1
|
Corraliza-Gorjón I, Somovilla-Crespo B, Santamaria S, Garcia-Sanz JA, Kremer L. New Strategies Using Antibody Combinations to Increase Cancer Treatment Effectiveness. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1804. [PMID: 29312320 PMCID: PMC5742572 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies have proven their high value in antitumor therapy over the last two decades. They are currently being used as the first-choice to treat some of the most frequent metastatic cancers, like HER2+ breast cancers or colorectal cancers, currently treated with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and bevacizumab (Avastin), respectively. The impressive therapeutic success of antibodies inhibiting immune checkpoints has extended the use of therapeutic antibodies to previously unanticipated tumor types. These anti-immune checkpoint antibodies allowed the cure of patients devoid of other therapeutic options, through the recovery of the patient’s own immune response against the tumor. In this review, we describe how the antibody-based therapies will evolve, including the use of antibodies in combinations, their main characteristics, advantages, and how they could contribute to significantly increase the chances of success in cancer therapy. Indeed, novel combinations will consist of mixtures of antibodies against either different epitopes of the same molecule or different targets on the same tumor cell; bispecific or multispecific antibodies able of simultaneously binding tumor cells, immune cells or extracellular molecules; immunomodulatory antibodies; antibody-based molecules, including fusion proteins between a ligand or a receptor domain and the IgG Fab or Fc fragments; autologous or heterologous cells; and different formats of vaccines. Through complementary mechanisms of action, these combinations could contribute to elude the current limitations of a single antibody which recognizes only one particular epitope. These combinations may allow the simultaneous attack of the cancer cells by using the help of the own immune cells and exerting wider therapeutic effects, based on a more specific, fast, and robust response, trying to mimic the action of the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Corraliza-Gorjón
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Somovilla-Crespo
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Santamaria
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Garcia-Sanz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Kremer
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mota LAM, Roberto Neto J, Monteiro VG, Lobato CSS, Oliveira MAD, Cunha MD, D'Ávila H, Seabra SH, Bozza PT, DaMatta RA. Culture of mouse peritoneal macrophages with mouse serum induces lipid bodies that associate with the parasitophorous vacuole and decrease their microbicidal capacity against Toxoplasma gondii. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:767-74. [PMID: 25317704 PMCID: PMC4238769 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid bodies [lipid droplets (LBs)] are lipid-rich organelles involved in lipid metabolism, signalling and inflammation. Recent findings suggest a role for LBs in host response to infection; however, the potential functions of this organelle in Toxoplasma gondii infection and how it alters macrophage microbicidal capacity during infection are not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of host LBs in T. gondii infection in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Macrophages cultured with mouse serum (MS) had higher numbers of LBs than those cultured in foetal bovine serum and can function as a model to study the role of LBs during intracellular pathogen infection. LBs were found in association with the parasitophorous vacuole, suggesting that T. gondii may benefit from this lipid source. Moreover, increased numbers of macrophage LBs correlated with high prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and decreased nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Accordingly, LB-enriched macrophages cultured with MS were less efficient at controlling T. gondii growth. Treatment of macrophages cultured with MS with indomethacin, an inhibitor of PGE2 production, increased the microbicidal capacity against T. gondii. Collectively, these results suggest that culture with MS caused a decrease in microbicidal activity of macrophages against T. gondii by increasing PGE2 while lowering NO production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Azeredo Miranda Mota
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - João Roberto Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Verônica Gomes Monteiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Caroliny Samary Silva Lobato
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marco Antonio de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maura da Cunha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Heloisa D'Ávila
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Seabra
- Laboratório de Tecnologia em Bioquímica e Microscopia, Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Renato Augusto DaMatta
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuang Y, Weng X, Liu X, Zhu H, Chen Z, Jiang B, Chen H. Anti-tumor immune response induced by dendritic cells transduced with truncated PSMA IRES 4-1BBL recombinant adenoviruses. Cancer Lett 2010; 293:254-62. [PMID: 20149524 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulation of receptor-ligand pairs during interaction of a peptide-bound MHC complex on dendritic cells (DCs) with cognate TCR may amplify, sustain, and drive diversity in the ensuing T cell immune response. Members of the TNF ligand superfamily and the TNFR superfamily contribute to this costimulatory molecule signaling. In the present study, we used replication deficient adenoviruses to introduce a tumor-associated Ag (a truncated human prostate-specific membrane antigen (tPSMA)) and the T cell costimulatory molecule 4-1BBL into murine DCs, and observed the ability of these recombinant DCs to elicit tPSMA-directed T-cell responses in vitro and anti-tumor immunity to RM-1-tPSMA in a murine tumor model. Infection of DCs with Ad-tPSMA-IRES-m4-1BBL induced tPSMA-specific proliferative responses and up-regulated CD80 and CD86 s signaling molecules. The cytotoxic T lymphocytes activated by the Ad-tPSMA-IRES-m4-1BBL-transfected DCs showed significantly higher IFN-gamma production and cytotoxicity against the RM-1 cells transfected with tPSMA. Moreover, vaccination of mice with Ad-tPSMA-IRES-m4-1BBL-transfected DCs induced a potent protective and therapeutic anti-tumor immunity to RM-1-tPSMA in a tumor model. These results demonstrated that development of DCs engineered to express tPSMA and 4-1BBL by recombinant adenovirus-mediated gene transfer may offer a new strategy for prostate cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youlin Kuang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
McCullough KC, Summerfield A. Targeting the porcine immune system--particulate vaccines in the 21st century. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 33:394-409. [PMID: 18771683 PMCID: PMC7103233 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, the propagation of immunological knowledge describing the critical role of dendritic cells (DC) in the induction of efficacious immune responses has promoted research and development of vaccines systematically targeting DC. Based on the promise for the rational design of vaccine platforms, the current review will provide an update on particle-based vaccines of both viral and synthetic origin, giving examples of recombinant virus carriers such as adenoviruses and biodegradable particulate carriers. The viral carriers carry pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), used by the original virus for targeting DC, and are particularly efficient and versatile gene delivery vectors. Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. The emphasis of this review will be placed on targeting the porcine immune system, but reference will be made to advances with murine and human vaccine delivery systems where information on DC targeting is available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C McCullough
- Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
An oral TLR7 agonist is a potent adjuvant of DNA vaccination in transgenic mouse tumor models. Cancer Gene Ther 2008; 16:462-72. [PMID: 18989354 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2008.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vivo electroporation of plasmid DNA (DNA-EP) is an efficient and safe method for vaccines resulting in increased DNA uptake, enhanced protein expression and increased immune responses to the target antigen in a variety of species. To further enhance the efficacy of DNA-EP, we have evaluated the toll-like receptor7 (TLR7) agonist-2, 9, substituted 8-hydroxyadenosine derivative or SM360320--as an adjuvant to vaccines against HER2/neu and CEA in BALB-neuT and CEA transgenic mice (CEA.Tg), respectively. SM360320 induced in vivo secretion of interferon alpha (IFNalpha) and exerted a significant antitumor effect in CEA.Tg mice challenged with a syngenic tumor cell line expressing CEA and an additive effect with a CEA vaccine. Additionally, combination of SM360320 with plasmid encoding the extracellular and transmembrane domain of ratHER2/neu affected the spontaneous tumor progression in BALB-neuT mice treated in an advanced disease setting. The antitumor effect in mice treated with DNA-EP and SM360320 was associated with an anti-CEA and anti-p185(neu) antibody isotype switch from IgG1 to IgG2a. These data demonstrate that SM360320 exerts significant antitumor effects and can act in association with DNA-EP for CEA-positive colon cancer and HER2-positive mammary carcinoma. These observations therefore emphasize the potential of SM360320 as immunological adjuvant for therapeutic DNA vaccines.
Collapse
|
6
|
SPAS-1 (stimulator of prostatic adenocarcinoma-specific T cells)/SH3GLB2: A prostate tumor antigen identified by CTLA-4 blockade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:3509-14. [PMID: 18303116 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0712269105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of immunologically relevant antigens in prostate cancer forms the basis for developing more potent active immunotherapy. We report here a strategy using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model, which allows for the functional identification of immunogenic prostate tumor antigens with relevance for human immunotherapy. Using a combination of active tumor vaccination in the presence of CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) in vivo blockade, we elicited tumor-specific T cells used to expression clone the first T cell-defined TRAMP tumor antigen, called Spas-1 (stimulator of prostatic adenocarcinoma specific T cells-1). Spas-1 expression was increased in advanced primary TRAMP tumors. We show that the immunodominant SPAS-1 epitope SNC9-H(8) arose from a point mutation in one allele of the gene in TRAMP tumor cells, and that immunization with dendritic cells pulsed with SNC9-H(8) peptide resulted in protection against TRAMP-C2 tumor challenge. In humans, the Spas-1 ortholog SH3GLB2 has been reported to be overexpressed in prostate cancer metastases. Additionally, we identified a nonmutated HLA-A2-binding epitope in the human ortholog SH3GLB2, which primed T cells from healthy HLA-A2(+) individuals in vitro. Importantly, in vitro-primed T cells also recognized naturally processed and presented SH3GLB2. Our findings demonstrate that our in vivo CTLA-4 blockade-based T cell expression cloning can identify immunogenic cancer antigens with potential relevance for human immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Differential uptake and processing of a Haemophilus influenzae P5-derived immunogen by chinchilla dendritic cells. Infect Immun 2007; 76:967-77. [PMID: 18160476 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01395-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells involved in the initiation and modulation of immune responses after immunization via their ability to process and present antigen to naive T cells. We wanted to examine the role of DCs in the development of protective immunity against nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI)-induced experimental otitis media (OM) after intranasal immunization of chinchillas with an NTHI P5-derived synthetic peptide immunogen called LB1. As chinchilla DCs have not been described, we adapted well-established protocols to induce the differentiation of chinchilla bone marrow precursor cells into DCs, which resulted in cells that were morphologically and phenotypically similar to DCs of other species. In vitro, chinchilla DCs readily internalized LB1, upregulated expression of the maturation markers CD80 and major histocompatibility complex class II, and presented processed LB1 to primed CD3+ T cells, which resulted in antigen-specific T-cell proliferation. In vivo, LB1-activated DCs trafficked from the chinchilla nasal cavity primarily to the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues and were detected in close proximity to CD3+ T cells within this lymphoid aggregate. These data are the first to characterize chinchilla DCs and their functional properties. Furthermore, they suggest an important role for chinchilla DCs in the development of protective immunity against experimental NTHI-induced OM after intranasal immunization.
Collapse
|
8
|
Harui A, Roth MD, Sanghvi M, Vira D, Mizuguchi H, Basak SK. Centrifugation enhances integrin-mediated transduction of dendritic cells by conventional and RGD-modified adenoviral vectors. J Immunol Methods 2006; 312:94-104. [PMID: 16626731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 02/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The level of antigen loading can impact on the capacity for dendritic cells (DC) to activate T cell responses. Several different approaches to adenoviral (Ad)-based transduction were therefore assessed for their effect on both transgene expression and T cell activation. While a conventional E1(-)/E3Delta Ad vector (Ad/GFP) produced a concentration-dependent expression of GFP, a modified vector expressing Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid (RGD) sequence on its fiber knob (Ad-RGD/GFP) enhanced transgene expression by 9-20-fold at each MOI. The addition of centrifugal force (2000xg) during DC transduction with Ad/GFP also increased expression up to 20-fold. However, combining centrifugation with the Ad-RGD/GFP vector produced no effect on transduction rate and only a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in GFP expression, suggesting overlapping mechanisms of action. Consistent with this, exogenous RGD peptide blocked transduction regardless of the vector used, or the addition of centrifugal force, and transduction was primarily limited to DC expressing the CD51 integrin receptor. Ad vectors expressing ovalbumin (OVA) were used to assess transduced DC for their capacity to activate OVA-specific T cells. We observed a significant relationship between transgene expression and the capacity for T cell activation regardless of whether transgene expression was increased by using a higher MOI, an RGD-modified vector, or by employing centrifugal force. Furthermore, combining these approaches produced synergistic effects on T cell activation. We conclude that RGD-modified vectors and centrifugation both enhance DC transduction by increasing entry via integrin receptors and that the capacity for T cell activation can be optimized by combining approaches to achieve the highest possible level of transgene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Airi Harui
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles CA 90095-1690, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|