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Hayes JA, Lunger AW, Sharma AS, Fernez MT, Carrier RL, Koppes AN, Koppes R, Woolston BM. Engineered bacteria titrate hydrogen sulfide and induce concentration-dependent effects on the host in a gut microphysiological system. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113481. [PMID: 37980564 PMCID: PMC10791167 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous microbial metabolite whose role in gut diseases is debated, with contradictory results stemming from experimental difficulties associated with accurate dosing and measuring H2S and the use of model systems that do not accurately represent the human gut environment. Here, we engineer Escherichia coli to titrate H2S across the physiological range in a gut microphysiological system (chip) supportive of the co-culture of microbes and host cells. The chip is engineered to maintain H2S gas tension and enables visualization of co-culture in real time with confocal microscopy. Engineered strains colonize the chip and are metabolically active for 2 days, during which they produce H2S across a 16-fold range and induce changes in host gene expression and metabolism in an H2S-concentration-dependent manner. These results validate a platform for studying the mechanisms underlying microbe-host interactions by enabling experiments that are infeasible with current animal and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Hayes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna W Lunger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aayushi S Sharma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew T Fernez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca L Carrier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail N Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Woolston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sun HZ, Li CY, Shi Y, Li JJ, Wang YY, Han LN, Zhu LJ, Zhang YF. Effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide in the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4557-4570. [PMID: 37621756 PMCID: PMC10445002 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i29.4557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a recently discovered gaseous neurotransmitter in the nervous and gastrointestinal systems. It exerts its effects through multiple signaling pathways, impacting various physiological activities. The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), a vital nucleus involved in visceral sensation, was investigated in this study to understand the role of H2S in regulating gastric function in rats. AIM To examine whether H2S affects the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 pathways and the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor in the NTS. METHODS Immunohistochemical and fluorescent double-labeling techniques were employed to identify cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and c-Fos co-expressed positive neurons in the NTS during rat stress. Gastric motility curves were recorded by inserting a pressure-sensing balloon into the pylorus through the stomach fundus. Changes in gastric motility were observed before and after injecting different doses of NaHS (4 nmol and 8 nmol), physiological saline, Capsazepine (4 nmol) + NaHS (4 nmol), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 4 nmol) + NaHS (4 nmol), and L703606 (4 nmol) + NaHS (4 nmol). RESULTS We identified a significant increase in the co-expression of c-Fos and CBS positive neurons in the NTS after 1 h and 3 h of restraint water-immersion stress compared to the expressions observed in the control group. Intra-NTS injection of NaHS at different doses significantly inhibited gastric motility in rats (P < 0.01). However, injection of saline, first injection NF-κB inhibitor PDTC or transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist Capsazepine or NK1 receptor blockers L703606 and then injection NaHS did not produce significant changes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION NTS contains neurons co-expressing CBS and c-Fos, and the injection of NaHS into the NTS can suppress gastric motility in rats. This effect may be mediated by activating TRPV1 and NK1 receptors via the NF-κB channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhao Sun
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen-Yu Li
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi-Ya Wang
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Na Han
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lu-Jie Zhu
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Fei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Qi Lu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, Shandong Province, China
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Hayes JA, Lunger AW, Sharma AS, Fernez MT, Koppes AN, Koppes R, Woolston BM. Engineered bacteria titrate hydrogen sulfide and induce concentration-dependent effects on host in a gut microphysiological system. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.16.538950. [PMID: 37293009 PMCID: PMC10245736 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.16.538950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous microbial metabolite whose role in gut diseases is debated, largely due to the difficulty in controlling its concentration and the use of non-representative model systems in previous work. Here, we engineered E. coli to titrate H2S controllably across the physiological range in a gut microphysiological system (chip) supportive of the co-culture of microbes and host cells. The chip was designed to maintain H2S gas tension and enable visualization of co-culture in real-time with confocal microscopy. Engineered strains colonized the chip and were metabolically active for two days, during which they produced H2S across a sixteen-fold range and induced changes in host gene expression and metabolism in an H2S concentration-dependent manner. These results validate a novel platform for studying the mechanisms underlying microbe-host interactions, by enabling experiments that are infeasible with current animal and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Hayes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna W. Lunger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aayushi S. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew T. Fernez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail N. Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Woolston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Silent information regulator 1 mediates H 2 S-inhibited chronic restraint stress-induced depressive-like behaviors by regulating hippocampal autophagy. Neuroreport 2023; 34:128-136. [PMID: 36728843 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our previous study has demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), a novel gasotransmitter, attenuates excessive autophagy and depressive-like behaviors in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-exposed rats, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a deacetylase at the consumption of NAD+ plays an important regulatory role in depression. Hence, this study aimed to investigate whether SIRT1 mediates the protective effect of H 2 S on CRS-induced depressive-like behaviors by regulating hippocampal autophagy. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to CRS (6 h × 28 days) to induce depression-like behavior. Rats were injected with sodium hydrosulfate (NaHS, 100 μmol/kg/d, i.p.), as a donor of H 2 S, alone or in combination with Sirtinol (a SIRT1 inhibitor; 10 nmol, i.c.v.) during CRS process. The depression-like characteristics of rats were assessed by the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT). The number of hippocampal autophagosomes was detected by transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of hippocampal autophagy-related proteins were measured by western blotting analysis. RESULTS Sirtinol blocked the inhibitory effect of H 2 S on depressive-like behaviors in CRS-exposed rats according to NSFT, TST, FST and OFT. In addition, sirtinol reversed the protective response of H 2 S to CRS-induced excessive autophagy, as proved by the increases in the number of autophagosomes and the expression of Beclin-1 as well as a decrease in the expression of P62 in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION These results indicated that SIRT1 contributes to the antidepressant-like function of H 2 S during CRS via reducing hippocampal autophagy.
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Li C, Sun H, Shi Y, Yu Y, Ji X, Li E, Zhou X, Liu X, Xue X, Sun H. Effects of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus on Gastric Function in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:806012. [PMID: 35095514 PMCID: PMC8793780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.806012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a new type of gas neurotransmitter discovered in recent years. It plays an important role in various physiological activities. The hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important nucleus that regulates gastric function. This study aimed to clarify the role of H2S in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus on the gastric function of rats. Methods: An immunofluorescence histochemistry double-labelling technique was used to determine whether cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) and c-Fos neurons are involved in PVN stress. Through microinjection of different concentrations of NaHS, physiological saline (PS), D-2-Amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (D-AP5), and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), we observed gastric motility and gastric acid secretion. Results: c-Fos and CBS co-expressed the most positive neurons after 1 h of restraint and immersion, followed by 3 h, and the least was at 0 h. After injection of different concentrations of NaHS into the PVN, gastric motility and gastric acid secretion in rats were significantly inhibited and promoted, respectively (p < 0.01); however, injection of normal saline, D-AP5, and PDTC did not cause any significant change (p > 0.05). The suppressive effect of NaHS on gastrointestinal motility and the promotional effect of NaHS on gastric acid secretion could be prevented by D-AP5, a specific N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and PDTC, an NF-κB inhibitor. Conclusion: There are neurons co-expressing CBS and c-Fos in the PVN, and the injection of NaHS into the PVN can inhibit gastric motility and promote gastric acid secretion in rats. This effect may be mediated by NMDA receptors and the NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongzhao Sun
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ji
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Enguang Li
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xikang Xue
- School of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Pozzi G, Gobbi G, Masselli E, Carubbi C, Presta V, Ambrosini L, Vitale M, Mirandola P. Buffering Adaptive Immunity by Hydrogen Sulfide. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030325. [PMID: 35159135 PMCID: PMC8834412 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell-mediated adaptive immunity is designed to respond to non-self antigens and pathogens through the activation and proliferation of various T cell populations. T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and Treg cells finely orchestrate cellular responses through a plethora of paracrine and autocrine stimuli that include cytokines, autacoids, and hormones. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of these mediators able to induce/inhibit immunological responses, playing a role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, asthma, acute pancreatitis, and sepsis. Both endogenous and exogenous H2S modulate numerous important cell signaling pathways. In monocytes, polymorphonuclear, and T cells H2S impacts on activation, survival, proliferation, polarization, adhesion pathways, and modulates cytokine production and sensitivity to chemokines. Here, we offer a comprehensive review on the role of H2S as a natural buffer able to maintain over time a functional balance between Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pozzi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Elena Masselli
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Valentina Presta
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Luca Ambrosini
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Vitale
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Italian Foundation for the Research in Balneology, Via Po 22, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
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S K, Sam B, George L, N SY, Varghese A. Fluorescein Based Fluorescence Sensors for the Selective Sensing of Various Analytes. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1251-1276. [PMID: 34255257 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescein molecules are extensively used to develop fluorescent probes for various analytes due to their excellent photophysical properties and the spirocyclic structure. The main structural modification of fluorescein occurs at the carboxyl group where different groups can be easily introduced to produce the spirolactam structure which is non-fluorescent. The spirolactam ring opening accounts for the fluorescence and the dual sensing of analytes using fluorescent sensors is still a topic of high interest. There is an increase in the number of dual sensors developed in the past five years and quite a good number of fluorescein derivatives were also reported based on reversible mechanisms. This review analyses environmentally and biologically important cations such as Cu2+, Hg2+, Fe3+, Pd2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Mg2+; anions (F-, OCl-) and small molecules (thiols, CO and H2S). Structural modifications, binding mechanisms, different strategies and a comparative study for selected cations, anions and molecules are outlined in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana S
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Bincy Sam
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Louis George
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Sudhakar Y N
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed To Be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
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Hao Y, Wang H, Fang L, Bian J, Gao Y, Li C. H2S Donor and Bone Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661601. [PMID: 34366840 PMCID: PMC8339202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized as the third gasotransmitter, following nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, and it exerts important biological effects in the body. Growing evidence has shown that H2S is involved in many physiological processes in the body. In recent years, much research has been carried out on the role of H2S in bone metabolism. Bone metabolic diseases have been linked to abnormal endogenous H2S functions and metabolism. It has been found that H2S plays an important role in the regulation of bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Regulation of H2S on bone metabolism has many interacting signaling pathways at the molecular level, which play an important role in bone formation and absorption. H2S releasing agents (donors) have achieved significant effects in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. In addition, H2S donors and related drugs have been widely used as research tools in basic biomedical research and may be explored as potential therapeutic agents in the future. Donors are used to study the mechanism and function of H2S as they release H2S through different mechanisms. Although H2S releasers have biological activity, their function can be inconsistent. Additionally, donors have different H2S release capabilities, which could lead to different effects. Side effects may form with the formation of H2S; however, it is unclear whether these side effects affect the biological effects of H2S. Therefore, it is necessary to study H2S donors in detail. In this review, we summarize the current information about H2S donors related to bone metabolism diseases and discuss some mechanisms and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Peoples' Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
| | - Hongzhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Peoples' Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
| | - Lingna Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Peoples' Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Peoples' Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Peoples' Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
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Liao R, Xue L, Qiang Z, Zhang C, Liu Y. Release of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in enteric nerve cells suppresses intestinal motility during severe acute pancreatitis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:64-71. [PMID: 31889183 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that during severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) attacks, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is released in the colon. However, the roles played by H2S in regulating enteric nerves remain unclear. In this study, we examined the association between SAP-induced H2S release and loss of intestinal motility, and also explored the relevant mechanism in enteric nerve cells. A rat SAP model was constructed and enteric nerve cells were prepared. Intestinal mobility was evaluated by measuring the number of bowel movements at indicated time points and by performing intestinal propulsion tests. The production of inflammatory cytokines during a SAP attack was quantified by ELISA, and the levels of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. In vivo studies showed that PI3K/Akt/Sp1 signaling in enteric nerve cells was blocked, confirming the mechanism of endogenous H2S formation by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Our results also showed that rats with SAP symptoms had reduced intestinal motility. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt/Sp1 signaling was triggered and CSE expression was up-regulated, and these changes were associated with H2S formation in the colon. In addition, propargylglycine reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and suppressed the release of H2S. Enteric nerve cells that were incubated with LY294002 and transfected with a Sp1-knockdown vector displayed decreased levels of CSE production, which led to a decrease in H2S production. These results suggest that SAP symptoms suppressed the intestinal motility of rats via the release of H2S in enteric nerve cells, which was dependent on the inflammation-induced PI3K/Akt/Sp1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribin Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Liwei Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Zhanrong Qiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
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Masliukov PM, Budnik AF, Nozdrachev AD. Neurochemical Features of Metasympathetic System Ganglia in the Course of Ontogenesis. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057017040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Jimenez M, Gil V, Martinez‐Cutillas M, Mañé N, Gallego D. Hydrogen sulphide as a signalling molecule regulating physiopathological processes in gastrointestinal motility. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174. [PMID: 28631296 PMCID: PMC5554320 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The biology of H2 S is a still developing area of research and several biological functions have been recently attributed to this gaseous molecule in many physiological systems, including the cardiovascular, urogenital, respiratory, digestive and central nervous system (CNS). H2 S exerts anti-inflammatory effects and can be considered an endogenous mediator with potential effects on gastrointestinal motility. During the last few years, we have investigated the role of H2 S as a regulator of gastrointestinal motility using both animal and human tissues. The aim of the present work is to review published data regarding the potential role of H2 S as a signalling molecule regulating physiopathological processes in gastrointestinal motor function. H2 S is endogenously produced by defined enzymic pathways in different cell types of the intestinal wall including neurons and smooth muscle. Inhibition of H2 S biosynthesis increases motility and H2 S donors cause smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of propulsive motor patterns. Impaired H2 S production has been described in animal models with gastrointestinal motor dysfunction. The mechanism(s) of action underlying these effects may include several ion channels, although no specific receptor has been identified. At this time, even though there is much experimental evidence for H2 S as a modulator of gastrointestinal motility, we still do not have conclusive experimental evidence to definitively propose H2 S as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the gastrointestinal tract, causing nerve-mediated relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jimenez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - V Gil
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - M Martinez‐Cutillas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - N Mañé
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - D Gallego
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
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Inhibitory action of hydrogen sulfide on esophageal striated muscle motility in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 771:123-9. [PMID: 26687631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized as a gaseous transmitter and has many functions including regulation of gastrointestinal motility. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of H2S on the motility of esophageal striated muscle in rats. An isolated segment of the rat esophagus was placed in an organ bath and mechanical responses were recorded using a force transducer. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve evoked contractile response in the esophageal segment. The vagally mediated contraction was inhibited by application of an H2S donor. The H2S donor did not affect the contraction induced by electrical field stimulation, which can excite the striated muscle directly, not via vagus nerves. These results show that H2S has an inhibitory effect on esophageal motility not by directly attenuating striated muscle contractility but by blocking vagal motor nerve activity and/or neuromuscular transmissions. The inhibitory actions of H2S were not affected by pretreatment with the transient receptor potential vanniloid-1 blocker, transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 blocker, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, blockers of potassium channels, and ganglionic blocker. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed the expression of H2S-producing enzymes in esophageal tissue, whereas application of inhibitors of H2S-producing enzymes did not change vagally evoked contractions in the esophageal striated muscle. These findings suggest that H2S, which might be produced in the esophageal tissue endogenously, can regulate the motor activity of esophageal striated muscle via a novel inhibitory neural pathway.
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Hydrogen sulfide-induced itch requires activation of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel in mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16768. [PMID: 26602811 PMCID: PMC4658482 DOI: 10.1038/srep16768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The contributions of gasotransmitters to itch sensation are largely unknown. In this
study, we aimed to investigate the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a
ubiquitous gasotransmitter, in itch signaling. We found that intradermal injection
of H2S donors NaHS or Na2S, but not GYY4137 (a slow-releasing
H2S donor), dose-dependently induced scratching behavior in a
μ-opioid receptor-dependent and histamine-independent manner in mice.
Interestingly, NaHS induced itch via unique mechanisms that involved
capsaicin-insensitive A-fibers, but not TRPV1-expressing C-fibers that are
traditionally considered for mediating itch, revealed by depletion of
TRPV1-expressing C-fibers by systemic resiniferatoxin treatment. Moreover, local
application of capsaizapine (TRPV1 blocker) or HC-030031 (TRPA1 blocker) had no
effects on NaHS-evoked scratching. Strikingly, pharmacological blockade and
silencing of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel by mibefradil, ascorbic acid,
zinc chloride or Cav3.2 siRNA dramatically decreased NaHS-evoked
scratching. NaHS induced robust alloknesis (touch-evoked itch), which was inhibited
by T-type calcium channels blocker mibefradil. Compound 48/80-induced itch was
enhanced by an endogenous precursor of H2S (L-cysteine) but attenuated by
inhibitors of H2S-producing enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase and
cystathionine β-synthase. These results indicated that H2S,
as a novel nonhistaminergic itch mediator, may activates Cav3.2 T-type
calcium channel, probably located at A-fibers, to induce scratching and alloknesis
in mice.
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Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3646-3657. [PMID: 26111628 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the potential application value of H2S in the therapy of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still not well known. This study was to investigate the potential effect of H2S on early brain injury (EBI) induced by SAH and explore the underlying mechanisms. The role of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, in SAH-induced EBI, was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro. A prechiasmatic cistern single injection model was used to produce experimental SAH in vivo. In vitro, cultured primary rat cortical neurons and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to OxyHb at concentration of 10 μM to mimic SAH. Endogenous production of H2S in the brain was significantly inhibited by SAH. The protein levels of the predominant H2S-generating enzymes in the brain, including cystathionineb-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase (3MST), were also correspondingly reduced by SAH, while treatment with NaHS restored H2S production and the expressions of CBS and 3MST. More importantly, NaHS treatment could significantly attenuate EBI (including brain edema, blood-brain barrier disruption, brain cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and cerebral vasospasm) after SAH. In vitro, H2S protects neurons and endothelial function by functioning as an antioxidant and antiapoptotic mediator. Our results suggest that NaSH as an exogenous H2S donor could significantly reduce EBI induced by SAH.
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Martinez-Cutillas M, Gil V, Mañé N, Clavé P, Gallego D, Martin MT, Jimenez M. Potential role of the gaseous mediator hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in inhibition of human colonic contractility. Pharmacol Res 2015; 93:52-63. [PMID: 25641403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is an endogenous signalling molecule that might play a physiologically relevant role in gastrointestinal motility. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) are two enzymes responsible for H2S production. d,l-Propargylglycine (PAG) is a CSE inhibitor whereas both aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) and hydroxylamine (HA) are CBS inhibitors. The characterization of H2S responses and its mechanism of action are crucial to define H2S function. METHODS Human colonic strips were used to investigate the role of H2S on contractility (muscle bath) and smooth muscle electrophysiology (microelectrodes). NaHS was used as a H2S donor. RESULTS Combination of PAG and AOAA depolarized the smooth muscle (5-6mV, n=4) and elicited a transient increase in tone (260.5±92.8mg, n=12). No effect was observed on neural mediated inhibitory junction potential or relaxation. In the presence of tetrodotoxin 1μM, NaHS concentration-dependently inhibited spontaneous contractions (EC50=329.2μM, n=18). This effect was partially reduced by the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ 10μM (EC50=2.6μM, n=12) and by l-NNA 1mM (EC50=1.4mM, n=8). NaHS reversibly blocked neural mediated cholinergic (EC50=2mM) and tachykinergic (EC50=5.7mM) contractions. NaHS concentration-dependently reduced the increase in spontaneous mechanical activity (AUC) induced by carbachol (EC50=1.9mM) and NKA (EC50=1.7mM AUC). CONCLUSIONS H2S might be an endogenous gasomediator regulating human colonic contractility. Its inhibitory effect is observed at high concentrations and could be mediated by a direct effect on smooth muscle with a possible synergistic effect with NO, as well as by an interaction with the cholinergic and tachykinergic neural mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez-Cutillas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Gil
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Mañé
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Clavé
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Gastroenterologia Dr Vilardell and Department of Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Gallego
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T Martin
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Jimenez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
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Gil V, Parsons S, Gallego D, Huizinga J, Jimenez M. Effects of hydrogen sulphide on motility patterns in the rat colon. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:34-50. [PMID: 23297830 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) is an endogenous gaseous signalling molecule with putative functions in gastrointestinal motility regulation. Characterization of H2 S effects on colonic motility is crucial to establish its potential use as therapeutic agent in the treatment of colonic disorders. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH H2 S effects on colonic motility were characterized using video recordings and construction of spatio-temporal maps. Microelectrode and muscle bath studies were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying H2 S effects. NaHS was used as the source of H2 S. KEY RESULTS Rhythmic propulsive motor complexes (RPMCs) and ripples were observed in colonic spatio-temporal maps. Serosal addition of NaHS concentration-dependently inhibited RPMCs. In contrast, NaHS increased amplitude of the ripples without changing their frequency. Therefore, ripples became the predominant motor pattern. Neuronal blockade with lidocaine inhibited RPMCs, which were restored after administration of carbachol. Subsequent addition of NaHS inhibited RPMCs. Luminal addition of NaHS did not modify motility patterns. NaHS inhibited cholinergic excitatory junction potentials, carbachol-induced contractions and hyperpolarized smooth muscle cells, but did not modify slow wave activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS H2 S modulated colonic motility inhibiting propulsive contractile activity and enhancing the amplitude of ripples, promoting mixing. Muscle hyperpolarization and inhibition of neurally mediated cholinergic responses contributed to the inhibitory effect on propulsive activity. H2 S effects were not related to changes in the frequency of slow wave activity originating in the network of interstitial cells of Cajal located near the submuscular plexus. Luminal H2 S did not modify colonic motility probably because of epithelial detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gil
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology/Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Farrugia G, Szurszewski JH. Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide as signaling molecules in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 2014; 147:303-13. [PMID: 24798417 PMCID: PMC4106980 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) used to be thought of simply as lethal and (for H2S) smelly gaseous molecules; now they are known to have important signaling functions in the gastrointestinal tract. CO and H2S, which are produced in the gastrointestinal tract by different enzymes, regulate smooth muscle membrane potential and tone, transmit signals from enteric nerves, and can regulate the immune system. The pathways that produce nitric oxide, H2S, and CO interact; each can inhibit and potentiate the level and activity of the other. However, there are significant differences between these molecules, such as in half-lives; CO is more stable and therefore able to have effects distal to the site of production, whereas nitric oxide and H2S are short lived and act only close to sites of production. We review their signaling functions in the luminal gastrointestinal tract and discuss how their pathways interact. We also describe other physiological functions of CO and H2S and how they might be used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianrico Farrugia
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Yamane S, Kanno T, Nakamura H, Fujino H, Murayama T. Hydrogen sulfide-mediated regulation of contractility in the mouse ileum with electrical stimulation: roles of L-cysteine, cystathionine β-synthase, and K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:112-20. [PMID: 25008073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is considered to be a signaling molecule. The precise mechanisms underlying H2S-related events, including the producing enzymes and target molecules in gastrointestinal tissues, have not been elucidated in detail. We herein examined the involvement of H2S in contractions induced by repeated electrical stimulations (ES). ES-induced contractions were neurotoxin-sensitive and increased by aminooxyacetic acid, an inhibitor of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase, but not by D,L-propargylglycine, a selective inhibitor of cystathionine γ-lyase, in an ES trial-dependent manner. ES-induced contractions were markedly decreased in the presence of L-cysteine. This response was inhibited by aminooxyacetic acid and an antioxidant, and accelerated by L-methionine, an activator of CBS. The existence of CBS was confirmed. NaHS transiently inhibited ES- and acetylcholine-induced contractions, and sustainably decreased basal tone for at least 20 min after its addition. The treatment with glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker, reduced both the L-cysteine response and NaHS-induced inhibition of contractions. The NaHS-induced decrease in basal tone was inhibited by apamin, a small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blocker. These results suggest that H2S may be endogenously produced via CBS in ES-activated enteric neurons, and regulates contractility via multiple K+ channels in the ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamane
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujino
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
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Martín-Cano FE, Camello PJ, Pozo MJ. Characterization of the motor inhibitory role of colonic mucosa under chemical stimulation in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 306:G614-21. [PMID: 24525019 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00208.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The main roles of the colonic mucosa are the absorption of water and electrolytes and the barrier function that preserves the integrity of the colonic wall. The mediators and mechanisms to accomplish these functions are under continuous investigation, but little attention has been paid to a possible control of colonic motility by the mucosa that would fine tune the relationship between absorption and motility. The purpose of this study was to establish the role of the mucosa in the control of induced colonic contractility. Young ICR-CD1 mice (3-5 mo old) were studied. Isometric tension transducers were used to record contractility in full-thickness (FT) and mucosa-free (MF) strips from proximal colon. Proximal FT strips showed lower KCl- and bethanechol-induced responses than MF strips. The difference was not due to mechanical artefacts since the contractile response of FT strips to electrical field stimulation was around 50% lower than in MF. The inhibitory effects of the mucosa on FT strips were mimicked by immersion of separate strips of mucosa in the organ bath but not by addition of mucosal extract, suggesting gaseous molecules as mediators of this effect. Incubation of MF strips with synthase inhibitors of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide abolished the inhibition caused by addition of the mucosal strip, indicating that mucosal gasotransmitters are the mediators of these effects. This suggests that the control of colonic motility exerted by the mucosa could fine tune the balance between transit and absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E Martín-Cano
- Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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di Masi A, Ascenzi P. H2S: a "double face" molecule in health and disease. Biofactors 2013; 39:186-96. [PMID: 23233276 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
H2S is a colorless, poisonous, and flammable gas with the characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. H2S is present in effluent from hydrothermal vents and sulfur springs, which have been proposed to act as "pores" in the Earth surface, providing a source of energy in the form of reducing equivalents and of iron-sulfur centers. Remarkably, H2S-producing machineries or H2S-utilization capacity remain within a great diversity of microorganisms. In particular, two classes of bacteria have been identified, that is, sulfate- and sulfur-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, both contributing to the balance of the H2S level. The human body produces H2S and uses it as a signaling molecule in several physiological processes. However, many diseases, including neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and metabolic disorders, have been linked to abnormal endogenous H2S functions and metabolism. Remarkably, in recent years, the therapeutic administration of H2S(-donors) appears relevant in the treatment of some diseases. Here, H2S metabolism, as well as its physiological and pathological roles in humans is reviewed. Furthermore, the therapeutic use of H2S is discussed.
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Liu Y, Luo H, Liang C, Xia H, Xu W, Chen J, Chen M. Actions of hydrogen sulfide and ATP-sensitive potassium channels on colonic hypermotility in a rat model of chronic stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55853. [PMID: 23405222 PMCID: PMC3566119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential role of hydrogen sulphide (H(2)S) and ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels in chronic stress-induced colonic hypermotility. METHODS Male Wistar rats were submitted daily to 1 h of water avoidance stress (WAS) or sham WAS (SWAS) for 10 consecutive days. Organ bath recordings, H(2)S production, immunohistochemistry and western blotting were performed on rat colonic samples to investigate the role of endogenous H(2)S in repeated WAS-induced hypermotility. Organ bath recordings and western blotting were used to detect the role of K(ATP) channels in repeated WAS. RESULTS Repeated WAS increased the number of fecal pellets per hour and the area under the curve of the spontaneous contractions of colonic strips, and decreased the endogenous production of H(2)S and the expression of H(2)S-producing enzymes in the colon devoid of mucosa and submucosa. Inhibitors of H(2)S-producing enzymes increased the contractile activity of colonic strips in the SWAS rats. NaHS concentration-dependently inhibited the spontaneous contractions of the strips and the NaHS IC(50) for the WAS rats was significantly lower than that for the SWAS rats. The inhibitory effect of NaHS was significantly reduced by glybenclamide. Repeated WAS treatment resulted in up-regulation of Kir6.1 and SUR2B of K(ATP) channels in the colon devoid of mucosa and submucosa. CONCLUSION The colonic hypermotility induced by repeated WAS may be associated with the decreased production of endogenous H(2)S. The increased expression of the subunits of K(ATP) channels in colonic smooth muscle cells may be a defensive response to repeated WAS. H(2)S donor may have potential clinical utility in treating chronic stress-induced colonic hypermotility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Chengbo Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingkai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Chen X, Chen M, Hu G, Ma J, Pan J, Hu L, Lin G. Assessment of Effects of Chronic Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning on Cytochrome P450 Isoforms Activity of Rats by Cocktail Approach. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:1627-33. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Xiaole Chen
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Mengchun Chen
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Guoxin Hu
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Jianchun Pan
- Analytical and Testing Center of Wenzhou Medical University
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.R.China
| | - Lufeng Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Guanyang Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
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Gil V, Gallego D, Moha Ou Maati H, Peyronnet R, Martínez-Cutillas M, Heurteaux C, Borsotto M, Jiménez M. Relative contribution of SKCa and TREK1 channels in purinergic and nitrergic neuromuscular transmission in the rat colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012; 303:G412-23. [PMID: 22636169 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00040.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Purinergic and nitrergic neurotransmission predominantly mediate inhibitory neuromuscular transmission in the rat colon. We studied the sensitivity of both purinergic and nitrergic pathways to spadin, a TWIK-related potassium channel 1 (TREK1) inhibitor, apamin, a small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel blocker and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-α]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a specific inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase. TREK1 expression was detected by RT-PCR in the rat colon. Patch-clamp experiments were performed on cells expressing hTREK1 channels. Spadin (1 μM) reduced currents 1) in basal conditions 2) activated by stretch, and 3) with arachidonic acid (AA; 10 μM). l-Methionine (1 mM) or l-cysteine (1 mM) did not modify currents activated by AA. Microelectrode and muscle bath studies were performed on rat colon samples. l-Methionine (2 mM), apamin (1 μM), ODQ (10 μM), and N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA; 1 mM) depolarized smooth muscle cells and increased motility. These effects were not observed with spadin (1 μM). Purinergic and nitrergic inhibitory junction potentials (IJP) were studied by incubating the tissue with l-NNA (1 mM) or MRS2500 (1 μM). Both purinergic and nitrergic IJP were unaffected by spadin. Apamin reduced both IJP with a different potency and maximal effect for each. ODQ concentration dependently abolished nitrergic IJP without affecting purinergic IJP. Similar effects were observed in hyperpolarizations induced by sodium nitroprusside (1 μM) and nitrergic relaxations induced by electrical stimulation. We propose a pharmacological approach to characterize the pathways and function of purinergic and nitrergic neurotransmission. Nitrergic neurotransmission, which is mediated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate, is insensitive to spadin, an effective TREK1 channel inhibitor. Both purinergic and nitrergic neurotransmission are inhibited by apamin but with different relative sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gil
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Pouokam E, Diener M. Modulation of ion transport across rat distal colon by cysteine. Front Physiol 2012; 3:43. [PMID: 22403551 PMCID: PMC3291876 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the actions of stimulation of endogenous production of H(2)S by cysteine, the substrate for the two H(2)S-producing enzymes, cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase, on ion transport across rat distal colon. Changes in short-circuit current (Isc) induced by cysteine were measured in Ussing chambers. Free cysteine caused a concentration-dependent, transient fall in Isc, which was sensitive to amino-oxyacetate and β-cyano-L-alanine, i.e., inhibitors of H(2)S-producing enzymes. In contrast, Na cysteinate evoked a biphasic change in Isc, i.e., an initial fall followed by a secondary increase, which was also reduced by these enzyme inhibitors. All responses were dependent on the presence of Cl(-) and inhibited by bumetanide, suggesting that free cysteine induces an inhibition of transcellular Cl(-) secretion, whereas Na cysteinate - after a transient inhibitory phase - activates anion secretion. The assumed reason for this discrepancy is a fall in the cytosolic pH induced by free cysteine, but not by Na cysteinate, as observed in isolated colonic crypts loaded with the pH-sensitive dye, BCECF. Intracellular acidification is known to inhibit epithelial K(+) channels. Indeed, after preinhibition of basolateral K(+) channels with tetrapentylammonium or Ba(2+), the negative Isc induced by free cysteine was reduced significantly. In consequence, stimulation of endogenous H(2)S production by Na cysteinate causes, after a short inhibitory response, a delayed activation of anion secretion, which is missing in the case of free cysteine, probably due to the cytosolic acidification. In contrast, diallyl trisulfide, which is intracellularly converted to H(2)S, only evoked a monophasic increase in Isc without the initial fall observed with Na cysteinate. Consequently, time course and amount of produced H(2)S seem to strongly influence the functional response of the colonic epithelium evoked by this gasotransmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervice Pouokam
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University Giessen Giessen, Germany
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Olson KR. The therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide: separating hype from hope. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011; 301:R297-312. [PMID: 21543637 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00045.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has become the hot new signaling molecule that seemingly affects all organ systems and biological processes in which it has been investigated. It has also been shown to have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions and proapoptotic and anti-apoptotic effects and has even been reported to induce a hypometabolic state (suspended animation) in a few vertebrates. The exuberance over potential clinical applications of natural and synthetic H(2)S-"donating" compounds is understandable and a number of these function-targeted drugs have been developed and show clinical promise. However, the concentration of H(2)S in tissues and blood, as well as the intrinsic factors that affect these levels, has not been resolved, and it is imperative to address these points to distinguish between the physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological effects of this molecule. This review will provide an overview of H(2)S metabolism, a summary of many of its reported "physiological" actions, and it will discuss the recent development of a number of H(2)S-donating drugs that show clinical potential. It will also examine some of the misconceptions of H(2)S chemistry that have appeared in the literature and attempt to realign the definition of "physiological" H(2)S concentrations upon which much of this exuberance has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46617, USA.
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