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Oliveira-Ferreira C, Leuzinger-Dias M, Tavares-Ferreira J, Silva SE, Brandão E, Falcão-Reis F, Rocha-Sousa A. Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 40:574-577. [PMID: 31718366 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2019.1688840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sérgio Estrela Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Oporto, Portugal.,Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisete Brandão
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Oporto, Portugal
| | - F Falcão-Reis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Oporto, Portugal.,Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amândio Rocha-Sousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Oporto, Portugal.,Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Increased expression of P-cadherin is an indicator of poor prognosis in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 179:301-313. [PMID: 31664550 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Saeidian AH, Vahidnezhad H, Youssefian L, Sotudeh S, Sargazi M, Zeinali S, Uitto J. Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy: Combination of whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide homozygosity mapping identifies a large deletion in CDH3 initially undetected by whole-exome sequencing-A lesson from next-generation sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e975. [PMID: 31560841 PMCID: PMC6825862 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by abnormal growth of scalp hair and juvenile macular degeneration leading to blindness. We have explored the genetic basis of HJMD in a large consanguineous family with 12 affected patients, 1-76 years of age, with characteristic phenotypes. METHODS We first applied genome-wide homozygosity mapping to 10 affected individuals for linkage analysis to identify the genomic region of the defective gene. All affected individuals shared a 7.2 Mb region of homozygosity on chromosome 16q21-22.3, which harbored 298 genes, including CDH3, previously associated with HJMD. However, whole-exome sequencing (WES) failed to identify the causative mutation in CDH3. RESULTS Further investigation revealed a missense variant in a gene closely linked to CDH3 (1.4 Mb distance: FHOD1: c.1306A>G, p.Arg436Gly). This variant was homozygous in all affected individuals and heterozygous in 18 out of 19 obligate carriers. While this variant was found by bioinformatics predictions to be likely pathogenic, a knock-in mouse for this variant, made by the CRISPR/Cas, showed no disease phenotype. However, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we were able to identify a novel Alu recombination-mediated deletion in CDH3:c.del161-811_246 + 1,044. CONCLUSION WGS was able to identify a deep intronic deletion mutation, not detected by WES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Sotudeh
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Sargazi
- Alzahra Eye Hospital Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ahmed A, Almohanna H, Griggs J, Tosti A. Genetic Hair Disorders: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2019; 9:421-448. [PMID: 31332722 PMCID: PMC6704196 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-019-0313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair loss in early childhood represents a broad differential diagnosis which can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for a physician. It is important to consider the diagnosis of a genetic hair disorder. Genetic hair disorders are a large group of inherited disorders, many of which are rare. Genetic hair abnormalities in children can be an isolated phenomenon or part of genetic syndromes. Hair changes may be a significant finding or even the initial presentation of a syndrome giving a clue to the diagnosis, such as Netherton syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. Detailed history including family history and physical examination of hair and other ectodermal structures such as nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands with the use of dermoscopic devices and biopsy all provide important clues to establish the correct diagnosis. Understanding the pathophysiology of genetic hair defects will allow for better comprehension of their treatment and prognosis. For example, in patients with an isolated hair defect, the main problem is aesthetic. In contrast, when the hair defect is associated with a syndrome, the prognosis will depend mainly on the associated condition. Treatment of many genetic hair disorders is focused on treating the primary cause and minimizing trauma to the hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad General Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Hind Almohanna
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jacob Griggs
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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CDH3 gene related hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy - A case with a novel mutation. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2017; 7:129-133. [PMID: 29260097 PMCID: PMC5722150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal-recessive entity characterized by congenital sparse scalp hair and macular dystrophy, leading to severe central visual loss. We report a family with HJMD caused by a novel CDH3 gene mutation and review the mutation spectrum in HJMD. A detailed phenotypic assessment for patients whose molecular results were reported previously is also summarized. Observations We present a 13-year-old Turkish girl who experienced gradual bilateral visual deterioration with marked hair loss. Hair-pull test results and scalp skin texture were normal. The eyebrows and eyelashes were normal, and no abnormality in the teeth, nails, or limbs was detected. Fundus examination revealed bilateral ring-shaped atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium with patchy intraretinal pigment clumping at the posterior pole. DNA sequencing analysis detected a novel homozygous deletion (c.447_467del (p.149_156del)) in exon 5 of the CDH3 gene of the patient. Both healthy parents and an older brother were heterozygous for the mutation. Conclusions and importance This case of HJMD was related to a novel homozygous mutation, termed c.447_467del (p.149_156del). These findings have significance for the future mutational analysis and genetic counseling of families with HJMD, particularly in our region. The presence of sparse hair in childhood, with or without limb anomalies, should alert clinicians to request an eye consultation. Pediatricians, dermatologists, and ophthalmologists should be aware of the rarely seen entity of juvenile macular dystrophy with hypotrichosis.
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Blanco-Kelly F, Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva L, Sanchez-Navarro I, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Lopez-Martinez MA, Corton M, Ayuso C. New CDH3 mutation in the first Spanish case of hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy, a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:1. [PMID: 28061825 PMCID: PMC5219735 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background CDH3 on 16q22.1 is responsible for two rare autosomal recessive disorders with hypotrichosis and progressive macular dystrophy: Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy and Ectodermal Dysplasia, Ectrodactyly and Macular Dystrophy. We present a new case of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Case presentation A Spanish male born in 1998 from non-consanguineous healthy parents with a suspected diagnosis of Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans and Retinitis Pigmentosa Inversa referred to our Genetics Department (IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz). Molecular study of ABCA4 was performed, and a heterozygous missense p.Val2050Leu variant in ABCA4 was found. Clinical revision reclassified this patient as Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Therefore, further CDH3 sequencing was performed showing a novel maternal missense change p.Val205Met (probably pathogenic by in silico analysis), and a previously reported paternal frameshift c.830del;p.Gly277Alafs*20, thus supporting the clinical diagnosis.. Conclusions This is not only the first Spanish case with this clinical and molecular diagnosis, but a new mutation has been described in CDH3. Moreover, this work reflects the importance of joint assessment of clinical signs and evaluation of pedigree for a correct genetic study approach and diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luciana Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker Sanchez-Navarro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Lopez-Martinez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Genomics and Genetics, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Av. Reyes Católicos n° 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Khan AO, Bolz HJ. Phenotypic observations in "hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy" (recessive CDH3 mutations). Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 37:301-6. [PMID: 26885695 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1071411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recessive mutations in CDH3 cause "hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy," typically recognized by the presence of prominent dermatological features. We report novel phenotypic observations and associated mutations in four patients from three families, including one who did not have frank hypotrichosis. METHODS Retrospective case series (2010-2014). RESULTS Four affected individuals from three consanguineous Arabian families were identified. All four subjects (two sisters and two unrelated males; 5, 13, 17, and 26 years old) had homozygous recessive CDH3 mutations not previously associated with the condition (c.307C>T; p.R103 in two sisters, c.1859_1862delCTCT in both unrelated males). Symptomatic visual loss was since birth or early childhood. One male subject did not have frank hypotrichosis, but review of symptoms revealed relatively slow hair growth and an inability to conceive children. None had dental or digital findings, although one female noted slow nail growth. All had a circumscribed central maculopathy with borders that did not respect posterior pole horizontal arterioles (typically extending beyond the major arcades) and associated with polygonal pigment clumping. Recognition of this pattern led us to suspect the diagnosis in the male without frank hypotrichosis. Retinal dysfunction was cone-rod (rather than macular only) by ERG in one patient, who developed severe central macular atrophy and a macular hole. CONCLUSIONS Ophthalmologists should consider the diagnosis of CDH3-related retinopathy in individuals with such clinical features whether or not there is frank hypotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif O Khan
- a Eye Institute , Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates.,b Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanno J Bolz
- b Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.,c Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia , Ingelheim , Germany.,d Institute of Human Genetics , University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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Vieira AF, Paredes J. P-cadherin and the journey to cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:178. [PMID: 26438065 PMCID: PMC4595126 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
P-cadherin is a classical cell-to-cell adhesion molecule with a homeostatic function in several normal tissues. However, its behaviour in the malignant setting is notably dependent on the cellular context. In some tumour models, such as melanoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma, P-cadherin acts as a tumour suppressor, since its absence is associated with a more aggressive cancer cell phenotype; nevertheless, the overexpression of this molecule is linked to significant tumour promoting effects in the breast, ovarian, prostate, endometrial, skin, gastric, pancreas and colon neoplasms. Herein, we review the role of P-cadherin in cancer cell invasion, as well as in loco-regional and distant metastatic dissemination. We focus in P-cadherin signalling pathways that are activated to induce invasion and metastasis, as well as cancer stem cell properties. The signalling network downstream of P-cadherin is notably dependent on the cellular and tissue context and includes the activation of integrin molecules, receptor tyrosine kinases, small molecule GTPases, EMT transcription factors, and crosstalk with other cadherin family members. As new oncogenic molecular pathways mediated by P-cadherin are uncovered, putative therapeutic options can be tested, which will allow for the targeting of invasion or metastatic disease, depending on the tumour model.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Filipe Vieira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, N. 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Paredes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, N. 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Mutations in Known Retinal Disease Genes in 33 out of 68 Israeli Families with Inherited Retinopathies. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13187. [PMID: 26306921 PMCID: PMC4549705 DOI: 10.1038/srep13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a powerful technique for identifying sequence changes in the human genome. The goal of this study was to delineate the genetic defects in patients with inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) using WES. WES was performed on 90 patient DNA samples from 68 families and 226 known genes for IRDs were analyzed. Sanger sequencing was used to validate potential pathogenic variants that were also subjected to segregation analysis in families. Thirty-three causative mutations (19 novel and 14 known) in 25 genes were identified in 33 of the 68 families. The vast majority of mutations (30 out of 33) have not been reported in the Israeli and the Palestinian populations. Nine out of the 33 mutations were detected in additional families from the same ethnic population, suggesting a founder effect. In two families, identified phenotypes were different from the previously reported clinical findings associated with the causative gene. This is the largest genetic analysis of IRDs in the Israeli and Palestinian populations to date. We also demonstrate that WES is a powerful tool for rapid analysis of known disease genes in large patient cohorts.
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Samuelov L, Sprecher E, Paus R. The role of P-cadherin in skin biology and skin pathology: lessons from the hair follicle. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:761-71. [PMID: 25707507 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are one of the major intercellular junctions in various epithelia including the epidermis and the follicular epithelium. AJs connect the cell surface to the actin cytoskeleton and comprise classic transmembrane cadherins, such as P-cadherin, armadillo family proteins, and actin microfilaments. Loss-of-function mutations in CDH3, which encodes P-cadherin, result in two allelic autosomal recessive disorders: hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) and ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, and macular dystrophy (EEM) syndromes. Both syndromes feature sparse hair heralding progressive macular dystrophy. EEM syndrome is characterized in addition by ectodermal and limb defects. Recent studies have demonstrated that, together with its involvement in cell-cell adhesion, P-cadherin plays a crucial role in regulating cell signaling, malignant transformation, and other major intercellular processes. Here, we review the roles of P-cadherin in skin and hair biology, with emphasize on human hair growth, cycling and pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Samuelov
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 64239, Israel,
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