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Sugiyama Y, Kawarai S, Ansai S, Bist P, Abraham SN, Maruo T. Cutaneous anaphylactoid reaction to polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:263-272. [PMID: 38111025 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (HCO ethoxylates) is a nonionic surfactant used as an excipient for ointments and injections in human and veterinary drugs. Several polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives can be obtained depending on the number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO). HCO ethoxylates have the potential to cause anaphylactoid reactions. There is little published information about these types of reactions in dogs. OBJECTIVE To determine the potential for HCO-ethoxylate-containing drugs to cause anaphylactoid reactions in dogs, employing intradermal testing (IDT) with various concentrations of HCO ethoxylates (HCO-25, -40, -60 and -80). ANIMALS Four healthy male laboratory dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed IDT with drugs containing HCO ethoxylates and HCO ethoxylates alone to determine threshold concentrations. The IDT scores and threshold concentrations were compared. Analysis of skin biopsies from IDT sites was used to measure the percentage of degranulated mast cells. The effect of histamine at IDT sites was investigated by pre-treatment with an antihistamine. RESULTS All HCO-ethoxylate-containing drugs caused a wheal-and-flare reaction. The threshold concentrations (0.001% and 0.00001%) of each HCO-ethoxylate depended on the number of moles of EO (p < 0.05). Mast cell degranulation was enhanced by all HCO ethoxylates. The HCO-60-induced reaction was suppressed by an oral antihistamine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The threshold concentration can serve as a consideration for developing safe new drug formulations and for clinical decision-making around using drugs containing PEG derivatives. IDT is useful to predict the risk of adverse effects. Antihistamines could demonstrate a prophylactic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukina Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sugiyama Veterinary Clinic, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kawarai
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ansai
- Division of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Nippon Medical School, Musashi Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Pradeep Bist
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Takuya Maruo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Banovic F, Vargo C, Denley T. Effect of glycerin on immediate cutaneous reactions of histamine (positive) and phosphate-buffered saline (negative) controls in intradermal skin testing of healthy dogs: A randomised, blinded study. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:348-354. [PMID: 36938838 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycerinated allergen extracts contain 50% glycerin, an excellent preservative. While glycerin is a recognised irritant in humans, the utility of glycerinated extracts for intradermal testing has not been validated in dogs. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE To determine and compare the effects of glycerin on immediate cutaneous reactions to intradermal injections of histamine and saline in healthy dogs. ANIMALS Eight healthy laboratory beagles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was designed as a randomised, blinded study. Intradermal injections of histamine (positive control) and saline (negative control) in aqueous and glycerinated (50%) forms were performed on the right thorax. Global wheal scores (GWS) at 20 min were evaluated by two independent investigators blinded to the interventions. RESULTS There were no wheal and flare reactions observed after the intradermal injections of phenolated saline. By contrast, 50% glycerosaline injections induced erythema and induration in all dogs. Global wheal scores were significantly higher in aqueous histamine (Friedman test, p < 0.0001) and 50% glycerinated histamine (Friedman test, p = 0.0084) compared to phenolated saline controls. Interestingly, only aqueous histamine (Friedman test, p = 0.01) had significantly higher GWS than 50% glycerosaline injections, while no significant difference in GWS between 50% glycerinated histamine and 50% glycerosaline groups was observed (Friedman test, p = 0.59). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates that intradermal injection of 50% glycerosaline induces erythema and induration skin reactions in healthy dogs that can mimic positive reactions to allergenic extracts. Further dilutions of glycerinated positive and negative control solutions need to be optimised for intradermal testing in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheryl Vargo
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Tara Denley
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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3
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Stability, Permeability and Cytotoxicity of Buccal Films in Allergy Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081633. [PMID: 36015259 PMCID: PMC9415683 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucoadhesive systems, such as polymer films, are among innovative pharmaceutical products. These systems can be applied in swallowing problems and can also be used in geriatrics and paediatrics. In our earlier work, we successfully formulated buccal mucoadhesive polymer films, which contained cetirizine-hydrochloride (CTZ) as the API. The present study focused on investigating the stability and permeability of the prepared films. The stability of the films was studied with an accelerated stability test. During the stability test, thickness, breaking hardness and in vitro mucoadhesivity were analysed. Furthermore, the interactions were studied with FT-IR spectroscopy, and the changes in the amount of the API were also monitored. Cytotoxicity and cell line permeability studies were carried out on TR 146 buccal cells. Compositions that can preserve more than 85% of the API after 6 months were found. Most of the compositions had a high cell viability of more than 50%. Citric acid (CA) decreased the stability and reduced every physical parameter of the films. However, cell line studies showed that the permeability of the films was enhanced. In our work, we successfully formulated CTZ-containing buccal films with adequate stability, high cell viability and appropriate absorption properties.
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Bruet V, Mosca M, Briand A, Bourdeau P, Pin D, Cochet-Faivre N, Cadiergues MC. Clinical Guidelines for the Use of Antipruritic Drugs in the Control of the Most Frequent Pruritic Skin Diseases in Dogs. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9040149. [PMID: 35448647 PMCID: PMC9030482 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus is a common clinical sign in many skin disorders and is currently the main complaint in canine dermatology. Pruritic skin diseases can affect the quality of life of dogs and their owners. Several families of antipruritic drugs are available to help control pruritus in dogs. The aim of this review is to help practitioners select the most appropriate symptomatic treatment in the most frequent situations of dermatological pruritus in dogs. The molecules reviewed here are systemic and topical glucocorticoids, antihistamines, ciclosporin, oclacitinib and lokivetmab. A level of evidence (1, 2 or 3) has been established according to a detailed algorithm for each individual study in the literature published between 1990 and March 2021. The guidelines result from evidence grading using the strength of recommendation taxonomy (SoRT) and clinical recommendations using a thorough methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Bruet
- Veterinary Dermatology Referral Services, 44100 Nantes, France;
| | - Marion Mosca
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cells Environment, UPSP 2016.A104, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France; (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Amaury Briand
- Department of Dermatology, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (A.B.); (N.C.-F.)
| | - Patrick Bourdeau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, ENVN (Oniris) Université de Nantes, 44307 Nantes, France;
| | - Didier Pin
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cells Environment, UPSP 2016.A104, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France; (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Noëlle Cochet-Faivre
- Department of Dermatology, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (A.B.); (N.C.-F.)
- UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie-Christine Cadiergues
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, 31076 Toulouse, France
- INFINITy, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-561-193268
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Canning P, Brame B, Stefanovski D, Lee KW, Cain CL, Rook K, Morris DO. Multivariable analysis of the influence of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant inhibition and other factors on intradermal and serological allergen test results: a prospective, multicentre study. Vet Dermatol 2021; 32:347-e96. [PMID: 34105194 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serological allergen testing (SAT) is used widely to formulate allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dogs. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E specific for cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) can produce false-positive reactions, creating discrepancy between SAT and intradermal allergen test (IDAT) results. OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to determine if inhibition of anti-CCD IgE in a commercial assay improved correlation with IDAT. The secondary objective was to assess the influence of dog- and clinic-specific factors, environmental factors, putative allergen exposure and prior medications on intradermal and SAT reactivity. ANIMALS Two-hundred and eleven client-owned dogs were enrolled from eight North American dermatology specialty practices. METHODS AND MATERIALS Collection of serum samples and IDAT were performed on the same day. Sera were assayed for detection of IgE specific to 25 allergens, before and after treatment with a proprietary inhibitor of anti-CCD IgE. Data for each dog were collected via a questionnaire filled out by veterinary personnel. RESULTS The correlation between the testing modalities was fair before (Spearman's rho, ρ = 0.2092) and after (ρ = 0.3042) inhibition of anti-CCD IgE. Ciclosporin dose (P = 0.003), independent of duration of use, and duration of lokivetmab use (P = 0.001), independent of dose administered, were associated with statistically significant decreases in IgE concentrations across all allergen types. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Contrary to previous reports, this study demonstrated unchanged correlation between SAT and IDAT after inhibition of anti-CCD IgE. Ciclosporin dose and lokivetmab treatment duration may have unexplored effects on IgE concentration during SAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Canning
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bailey Brame
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 W Street Road, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA
| | - Kenneth W Lee
- Stallergenes Greer Laboratories, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC, 28645, USA
| | - Christine L Cain
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Katherine Rook
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel O Morris
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Odunayo A, Nash KJ, Davidow EB, Blois SL, Goy-Thollot I, Harris L, Humm K, Musulin S, Sharp CR, Spada E, Thomason J, Walton J, Jane Wardrop K. Association of Veterinary Hematology and Transfusion Medicine (AVHTM) transfusion reaction small animal consensus statement (TRACS). Part 3: Diagnosis and treatment. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2021; 31:189-203. [PMID: 33751797 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review available evidence to develop guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of transfusion-associated reactions in dogs and cats. DESIGN Standardized and systemic evaluation of the literature (identified through Medline via PubMed and Google Scholar searches) was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. The available evidence was evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) questions generated for each reaction type. The evidence was categorized by level of evidence (LOE) and quality (Good, Fair, or Poor). Guidelines, diagnostic, and treatment algorithms were generated based on the evaluation of the evidence. Consensus on the final guidelines was achieved through Delphi-style surveys. Draft recommendations were disseminated through veterinary specialty listservs for review and comments, which were evaluated and integrated prior to final publication. RESULTS Medline via PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched. There were 14 Population Intervention Comparison Outcome questions identified and corresponding worksheets were developed focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of transfusion-associated reactions in dogs and cats. Fourteen guidelines and four algorithms were developed with a high degree of consensus. CONCLUSIONS This systematic evidence evaluation process yielded recommended diagnostic and treatment algorithms for use in practice. However, significant knowledge gaps were identified, demonstrating the need for additional research in veterinary transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adesola Odunayo
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Katherine J Nash
- VetMED Emergency and Specialty Veterinary Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Davidow
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Shauna L Blois
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | - Karen Humm
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Sarah Musulin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claire R Sharp
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eva Spada
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - John Thomason
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - K Jane Wardrop
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Banovic F, Denley T, Blubaugh A, Scheibe I, Lemo N, Papich MG. Effect of diphenhydramine and cetirizine on immediate and late-phase cutaneous allergic reactions in healthy dogs: a randomized, double-blinded crossover study. Vet Dermatol 2020; 31:256-e58. [PMID: 31899570 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is insufficient evidence to confirm oral diphenhydramine (DPH) efficacy to prevent mast cell degranulation and histamine release in dogs. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE To determine and compare the effects oral of DPH and cetirizine on the immediate- and late-phase cutaneous allergic reactions in healthy dogs. ANIMALS Twelve healthy laboratory beagle dogs. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study was designed as a randomized, double-blinded crossover study in which each dog served as its own control; twice-daily oral DPH (2.2 mg/kg) or cetirizine (2 mg/kg) were given for six days with a two week washout period. Intradermal injections of histamine, compound 48/80 (positive control) and saline (negative control) were performed on the right thorax 10 days before drug administration (baseline), during oral antihistamine administration on Day 6 and 10 days after last medication dosage. Global wheal scores (GWS) at 20 min and late-phase reactions (LPR) at 6 h post-injection were evaluated by an investigator blinded to the drug and the interventions. RESULTS Treatment with cetirizine significantly reduced histamine and compound 48/80 GWS and LPR compared to baseline; there was no significant difference for DPH. In all dogs, oral DPH and cetirizine reached plasma concentrations considered therapeutic in people. No adverse effect or behavioural changes were observed during the study. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, oral cetirizine was effective in preventing cutaneous allergic reactions without any obvious adverse effects in dogs. Oral DPH failed to show an inhibitory effect despite attaining plasma drug concentrations that are considered effective in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tara Denley
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Amanda Blubaugh
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ileia Scheibe
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Niksa Lemo
- Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Mark G Papich
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
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Knych HK, Weiner D, Steinmetz S, Flynn K, McKemie DS. Pharmacokinetics of hydroxyzine and cetirizine following oral administration of hydroxyzine to exercised Thoroughbred horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2019; 42:617-623. [PMID: 31490561 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyzine is a first-generation antihistamine and cetirizine, a second-generation antihistamine and active metabolite of hydroxyzine. Hydroxyzine is commonly used in performance horses and as such its use in closely regulated; however, there are no published studies suitable for establishing appropriate regulatory recommendations. In the current study, 12 exercised Thoroughbred research horses received a single oral administration of 500 mg of hydroxyzine. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to and up to 96 hr postdrug administration and concentrations of hydroxyzine and cetirizine determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A joint parent/metabolite population 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order absorption and elimination was utilized to describe the pharmacokinetics of both compounds. Serum hydroxyzine and cetirizine concentrations were above the limit of quantitation (0.1 ng/ml) of the assay at 96 hr (the last time point sampled). The terminal half-life was 7.41 and 7.13 hr for hydroxyzine and cetirizine, respectively. Findings from this study suggest that a prolonged withdrawal time should be observed if this compound is used in performance administered to performance horses and is classified as prohibited substance by the applicable regulatory body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Knych
- K.L. Maddy Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Veterinary Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Daniel Weiner
- Pharmacometrics Consultant, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stacy Steinmetz
- K.L. Maddy Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Katherine Flynn
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Animal Health Branch, Sacramento, California
| | - Daniel S McKemie
- K.L. Maddy Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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9
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Banovic F, Denley T, Blubaugh A. Dose-dependent pruritogenic and inflammatory effects of intradermal injections of histamine, compound 48/80 and anti-canine IgE in healthy dogs. Vet Dermatol 2019; 30:325-e91. [PMID: 31038263 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scratching behaviours associated with intradermal (i.d.) injection of pruritogens such as histamine and compound 48/80 into the skin of mice and humans is the commonly used model to advance itch research and drug development. The predictive validity of this model is poorly documented in dogs. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the dose-dependent effects of pruritogenic substances, each with a different mechanism of action, in healthy dogs. ANIMALS Ten healthy laboratory beagles. METHODS AND MATERIALS All dogs were video-recorded for 30 min post-injection (mpi) of i.d. goat anti-canine IgE (4 and 25 μg/site), histamine and compound 48/80 (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/site); two buffered saline injections served as controls. Two blinded investigators reviewed the pruritic behaviours of all video recordings. Global wheal scores were evaluated at 30 min by a blinded investigator. RESULTS All dogs showed wheal and erythema at the pruritogen injection site; global wheal scores at 30 min of each substance significantly increased at all concentrations compared to control (P ≤ 0.05). A blinded evaluation revealed that all pruritogens induced mild acute pruritic behaviours at the site of injection. There was no injection site pain seen in any dog. Compared to controls, injections of pruritogens did not significantly affect the pruritic seconds or occurrence of pruritic episodes for any of the substances. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These preliminary results suggest that i.d. injections of the studied pruritogens can induce cutaneous wheal and flare response in healthy dogs; but inconsistencies occur in the induction of itch, even with the different concentrations of pruritogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tara Denley
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Amanda Blubaugh
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Ehling S, Bäumer W, Papich MG. Diphenhydramine pharmacokinetics after oral and intravenous administration of diphenhydramine and oral administration of dimenhydrinate to healthy dogs, and pharmacodynamic effect on histamine‐induced wheal formation: a pilot study. Vet Dermatol 2019; 30:91-e24. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ehling
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27606 USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Koserstrasse 20 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bäumer
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27606 USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Koserstrasse 20 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Mark G. Papich
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27606 USA
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11
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Yasumasu T. Momentary giant T-waves hint the genesis of the electrocardiographic T-wave in human. J Arrhythm 2018; 34:640-642. [PMID: 30555608 PMCID: PMC6288603 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T-wave morphology changes are linked to dispersion of ventricular repolarization. I encountered an 80-year-old man on hemodialysis manifesting momentary giant T-waves and QT prolongation on the 12-lead electrocardiogram, soon after initiating mechanical ventilation because of hypercapnic respiratory failure. A computed tomography of the brain showed no acute cerebrovascular accidents. An echocardiogram showed no left ventricular asynergy. Mechanisms that may be responsible for this phenomenon are discussed. Interpreting the giant T-waves with the concept of the three bipolar limb lead vectors, the Einthoven's triangle leads to recognize origin of the electrocardiographic T-wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiya Yasumasu
- Department of CardiologySaiseikai Yahata General HospitalKitakyushuJapan
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12
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Ekstrand C, Ingvast-Larsson C, Bondesson U, Hedeland M, Olsén L. Cetirizine per os: exposure and antihistamine effect in the dog. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:77. [PMID: 30477556 PMCID: PMC6258303 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cetirizine is an antihistamine used in dogs, but plasma concentrations in relation to effect after oral administration are not well studied. This study investigated cetirizine exposure and the plasma cetirizine concentration-antihistamine response relation in the dog following oral administration of cetirizine. RESULTS Eight Beagle dogs were included in a cross-over study consisting of two treatments. In treatment one, cetirizine 2-4 mg/kg was administered per os once daily for 3 days. The other treatment served as a control. Wheal diameter induced by intra-dermal histamine injections served as response-biomarker. Cetirizine plasma concentration was quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS. Median (range) cetirizine plasma terminal half-life was 10 h (7.9-16.5). Cetirizine significantly inhibited wheal formation compared with the premedication baseline. Maximum inhibition of wheal formation after treatment with cetirizine per os was 100% compared with premedication wheal diameter. The median (range) IC50-value for reduction in wheal area was 0.33 µg/mL (0.07-0.45). The median (range) value for the sigmoidicity factor was 1.8 (0.8-3.5). A behavioral study was also conducted and revealed no adverse effects, such as sedation. CONCLUSION The results indicate that a once-daily dosing regimen of 2-4 mg/kg cetirizine per os clearly provides a sufficient antihistamine effect. Based on this experimental protocol, cetirizine may be an option to treat histamine-mediated inflammation in the dog based on this experimental protocol but additional clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Ekstrand
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carina Ingvast-Larsson
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Bondesson
- Department of Chemistry, Environment and Feed Hygiene, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hedeland
- Department of Chemistry, Environment and Feed Hygiene, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Olsén
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Nursing, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Gedon NKY, Mueller RS. Atopic dermatitis in cats and dogs: a difficult disease for animals and owners. Clin Transl Allergy 2018; 8:41. [PMID: 30323921 PMCID: PMC6172809 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-018-0228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review article is to give an overview of atopic dermatitis in companion animals and of recent developments including knowledge on immunological background, novel treatment options and difficulties in disease management. The prevalence of hypersensitivities seems to be increasing. The pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully understood, yet multiple gene abnormalities and altered immunological processes are involved. In dogs and cats, the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is based on history, clinical examination and exclusion of other differential diagnoses. Intradermal testing or testing for serum allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E is only used to identify allergens for inclusion in the extract for allergen immunotherapy. Symptomatic therapy includes glucocorticoids, ciclosporin, essential fatty acids and antihistamines. A selective janus kinase 1 inhibitor and a caninized monoclonal interleukin-31 antibody are the newest options for symptomatic treatment, although longterm effects still need to be assessed. The chronic and often severe nature of the disease, the costly diagnostic workup, frequent clinical flares and lifelong treatment are challenging for owners, pets and veterinarians. Patience and excellent communication skills are needed to achieve a good owner compliance and satisfactory clinical outcome for the animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Katharina Yvonne Gedon
- Small Animal Medicine Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Veterinaerstraße 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Steffen Mueller
- Small Animal Medicine Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Veterinaerstraße 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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14
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Direct coupling of electromembrane extraction to mass spectrometry - Advancing the probe functionality toward measurements of zwitterionic drug metabolites. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 983:121-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hsiao YH, Chen C, Willemse T. Effects of cetirizine in dogs with chronic atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:549-553. [PMID: 27297415 PMCID: PMC5204033 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.4.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cetirizine in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) while fulfilling Favrot's diagnostic clinical criteria. Dogs received either 3 mg/kg cetirizine (n = 27), or a placebo (n = 23) orally once daily for 14 days in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study, without concomitant medication. The effects were evaluated using a pruritus visual analog scale at the start (day 0) and at day 14. After 14 days, cetirizine clearly had no effect on the pruritus in dogs with chronic AD, and there was no significant difference between groups. These findings indicated that cetirizine (and likely H1 histamine receptor antagonists in general) should not be recommended for the control of pruritus in dogs with long term allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ton Willemse
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Olivry T, Dunston SM, Favrot C, Prélaud P, Tsukui T. The novel high molecular weight Dermatophagoides farinae protein Zen-1 is a major allergen in North American and European mite allergic dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2016; 28:177-e38. [PMID: 28261917 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dogs with hypersensitivity to Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) have IgE recognizing high molecular weight (MW) allergens more often than the low MW Der f 1 and 2. A new high MW Df allergen, Zen-1, has been identified recently. OBJECTIVES To determine the IgE reactivity of American and European Df-hypersensitive dogs to Zen-1, Der f 1 and Der f 2. METHODS We tested sera from 33 Df-reactive dogs from the USA, 29 from Europe and 15 experimentally sensitized to Df, by ELISA against crude Df, Der f 1, Der f 2 and Zen-1. ELISA inhibition was performed with sera reactive to Zen-1. Intradermal testing (IDT) was also done with the same allergens in 25 other American atopic dogs. RESULTS Altogether, IgE seropositivity to Zen-1 was more prevalent (86%) than that to Der f 1 (17%) or Der f 2 (19%). The IgE reactivity to Zen-1 was correlated to that against crude Df; this allergen alone inhibited a high percentage (median: 50%; range: 22-84%) of the binding to the crude mite extract. The seropositivity to low MW allergens was highest in experimentally sensitized dogs. Serum IgE recognition of Der f 1 was low in dogs with AD; that to Der f 2 was significantly lower in American dogs (6%) than in European ones (28%). A high prevalence of positive immediate IDT reactions to Zen-1 confirmed the likely relevance of serological results. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study establishes Zen-1 as a major allergen in atopic dogs sensitized to Df.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Stanley M Dunston
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Claude Favrot
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Dermatology Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Prélaud
- Clinique Vétérinaire Advetia, 5 Rue Dubrunfaut, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Toshiroh Tsukui
- Animal Life Science Laboratories, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Corporation (Zenoaq), 1-1 Tairanoue, Sasagawa, Asaka-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-0196, Japan
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Olivry T, Paps JS, Dunston SM. Proof of concept of the preventive efficacy of high-dose recombinant mono-allergen immunotherapy in atopic dogs sensitized to theDermatophagoides farinaeallergen Der f 2. Vet Dermatol 2016; 28:183-e40. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; NC State University; 1060 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute; NC State University; Raleigh NC 27606 USA
| | - Judy S. Paps
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; NC State University; 1060 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Stanley M. Dunston
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; NC State University; 1060 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
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Saridomichelakis MN, Olivry T. An update on the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis. Vet J 2015; 207:29-37. [PMID: 26586215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease seen in veterinary clinical practice. Several factors appear to contribute to the cutaneous inflammation and pruritus. The therapeutic strategy should focus on control of those factors that can be identified and for which interventional measures are feasible; these include ectoparasites, bacterial/fungal infection and dietary hypersensitivity. Ectoparasites, particularly fleas, are not the cause of atopic dermatitis, but they are a confounding factor, which can exacerbate pruritus, and preventative measures are therefore indicated. Bacterial and yeast infections are frequently associated with atopic dermatitis and initial systemic and/or topical therapy should be considered, followed by regular topical treatment for preventing relapse. Concurrent dietary hypersensitivity should be investigated by undertaking an elimination/provocation trial, followed by feeding of a hypoallergenic diet where appropriate. Depending on the severity of the clinical signs of atopic dermatitis and the willingness and expectations of owners, symptomatic treatment and/or specific interventional therapy for environmental allergy (allergen avoidance, allergen-specific immunotherapy) may be implemented. Symptomatic treatment includes use of glucocorticoids (systemically or topically), ciclosporin and oclacitinib. Other treatment modalities of lower or less proven efficacy include antihistamines, dextromethorphan, fatty acids, feline interferon-omega, misoprostol, pentoxifylline, specific serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressant drugs. The therapeutic approach should be reviewed at regular intervals and tailored to the individual's needs. A successful long-term outcome can usually be achieved by combining the various treatment approaches in a way that maximises their benefits and minimises their drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolis N Saridomichelakis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Trikalon Str. 224, Karditsa GR-43100, Greece.
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Papich MG, Martinez MN. Applying Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Criteria to Predict Oral Absorption of Drugs in Dogs: Challenges and Pitfalls. AAPS JOURNAL 2015; 17:948-64. [PMID: 25916691 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-015-9743-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) has been a prognostic tool for assessing the potential effects of formulation on the human drug oral bioavailability. When used in conjunction with in vitro dissolution tests, the BCS can support the prediction of in vivo product performance and the development of mechanistic models that support formulation assessments through the generation of "what if" scenarios. To date, the applicability of existing human BCS criteria has not been evaluated in dogs, thereby limiting its use in canine drug development. Therefore, we examined 50 drugs for which absolute bioavailability (F) was available both in dogs and humans. The drugs were also evaluated for any potential association between solubility (calculated from the dose number, Do) or lipophilicity (LogP) and F in dogs. In humans, solubility is determined in 250 mL of fluid. However, the appropriate volume for classifying drug solubility in dogs has not been established. In this analysis, the estimated volume of a water flush administered to fasted dogs (6 mL) and a volume of 250 mL scaled to a Beagle dog (35 mL) were examined. In addition, in humans, a Do value greater than 1.0 is used to define a compound as highly soluble and a LogP value greater than 1.72 as high permeability. These same criteria were applied for defining highly soluble and highly permeable in dogs. Whether using 35 or 6 mL to determine Do, the canine solubility classification remained unchanged for all but seven compounds. There were no clear associations between a drug's F in dogs and humans or between the canine value of F and either its human BCS classification, its LogP value, or the canine Do estimate. There was a tendency for those drugs with canine values of F equal to or greater than 80% to have LogP values equal to or greater than 1.0. Exceptions to this observation tended to be those compounds known to be absorbed via mechanisms other than passive diffusion (e.g., via transporters or paracellular transporters). Although there are limitations to the approach used in this study, the results of our assessment strongly suggest that the human BCS classification system requires substantial modification before it can be reliably applied to dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Papich
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA,
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Marcia Murphy K, Olivry T. The influence of mometasone furoate ear solution on intradermal test immediate reactions in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2014; 26:31-4, e9-10. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Marcia Murphy
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; 1052 William Moore Drive Raleigh NC 27607 USA
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Neverman L, Weinberger M. Treatment of chronic urticaria in children with antihistamines and cyclosporine. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2014; 2:434-8. [PMID: 25017532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic idiopathic urticaria, daily hives that last >6 weeks, can be resistant to antihistamines, even when higher than conventional doses are used. Other pharmacologic agents have been associated with inconsistent benefit. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship of clinical characteristics and the presence of autoimmune antibodies to antihistamine resistance in children. We further examined the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine in children whose urticaria was resistant to antihistamine. METHODS Patients referred to the pediatric allergy and pulmonary specialty clinic at the University of Iowa Children's Hospital and diagnosed as having chronic idiopathic urticaria were identified during the period from August 2008 to July 2013. A retrospective examination of treatment and outcome was performed. RESULTS Forty-six patients, 26 female patients and 20 male patients, with chronic idiopathic urticaria were identified. The ages of 16 patients who were antihistamine resistant ranged from 9 to 18 years (median, 12.5 years). Those patients who were antihistamine responsive had a median age of 6 years, significantly lower than those who were antihistamine resistant (P = .0001). There was no significant association between autoimmune antibodies and antihistamine resistance. All the patients who were antihistamine resistant were treated with cyclosporine; all experienced complete resolution of urticaria at times that ranged from 2 days to 3 months (median, 7 days). Relapses responsive to repeated cyclosporine occurred in 5 of the patients after 1 week to 15 months (median, 6 months). Adverse effects were not seen in these patients. CONCLUSION Our data were consistent with efficacy and safety of cyclosporine for chronic urticaria in children when even high doses of antihistamines are ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Neverman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Miles Weinberger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa.
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Olivry T, Saridomichelakis M. Evidence-based guidelines for anti-allergic drug withdrawal times before allergen-specific intradermal and IgE serological tests in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24:225-e49. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manolis Saridomichelakis
- Clinic of Medicine; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Thessaly; Trikalon 224; GR-43100; Karditsa; Greece
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Bäumer W, Stahl J, Sander K, Petersen LJ, Paps J, Stark H, Kietzmann M, Olivry T. Lack of preventing effect of systemically and topically administered histamine H1 or H4 receptor antagonists in a dog model of acute atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:577-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Olivry T, Wofford J, Paps JS, Dunston SM. Stratum corneum removal facilitates experimental sensitization to mite allergens in atopic dogs. Vet Dermatol 2010; 22:188-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kang SW, Jang HJ, Moore VS, Park JY, Kim KA, Youm JR, Han SB. Enantioselective determination of cetirizine in human plasma by normal-phase liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:3351-7. [PMID: 21081290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Kang
- Department of Analytical Research Service, International Scientific Standards Ltd. A Battelle Company, Chuncheon 200-161, Republic of Korea
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Olivry T, DeBoer DJ, Favrot C, Jackson HA, Mueller RS, Nuttall T, Prélaud P. Treatment of canine atopic dermatitis: 2010 clinical practice guidelines from the International Task Force on Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2010; 21:233-48. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bizikova P, Linder KE, Paps J, Olivry T. Effect of a novel topical diester glucocorticoid spray on immediate- and late-phase cutaneous allergic reactions in Maltese-beagle atopic dogs: a placebo-controlled study. Vet Dermatol 2010; 21:70-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00782.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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