1
|
Uliana V, Ambrosini E, Taiani A, Cesarini S, Cannizzaro IR, Negrotti A, Serra W, Quintavalle G, Micale L, Fusco C, Castori M, Martorana D, Bortesi B, Belli L, Percesepe A, Pisani F, Barili V. Phenotypic Expansion of Autosomal Dominant LZTR1-Related Disorders with Special Emphasis on Adult-Onset Features. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:916. [PMID: 39062695 PMCID: PMC11276570 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leucine zipper-like transcription regulator 1 (LZTR1) acts as a negative factor that suppresses RAS function and MAPK signaling; mutations in this protein may dysregulate RAS ubiquitination and lead to impaired degradation of RAS superfamily proteins. Germline LZTR1 variants are reported in Noonan syndrome, either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, and in susceptibility to schwannomatosis. This article explores the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the autosomal dominant LZTR1-related disorders, compiling a cohort of previously published patients (51 with the Noonan phenotype and 123 with schwannomatosis) and presenting two additional adult-onset cases: a male with schwannomatosis and Parkinson's disease and a female with Noonan syndrome, generalized joint hypermobility, and breast cancer. This review confirms that autosomal dominant LZTR1-related disorders exhibit an extreme phenotypic variability, ranging from relatively mild manifestations to severe and multi-systemic involvement, and offers updated frequences of each clinical feature. The aim is to precisely define the clinical spectrum of LZTR1-related diseases, using also two new emblematic clinical cases. Gaining insight into the mechanisms underneath this variability is crucial to achieve precision diagnostics and the development of therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Uliana
- Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Ambrosini
- Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonietta Taiani
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Sofia Cesarini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Ilenia Rita Cannizzaro
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Anna Negrotti
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Walter Serra
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Quintavalle
- Regional Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini snc, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini snc, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini snc, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Martorana
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Beatrice Bortesi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Belli
- Neurosurgery Unit, Head and Neck Department, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Percesepe
- Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Barili
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leoni C, Viscogliosi G, Onesimo R, Verdolotti T, Biagini T, Mazza T, De Luca A, Perri L, Trevisan V, Flex E, Tartaglia M, Zampino G. Further case of enlarged spinal nerve roots in KRAS-related Noonan syndrome. Clin Genet 2023. [PMID: 36757675 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome (NS) belongs to RASopathies, a family of disorders caused by unregulated signaling through the RAS-MAPK pathway. Herein, we report on an individual with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of NS showing asymptomatic enlarged spinal nerve roots, which are distinctive features of neurofibromatosis type 1. To date, a total of 16 patients with neurogenic tumors resembling neurofibromas/schwannomas and a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of a non-NF1 RASopathy have been reported, adding this further feature shared among RASopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Leoni
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Germana Viscogliosi
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Roberta Onesimo
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Tommaso Verdolotti
- UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Fondazione Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Lucrezia Perri
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Valentina Trevisan
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Flex
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome (RM), Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome (RM), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Farncombe KM, Thain E, Barnett-Tapia C, Sadeghian H, Kim RH. LZTR1 molecular genetic overlap with clinical implications for Noonan syndrome and schwannomatosis. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:160. [PMID: 35840934 PMCID: PMC9288044 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01304-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Noonan syndrome (NS) is a genetic disorder characterized by developmental delays, typical facial gestalt and cardiovascular defects. LZTR1 variants have been recently described in patients with NS and schwannomatosis, but the association, inheritance pattern and management strategy has not been fully elucidated. Here, we review the contribution of LZTR1 in NS and describe a patient with a novel, likely pathogenic variant in LZTR1. Case presentation A female patient was diagnosed with clinical NS at 8 months of age. She presented in adulthood when a brain and spine MRI identified plexiform neurofibromas; however, she did not meet the clinical criteria for Neurofibromatosis type 1. No pathogenic variants were identified through molecular genetic analysis of NF1, SPRED1 and a multigene NS panel. Whole exome sequencing at age 23 identified a novel de novo likely pathogenic heterozygous variant in the LZTR1 gene denoted as c.743G>A (p.Gly248Glu). Serial MRIs have shown stable imaging findings and the patient is being followed clinically by cardiology, neurology and medical genetics. Conclusions We identified a novel mutation in the LZTR1 gene, not previously reported in association with NS. This report provides additional evidence to support for the assessment of schwannomatosis in patients with LZTR1-NS and may have overlap with Neurofibromatosis type 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Farncombe
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Thain
- Bhalwani Familial Cancer Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Barnett-Tapia
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ellen and Martin Prossermann Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hamid Sadeghian
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ellen and Martin Prossermann Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raymond H Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
De Ridder W, Engelen B, Alfen N. Neurological features of Noonan syndrome and related
RASopathies
: Pain and nerve enlargement characterized by nerve ultrasound. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1801-1807. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem De Ridder
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Centre University Hospital of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
| | - Baziel Engelen
- Institute Born‐Bunge University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
| | - Nens Alfen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Campbell SL, Philips MR. Post-translational modification of RAS proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2021; 71:180-192. [PMID: 34365229 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of RAS genes drive cancer more frequently than any other oncogene. RAS proteins integrate signals from a wide array of receptors and initiate downstream signaling through pathways that control cellular growth. RAS proteins are fundamentally binary molecular switches in which the off/on state is determined by the binding of GDP or GTP, respectively. As such, the intrinsic and regulated nucleotide-binding and hydrolytic properties of the RAS GTPase were historically believed to account for the entirety of the regulation of RAS signaling. However, it is increasingly clear that RAS proteins are also regulated by a vast array of post-translational modifications (PTMs). The current challenge is to understand what are the functional consequences of these modifications and which are physiologically relevant. Because PTMs are catalyzed by enzymes that may offer targets for drug discovery, the study of RAS PTMs has been a high priority for RAS biologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark R Philips
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chiara L, Marta T, Dario T, Tommaso V, Roberta O, Cesare C, Elisabetta F, Alessandro DL, Marco T, Donato R, Giuseppe Z. Enlarged spinal nerve roots in RASopathies: Report of two cases. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104187. [PMID: 33676063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
RASopathies are a group of genetic conditions caused by germline variants in genes encoding signal transducers and modulators of the RAS-MAPK cascade. These disorders are multisystem diseases with considerable clinical overlap, even though distinct hallmarks are recognizable for each specific syndrome. Here we report on the presence of enlarged spinal nerve roots resembling neurofibromas, a typical neuroradiological finding of neurofibromatosis type 1, in two patients with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of Noonan syndrome and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, respectively. This evidence add enlarged spinal nerve roots as features shared among RASopathies. Future studies aiming to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to neurogenic tumor development in these patients are necessary to define their biological nature, evolution, prognosis and possible treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leoni Chiara
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tedesco Marta
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Talloa Dario
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Verdolotti Tommaso
- UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Dipartimento di diagnostica per immagini, Oncologica ed ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Onesimo Roberta
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Colosimo Cesare
- UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, Dipartimento di diagnostica per immagini, Oncologica ed ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flex Elisabetta
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - De Luca Alessandro
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Fondazione Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Tartaglia Marco
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rigante Donato
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Zampino Giuseppe
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ando Y, Sawada M, Kawakami T, Morita M, Aoki Y. A Patient with Noonan Syndrome with a KRAS Mutation Who Presented Severe Nerve Root Hypertrophy. Case Rep Neurol 2021; 13:108-118. [PMID: 33790768 PMCID: PMC7989852 DOI: 10.1159/000512265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a 45-year-old female with clinical features resembling Noonan syndrome (NS) who presented with significant nerve root hypertrophy. She was initially diagnosed with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease because her gait disturbance gradually deteriorated and nerve conduction velocity was reduced. However, she did not carry a PMP22 gene mutation. RASopathies are a group of phenotypically overlapping developmental syndromes caused by germline mutations that encode components of the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. These disorders include NS, cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome, and Costello syndrome and are associated with molecular abnormalities in the Ras/MAPK pathway. The patient was suspected to have NS and related disorders because of pulmonary artery stenosis, lymphedema, distinctive facial appearance, and intellectual disability. Genetic analysis identified a heterozygous de novo mutation in KRAS (c.211T>G, p.Tyr71Asp), which is usually observed in patients with NS or CFC syndrome. Although our patient was diagnosed with NS, she revealed clinical manifestations that were typical to CFC syndrome, including intellectual disability. It has been reported that some patients diagnosed with RASopathies with mutations in PTPN11, SOS1, or KRAS developed nerve root hypertrophy. These results suggest that nerve root hypertrophy may be associated with RASopathy, although the onset mechanisms of nerve root hypertrophy are unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Ando
- Department of Internal Medicine, Josai Hospital, Yuki, Japan.,Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Haga Red Cross Hospital, Moka, Japan
| | - Mikio Sawada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Haga Red Cross Hospital, Moka, Japan
| | - Tadataka Kawakami
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Shin Oyama City Hospital, Oyama, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vizcaino MA, Belzberg A, Ahlawat S, Belakhoua S, Chen L, Staedtke V, Rodriguez FJ. Localized Hypertrophic Neuropathy as a Neoplastic Manifestation of KRAS-Mediated RASopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:647-651. [PMID: 32388560 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized hypertrophic neuropathy is a rare Schwann cell proliferation that usually affects single nerves from the extremities, and it is of unclear etiology in its pure form. RASopathies are a defined group of genetic diseases with overlapping clinical features, usually secondary to germline mutations in genes encoding either components or regulators of the RAS/MAPK pathway. Herein, we report an 11-year-old boy presenting with café au lait spots and right leg length discrepancy. A fascicular nerve biopsy of the tibial nerve demonstrated a Schwann cell proliferation with prominent onion-bulb formation, satisfying criteria for localized hypertrophic neuropathy. Molecular genetic analysis demonstrated identical KRAS mutations (c38_40dupGCG) in the peripheral nerve lesion and melanocytes from café au lait spots, but not in blood, supporting a diagnosis of a KRAS-mediated rasopathy with mosaicism. Immunohistochemical staining in the peripheral nerve lesion demonstrated strong pERK staining consistent with downstream MAPK pathway activation. This report suggests that at least a subset of localized hypertrophic neuropathies are bonafide, well-differentiated Schwann cell neoplasms developing through oncogenic RAS signaling, which provides new insights into the controversial entity historically known as localized hypertrophic neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Adelita Vizcaino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Allan Belzberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Sarra Belakhoua
- Department of Pathology, Baltimore, Maryland.,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,University of Tunis el Manar School of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Liam Chen
- Department of Pathology, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Verena Staedtke
- Department of Neurology, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fausto J Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Baltimore, Maryland.,Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rivera B, Nadaf J, Fahiminiya S, Apellaniz-Ruiz M, Saskin A, Chong AS, Sharma S, Wagener R, Revil T, Condello V, Harra Z, Hamel N, Sabbaghian N, Muchantef K, Thomas C, de Kock L, Hébert-Blouin MN, Bassenden AV, Rabenstein H, Mete O, Paschke R, Pusztaszeri MP, Paulus W, Berghuis A, Ragoussis J, Nikiforov YE, Siebert R, Albrecht S, Turcotte R, Hasselblatt M, Fabian MR, Foulkes WD. DGCR8 microprocessor defect characterizes familial multinodular goiter with schwannomatosis. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1479-1490. [PMID: 31805011 DOI: 10.1172/jci130206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDDICER1 is the only miRNA biogenesis component associated with an inherited tumor syndrome, featuring multinodular goiter (MNG) and rare pediatric-onset lesions. Other susceptibility genes for familial forms of MNG likely exist.METHODSWhole-exome sequencing of a kindred with early-onset MNG and schwannomatosis was followed by investigation of germline pathogenic variants that fully segregated with the disease. Genome-wide analyses were performed on 13 tissue samples from familial and nonfamilial DGCR8-E518K-positive tumors, including MNG, schwannomas, papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs), and Wilms tumors. miRNA profiles of 4 tissue types were compared, and sequencing of miRNA, pre-miRNA, and mRNA was performed in a subset of 9 schwannomas, 4 of which harbor DGCR8-E518K.RESULTSWe identified c.1552G>A;p.E518K in DGCR8, a microprocessor component located in 22q, in the kindred. The variant identified is a somatic hotspot in Wilms tumors and has been identified in 2 PTCs. Copy number loss of chromosome 22q, leading to loss of heterozygosity at the DGCR8 locus, was found in all 13 samples harboring c.1552G>A;p.E518K. miRNA profiling of PTCs, MNG, schwannomas, and Wilms tumors revealed a common profile among E518K hemizygous tumors. In vitro cleavage demonstrated improper processing of pre-miRNA by DGCR8-E518K. MicroRNA and RNA profiling show that this variant disrupts precursor microRNA production, impacting populations of canonical microRNAs and mirtrons.CONCLUSIONWe identified DGCR8 as the cause of an unreported autosomal dominant mendelian tumor susceptibility syndrome: familial multinodular goiter with schwannomatosis.FUNDINGCanadian Institutes of Health Research, Compute Canada, Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, the Mia Neri Foundation for Childhood Cancer, Cassa di Sovvenzioni e Risparmio fra il Personale della Banca d'Italia, and the KinderKrebsInitiative Buchholz/Holm-Seppensen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rivera
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Javad Nadaf
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Somayyeh Fahiminiya
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Apellaniz-Ruiz
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Avi Saskin
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Chong
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rabea Wagener
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Timothée Revil
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Génome Québec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Condello
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zineb Harra
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Hamel
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nelly Sabbaghian
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karl Muchantef
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Pediatric Radiology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Leanne de Kock
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Hannah Rabenstein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ozgur Mete
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralf Paschke
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Oncology.,Department of Pathology.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, and.,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marc P Pusztaszeri
- Department of Pathology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Werner Paulus
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Albert Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Génome Québec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yuri E Nikiforov
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Steffen Albrecht
- Department of Pathology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Turcotte
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery (Experimental Surgery), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgical Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Hasselblatt
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Marc R Fabian
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bertola DR, Castro MAA, Yamamoto GL, Honjo RS, Ceroni JR, Buscarilli MM, Freitas AB, Malaquias AC, Pereira AC, Jorge AAL, Passos‐Bueno MR, Kim CA. Phenotype–genotype analysis of 242 individuals with
RASopathies
: 18‐year experience of a tertiary center in Brazil. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:896-911. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Débora R. Bertola
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Matheus A. A. Castro
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Guilherme L. Yamamoto
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rachel S. Honjo
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Ceroni
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Michele M. Buscarilli
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Amanda B. Freitas
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alexsandra C. Malaquias
- Unidade de Endocrinologia‐Genetica LIM 25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular Instituto do Coração, do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alexander A. L. Jorge
- Unidade de Endocrinologia‐Genetica LIM 25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Chong A. Kim
- Unidade de Genética Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jacquinet A, Bonnard A, Capri Y, Martin D, Sadzot B, Bianchi E, Servais L, Sacré JP, Cavé H, Verloes A. Oligo-astrocytoma in LZTR1-related Noonan syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
12
|
Yoshino H, Yin G, Kawaguchi R, Popov KI, Temple B, Sasaki M, Kofuji S, Wolfe K, Kofuji K, Okumura K, Randhawa J, Malhotra A, Majd N, Ikeda Y, Shimada H, Kahoud ER, Haviv S, Iwase S, Asara JM, Campbell SL, Sasaki AT. Identification of lysine methylation in the core GTPase domain by GoMADScan. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219436. [PMID: 31390367 PMCID: PMC6685615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS is the founding member of a superfamily of GTPases and regulates signaling pathways involved in cellular growth control. While recent studies have shown that the activation state of RAS can be controlled by lysine ubiquitylation and acetylation, the existence of lysine methylation of the RAS superfamily GTPases remains unexplored. In contrast to acetylation, methylation does not alter the side chain charge and it has been challenging to deduce its impact on protein structure by conventional amino acid substitutions. Herein, we investigate lysine methylation on RAS and RAS-related GTPases. We developed GoMADScan (Go language-based Modification Associated Database Scanner), a new user-friendly application that scans and extracts posttranslationally modified peptides from databases. The GoMADScan search on PhosphoSitePlus databases identified methylation of conserved lysine residues in the core GTPase domain of RAS superfamily GTPases, including residues corresponding to RAS Lys-5, Lys-16, and Lys-117. To follow up on these observations, we immunoprecipitated endogenous RAS from HEK293T cells, conducted mass spectrometric analysis and found that RAS residues, Lys-5 and Lys-147, undergo dimethylation and monomethylation, respectively. Since mutations of Lys-5 have been found in cancers and RASopathies, we set up molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to assess the putative impact of Lys-5 dimethylation on RAS structure. Results from our MD analyses predict that dimethylation of Lys-5 does not significantly alter RAS conformation, suggesting that Lys-5 methylation may alter existing protein interactions or create a docking site to foster new interactions. Taken together, our findings uncover the existence of lysine methylation as a novel posttranslational modification associated with RAS and the RAS superfamily GTPases, and putative impact of Lys-5 dimethylation on RAS structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Yoshino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Guowei Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Risa Kawaguchi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Konstantin I. Popov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brenda Temple
- University of North Carolina, R. L. Juliano Structural Bioinformatics Core Facility, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mika Sasaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Satoshi Kofuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kara Wolfe
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kaori Kofuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Koichi Okumura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jaskirat Randhawa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Akshiv Malhotra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Nazanin Majd
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hiroko Shimada
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Emily Rose Kahoud
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Signal Transduction, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sasson Haviv
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Signal Transduction, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shigeki Iwase
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, 5815 Medical Science II, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John M. Asara
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Signal Transduction, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Atsuo T. Sasaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Santoro C, Giugliano T, Melone MAB, Cirillo M, Schettino C, Bernardo P, Cirillo G, Perrotta S, Piluso G. Multiple spinal nerve enlargement and SOS1 mutation: Further evidence of overlap between neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan phenotype. Clin Genet 2017; 93:138-143. [PMID: 28456002 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) has long been considered a well-defined, recognizable monogenic disorder, with neurofibromas constituting a pathognomonic sign. This dogma has been challenged by recent descriptions of patients with enlarged nerves or paraspinal tumors, suggesting that neurogenic tumors and hypertrophic neuropathy may be a complication of Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) or RASopathy phenotype. We describe a 15-year-old boy, whose mother previously received clinical diagnosis of NF1 due to presence of bilateral cervical and lumbar spinal lesions resembling plexiform neurofibromas and features suggestive of NS. NF1 molecular analysis was negative in the mother. The boy presented with Noonan features, multiple lentigines and pectus excavatum. Next-generation sequencing analysis of all RASopathy genes identified p.Ser548Arg missense mutation in SOS1 in the boy, confirmed in his mother. Brain and spinal magnetic resonance imaging scans were negative in the boy. No heart involvement or deafness was observed in proband or mother. This is the first report of a SOS1 mutation associated with hypertrophic neuropathy resembling plexiform neurofibromas, a rare complication in Noonan phenotypes with mutations in RASopathy genes. Our results highlight the overlap between RASopathies, suggesting that NF1 diagnostic criteria need rethinking. Genetic analysis of RASopathy genes should be considered when diagnosis is uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Santoro
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e della Chirurgia generale e specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - T Giugliano
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - M A B Melone
- Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara", Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Neuroscienze (CIRN), Naples, Italy
| | - M Cirillo
- Prima Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - C Schettino
- Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara", Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - P Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Clinica di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G Cirillo
- Prima Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - S Perrotta
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e della Chirurgia generale e specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G Piluso
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Conboy E, Dhamija R, Wang M, Xie J, Dyck PJ, Bridges AG, Spinner RJ, Clayton AC, Watson RE, Messiaen L, Babovic-Vuksanovic D. Paraspinal neurofibromas and hypertrophic neuropathy in Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines. J Med Genet 2015; 53:123-6. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
15
|
Yamamoto GL, Aguena M, Gos M, Hung C, Pilch J, Fahiminiya S, Abramowicz A, Cristian I, Buscarilli M, Naslavsky MS, Malaquias AC, Zatz M, Bodamer O, Majewski J, Jorge AAL, Pereira AC, Kim CA, Passos-Bueno MR, Bertola DR. Rare variants in SOS2 and LZTR1 are associated with Noonan syndrome. J Med Genet 2015; 52:413-21. [PMID: 25795793 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disorder caused by dysregulation of the RAS/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Heterozygous, pathogenic variants in 11 known genes account for approximately 80% of cases. The identification of novel genes associated with Noonan syndrome has become increasingly challenging, since they might be responsible for very small fractions of the cases. METHODS A cohort of 50 Brazilian probands negative for pathogenic variants in the known genes associated with Noonan syndrome was tested through whole-exome sequencing along with the relatives in the familial cases. Families from the USA and Poland with mutations in the newly identified genes were included subsequently. RESULTS We identified rare, segregating or de novo missense variants in SOS2 and LZTR1 in 4% and 8%, respectively, of the 50 Brazilian probands. SOS2 and LZTR1 variants were also found to segregate in one American and one Polish family. Notably, SOS2 variants were identified in patients with marked ectodermal involvement, similar to patients with SOS1 mutations. CONCLUSIONS We identified two novel genes, SOS2 and LZTR1, associated with Noonan syndrome, thereby expanding the molecular spectrum of RASopathies. Mutations in these genes are responsible for approximately 3% of all patients with Noonan syndrome. While SOS2 is a natural candidate, because of its homology with SOS1, the functional role of LZTR1 in the RAS/MAPK pathway is not known, and it could not have been identified without the large pedigrees. Additional functional studies are needed to elucidate the role of LZTR1 in RAS/MAPK signalling and in the pathogenesis of Noonan syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meire Aguena
- Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monika Gos
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christina Hung
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacek Pilch
- Department of Child Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Anna Abramowicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Michelle Buscarilli
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michel Satya Naslavsky
- Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra C Malaquias
- Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Olaf Bodamer
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexander A L Jorge
- Departamento de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Romeo Bertola
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Centro de Pesquisa sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Farschtschi S, Mautner VF, Hollants S, Hagel C, Spaepen M, Schulte C, Legius E, Brems H. Keratinocytic epidermal nevus syndrome with Schwann cell proliferation, lipomatous tumour and mosaic KRAS mutation. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:6. [PMID: 25928347 PMCID: PMC4422428 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Keratinocytic epidermal nevus syndrome (KENS) is a complex disorder not only characterized by the presence of epidermal nevi but also by abnormalities in the internal organ systems. A small number of cases with KENS are molecularly characterized and reported in the literature with somatic activating RAS, FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations. Case presentation In this study we present a patient with hyper- and hypopigmented regions, verrucous pigmented skin lesions and a paravertebral conglomerate tumour at the level of the cervical and thoracic spine. A large lipomatous dumbbell tumour caused atrophy of the spinal cord with progressive paraparesis. We identified a mosaic c.35G > A (p.Gly12Asp) KRAS mutation in the pigmented verrucous epidermal nevus tissue, the intraneural schwann cells and the lipoma. The c.35G > A (p.Gly12Asp) KRAS mutation was absent in the peripheral blood leukocytes. Conclusion We conclude that KENS, the intraneural Schwann cell proliferation and the lipoma in this individual were caused by a postzygotic and mosaic activating c.35G > A (p.Gly12Asp) KRAS mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Said Farschtschi
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Victor-Felix Mautner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Silke Hollants
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Marijke Spaepen
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Eric Legius
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Hilde Brems
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koelsche C, Hovestadt V, Jones DTW, Capper D, Sturm D, Sahm F, Schrimpf D, Adeberg S, Böhmer K, Hagenlocher C, Mechtersheimer G, Kohlhof P, Mühleisen H, Beschorner R, Hartmann C, Braczynski AK, Mittelbronn M, Buslei R, Becker A, Grote A, Urbach H, Staszewski O, Prinz M, Hewer E, Pfister SM, von Deimling A, Reuss DE. Melanotic tumors of the nervous system are characterized by distinct mutational, chromosomal and epigenomic profiles. Brain Pathol 2014; 25:202-8. [PMID: 25399693 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanotic tumors of the nervous system show overlapping histological characteristics but differ substantially in their biological behavior. In order to achieve a better delineation of such tumors, we performed an in-depth molecular characterization. Eighteen melanocytomas, 12 melanomas, and 14 melanotic and 14 conventional schwannomas (control group) were investigated for methylome patterns (450k array), gene mutations associated with melanotic tumors and copy number variants (CNVs). The methylome fingerprints assigned tumors to entity-specific groups. Methylation groups also showed a substantial overlap with histology-based diagnosis suggesting that they represent true biological entities. On the molecular level, melanotic schwannomas were characterized by a complex karyotype with recurrent monosomy of chromosome 22q and variable whole chromosomal gains and recurrent losses commonly involving chromosomes 1, 17p and 21. Melanocytomas carried GNAQ/11 mutations and presented with CNV involving chromosomes 3 and 6. Melanomas were frequently mutated in the TERT promoter, harbored additional oncogene mutations and showed recurrent chromosomal losses involving chromosomes 9, 10 and 6q, as well as gains of 22q. Together, melanotic nervous system tumors have several distinct mutational and chromosomal alterations and can reliably be distinguished by methylome profiling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Koelsche
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|