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Shaheen R, Maddirevula S, Ewida N, Alsahli S, Abdel-Salam GMH, Zaki MS, Tala SA, Alhashem A, Softah A, Al-Owain M, Alazami AM, Abadel B, Patel N, Al-Sheddi T, Alomar R, Alobeid E, Ibrahim N, Hashem M, Abdulwahab F, Hamad M, Tabarki B, Alwadei AH, Alhazzani F, Bashiri FA, Kentab A, Şahintürk S, Sherr E, Fregeau B, Sogati S, Alshahwan SAM, Alkhalifi S, Alhumaidi Z, Temtamy S, Aglan M, Otaify G, Girisha KM, Tulbah M, Seidahmed MZ, Salih MA, Abouelhoda M, Momin AA, Saffar MA, Partlow JN, Arold ST, Faqeih E, Walsh C, Alkuraya FS. Genomic and phenotypic delineation of congenital microcephaly. Genet Med 2019; 21:545-552. [PMID: 30214071 PMCID: PMC6986385 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital microcephaly (CM) is an important birth defect with long term neurological sequelae. We aimed to perform detailed phenotypic and genomic analysis of patients with Mendelian forms of CM. METHODS Clinical phenotyping, targeted or exome sequencing, and autozygome analysis. RESULTS We describe 150 patients (104 families) with 56 Mendelian forms of CM. Our data show little overlap with the genetic causes of postnatal microcephaly. We also show that a broad definition of primary microcephaly -as an autosomal recessive form of nonsyndromic CM with severe postnatal deceleration of occipitofrontal circumference-is highly sensitive but has a limited specificity. In addition, we expand the overlap between primary microcephaly and microcephalic primordial dwarfism both clinically (short stature in >52% of patients with primary microcephaly) and molecularly (e.g., we report the first instance of CEP135-related microcephalic primordial dwarfism). We expand the allelic and locus heterogeneity of CM by reporting 37 novel likely disease-causing variants in 27 disease genes, confirming the candidacy of ANKLE2, YARS, FRMD4A, and THG1L, and proposing the candidacy of BPTF, MAP1B, CCNH, and PPFIBP1. CONCLUSION Our study refines the phenotype of CM, expands its genetics heterogeneity, and informs the workup of children born with this developmental brain defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sateesh Maddirevula
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Ewida
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alsahli
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada M H Abdel-Salam
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saeed Al Tala
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic Unit, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayt, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen Softah
- King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Alazami
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Abadel
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisha Patel
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarfa Al-Sheddi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Alomar
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alobeid
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niema Ibrahim
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mais Hashem
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdous Abdulwahab
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muddathir Hamad
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alwadei
- Pediatric Neurology Department, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alhazzani
- Pediatrics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Bashiri
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Kentab
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serdar Şahintürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Elliott Sherr
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brieana Fregeau
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Samira Sogati
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali M Alshahwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Samia Temtamy
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Aglan
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Otaify
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University (currently Manipal Academy of Higher Education), Manipal, India
| | - Maha Tulbah
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology king Faisal specialist hospital and research center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mustafa A Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouelhoda
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaque A Momin
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muna Al Saffar
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer N Partlow
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Flusser H, Halperin D, Kadir R, Shorer Z, Shelef I, Birk OS. Novel SBF1 splice-site null mutation broadens the clinical spectrum of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B3 disease. Clin Genet 2018; 94:473-479. [PMID: 30039846 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four siblings of consanguineous Bedouin kindred presented at infancy with an autosomal recessive syndrome of congenital microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, strabismus, developmental delay and ataxia with positive pyramidal signs. Toward the end of their first decade, they developed areflexia, multiple cranial neuropathies and severe polyneuropathy with progressive muscle weakness, affecting proximal and distal extremities. Physical assessment exhibited kyphoscoliosis, bilateral syndactyly and distal muscle wasting with drop-foot and pes cavus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed profound cerebellar atrophy with highly unique findings at the pontine and mesencephalic levels, previously described as "fork and bracket" signs. Genome-wide linkage analysis identified a single ~1.5 Mbp disease-associated locus on chromosome 22q13.33. Whole exome sequencing identified a single novel homozygous deleterious splice-site mutation within this locus in SET binding factor 1 (SBF1). SBF1 missense mutations were shown to underlie Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) type 4B3 disease, a rare autosomal recessive subtype of CMT4. The novel SBF1 null mutation highlights distinct severe phenotypic manifestations, broadening the clinical spectrum of SBF1-related neuropathies: cerebellar and pyramidal signs evident in the first months of life with peripheral polyneuropathy emerging only toward the end of the first decade, together with unique MRI findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Flusser
- Zussman Child Development Center, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - D Halperin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - R Kadir
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Z Shorer
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - I Shelef
- Department of Imaging, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - O S Birk
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Genetics Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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4
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Manole A, Horga A, Gamez J, Raguer N, Salvado M, San Millán B, Navarro C, Pittmann A, Reilly MM, Houlden H. SBF1 mutations associated with autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with cranial nerve involvement. Neurogenetics 2016; 18:63-67. [PMID: 28005197 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-016-0505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic mutations in the SBF1 gene have been identified in one family with demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT4B3) and two families with axonal neuropathy and additional neurological and skeletal features. Here we describe novel sequence variants in SBF1 (c.1168C>G and c.2209_2210del) as the potential causative mutations in two siblings with severe axonal neuropathy, hearing loss, facial weakness and bulbar features. Pathogenicity of these variants is supported by co-segregation and in silico analyses and evolutionary conservation. Our findings suggest that SBF1 mutations may cause a syndromic form of autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy (AR-CMT2) in addition to CMT4B3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Manole
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Alejandro Horga
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Josep Gamez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-135, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nuria Raguer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Salvado
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-135, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz San Millán
- Department of Neuropathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- Department of Neuropathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alan Pittmann
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
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Liška F, Chylíková B, Janků M, Šeda O, Vernerová Z, Pravenec M, Křen V. Splicing mutation in Sbf1 causes nonsyndromic male infertility in the rat. Reproduction 2016; 152:215-23. [PMID: 27335132 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the inbred SHR/OlaIpcv rat colony, we identified males with small testicles and inability to reproduce. By selectively breeding their parents, we revealed the infertility to segregate as an autosomal recessive Mendelian character. No other phenotype was observed in males, and females were completely normal. By linkage using a backcross with Brown Norway strain, we mapped the locus to a 1.2Mbp segment on chromosome 7, harboring 35 genes. Sequencing of candidate genes revealed a G to A substitution in a canonical 'AG' splice site of intron 37 in Sbf1 (SET binding factor 1, alias myotubularin-related protein 5). This leads to either skipping exon 38 or shifting splicing one base downstream, invariantly resulting in frameshift, premature stop codon and truncation of the protein. Western blotting using two anti-Sbf1 antibodies revealed absence of the full-length protein in the mutant testis. Testicles of the mutant males were significantly smaller compared with SHR from 4weeks, peaked at 84% wild-type weight at 6weeks and declined afterward to 28%, reflecting massive germ cell loss. Histological examination revealed lower germ cell number; latest observed germ cell stage were round spermatids, resulting in the absence of sperm in the epididymis (azoospermia). SBF1 is a member of a phosphatase family lacking the catalytical activity. It probably modulates the activity of a phosphoinositol phosphatase MTMR2. Human homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for missense SBF1 mutations exhibit Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (manifested mainly as progressive neuropathy), while a single mouse knockout reported in the literature identified male infertility as the only phenotype manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Liška
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Chylíková
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Janků
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Šeda
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic Laboratory of Rat Models of Metabolic DisordersDivision BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Vernerová
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and ChildThird Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pravenec
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Biology and Medical GeneticsFirst Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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