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Reales G, Rovaris DL, Jacovas VC, Hünemeier T, Sandoval JR, Salazar-Granara A, Demarchi DA, Tarazona-Santos E, Felkl AB, Serafini MA, Salzano FM, Bisso-Machado R, Comas D, Paixão-Côrtes VR, Bortolini MC. A tale of agriculturalists and hunter-gatherers: Exploring the thrifty genotype hypothesis in native South Americans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 163:591-601. [PMID: 28464262 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine genetic differences between agriculturalist and hunter-gatherer southern Native American populations for selected metabolism-related markers and to test whether Neel's thrifty genotype hypothesis (TGH) could explain the genetic patterns observed in these populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS 375 Native South American individuals from 17 populations were genotyped using six markers (APOE rs429358 and rs7412; APOA2 rs5082; CD36 rs3211883; TCF7L2 rs11196205; and IGF2BP2 rs11705701). Additionally, APOE genotypes from 39 individuals were obtained from the literature. AMOVA, main effects, and gene-gene interaction tests were performed. RESULTS We observed differences in allele distribution patterns between agriculturalists and hunter-gatherers for some markers. For instance, between-groups component of genetic variance (FCT ) for APOE rs429358 showed strong differences in allelic distributions between hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists (p = 0.00196). Gene-gene interaction analysis indicated that the APOE E4/CD36 TT and APOE E4/IGF2BP2 A carrier combinations occur at a higher frequency in hunter-gatherers, but this combination is not replicated in archaic (Neanderthal and Denisovan) and ancient (Anzick, Saqqaq, Ust-Ishim, Mal'ta) hunter-gatherer individuals. DISCUSSION A complex scenario explains the observed frequencies of the tested markers in hunter-gatherers. Different factors, such as pleotropic alleles, rainforest selective pressures, and population dynamics, may be collectively shaping the observed genetic patterns. We conclude that although TGH seems a plausible hypothesis to explain part of the data, other factors may be important in our tested populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reales
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego L Rovaris
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Jacovas
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tábita Hünemeier
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Sandoval
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Darío A Demarchi
- Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline B Felkl
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele A Serafini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francisco M Salzano
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Bisso-Machado
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario Diversidad Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Tacuarembó, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - David Comas
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de La Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa R Paixão-Côrtes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Shelton JMG, Corran P, Risley P, Silva N, Hubbart C, Jeffreys A, Rowlands K, Craik R, Cornelius V, Hensmann M, Molloy S, Sepulveda N, Clark TG, Band G, Clarke GM, Spencer CCA, Kerasidou A, Campino S, Auburn S, Tall A, Ly AB, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Sakuntabhai A, Djimdé A, Maiga B, Touré O, Doumbo OK, Dolo A, Troye-Blomberg M, Mangano VD, Verra F, Modiano D, Bougouma E, Sirima SB, Ibrahim M, Hussain A, Eid N, Elzein A, Mohammed H, Elhassan A, Elhassan I, Williams TN, Ndila C, Macharia A, Marsh K, Manjurano A, Reyburn H, Lemnge M, Ishengoma D, Carter R, Karunaweera N, Fernando D, Dewasurendra R, Drakeley CJ, Riley EM, Kwiatkowski DP, Rockett KA. Genetic determinants of anti-malarial acquired immunity in a large multi-centre study. Malar J 2015; 14:333. [PMID: 26314886 PMCID: PMC4552443 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies report associations between human genetic factors and immunity to malaria but few have been reliably replicated. These studies are usually country-specific, use small sample sizes and are
not directly comparable due to differences in methodologies. This study brings together samples and data collected from multiple sites across Africa and Asia to use standardized methods to look for consistent genetic effects on anti-malarial antibody levels. Methods Sera, DNA samples and clinical data were collected from 13,299 individuals from ten sites in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, and Sri Lanka using standardized methods. DNA was extracted and typed for 202 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with known associations to malaria or antibody production, and antibody levels to four clinical grade malarial antigens [AMA1, MSP1, MSP2, and (NANP)4] plus total IgE were measured by ELISA techniques. Regression models were used to investigate the associations of clinical and genetic factors with antibody levels. Results Malaria infection increased levels of antibodies to malaria antigens and, as expected, stable predictors of anti-malarial antibody levels included age, seasonality, location, and ethnicity. Correlations between antibodies to blood-stage antigens AMA1, MSP1 and MSP2 were higher between themselves than with antibodies to the (NANP)4 epitope of the pre-erythrocytic circumsporozoite protein, while there was little or no correlation with total IgE levels. Individuals with sickle cell trait had significantly lower antibody levels to all blood-stage antigens, and recessive homozygotes for CD36 (rs321198) had significantly lower anti-malarial antibody levels to MSP2. Conclusion Although the most significant finding with a consistent effect across sites was for sickle cell trait, its effect is likely to be via reducing a microscopically positive parasitaemia rather than directly on antibody levels. However, this study does demonstrate a framework for the feasibility of combining data from sites with heterogeneous malaria transmission levels across Africa and Asia with which to explore genetic effects on anti-malarial immunity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0833-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M G Shelton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Patrick Corran
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK. .,National Institute for Biological Standards and Controls, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Paul Risley
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Controls, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Nilupa Silva
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Controls, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Christina Hubbart
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Anna Jeffreys
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Kate Rowlands
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Rachel Craik
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Victoria Cornelius
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Meike Hensmann
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sile Molloy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Nuno Sepulveda
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
| | - Taane G Clark
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
| | - Gavin Band
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Geraldine M Clarke
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Christopher C A Spencer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Angeliki Kerasidou
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, The Ethox Centre, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Susana Campino
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Sarah Auburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
| | - Adama Tall
- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, BP 220, Dakar, Senegal.
| | - Alioune Badara Ly
- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, BP 220, Dakar, Senegal.
| | - Odile Mercereau-Puijalon
- Parasite Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France.
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, URA3012, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France.
| | - Abdoulaye Djimdé
- Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, Malaria Research and Training Center, USTTB, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Boubacar Maiga
- Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, Malaria Research and Training Center, USTTB, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Ousmane Touré
- Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, Malaria Research and Training Center, USTTB, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Ogobara K Doumbo
- Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, Malaria Research and Training Center, USTTB, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Amagana Dolo
- Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, Malaria Research and Training Center, USTTB, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Marita Troye-Blomberg
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20B, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Valentina D Mangano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Frederica Verra
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - David Modiano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Edith Bougouma
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Sodiomon B Sirima
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Muntaser Ibrahim
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ayman Hussain
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Nahid Eid
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Abier Elzein
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Hiba Mohammed
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ahmed Elhassan
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ibrahim Elhassan
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Medical Sciences Campus, Qasser Street, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Thomas N Williams
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, CGMRC, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya. .,Department of Medicine, Imperial College, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Carolyne Ndila
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, CGMRC, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya.
| | - Alexander Macharia
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, CGMRC, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya.
| | - Kevin Marsh
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, CGMRC, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya.
| | - Alphaxard Manjurano
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK. .,Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Hugh Reyburn
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK. .,Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Martha Lemnge
- National Institute for Medical Research, Ocean Road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Deus Ishengoma
- National Institute for Medical Research, Ocean Road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Richard Carter
- Division of Biological Sciences, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK.
| | - Nadira Karunaweera
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Deepika Fernando
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Rajika Dewasurendra
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Christopher J Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK. .,Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Eleanor M Riley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK. .,Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Dominic P Kwiatkowski
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK. .,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Kirk A Rockett
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK. .,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
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8
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Tomaz FMMB, da Cruz Furini AA, Capobianco MP, Póvoa MM, Trindade PCA, Fraga VD, Conceição LM, de Azevedo LR, Oliani SM, Cassiano GC, Cavasini CE, Dos Santos SEB, Machado RLD. Humoral immune responses against the malaria vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium vivax AMA-1 and IL-4 gene polymorphisms in individuals living in an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon. Cytokine 2015; 74:273-8. [PMID: 25922277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have recently demonstrated that the immune responses against malaria is governed by different factors, including the genetic components of the host. The IL-4 gene appears to be a strong candidate factor because of its role in the regulation of the Th2 response. The present study investigated the role of IL-4 polymorphisms in the development of IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1 and the IL-4 levels in individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax in a malaria endemic area in the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS The study sample included 83 patients who were diagnosed with P. vivax infection using thick smear and confirmed by nested-PCR. The IL-4 -590C>T and IL-4 -33C>T polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP, and the intron 3 VNTR was genotyped by PCR. A standardised ELISA protocol was used to measure the total IgG against PvAMA-1. The cytokine/chemokine levels were measured using a Milliplex multiplex assay (Millipore). All of the subjects were genotyped with 48 ancestry informative markers to determine the proportions of African, European and Amerindian ancestry using STRUCTURE software. RESULTS Of the 83 patients, 60 (73%) produced IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1. A significant decrease in the percentage of respondents was observed among the primo-infected individuals. No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of genotypes and haplotypes among individuals who were positive or negative for IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1. Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between the IL-4 polymorphisms, antibody levels, IL-4 levels, and parasitemia. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the polymorphisms identified in the IL-4 gene are not likely to play a role in the regulation of the antibody response against PvAMA-1 and IL-4 production in vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Maira Moreira Batista Tomaz
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Antônia da Cruz Furini
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Petrolini Capobianco
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | | | - Pamella Cristina Alves Trindade
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Daltibari Fraga
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Moran Conceição
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Ribeiro de Azevedo
- Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Sônia Maria Oliani
- Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Capatti Cassiano
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Eugênio Cavasini
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Microorganism Research Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, MS/SVS, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
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