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Oskyrko O, Sos T, Vacheva E, Vlad SE, Cogălniceanu D, Uller T, Feiner N, Carretero MA. Unravelling the origin of the common wall lizards ( Podarcismuralis) in south-eastern Europe using mitochondrial evidence. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e90337. [PMID: 36761656 PMCID: PMC9836615 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e90337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of the common wall lizards (Podarcismuralis) populations in south-eastern Europe (namely in Bulgaria and Romania), representing the north-eastern range border of this species, was addressed using mitochondrial DNA. We compared cytochrome b sequences from Bulgaria and Romania with those from the contiguous range in Central Europe that are available from previous studies. We recorded five main haplogroups in Bulgaria and Romania, belonging to the Central Balkan clade. However, haplogroup III was recorded in more localities than previously found. Additionally, signs of haplotype admixture were identified in several populations along the Danube River. The presence of the Southern Alps haplotype in one population from Otopeni, Bucharest (Romania) and its close phylogenetic relationships to north Italy populations suggests human-mediated introductions of this wall lizard clade in Romania. Our results confirm that P.muralis can have non-native lineages and admixture through active human-mediated transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Oskyrko
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, PortugalCIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661VairãoPortugal,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinićná 7, 12844, Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinićná 7, 12844PragueCzech Republic
| | - Tibor Sos
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street 5–7, 400006, Cluj Napoca, RomaniaEvolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street 5–7, 400006Cluj NapocaRomania,“Milvus Group” Bird and Nature Protection Association, 540445, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania“Milvus Group” Bird and Nature Protection Association, 540445Tîrgu MureșRomania
| | - Emiliya Vacheva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd, 1000, Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd, 1000SofiaBulgaria
| | - Sabina E. Vlad
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Aleea Universități 1, Campus - Corp B, 900470, Constanƫa, RomaniaFaculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Aleea Universități 1, Campus - Corp B, 900470ConstanƫaRomania,CEDMOG Center, Ovidius University Constanța, Tomis Avenue 145, Constanƫa, RomaniaCEDMOG Center, Ovidius University Constanța, Tomis Avenue 145ConstanƫaRomania,Asociația Chelonia România, 062082, Bucharest, RomaniaAsociația Chelonia România, 062082BucharestRomania
| | - Dan Cogălniceanu
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Aleea Universități 1, Campus - Corp B, 900470, Constanƫa, RomaniaFaculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University Constanţa, Aleea Universități 1, Campus - Corp B, 900470ConstanƫaRomania,Asociația Chelonia România, 062082, Bucharest, RomaniaAsociația Chelonia România, 062082BucharestRomania
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, SwedenDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62LundSweden
| | - Nathalie Feiner
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, SwedenDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62LundSweden
| | - Miguel A. Carretero
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, PortugalCIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661VairãoPortugal,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169 - 007, Porto, PortugalDepartamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169 - 007PortoPortugal,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, PortugalBIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661VairãoPortugal
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2
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Yang W, Feiner N, Salvi D, Laakkonen H, Jablonski D, Pinho C, Carretero MA, Sacchi R, Zuffi MAL, Scali S, Plavos K, Pafilis P, Poulakakis N, Lymberakis P, Jandzik D, Schulte U, Aubret F, Badiane A, Perez I de Lanuza G, Abalos J, While GM, Uller T. Population genomics of wall lizards reflects the dynamic history of the Mediterranean Basin. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 39:6413643. [PMID: 34718699 PMCID: PMC8760935 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin has experienced extensive change in geology and climate over the past six million years. Yet, the relative importance of key geological events for the distribution and genetic structure of the Mediterranean fauna remains poorly understood. Here, we use population genomic and phylogenomic analyses to establish the evolutionary history and genetic structure of common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). This species is particularly informative because, in contrast to other Mediterranean lizards, it is widespread across the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsulas, and in extra-Mediterranean regions. We found strong support for six major lineages within P. muralis, which were largely discordant with the phylogenetic relationship of mitochondrial DNA. The most recent common ancestor of extant P. muralis was likely distributed in the Italian Peninsula, and experienced an “Out-of-Italy” expansion following the Messinian salinity crisis (∼5 Mya), resulting in the differentiation into the extant lineages on the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsulas. Introgression analysis revealed that both inter- and intraspecific gene flows have been pervasive throughout the evolutionary history of P. muralis. For example, the Southern Italy lineage has a hybrid origin, formed through admixture between the Central Italy lineage and an ancient lineage that was the sister to all other P. muralis. More recent genetic differentiation is associated with the onset of the Quaternary glaciations, which influenced population dynamics and genetic diversity of contemporary lineages. These results demonstrate the pervasive role of Mediterranean geology and climate for the evolutionary history and population genetic structure of extant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Feiner
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, Italy Coppito L'Aquila
| | - Hanna Laakkonen
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Slovakia in Bratislava, Bratislava
| | - Catarina Pinho
- CIBIO/InBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Carretero
- CIBIO/InBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto, 4169 - 007, Portugal
| | - Roberto Sacchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Marco A L Zuffi
- Museum Natural History, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56011, Italy
| | - Stefano Scali
- Museum of Natural History of Milan, Milano, 20121, Italy
| | | | - Panayiotis Pafilis
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Faculty of Biology, Panepistimiopolis 15701, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knossos Avenue, Heraklion, 71409, Greece.,Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, 70013, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Heraklion, 70013, GreeceFoundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knossos Avenue, Heraklion, 71409, Greece
| | - David Jandzik
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Slovakia in Bratislava, Bratislava
| | - Ulrich Schulte
- Büro für Faunistische Gutachten-Dr. Ulrich Schulte, Kaiserstraße 2, Borgholzhausen, 33829, Germany
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France.,School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Arnaud Badiane
- IMBE, Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Guillem Perez I de Lanuza
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia, APT. 22085, 46071, Spain
| | - Javier Abalos
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia, APT. 22085, 46071, Spain
| | - Geoffrey M While
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
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Ottenburghs J. The genic view of hybridization in the Anthropocene. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2342-2360. [PMID: 34745330 PMCID: PMC8549621 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human impact is noticeable around the globe, indicating that a new era might have begun: the Anthropocene. Continuing human activities, including land-use changes, introduction of non-native species and rapid climate change, are altering the distributions of countless species, often giving rise to human-mediated hybridization events. While the interbreeding of different populations or species can have detrimental effects, such as genetic extinction, it can be beneficial in terms of adaptive introgression or an increase in genetic diversity. In this paper, I first review the different mechanisms and outcomes of anthropogenic hybridization based on literature from the last five years (2016-2020). The most common mechanisms leading to the interbreeding of previously isolated taxa include habitat change (51% of the studies) and introduction of non-native species (34% intentional and 19% unintentional). These human-induced hybridization events most often result in introgression (80%). The high incidence of genetic exchange between the hybridizing taxa indicates that the application of a genic view of speciation (and introgression) can provide crucial insights on how to address hybridization events in the Anthropocene. This perspective considers the genome as a dynamic collection of genetic loci with distinct evolutionary histories, giving rise to a heterogenous genomic landscape in terms of genetic differentiation and introgression. First, understanding this genomic landscape can lead to a better selection of diagnostic genetic markers to characterize hybrid populations. Second, describing how introgression patterns vary across the genome can help to predict the likelihood of negative processes, such as demographic and genetic swamping, as well as positive outcomes, such as adaptive introgression. It is especially important to not only quantify how much genetic material introgressed, but also what has been exchanged. Third, comparing introgression patterns in pre-Anthropocene hybridization events with current human-induced cases might provide novel insights into the likelihood of genetic swamping or species collapse during an anthropogenic hybridization event. However, this comparative approach remains to be tested before it can be applied in practice. Finally, the genic view of introgression can be combined with conservation genomic studies to determine the legal status of hybrids and take appropriate measures to manage anthropogenic hybridization events. The interplay between evolutionary and conservation genomics will result in the constant exchange of ideas between these fields which will not only improve our knowledge on the origin of species, but also how to conserve and protect them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jente Ottenburghs
- Wildlife Ecology and ConservationWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
- Forest Ecology and Forest ManagementWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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Genome-Wide SNPs Detect Hybridisation of Marsupial Gliders ( Petaurus breviceps breviceps × Petaurus norfolcensis) in the Wild. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091327. [PMID: 34573311 PMCID: PMC8467023 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Petaurus breviceps and Petaurus norfolcensis have produced hybrids in captivity, however there are no reported cases of Petaurus hybridisation in the wild. This study uses morphological data, mitochondrial DNA, and nuclear genome-wide SNP markers to confirm P. breviceps breviceps × P. norfolcensis hybridisation within their natural range on the central coast of New South Wales, Australia. Morphological data identified a potential hybrid that was confirmed with next-generation sequencing technology and 10,111 genome-wide SNPs. Both STRUCTURE and NewHybrid analyses identified the hybrid as a P. norfolcensis backcross, which suggests an initial F1 hybrid was fertile. The mitochondrial DNA matched that of a P. b. breviceps, indicating that a P. b. breviceps female initially mated with a P. norfolcensis male to produce a fertile female offspring. Our study is an important example of how genome-wide SNPs can be used to identify hybrids where the distribution of congeners overlaps. Hybridisation between congeners is likely to become more frequent as climate changes and habitats fragment, resulting in increased interactions and competition for resources and mates.
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Mating behavior of house mice of Trans-Caucasian hybrid zone: a comparative study with parent species Mus musculus. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.19.2.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Oskyrko O, Laakkonen H, Silva-Rocha I, Jablonski D, Marushchak O, Uller T, Carretero MA. The possible origin of the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768) in Ukraine. HERPETOZOA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e49683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships and possible origin of a putative non-native population of Podarcis muralis in Ukraine were assessed based on sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Ukrainian lizards belong to two distinct mitochondrial lineages (haplogroups), both occurring within the Central Balkan clade, which includes most of central and south-eastern European populations. From overall three detected Ukrainian haplotypes, one haplotype share same genetic signal with the hyplotype from the locality Bjala (Bulgaria), the other two are unique for Ukrainian population. Two of haplotypes correspond with haplogroup covering large geographic region of Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania. These results reinforce previous findings that the species has the ability to establish new populations out of its native range. While most introductions to Germany and Britain have been deliberate, it appears likely that human transport of goods via the Danube river of goods is responsible for the range expansion into Ukraine.
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Zangl L, Daill D, Schweiger S, Gassner G, Koblmüller S. A reference DNA barcode library for Austrian amphibians and reptiles. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229353. [PMID: 32163447 PMCID: PMC7067431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, DNA barcoding became an established method for species identification in biodiversity inventories and monitoring studies. Such studies depend on the access to a comprehensive reference data base, covering all relevant taxa. Here we present a comprehensive DNA barcode inventory of all amphibian and reptile species native to Austria, except for the putatively extinct Vipera ursinii rakosiensis and Lissotriton helveticus, which has been only recently reported for the very western edge of Austria. A total of 194 DNA barcodes were generated in the framework of the Austrian Barcode of Life (ABOL) initiative. Species identification via DNA barcodes was successful for most species, except for the hybridogenetic species complex of water frogs (Pelophylax spp.) and the crested newts (Triturus spp.), in areas of sympatry. However, DNA barcoding also proved powerful in detecting deep conspecific lineages, e.g. within Natrix natrix or the wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), resulting in more than one Barcode Index Number (BIN) per species. Moreover, DNA barcodes revealed the presence of Natrix helvetica, which has been elevated to species level only recently, and genetic signatures of the Italian water frog Pelophylax bergeri in Western Austria for the first time. Comparison to previously published DNA barcoding data of European amphibians and reptiles corroborated the results of the Austrian data but also revealed certain peculiarities, underlining the particular strengths and in the case of the genus Pelophylax also the limitations of DNA barcoding. Consequently, DNA barcoding is not only powerful for species identification of all life stages of most Austrian amphibian and reptile species, but also for the detection of new species, the monitoring of gene flow or the presence of alien populations and/or species. Thus, DNA barcoding and the data generated in this study may serve both scientific and national or even transnational conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Zangl
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Studienzentrum Naturkunde, Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (LZ); (SK)
| | - Daniel Daill
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and Engineering—blattfisch e.U., Wels, Austria
| | - Silke Schweiger
- First Zoological Department, Herpetological Collection, Museum of Natural History Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Gassner
- First Zoological Department, Herpetological Collection, Museum of Natural History Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Koblmüller
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (LZ); (SK)
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8
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Occurrence and extent of hybridisation between the invasive Mallard Duck and native Yellow-billed Duck in South Africa. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Araya-Donoso R, Torres-Pérez F, Véliz D, Lamborot M. Hybridization and polyploidy in the weeping lizard Liolaemus chiliensis (Squamata: Liolaemidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In reptiles, polyploidy is an unusual phenomenon that can originate from interspecific hybridization. In Chile, the lizard Liolaemus chiliensis provides a unique model with which to study the origin of polyploidy because it occurs in populations of diploid individuals and a few populations that also contain triploid and diploid–triploid mosaic lizards. To test whether L. chiliensis polyploids were hybrids between lineages within the species, we analysed the karyotype, the mitochondrial gene Cytb, seven microsatellite loci, and the linear and geometric morphometry of individuals throughout the species distribution. We found polyploidy at different localities throughout the distribution. Hybrids were detected with the microsatellite loci and morphological data. A clear relationship between hybridization and polyploidy could not be established because triploid and mosaic lizards were hybrids and purebreds. However, our results support the occurrence of both phenomena, and further research is needed to clarify how hybridization could be involved in the origin of polyploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Araya-Donoso
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Fernando Torres-Pérez
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - David Véliz
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Madeleine Lamborot
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Dufresnes C, Dubey S. Invasion genomics supports an old hybrid swarm of pool frogs in Western Europe. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mingo V, Leeb C, Fahl AK, Lötters S, Brühl C, Wagner N. Validating buccal swabbing as a minimal-invasive method to detect pesticide exposure in squamate reptiles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:529-537. [PMID: 31100624 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of enzymatic biomarkers constitutes a widely used approach in ecotoxicology. However, standard sampling procedures are invasive, requiring tissue, organ or blood extraction. This leads to concerns regarding conservation practice, animal welfare and restrictions in study design. New techniques are needed to avoid these problems, but still generate reliable data. Here, we aimed at validating the use of buccal swabs as a reliable method to detect pesticide exposure in reptiles. Common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) were divided into control, dermal and oral treatment groups and exposed to different pesticide formulations. Subsequently, buccal swabs were taken and enzymatic activity was analyzed. We were able to confirm the suitability of the method to detect effects of pesticide exposure on the enzymatic level. While exposure to the formulation Roundup Ultramax® didn't match when compared to effects previously observed in situ when compared to other glyphosate based formulations, effects could still be detected. This can be seen as a strong indicator that the active ingredient of a formulation may not always be the mian driver for ecotoxicological effectsat the enzymatic level. At the same time, exposure towards the single formulation Vivando® didn't result in any effects. However, individuals residing in agricultural landscapes will mostly be exposed to pesticide mixes containing different formulations. Our results strongly advocate that buccal swabbing is a reliable minimal invasive method to generate samples for detecting effects of pesticide exposure in reptiles. Due to its easy handling, we believe it will provide new opportunities concerning study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Mingo
- Trier University, Department of Biogeography, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier, Germany.
| | - Christoph Leeb
- University Koblenz-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Forststraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Fahl
- RWTH Aachen, Institute for Environmental Sciences (Biology V), Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lötters
- Trier University, Department of Biogeography, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier, Germany
| | - Carsten Brühl
- University Koblenz-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Forststraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Norman Wagner
- Trier University, Department of Biogeography, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier, Germany
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12
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McFarlane SE, Pemberton JM. Detecting the True Extent of Introgression during Anthropogenic Hybridization. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:315-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Santos JL, Žagar A, Drašler K, Rato C, Ayres C, Harris DJ, Carretero MA, Salvi D. Phylogeographic evidence for multiple long-distance introductions of the common wall lizard associated with human trade and transport. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-20181040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The common wall lizard has been widely introduced across Europe and overseas. We investigated the origin of putatively introduced Podarcis muralis populations from two southern Europe localities: (i) Ljubljana (Slovenia), where uncommon phenotypes were observed near the railway tracks and (ii) the port of Vigo (Spain), where the species was recently found 150 km far from its previously known range. We compared cytochrome-b mtDNA sequences of lizards from these populations with published sequences across the native range. Our results support the allochthonous status and multiple, long-distance origins in both populations. In Ljubljana, results support two different origins, Serbia and Italy. In Vigo, at least two separate origins are inferred, from western and eastern France. Such results confirm that human-mediated transport is promoting biological invasion and lineage admixture in this species. Solid knowledge of the origin and invasion pathways, as well as population monitoring, is crucial for management strategies to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L. Santos
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Anamarija Žagar
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- 2National insitute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- 3Herpetological society – Societas herpetological slovenica, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Drašler
- 3Herpetological society – Societas herpetological slovenica, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Catarina Rato
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - César Ayres
- 4Asociación Herpetológica Española, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. James Harris
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Miguel A. Carretero
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Daniele Salvi
- 1CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- 5Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy
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14
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Dubey S, Lavanchy G, Thiébaud J, Dufresnes C. Herps without borders: a new newt case and a review of transalpine alien introductions in western Europe. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-20181028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biogeographic processes have led to different evolutionary taxa occurring in the northern and southern edges of the Alpine Mountains in Western Europe. The integrity of this diversity is being challenged by frequent human-mediated trans-alpine translocations, sometimes leading to biological invasions. Several alien terrestrial vertebrates of south Alpine origins (Italy, Swiss Ticino) are causing damages to native north Alpine fauna. In this paper, we used molecular tools to characterize the understudied case of the Mediterranean smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis) expanding in the outskirts of Geneva since its introduction before 1975. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequencing suggest that these exotic populations are a mixture between two diverged L. v. meridionalis lineages from central Italy, and traces of potential hybridization with the native L. v. vulgaris was detected. This situation echoes many other trans-alpine alien introductions. We review all comparable cases of southern to northern Alps introductions in vertebrates, including seven reptiles and four amphibians. The majority of south alpine alien lineages were presumably imported voluntarily by enthusiasts and appear to perform better in the disturbed habitats found in the anthropogenic landscapes of Western Europe compared to their native north Alpine counterparts. Most pose serious threats to related species of similar ecology, through direct competition, predation and introgressive hybridization. Difficulties to detect alien species on time lead to significant conservation costs. Better education together with more appropriate and reactive management plans will be necessary to limit the impact of future alien introductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Dubey
- 1Hintermann & Weber SA, Rue de l’Eglise-Catholique 9b, 1820 Montreux, Switzerland
- 2Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Lavanchy
- 2Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- 3Association de la Grande Cariçaie, Chemin de la Cariçaie 3, 1400 Cheseaux-Noréaz, Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Dufresnes
- 5Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- 6Laboratory for Conservation Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Yang W, While GM, Laakkonen H, Sacchi R, Zuffi MAL, Scali S, Salvi D, Uller T. Genomic evidence for asymmetric introgression by sexual selection in the common wall lizard. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4213-4224. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yang
- Department of Biology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Geoffrey M. While
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | | | - Roberto Sacchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | | | | | - Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
- CIBIO-InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; University of Porto; Vairão Portugal
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
- Edward Grey Institute; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
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16
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Beninde J, Feldmeier S, Veith M, Hochkirch A. Admixture of hybrid swarms of native and introduced lizards in cities is determined by the cityscape structure and invasion history. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.0143. [PMID: 30051861 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introductions of non-native lineages increase opportunities for hybridization. Non-native lineages of the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, are frequently introduced in cities where they hybridize with native populations. We aimed at unravelling the invasion history and admixture of native and non-native wall lizards in four German cities using citywide, comprehensive sampling. We barcoded and genotyped 826 lizards and tested if gene flow in populations composed of admixed native and introduced lineages is facilitated by similar environmental factors to those in native populations by comparing fine-scale landscape genetic patterns. In cities with non-native lineages, lizards commonly occurred in numerous clusters of hybrid swarms, which showed variable lineage composition, consisting of up to four distinct evolutionary lineages. Hybrid swarms held vast genetic diversity and showed recent admixture with other hybrid swarms. Landscape genetic analyses showed differential effects of cityscape structures across cities, but identified water bodies as strong barriers to gene flow in both native and admixed populations. By contrast, railway tracks facilitated gene flow of admixed populations only. Our study shows that cities represent unique settings for hybridization, caused by multiple introductions of non-native taxa. Cityscape structure and invasion histories of cities will determine future evolutionary pathways at these novel hybrid zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
| | | | - Michael Veith
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
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17
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Tracing the maternal origin of the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) on the northern range margin in Central Europe. Mitochondrion 2018; 46:149-157. [PMID: 29689383 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The maternal origin of isolated populations of the common wall lizard (Podracis muralis) in the Czech Republic, representing the north-eastern range border of the species, was addressed. We compared mitochondrial DNA sequences of the cytochrome b gene of samples from these populations with those from within the continuous range in Slovakia, the northern Balkan region, and those available from previous studies. We recorded five main haplogroups in the studied region, with all available Central European samples belonging to the same haplogroup. The star-like structure of this haplogroup suggests a scenario of relatively recent, post-glacial population expansion, which is further supported by a coalescent-based demographic analysis. The presence of unique haplotypes in two of the three isolated Czech populations together with close phylogenetic relationships to adjacent Slovak populations suggests either autochthonous origin or human-mediated introductions from geographically and genetically closest populations. We therefore support conservation programs for all three isolated Czech populations.
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18
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Wirtz S, Böhm C, Fritz J, Kotrschal K, Veith M, Hochkirch A. Optimizing the genetic management of reintroduction projects: genetic population structure of the captive Northern Bald Ibis population. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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A simple SNP genotyping method reveals extreme invasions of non-native haplotypes in pale chub Opsariichthys platypus, a common cyprinid fish in Japan. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191731. [PMID: 29360868 PMCID: PMC5779690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasion by non-native subspecies or populations is one of the most serious threats to ecosystems, because these species might be easily established in the introduced area and can negatively affect native populations through competition and hybridization. Pale chub Opsariichthys platypus, one of the most common fish in East Asia, exhibits clear genetic differentiation among regional populations; however, introgression and subsequent loss of genetic integrity have been occurring throughout Japan due to the artificial introduction of non-native conspecifics. In this study, we developed a simple SNP genotyping method to discriminate between native and non-native mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes in pale chub using real-time PCR assay. We then investigated the distribution patterns of non-native pale chub in Tokai region, located in the center of Honshu Island, Japan and developed a predictive model of the occurrence of non-natives to reveal the factors influencing their invasion. The specificity and accuracy of the genotyping method were confirmed by using samples whose haplotypes were determined previously. Extensive occurrence of non-native haplotypes in Tokai region was detected by this method. In addition, our models suggested that the presence of non-natives varied greatly depending on the river system, and was positively influenced by the impounded water areas. Our method could accurately distinguish between native and non-native haplotypes of pale chub in Japan and suggested key environmental factors associated with the presence of non-natives. This approach can greatly reduce experimental costs be a great contribution for quantitative investigation.
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20
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Rohde K, Hau Y, Kranz N, Weinberger J, Elle O, Hochkirch A. Climatic effects on population declines of a rare wetland species and the role of spatial and temporal isolation as barriers to hybridization. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rohde
- Department of Biogeography Trier University D‐54286 Trier Germany
| | - Yvonne Hau
- Department of Biogeography Trier University D‐54286 Trier Germany
| | - Nicole Kranz
- Department of Biogeography Trier University D‐54286 Trier Germany
| | | | - Ortwin Elle
- Department of Biogeography Trier University D‐54286 Trier Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography Trier University D‐54286 Trier Germany
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21
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Fischer ML, Salgado I, Beninde J, Klein R, Frantz AC, Heddergott M, Cullingham CI, Kyle CJ, Hochkirch A. Multiple founder effects are followed by range expansion and admixture during the invasion process of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) in Europe. DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Salgado
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; 54286 Trier Germany
| | - Roland Klein
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; 54286 Trier Germany
| | - Alain C. Frantz
- Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle; 2160 Luxembourg Luxembourg
| | - Mike Heddergott
- Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle; 2160 Luxembourg Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; 54286 Trier Germany
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22
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Cryptic invasion of Italian pool frogs (Pelophylax bergeri) across Western Europe unraveled by multilocus phylogeography. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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MacGregor HEA, While GM, Barrett J, Pérez i de Lanuza G, Carazo P, Michaelides S, Uller T. Experimental contact zones reveal causes and targets of sexual selection in hybridizing lizards. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. A. MacGregor
- School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart 7001 Australia
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - Geoffrey M. While
- School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart 7001 Australia
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - Jade Barrett
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - Guillem Pérez i de Lanuza
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources InBIO Universidade do Porto Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N°7 4485‐661 Vairão Vila do Conde Portugal
| | - Pau Carazo
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia C/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2 CP: 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
| | - Sozos Michaelides
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Zoology Edward Grey Institute University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
- Department of Biology Lund University Sölvegatan 37 Lund 223 62 Sweden
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24
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Beninde J, Feldmeier S, Werner M, Peroverde D, Schulte U, Hochkirch A, Veith M. Cityscape genetics: structural vs. functional connectivity of an urban lizard population. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4984-5000. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Universitätsring 15 54296 Trier Germany
| | - Stephan Feldmeier
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Universitätsring 15 54296 Trier Germany
| | - Maike Werner
- Zoological Institute & Museum; Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald; Johann Sebastian Bach-Str. 11/12 17487 Greifswald Germany
| | - Daniel Peroverde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Universitätsring 15 54296 Trier Germany
| | - Ulrich Schulte
- Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN); Konstantinstr. 110 53179 Bonn Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Universitätsring 15 54296 Trier Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Universitätsring 15 54296 Trier Germany
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25
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Omelchenko AV, Girnyk AE, Osipov FA, Petrosyan VG, Vergun AA, Ryskov AP. Detection of genotypic changes in parthenogenetic lizards (Darevskia armeniaca (Mehely)) introduced from Armenia to Ukraine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s2075111716030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Haines ML, Melville J, Sumner J, Clemann N, Chapple DG, Stuart-Fox D. Geographic variation in hybridization and ecological differentiation between three syntopic, morphologically similar species of montane lizards. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2887-903. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Haines
- Sciences Department; Museum Victoria; GPO Box 666 Melbourne Vic. 3001 Australia
- Biosciences; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - J. Melville
- Sciences Department; Museum Victoria; GPO Box 666 Melbourne Vic. 3001 Australia
| | - J. Sumner
- Sciences Department; Museum Victoria; GPO Box 666 Melbourne Vic. 3001 Australia
| | - N. Clemann
- Sciences Department; Museum Victoria; GPO Box 666 Melbourne Vic. 3001 Australia
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research; Department of Environment; Land, Water, and Planning; PO Box 137 Heidelberg Vic. 3084 Australia
| | - D. G. Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia
| | - D. Stuart-Fox
- Biosciences; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia
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27
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Heathcote RJP, While GM, MacGregor HEA, Sciberras J, Leroy C, D'Ettorre P, Uller T. Male behaviour drives assortative reproduction during the initial stage of secondary contact. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:1003-15. [PMID: 26848540 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic divergence in allopatry can facilitate speciation by reducing the likelihood that individuals of different lineages hybridize during secondary contact. However, few studies have established the causes of reproductive isolation in the crucial early stages of secondary contact. Here, we establish behavioural causes of assortative reproduction between two phenotypically divergent lineages of the European wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), which have recently come into secondary contact. Parentage was highly assortative in experimental contact zones. However, despite pronounced divergence in male phenotypes, including chemical and visual sexual signals, there was no evidence that females discriminated between males of the two lineages in staged interactions or under naturalistic free-ranging conditions. Instead, assortative reproduction was driven by male mate preferences and, to a lesser extent, male-male competition. The effects were more pronounced when the habitat structure promoted high lizard densities. These results emphasize that assortative reproduction can occur in the absence of female choice and that male behaviour may play an important role in limiting hybridization during the initial stages of secondary contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J P Heathcote
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - G M While
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tas., Australia
| | - H E A MacGregor
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tas., Australia
| | - J Sciberras
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Leroy
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France
| | - P D'Ettorre
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France
| | - T Uller
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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28
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While GM, Michaelides S, Heathcote RJP, MacGregor HEA, Zajac N, Beninde J, Carazo P, Pérez i de Lanuza G, Sacchi R, Zuffi MA, Horváthová T, Fresnillo B, Schulte U, Veith M, Hochkirch A, Uller T. Sexual selection drives asymmetric introgression in wall lizards. Ecol Lett 2015; 18:1366-75. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M. While
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sozos Michaelides
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Robert J. P. Heathcote
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
| | - Hannah E. A. MacGregor
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Natalia Zajac
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Trier Germany
| | - Pau Carazo
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Guillem Pérez i de Lanuza
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources; Universidade do Porto; Vairão, Vila do Conde Porto Portugal
| | - Roberto Sacchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | | | - Terézia Horváthová
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- Institute of Environmental Sciences; Jagiellonian University; Kraków Poland
| | - Belén Fresnillo
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Alcalá; Alcalá Spain
| | - Ulrich Schulte
- Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN); Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Trier Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Trier Germany
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Zoology; Edward Grey Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- Department of Biology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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29
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Assessing and predicting the spread of non-native raccoons in Germany using hunting bag data and dispersal weighted models. Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-0989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Rohde K, Hau Y, Weyer J, Hochkirch A. Wide prevalence of hybridization in two sympatric grasshopper species may be shaped by their relative abundances. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:191. [PMID: 26376739 PMCID: PMC4573947 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hybridization between species is of conservation concern as it might threaten the genetic integrity of species. Anthropogenic factors can alter hybridization dynamics by introducing new potentially hybridizing species or by diminishing barriers to hybridization. This may even affect sympatric species pairs through environmental change, which so far has received little attention. We studied hybridization prevalence and the underlying behavioral mechanisms in two sympatric grasshopper species, a rare specialist (Chorthippus montanus) and a common generalist (Chorthippus parallelus). We conducted a mate choice experiment with constant intraspecific density and varying heterospecific density, i.e. varying relative frequency of both species. RESULTS Mate choice was frequency-dependent in both species with a higher risk of cross-mating with increasing heterospecific frequency, while conspecific mating increased linearly with increasing conspecific density. This illustrates that reproductive barriers could be altered by environmental change, if the relative frequency of species pairs is affected. Moreover, we performed a microsatellite analysis to detect hybridization in twelve syntopic populations (and four allotopic populations). Hybrids were detected in nearly all syntopic populations with hybridization rates reaching up to 8.9 %. Genetic diversity increased for both species when hybrids were included in the data set, but only in the common species a positive correlation between hybridization rate and genetic diversity was detected. CONCLUSION Our study illustrates that the relative frequency of the two species strongly determines the effectiveness of reproductive barriers and that even the more choosy species (Ch. montanus) may face a higher risk of hybridization if population size decreases and its relative frequency becomes low compared to its sister species. The asymmetric mate preferences of both species may lead to quasi-unidirectional gene flow caused by unidirectional backcrossing. This might explain why genetic diversity increased only in the common species, but not in the rare one. Altogether, the hybridization rate was much higher than expected for a widely sympatric species pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rohde
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany.
| | - Yvonne Hau
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany.
| | - Jessica Weyer
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany.
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany.
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31
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Michaelides SN, While GM, Zajac N, Uller T. Widespread primary, but geographically restricted secondary, human introductions of wall lizards, Podarcis muralis. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:2702-14. [PMID: 25891955 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Establishing the introduction pathways of alien species is a fundamental task in invasion biology. The common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, has been widely introduced outside of its native range in both Europe and North America, primarily through escaped pets or deliberate release of animals from captive or wild populations. Here, we use Bayesian clustering, approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods and network analyses to reconstruct the origin and colonization history of 23 non-native populations of wall lizards in England. Our analyses show that established populations in southern England originate from at least nine separate sources of animals from native populations in France and Italy. Secondary introductions from previously established non-native populations were supported for eleven (47%) populations. In contrast to the primary introductions, secondary introductions were highly restricted geographically and appear to have occurred within a limited time frame rather than being increasingly common. Together, these data suggest that extant wall lizard populations in England are the result of isolated accidental and deliberate releases of imported animals since the 1970s, with only local translocation of animals from established non-native populations. Given that populations introduced as recently as 25 years ago show evidence of having adapted to cool climate, discouraging further translocations may be important to prevent more extensive establishment on the south coast of England.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sozos N Michaelides
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Geoffrey M While
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, PO Box 55, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
| | - Natalia Zajac
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.,Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE 223 62, Lund, Sweden
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Fischer ML, Hochkirch A, Heddergott M, Schulze C, Anheyer-Behmenburg HE, Lang J, Michler FU, Hohmann U, Ansorge H, Hoffmann L, Klein R, Frantz AC. Historical Invasion Records Can Be Misleading: Genetic Evidence for Multiple Introductions of Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Germany. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125441. [PMID: 25946257 PMCID: PMC4422738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions provide excellent study systems to understand evolutionary, genetic and ecological processes during range expansions. There is strong evidence for positive effects of high propagule pressure and the associated higher genetic diversity on invasion success, but some species have become invasive despite small founder numbers. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is often considered as a typical example for such a successful invasion resulting from a small number of founders. The species' largest non-native population in Germany is commonly assumed to stem from a small number of founders and two separate founding events in the 1930s and 1940s. In the present study we analyzed 407 raccoons at 20 microsatellite loci sampled from the invasive range in Western Europe to test if these assumptions are correct. Contrary to the expectations, different genetic clustering methods detected evidence for at least four independent introduction events that gave rise to genetically differentiated subpopulations. Further smaller clusters were either artifacts or resulted from founder events at the range margin and recent release of captive individuals. We also found genetic evidence for on-going introductions of individuals. Furthermore a novel randomization process was used to determine the potential range of founder population size that would suffice to capture all the alleles present in a cluster. Our results falsify the assumption that this species has become widespread and abundant despite being genetically depauperate and show that historical records of species introductions may be misleading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari L. Fischer
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | | | | | - Helena E. Anheyer-Behmenburg
- Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Food and Veterinary Institute Braunschweig/Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Lang
- Institut für Tierökologie und Naturbildung, Gonterskirchen, Germany
| | - Frank-Uwe Michler
- Dresden University of Technology, Institute of Forest Botany and Forest Zoology, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Ulf Hohmann
- Department of Wildlife Ecology, Research Institute for Forest Ecology and Forestry Rhineland-Palatinate, Trippstadt, Germany
| | - Hermann Ansorge
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Lothar Hoffmann
- Thüringer Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz, Bad Langensalza, Germany
| | - Roland Klein
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
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Hawlitschek O, Morinière J, Dunz A, Franzen M, Rödder D, Glaw F, Haszprunar G. Comprehensive DNA barcoding of the herpetofauna of Germany. Mol Ecol Resour 2015; 16:242-53. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Hawlitschek
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Morinière
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
| | - A. Dunz
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
| | - M. Franzen
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
| | - D. Rödder
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig; Adenauerallee 160 53113 Bonn Germany
| | - F. Glaw
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
| | - G. Haszprunar
- Zoologische Staatssammlung (ZSM-SNSB); Münchhausenstrasse 21 81247 München Germany
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Beninde J, Fischer ML, Hochkirch A, Zink A. Ambitious Advances of the European Union in the Legislation of Invasive Alien Species. Conserv Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | | | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Andreas Zink
- Institute for Environmental and Technology Law; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
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Witzenberger KA, Hochkirch A. The genetic integrity of the ex situ population of the European wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris) is seriously threatened by introgression from domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus). PLoS One 2014; 9:e106083. [PMID: 25162450 PMCID: PMC4146591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the genetic diversity and relatedness of zoo populations are crucial for implementing successful breeding programmes. The European wildcat, Felis s. silvestris, is subject to intensive conservation measures, including captive breeding and reintroduction. We here present the first systematic genetic analysis of the captive population of Felis s. silvestris in comparison with a natural wild population. We used microsatellites and mtDNA sequencing to assess genetic diversity, structure and integrity of the ex situ population. Our results show that the ex situ population of the European wildcat is highly structured and that it has a higher genetic diversity than the studied wild population. Some genetic clusters matched the breeding lines of certain zoos or groups of zoos that often exchanged individuals. Two mitochondrial haplotype groups were detected in the in situ populations, one of which was closely related to the most common haplotype found in domestic cats, suggesting past introgression in the wild. Although native haplotypes were also found in the captive population, the majority (68%) of captive individuals shared a common mtDNA haplotype with the domestic cat (Felis s. catus). Only six captive individuals (7.7%) were assigned as wildcats in the STRUCTURE analysis (at K = 2), two of which had domestic cat mtDNA haplotypes and only two captive individuals were assigned as purebred wildcats by NewHybrids. These results suggest that the high genetic diversity of the captive population has been caused by admixture with domestic cats. Therefore, the captive population cannot be recommended for further breeding and reintroduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin A. Witzenberger
- Zoo Hoyerswerda, Hoyerswerda, Germany
- Trier University, Department of Biogeography, Trier, Germany
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Trier University, Department of Biogeography, Trier, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Heathcote RJP, Dawson DA, Uller T. Characterisation of nine European wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) microsatellite loci of utility across sub-species. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-014-0294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tolley KA, Daniels RJ, Feldheim KA. Characterisation of microsatellite markers in the Spotted Sand Lizard (Pedioplanis lineoocellata) shows low levels of inbreeding and moderate genetic diversity on a small spatial scale. AFR J HERPETOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2014.893927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Latour Y, Perriat-Sanguinet M, Caminade P, Boursot P, Smadja CM, Ganem G. Sexual selection against natural hybrids may contribute to reinforcement in a house mouse hybrid zone. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 281:20132733. [PMID: 24352947 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual selection may hinder gene flow across contact zones when hybrid recognition signals are discriminated against. We tested this hypothesis in a unimodal hybrid zone between Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus where a pattern of reinforcement was described and lower hybrid fitness documented. We presented mice from the border of the hybrid zone with a choice between opposite sex urine from the same subspecies versus hybrids sampled in different locations across the zone. While no preference was evidenced in domesticus mice, musculus males discriminated in favour of musculus signals and against hybrid signals. Remarkably, the pattern of hybrid unattractiveness did not vary across the hybrid zone. Moreover, allopatric populations tested in the same conditions did not discriminate against hybrid signals, indicating character displacement for signal perception or preference. Finally, habituation-discrimination tests assessing similarities between signals pointed out that hybrid signals differed from the parental ones. Overall, our results suggest that perception of hybrids as unattractive has evolved in border populations of musculus after the secondary contact with domesticus. We discuss the mechanisms involved in hybrid unattractiveness, and the potential impact of asymmetric sexual selection on the hybrid zone dynamics and gene flow between the two subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Latour
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR5554, , Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
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Salvi D, Harris DJ, Kaliontzopoulou A, Carretero MA, Pinho C. Persistence across Pleistocene ice ages in Mediterranean and extra-Mediterranean refugia: phylogeographic insights from the common wall lizard. BMC Evol Biol 2013; 13:147. [PMID: 23841475 PMCID: PMC3711914 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleistocene climatic oscillations have played a major role in structuring present-day biodiversity. The southern Mediterranean peninsulas have long been recognized as major glacial refugia, from where Northern Europe was post-glacially colonized. However, recent studies have unravelled numerous additional refugia also in northern regions. We investigated the phylogeographic pattern of the widespread Western Palaearctic lizard Podarcis muralis, using a range-wide multilocus approach, to evaluate whether it is concordant with a recent expansion from southern glacial refugia or alternatively from a combination of Mediterranean and northern refugia. RESULTS We analyzed DNA sequences of two mitochondrial (cytb and nd4) and three nuclear (acm4, mc1r, and pdc) gene fragments in individuals from 52 localities across the species range, using phylogenetic and phylogeographic methods. The complex phylogeographic pattern observed, with 23 reciprocally monophyletic allo- parapatric lineages having a Pleistocene divergence, suggests a scenario of long-term isolation in multiple ice-age refugia across the species distribution range. Multiple lineages were identified within the three Mediterranean peninsulas - Iberia, Italy and the Balkans - where the highest genetic diversity was observed. Such an unprecedented phylogeographic pattern - here called "refugia within all refugia" - compasses the classical scenario of multiple southern refugia. However, unlike the southern refugia model, various distinct lineages were also found in northern regions, suggesting that additional refugia in France, Northern Italy, Eastern Alps and Central Balkans allowed the long-term persistence of this species throughout Pleistocene glaciations. CONCLUSIONS The phylogeography of Podarcis muralis provides a paradigm of temperate species survival in Mediterranean and extra-Mediterranean glacial refugia. Such refugia acted as independent biogeographic compartments for the long-term persistence of this species, for the differentiation of its genetic lineages, and for the short-distance post-glacial re-colonization of neighbouring areas. This finding echoes previous findings from recent phylogeographic studies on species from temperate ecoregions, thus suggesting the need for a reappraisal of the role of northern refugia for glacial persistence and post-glacial assembly of Holarctic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Salvi
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.
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Hochkirch A, Schmitt T, Beninde J, Hiery M, Kinitz T, Kirschey J, Matenaar D, Rohde K, Stoefen A, Wagner N, Zink A, Lötters S, Veith M, Proelss A. How Much Biodiversity does Natura 2000 Cover? Conserv Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Joscha Beninde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Marietta Hiery
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Tim Kinitz
- Department of Environmental Toxicology; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Jenny Kirschey
- Institute for Environmental and Technology Law; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Daniela Matenaar
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Katja Rohde
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Aleke Stoefen
- Institute for Environmental and Technology Law; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Norman Wagner
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Andreas Zink
- Institute for Environmental and Technology Law; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Stefan Lötters
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Alexander Proelss
- Institute for Environmental and Technology Law; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
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41
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Strong genetic differentiation due to multiple founder events during a recent range expansion of an introduced wall lizard population. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hochkirch A. Hybridization and the origin of species. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:247-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; Trier; Germany
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