care philosophy which underpins paediatric care. Having families present continues to spark much debate amongst health care professionals. DESIGN A descriptive cross-sectional randomised survey using the 'Family Presence Risk/Benefit Scale' and the 'Family Presence Self-Confidence Scale 'to assess health care professionals' (doctors and nurses) perceptions and self-confidence in facilitating family presence during resuscitation of a child in a paediatric hospital. METHODS Surveys were distributed to 300 randomly selected medical and nursing staff. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare medical and nursing, and critical and noncritical care perceptions and self-confidence. RESULTS Critical care staff had statistically significant higher risk/benefit scores and higher self-confidence scores than those working in noncritical care areas. Having experience in paediatric resuscitation, having invited families to be present previously and a greater number of years working in paediatrics significantly affected participants' perceptions and self-confidence. There was no difference between medical and nursing mean scores for either scale. CONCLUSION Both medical and nursing staff working in the paediatric setting understood the needs of families and the philosophy of family-centred care is a model of care practised across disciplines. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This has implications both for implementing guidelines to support family presence during resuscitation and for education strategies to shift the attitudes of staff who have limited or no experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie McLean
- Children's Cardiac Centre, Child & Adolescent Health Service, Perth, WA, Australia.,Children's Cardiac Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Australia
| | - Fenella J Gill
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.,Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Child & Adolescent Health Services, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Linda Shields
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Deutsch T, Frese T, Sandholzer H. Factors associated with family-centered involvement in family practice--a cross-sectional multivariate analysis. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2013; 29:689-697. [PMID: 24160677 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2013.773409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The importance of a family-centered approach in family practice has been emphasized. Knowledge about factors associated with higher family-centered involvement seems beneficial to stimulate its realization. German office-based family physicians completed a questionnaire addressing several aspects of family-centered care. Logistic regression was used to identify associations with the involvement overall and in different domains: routine inquiry and documentation of family-related information, family orientation regarding diagnosis and treatment, family-oriented dialogues, family conferences, and case-related collaboration with marriage and family therapists. We found significant associations between physicians' family-centered involvement and expected patient receptiveness, perceived impact of the family's influence on health, self-perceived psychosocial family-care competences (overall and concerning concepts for family orientation, psychosocial intervention in family conferences, and the communication of the idea of family counseling), advanced training in psychosocial primary care (PPC), personal acquaintance with family therapists (regarding case-related collaboration), and rural office environment. Increased emphasis on the family's influence on health in medical education and training, the provision of concepts for a family-centered perspective, and versatile skills for psychosocial intervention and inquiry of patient preferences, as well as the strengthening of networking between family physicians and family therapists, might promote the family-centered approach in family practice.
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Sieh DS, Visser-Meily JMA, Meijer AM. Differential Outcomes of Adolescents with Chronically Ill and Healthy Parents. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2013; 22:209-218. [PMID: 23335841 PMCID: PMC3548090 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-012-9570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 10% of children grow up with a parent who has been diagnosed with a chronic medical condition (CMC) and seem to be at risk for adjustment difficulties. We examined differences in behavioral, psychosocial and academic outcomes between 161 adolescents from 101 families with a chronically ill parent and 112 adolescents from 68 families with healthy parents, accounting for statistical dependence within siblings. Children between 10 and 20 years and their parents were visited at home and filled in questionnaires. Multilevel analyses showed that 20-60% of the variance in most adolescent outcomes was due to the family cluster effect, especially in internalizing problem behavior, caregiving variables and quality of parent attachment. Conversely, the variance in stress and coping variables and grade point average (GPA) was mainly due to individual characteristics. Adolescents with parents affected by CMC displayed more internalizing problems than the comparison group and scored higher on frequency of household chores, caregiving responsibilities, activity restrictions, isolation, daily hassles and stress. In addition, their grade point average was comparatively worse. No group differences in externalizing problems, coping skills and quality of parent attachment were found. In conclusion, the family cluster effect largely explains adolescent outcomes and should be accounted for. Adolescents with parents affected by CMC are subject to an increased risk for internalizing problems, adverse caregiving characteristics, daily hassles, stress and a low GPA. According to a family-centered approach, school counselors and health care practitioners should be alert to adjustment difficulties of children with a chronically ill parent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Sebastian Sieh
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Marie Meijer
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Achten D, Visser-Meily JMA, Post MWM, Schepers VPM. Life satisfaction of couples 3 years after stroke. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34:1468-72. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2011.645994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Sieh DS, Meijer AM, Oort FJ, Visser-Meily JMA, Van der Leij DAV. Problem behavior in children of chronically ill parents: a meta-analysis. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2011; 13:384-97. [PMID: 20640510 PMCID: PMC2975921 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-010-0074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis is to examine whether children of chronically ill parents differ from norm groups in problem behavior. We report moderator effects and overall effect sizes for internalizing, externalizing and total problem behavior assessed by children and parents. In fixed effect models, we found a significant overall effect size for internalizing problem behavior (number of studies k = 19, total sample size N = 1,858, Cohen’s d = .23, p < .01) and externalizing problem behavior (k = 13, N = 1,525, d = .09, p < .01) but not for total problem behavior (k = 7; N = 896). Effects for internalizing and externalizing problem behavior were larger in non-cancer studies, in samples including younger children and younger ill parents, in samples defined by low average SES and in studies including parents with longer illness duration. In addition, effects for externalizing problem behavior were larger in studies characterized by a higher percentage of ill mothers and single parents. With exclusive self-report, effect sizes were significant for all problem behaviors. Based on these results, a family-centered approach in health care is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Sieh
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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