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Warnier H, Barrea C, Bethlen S, Schrouff I, Harvengt J. Clinical overview and outcome of the Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome: a systematic review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:174. [PMID: 35461249 PMCID: PMC9034487 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) is a rare and severe genetic disease characterized by skeletal anomalies and dysautonomic disturbances requiring appropriate care. Peer support is mandatory to fill the lack of clinical recommendations in such rare diseases. We report a new case and provide the first systematic review of all previous published cases. OBJECTIVE To better describe the timeline of SWS and to improve paediatric management. DATA SOURCES SWS English publications available on Pubmed until 31/03/2021. STUDY SELECTION Case description combining typical osteo-articular and dysautonomic involvement (with 2 items by categories required for children < 2 years and 3 items > 2 years). DATA EXTRACTION Demographic, clinical, genetics and outcome data. RESULTS In our cohort of 69 patients, the median age at report was 32 months. Only 46% presented antenatal signs. Mortality rate is higher during the first 2 years (42% < 2 years; 10% > 2 years) mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension appearing to be a poor prognosis factor (mortality rate 63%). After 2 years, orthopaedic symptoms significantly increase including joint mobility restriction (81%), spinal deformations (77%) and fractures (61%). CONCLUSIONS Natural history of SWS is marked by a high mortality rate before 2 years due to dysautonomic disturbances. A specialized multidisciplinary approach is needed to address these early mortality risks and then adapt to the specific, mainly orthopaedic, needs of patients after 2 years of age. Further research is required to provide clinical guidelines and improve pre-natal counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Barrea
- Department of Paediatrics, Neuropeadiatrics, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sarah Bethlen
- Department of Physical Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Julie Harvengt
- Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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2
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Christianson J, Oxford JT, Jorcyk CL. Emerging Perspectives on Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and its Receptor in Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:693724. [PMID: 34395259 PMCID: PMC8358831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.693724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis and metastasis have deep connections to inflammation and inflammatory cytokines, but the mechanisms underlying these relationships are poorly understood. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) and its receptor (LIFR), part of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, make up one such ill-defined piece of the puzzle connecting inflammation to cancer. Although other members of the IL-6 family have been shown to be involved in the metastasis of multiple types of cancer, the role of LIF and LIFR has been challenging to determine. Described by others in the past as enigmatic and paradoxical, LIF and LIFR are expressed in a diverse array of cells in the body, and the narrative surrounding them in cancer-related processes has been vague, and at times even contradictory. Despite this, recent insights into their functional roles in cancer have highlighted interesting patterns that may allude to a broader understanding of LIF and LIFR within tumor growth and metastasis. This review will discuss in depth the signaling pathways activated by LIF and LIFR specifically in the context of cancer–the purpose being to summarize recent literature concerning the downstream effects of LIF/LIFR signaling in a variety of cancer-related circumstances in an effort to begin teasing out the intricate web of contradictions that have made this pair so challenging to define.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Christianson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
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3
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Ben-Salem S, Robbins SM, Sobreira NLM, Lyon A, Al-Shamsi AM, Islam BK, Akawi NA, John A, Thachillath P, Hamed SA, Valle D, Ali BR, Al-Gazali L. Defect in phosphoinositide signalling through a homozygous variant in PLCB3 causes a new form of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with corneal dystrophy. J Med Genet 2018; 55:122-130. [PMID: 29122926 PMCID: PMC8215682 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone dysplasias are a large group of disorders affecting the growth and structure of the skeletal system. METHODS In the present study, we report the clinical and molecular delineation of a new form of syndromic autosomal recessive spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SMD) in two Emirati first cousins. They displayed postnatal growth deficiency causing profound limb shortening with proximal and distal segments involvement, narrow chest, radiological abnormalities involving the spine, pelvis and metaphyses, corneal clouding and intellectual disability. Whole genome homozygosity mapping localised the genetic cause to 11q12.1-q13.1, a region spanning 19.32 Mb with ~490 genes. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified four novel homozygous variants within the shared block of homozygosity. Pathogenic variants in genes involved in phospholipid metabolism, such as PLCB4 and PCYT1A, are known to cause bone dysplasia with or without eye anomalies, which led us to select PLCB3 as a strong candidate. This gene encodes phospholipase C β 3, an enzyme that converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol. RESULTS The identified variant (c.2632G>T) substitutes a serine for a highly conserved alanine within the Ha2' element of the proximal C-terminal domain. This disrupts binding of the Ha2' element to the catalytic core and destabilises PLCB3. Here we show that this hypomorphic variant leads to elevated levels of PIP2 in patient fibroblasts, causing disorganisation of the F-actin cytoskeleton. CONCLUSIONS Our results connect a homozygous loss of function variant in PLCB3 with a new SMD associated with corneal dystrophy and developmental delay (SMDCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Ben-Salem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, University Al-Ain, Al Ain, AbuDhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah M Robbins
- Human genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nara LM Sobreira
- Human genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angeline Lyon
- Chemistry and Biological Sciences, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Aisha M Al-Shamsi
- Department of Paediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Barira K Islam
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadia A Akawi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Anne John
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, University Al-Ain, Al Ain, AbuDhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pramathan Thachillath
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sania Al Hamed
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - David Valle
- Human genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, University Al-Ain, Al Ain, AbuDhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Heath Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Developments in the Orthopaedic Management of Children With Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: Use of the Fassier-Duval Telescopic Rod to Maintain Correction of Deformity. J Pediatr Orthop 2017; 37:e459-e463. [PMID: 26650577 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome is a rare inherited condition, which is frequently fatal in infancy. Those patients who survive into childhood demonstrate a complex progressive deformity of the long bones, with high rates of recurrence after initial successful correction. Because of the rarity of the condition there is, at present, limited evidence on the most appropriate treatment. METHODS We describe our experience in the management of 4 patients, who underwent correction of deformity and fixation with Fassier-Duval telescopic rods. RESULTS In this series we have seen good correction of deformity and maintenance of alignment, with improvement in the walking ability of children treated with this technique. CONCLUSION Fassier-Duval rodding has a role in the prevention of recurrence of deformity and should be considered as a means to reduce the number of operative procedures required. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV-therapeutic.
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5
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Kosfeld A, Brand F, Weiss AC, Kreuzer M, Goerk M, Martens H, Schubert S, Schäfer AK, Riehmer V, Hennies I, Bräsen JH, Pape L, Amann K, Krogvold L, Bjerre A, Daniel C, Kispert A, Haffner D, Weber RG. Mutations in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene and Lifr deficiency cause urinary tract malformations. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1716-1731. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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6
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Romeo Bertola D, Honjo RS, Baratela WAR. Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: Update on Clinical and Genetic Aspects. Mol Syndromol 2016; 7:12-8. [PMID: 27194968 DOI: 10.1159/000444729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bowed long bones, joint restrictions, dysautonomia, and respiratory and feeding difficulties, leading to death in the neonatal period and infancy in several occasions. Since the first cases in 1971, much has been learned about this condition, including its molecular basis - mutations in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor gene (LIFR) -, natural history and management possibilities. This review aims to highlight the clinical aspects, radiological features, molecular findings, and management strategies in Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Romeo Bertola
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel S Honjo
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner A R Baratela
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Elsaid MF, Chalhoub N, Kamel H, Ehlayel M, Ibrahim N, Elsaid A, Kumar P, Khalak H, Ilyin VA, Suhre K, Abdel Aleem A. Non-truncating LIFR mutation: causal for prominent congenital pain insensitivity phenotype with progressive vertebral destruction? Clin Genet 2015; 89:210-6. [PMID: 26285796 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a Qatari family with two children who displayed a characteristic phenotype of congenital marked pain insensitivity with hypohidrosis and progressive aseptic destruction of joints and vertebrae resembling that of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs). The patients, aged 10 and 14, remained of uncertain genetic diagnosis until whole genome sequencing was pursued. Genome sequencing identified a novel homozygous C65S mutation in the LIFR gene that is predicted to markedly destabilize and alter the structure of a particular domain and consequently to affect the functionality of the whole multi-domain LIFR protein. The C65S mutant LIFR showed altered glycosylation and an elevated expression level that might be attributed to a slow turnover of the mutant form. LIFR mutations have been reported in Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS), a severe autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia often resulting in early death. Our patients share some clinical features of rare cases of SWS long-term survivors; however, they also phenocopy HSAN due to the marked pain insensitivity phenotype and progressive bone destruction. Screening for LIFR mutations might be warranted in genetically unresolved HSAN phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Elsaid
- Section of Neurology, Pediatrics Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - N Chalhoub
- Neurogenetics Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Neurology and Neuroscience Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Kamel
- Section of Radiology, Pediatrics Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - M Ehlayel
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Pediatrics Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - N Ibrahim
- Medical Molecular Genetics, Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Elsaid
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - P Kumar
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - H Khalak
- Advanced Computing, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - V A Ilyin
- Lane Center for Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Lane Center for Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Doha, Qatar
| | - K Suhre
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Physiology and Biophysics Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Physiology and Biophysics Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - A Abdel Aleem
- Neurogenetics Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Neurology and Neuroscience Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Hatagami Marques J, Lopes Yamamoto G, de Cássia Testai L, da Costa Pereira A, Kim CA, Passos-Bueno MR, Romeo Bertola D. Intragenic Deletion in the LIFR Gene in a Long-Term Survivor with Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome. Mol Syndromol 2015; 6:87-90. [PMID: 26279654 DOI: 10.1159/000407418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS, OMIM 601559) is a rare autosomal recessive bent-bone dysplasia, caused by loss-of-function mutations in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene, which usually leads to early death. Only few patients with long-term survival have been described in the literature. We report on a 5-year-old boy from a consanguineous marriage with molecular analysis for the LIFR gene. Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of LIFR were performed. Copy number variation analysis with NGS showed a novel mutation as the cause for the syndrome: an intragenic homozygous deletion in LIFR, involving exons 15-20. Bridging PCR was carried out to confirm the intragenic deletion. This is the first description of a large deletion in LIFR, broadening the spectrum of mutations in SWS. Besides the reported allelic heterogeneity, further studies such as exome sequencing are required to identify a novel gene in order to confirm the locus heterogeneity in SWS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil ; Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Chong Ae Kim
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Romeo Bertola
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil ; Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Sarafidis K, Piretzi K, Agakidou E, Kohlhase J, Zafeiriou D. Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome in a neonate. Pediatr Int 2015; 57:302-4. [PMID: 25868946 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We describe a female neonate with Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome. The facial dysmorphism, joint contracture, distinctive skeletal changes, and myotonic discharges on electromyogram raised a suspicion of the rare autosomal recessive syndrome, which was later confirmed on molecular analysis of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor. She developed recurrent attacks of hyperpyrexia and died at age 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas Sarafidis
- 1st Department of Neonatology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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10
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Abstract
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is due to mutations of the tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) gene expressed in the liver, kidney, and bone. TNAP substrates include inorganic pyrophosphate cleaved into inorganic phosphate (Pi) in bone, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), the circulating form of vitamin B6, and phosphoethanolamine (PEA). As an autosomal recessive or dominant disease, HPP results in a range of clinical forms. Its hallmarks are low alkaline phosphatase (AP) and elevated PLP and PEA levels. Perinatal HPP may cause early death with respiratory insufficiency and hypomineralization resulting in deformed limbs and sometimes near-absence of bones and skull. Infantile HPP is diagnosed before 6 months of life. Respiratory failure, rib fractures and seizures due to vitamin B6 deficiency in the brain indicate poor prognosis. Craniosynostosis is frequent. Unlike in other forms of rickets, calcium and phosphorus are not decreased, resulting in hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. Hypercalcemic crisis may occur. Failure to thrive and growth retardation are concerns. In infantile and adult forms of HPP, non-traumatic fractures may be the prominent manifestation, with otherwise unexplained chronic pain. Progressive myopathy has been described. Dental manifestations with early loss of teeth are usual in HPP and in a specific form, odontohypophosphatasia. HPP has been studied in knock-out mice models which mimic its severe form. Animal models have made a major contribution to the development of an original enzyme therapy for human infantile HPP, which is however essentially targeted at mineralized tissues. Better knowledge of its extraskeletal manifestations, including pain and neurological symptoms, is therefore required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Pierre Salles
- Unité d'Endocrinologie Maladies Osseuses, Hôpital Des Enfants, CHU de Toulouse and Inserm UMR 1043 UPS, Toulouse Cedex, France,
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11
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Kovacs CS. Bone development and mineral homeostasis in the fetus and neonate: roles of the calciotropic and phosphotropic hormones. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:1143-218. [PMID: 25287862 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00014.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral and bone metabolism are regulated differently in utero compared with the adult. The fetal kidneys, intestines, and skeleton are not dominant sources of mineral supply for the fetus. Instead, the placenta meets the fetal need for mineral by actively transporting calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium from the maternal circulation. These minerals are maintained in the fetal circulation at higher concentrations than in the mother and normal adult, and such high levels appear necessary for the developing skeleton to accrete a normal amount of mineral by term. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitriol circulate at low concentrations in the fetal circulation. Fetal bone development and the regulation of serum minerals are critically dependent on PTH and PTH-related protein, but not vitamin D/calcitriol, fibroblast growth factor-23, calcitonin, or the sex steroids. After birth, the serum calcium falls and phosphorus rises before gradually reaching adult values over the subsequent 24-48 h. The intestines are the main source of mineral for the neonate, while the kidneys reabsorb mineral, and bone turnover contributes mineral to the circulation. This switch in the regulation of mineral homeostasis is triggered by loss of the placenta and a postnatal fall in serum calcium, and is followed in sequence by a rise in PTH and then an increase in calcitriol. Intestinal calcium absorption is initially a passive process facilitated by lactose, but later becomes active and calcitriol-dependent. However, calcitriol's role can be bypassed by increasing the calcium content of the diet, or by parenteral administration of calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Kovacs
- Faculty of Medicine-Endocrinology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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12
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Melone MAB, Pellegrino MJ, Nolano M, Habecker BA, Johansson S, Nathanson NM, Knappskog PM, Hahn AF, Boman H. Unusual Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome with complete maternal chromosome 5 isodisomy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2014; 1:926-32. [PMID: 25540807 PMCID: PMC4265064 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A woman was isozygous for a novel mutation in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor gene (LIFR) (c.2170C>G; p.Pro724Ala) which disrupts LIFR downstream signaling and results in Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (STWS). She inherited two identical chromosomes 5 from her mother, heterozygous for the LIFR mutation. The presentation was typical for STWS, except there was no long bone dysplasia. Prominent cold-induced sweating and heat intolerance lead to an initial diagnosis of cold-induced sweating syndrome, excluded by exome sequencing. Skin biopsies provide the first human evidence of failed postnatal cholinergic differentiation of sympathetic neurons innervating sweat glands in cold-induced sweating, and of a neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosa A B Melone
- Division of Neurology and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Michael J Pellegrino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, OHSU School of Medicine Portland, Oregon
| | - Maria Nolano
- Neurology Division, 'Salvatore Maugeri' Foundation IRCCS, Medical Center of Telese Terme Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Beth A Habecker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, OHSU School of Medicine Portland, Oregon
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway ; Center of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital Bergen, Norway
| | - Neil M Nathanson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Seattle, Washington
| | - Per M Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway ; Center of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital Bergen, Norway
| | - Angelika F Hahn
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helge Boman
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway ; Center of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital Bergen, Norway
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13
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Mikelonis D, Jorcyk CL, Tawara K, Oxford JT. Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome: LIFR and associated cytokines in clinical course and etiology. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:34. [PMID: 24618404 PMCID: PMC3995696 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (STWS; OMIM #610559) is a rare bent-bone dysplasia that includes radiologic bone anomalies, respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, and hyperthermic episodes. STWS usually results in infant mortality, yet some STWS patients survive into and, in some cases, beyond adolescence. STWS is caused by a mutation in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene, which is inherited in an autosomally recessive pattern. Most LIFR mutations resulting in STWS are null mutations which cause instability of the mRNA and prevent the formation of LIFR, impairing the signaling pathway. LIFR signaling usually follows the JAK/STAT3 pathway, and is initiated by several interleukin-6-type cytokines. STWS is managed on a symptomatic basis since there is no treatment currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, 1910 University Drive, Boise State University, Boise ID 83725, USA.
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14
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van der Kraan PM. Understanding developmental mechanisms in the context of osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2013; 15:333. [PMID: 23591824 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-013-0333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that is highly related to aging. However, as OA development is the consequence of interplay between external stimuli, such as mechanical loading and the structure and physiology of the joint, it can be anticipated that variation in developmental processes early in life will affect OA development later in life. Genes involved in patterning processes, such as the Hox genes, but also genes that encode transcription factors, growth factors and cytokines and their respective receptors and those that encode molecules involved in formation of the extracellular matrix, will influence embryonic skeletal development and OA incidence and severity in the adult. The function of genes involved in patterning processes can be partly be understood by close analysis of inborn diseases that result in musculoskeletal syndromes, but a deeper understanding will be the result of specific gene knockouts or overexpression in transgenic mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M van der Kraan
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Koul R, Al-Kindy A, Mani R, Sankhla D, Al-Futaisi A. One in three: congenital bent bone disease and intermittent hyperthermia in three siblings with stuve-wiedemann syndrome. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2013; 13:301-5. [PMID: 23862038 DOI: 10.12816/0003238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (STWS) is a rare disorder characterised by congenital bowing of the long bones, contractures of the joints, neonatal onset of respiratory distress, sucking and swallowing difficulties, dysautonomia presenting as episodic hyperthermia, and usually an early death. Three siblings from a consanguineous marriage presented with similar clinical features over 16 years. STWS was established with their last child at the beginning of 2012. All the children exhibited the onset of STWS in the neonatal period with fever and generalised hypotonia. Examinations of all the infants revealed camptodactyly, micrognathia, bent long bones with wide metaphyses, and hypotonia. Only the second affected child had myotonia, demonstrated by electromyography. Unusual pyrexia as a presenting feature in this syndrome needs early recognition so that extensive and elaborate investigations can be avoided. The disorder is usually caused by a mutation in the leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Koul
- Departments of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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Delayed Tetraplegia After Thoracolumbar Scoliosis Surgery in Stuve-Wiedemann Syndrome. Spine Deform 2013; 1:72-78. [PMID: 27927326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jspd.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present 2 patients with Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) who suffered delayed tetraparesis following posterior spinal surgery for scoliosis. BACKGROUND SUMMARY Delayed tetraparesis after a syndromic thoracic scoliosis correction has never been reported. A cord injury distant from the surgical site is rare, and intraoperative neuromonitoring should be used to detect and prevent neurologic impairment. METHODS Review of medical charts. RESULTS Two patients with SWS suffered delayed tetraparesis 20 and 40 hours respectively after thoracolumbar posterior surgery. In one patient distal motor evoked potentials fell and recovered partially during surgery. In both patients, early postoperative neurologic examination was normal (in one of them except for the extensor hallucis 2/5). CT scan showed correct instrumentation placement and no compressive haematoma. MRI ruled out cord anomalies, but revealed in both patients identical cervical edema that was most likely secondary to ischemia. Angiogram revealed an absence of anterior cord vascular supply. CONCLUSIONS Correction of severe deformities in syndromic patients may lead to stretch injuries of the spinal cord and its vascular supply. This in turn may lead to a neurological deficit extending beyond the limits of the spinal instrumentation. Abrupt postoperative neck pain may be an alert to this impending development. Close surveillance in the early postoperative period should be maintained in patients with SWS because a delayed neurological deficit can be present even hours afterwards and may be cranial to the surgical level.
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