1
|
Genetic modulation of anemia severity, hemolysis level, and hospitalization rate in Angolan children with Sickle Cell Anemia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10347-10356. [PMID: 36097125 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a genetic disease caused by the c.20 A > T mutation in HBB gene, generally characterized by sickle erythrocytes, chronic hemolytic anemia, and vaso-occlusive events. This study aimed to investigate genetic modulators of anemia severity, chronic hemolytic rate, and clinical manifestations in pediatric SCA patients from Angola, where the disease is a severe public health problem. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was conducted on 200 SCA children living in Luanda or Caxito province. Their clinical phenotype was collected from patients' hospital records. Hematological and biochemical phenotypes were characterized in steady state condition. Twelve polymorphic regions in VCAM1, CD36 and NOS3 genes were genotyped using PCR, RFLP, and Sanger sequencing. CD36 gene promoter variants showed a significant impact on anemia severity. Particularly, the rs1413661_C allele was associated with lower hemoglobin levels, and increased number of hospitalizations and transfusions. This is the first report associating this SNP with SCA phenotypic heterogeneity. Moreover, the rs1041163_C allele in VCAM1 was associated with lower LDH levels; inversely the rs2070744_C allele in NOS3 was related with higher LDH levels and number of hospitalizations, being a risk factor for increased hemolytic rate. CONCLUSION This study highlights, for the first time in the Angolan population, the importance of the genetic modifiers of vascular cell adhesion and nitric oxide metabolism in SCA pediatric phenotypic variability.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kulmann-Leal B, Ellwanger JH, Chies JAB. CCR5Δ32 in Brazil: Impacts of a European Genetic Variant on a Highly Admixed Population. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758358. [PMID: 34956188 PMCID: PMC8703165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic background of Brazilians encompasses Amerindian, African, and European components as a result of the colonization of an already Amerindian inhabited region by Europeans, associated to a massive influx of Africans. Other migratory flows introduced into the Brazilian population genetic components from Asia and the Middle East. Currently, Brazil has a highly admixed population and, therefore, the study of genetic factors in the context of health or disease in Brazil is a challenging and remarkably interesting subject. This phenomenon is exemplified by the genetic variant CCR5Δ32, a 32 base-pair deletion in the CCR5 gene. CCR5Δ32 originated in Europe, but the time of origin as well as the selective pressures that allowed the maintenance of this variant and the establishment of its current frequencies in the different human populations is still a field of debates. Due to its origin, the CCR5Δ32 allele frequency is high in European-derived populations (~10%) and low in Asian and African native human populations. In Brazil, the CCR5Δ32 allele frequency is intermediate (4-6%) and varies on the Brazilian States, depending on the migratory history of each region. CCR5 is a protein that regulates the activity of several immune cells, also acting as the main HIV-1 co-receptor. The CCR5 expression is influenced by CCR5Δ32 genotypes. No CCR5 expression is observed in CCR5Δ32 homozygous individuals. Thus, the CCR5Δ32 has particular effects on different diseases. At the population level, the effect that CCR5Δ32 has on European populations may be different than that observed in highly admixed populations. Besides less evident due to its low frequency in admixed groups, the effect of the CCR5Δ32 variant may be affected by other genetic traits. Understanding the effects of CCR5Δ32 on Brazilians is essential to predict the potential use of pharmacological CCR5 modulators in Brazil. Therefore, this study reviews the impacts of the CCR5Δ32 on the Brazilian population, considering infectious diseases, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. Finally, this article provides a general discussion concerning the impacts of a European-derived variant, the CCR5Δ32, on a highly admixed population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bhaskar L. Susceptibility to vascular complications in sickle cell anemia patients is associated with intron 4a/b polymorphism of the NOS3 gene: A meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
4
|
Figueiredo CVB, Santiago RP, da Guarda CC, Oliveira RM, Fiuza LM, Yahouédéhou SCMA, Carvalho SP, Neres JSDS, Oliveira AMDJ, Fonseca CA, Nascimento VML, Lyra IM, Aleluia MM, Goncalves MS. Priapism in sickle cell disease: Associations between NOS3 and EDN1 genetic polymorphisms and laboratory biomarkers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246067. [PMID: 33539452 PMCID: PMC7861393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Priapism is a urologic emergency characterized by an uncontrolled, persistent and painful erection in the absence of sexual stimulation, which can lead to penile fibrosis and impotence. It is highly frequent in sickle cell disease (SCD) associated with hemolytic episodes. Our aim was to investigate molecules that may participate in the regulation of vascular tone. Eighty eight individuals with SCD were included, of whom thirty-seven reported a history of priapism. Priapism was found to be associated with alterations in laboratory biomarkers, as well as lower levels of HbF. Patients with sickle cell anemia using hydroxyurea and those who received blood products seemed to be less affected by priapism. Multivariate analysis suggested that low HbF and NOm were independently associated with priapism. The frequency of polymorphisms in genes NOS3 and EDN1 was not statistically significant between the studied groups, and the presence of the variant allele was not associated with alterations in NOm and ET-1 levels in patients with SCD. The presence of the variant allele in the polymorphisms investigated did not reveal any influence on the occurrence priapism. Future studies involving larger samples, as well as investigations including patients in priapism crisis, could contribute to an enhanced understanding of the development of priapism in SCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camylla Vilas Boas Figueiredo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Rayra Pereira Santiago
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Caroline Conceição da Guarda
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Mota Oliveira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Luciana Magalhães Fiuza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | | | - Suéllen Pinheiro Carvalho
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Joelma Santana dos Santos Neres
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Isa Menezes Lyra
- Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
| | | | - Marilda Souza Goncalves
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chenou F, Albuquerque DM, Leonardo DP, Domingos IF, Bezerra MAC, Araújo AS, Blotta MHSL, Costa FF, Sonati MF, Paula EV, Santos MNN. Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Gene Polymorphisms and Markers of Hemolysis, Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Brazilian Sickle Cell Anemia Patients. Biochem Genet 2020; 58:580-594. [PMID: 32277314 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09959-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The impaired bioavailability of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in sickle cell anemia (SCA) may be influenced by polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS). We compared allelic/genotypic frequencies of the eNOS polymorphisms T-786C, VNTR4a/b and G894T between 89 adult SCA patients and 100 healthy controls, and investigated the relationship between these SNPs and markers of hemolysis [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indirect bilirubin (IB) and reticulocyte counts], inflammation [interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and endothelial dysfunction (ED) [soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin), von Willebrand Factor (vWF) antigen and D-dimers] in the patients. The frequencies of the mutant -786C allele and -786C/C genotype were significantly higher in patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively) but not significantly correlated with the markers. For VNTR4a/b and G894T, the allelic/genotypic frequencies did not statistically differ between patient and control groups. Patients carrying the 4a allele and those with the 894G/G genotype showed a significant decrease in IB (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively), and only patients with the 4a allele exhibited reduced IL-1β (p = 0.01). The correlation profiles between markers of inflammation and ED significantly differed between patients carrying the mutant alleles and those with wild-type genotypes. This appears to be the first report on the relationship between eNOS gene polymorphisms and markers of hemolysis, inflammation and ED in Brazilian SCA patients. Our results indicate that the SNPs analyzed may influence the phenotypic variability of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chenou
- Department of Clinical Pathology - School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Vital Brasil 50, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil
| | - D M Albuquerque
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D P Leonardo
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I F Domingos
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - M A C Bezerra
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - A S Araújo
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Foundation of Pernambuco (HEMOPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - M H S L Blotta
- Department of Clinical Pathology - School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Vital Brasil 50, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil
| | - F F Costa
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M F Sonati
- Department of Clinical Pathology - School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Vital Brasil 50, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil
| | - E V Paula
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M N N Santos
- Department of Clinical Pathology - School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Vital Brasil 50, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
El Sissy MH, Hafez AA, Moneim SEA, Eldemerdash DM. Association of the CCR5Δ 32 Mutant Genotype with Sickle Cell Disease in Egyptian Patients. Hemoglobin 2019; 43:258-263. [PMID: 31657666 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2019.1680381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease is considered the most common single base mutation in the world, with >250,000 new patients being discovered each year. It consists of a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and complications. The CCR5Δ32 is the mutant genotype of C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). It is widely distributed due to several micro organisms that target macrophages in different populations. Theoretically, CCR5Δ32 confers an advantage to sickle cell disease patients. The chronic inflammatory response is the main pathogenesis in sickle cell disease, thus, the presence of the null CCR5Δ32 mutant genotype prevents the Th1-type immune response caused by the CCR5 chemokine receptor. This study aimed to define the true incidence of the CCR5Δ32 mutant genotype and to correlate its presence with the clinical and/or the radiological findings in sickle cell disease patients. We proposed decreased morbidity and prolonged survival of sickle cell disease patients carrying the CCR5Δ32 genotype. The study showed relatively the same prevalence (5.1%) of the CCR5Δ32 mutant genotype found in 500 sickle cell disease patients when compared to 1000 healthy controls (5.0%) with the same ethnic background. Despite the near prevalence of the incidence to controls, we suggest that CCR5Δ32 is relatively beneficial to sickle cell disease patients as polymorphic patients showed uncomplicated clinical presentation in contrast to other patients without the CCR5Δ32.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha H El Sissy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Hafez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif E A Moneim
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Eldemerdash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Husain M, Hartman AD, Desai P. Pharmacogenomics of sickle cell disease: steps toward personalized medicine. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2017; 10:261-265. [PMID: 29089781 PMCID: PMC5656342 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s123427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenetic disease but has a wide range of phenotypic expressions. Some of these differences in phenotype can be explained by genetic polymorphisms in the human globin gene. These polymorphisms can result in different responses to typical treatment, sometimes leading to inadequate therapeutics. Research is revealing more polymorphisms, and therefore, new targets for intervention to improve outcomes in SCD. This area of pharmacogenomics is continuing to develop. We provide a brief review of the current literature on pharmacogenomics in SCD and possible targets for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Payal Desai
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aguiar L, Matos A, Gil Â, Afonso C, Almeida S, Braga L, Lavinha J, Kjollerstrom P, Faustino P, Bicho M, Inácio Â. Sickle cell anemia – Nitric oxide related genetic modifiers of hematological and biochemical parameters. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 64:957-963. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-168008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Aguiar
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Matos
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ângela Gil
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Conceição Afonso
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Salomé Almeida
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lígia Braga
- Unidade de Hematologia, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Lavinha
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Paula Faustino
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Bicho
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ângela Inácio
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Armenis I, Kalotychou V, Tzanetea R, Kollia P, Kontogeorgiou Z, Anastasopoulou D, Mantzourani M, Samarkos M, Pantos K, Konstantopoulos K, Rombos I. Prognostic value of T786C and G894T eNOS polymorphisms in sickle cell disease. Nitric Oxide 2017; 62:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Verma H, Mishra H, Khodiar PK, Patra PK, Bhaskar LVKS. NOS3 27-bp and IL4 70-bp VNTR Polymorphisms Do Not Contribute to the Risk of Sickle Cell Crisis. Turk J Haematol 2016; 33:365-366. [PMID: 27400089 PMCID: PMC5204202 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2016.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Division of Research, Raipur, India, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Navarro KG, Agyingi SE, Nwabuobi CK, Thomas BN. Polymorphism of the endothelin-1 gene (rs5370) is a potential contributor to sickle cell disease pathophysiology. Genes Dis 2016; 3:294-298. [PMID: 30258900 PMCID: PMC6147159 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease has been shown to demonstrate extensive variability in disease severity among and between individuals, the variability highlighted by differing genetic haplotypes. Despite the abundance of reports of functional significance due to polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) genes, the role of these polymorphisms in mediating sickle cell disease pathophysiology among African Americans is presently unclear. To deconvolute their potential significance among African Americans with sickle cell disease, we examined the genetic diversity and haplotype frequency of eNOS and ET-1 polymorphisms in disease (n = 331) and control (n = 379) groups, with a polymerase-chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. We report that genotypic and allelic frequencies of eNOS variants are not significantly different between groups. eNOS homozygote mutants, which had been shown to have clinical significance elsewhere, showed no statistical significance in our study. On the other hand, and contrary to previous report among Africans with sickle cell disease, the endothelin-1 homozygous mutant variant showed significant difference in genotypic (p = 2.84E-12) and allelic frequencies (p = 2.20E-16) between groups. The most common haplotype is the combination of T786C homozygote wild-type variant with homozygote mutant variants of G5665T (ET-1) and Glu298Asp (eNOS). These results show that endothelin-1 (rs5370) polymorphism, rather than endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism might play a significant role in disease severity or individual clinical outcomes among African Americans with sickle cell disease. This would have profound implications for designing and/or advancing personalized care for sickle cell patients and relieving disease complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen G. Navarro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Smith E. Agyingi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Chinedu K. Nwabuobi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bolaji N. Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Silva-Carvalho WHV, de Moura RR, Coelho AVC, Crovella S, Guimarães RL. Frequency of the CCR5-delta32 allele in Brazilian populations: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 43:101-7. [PMID: 27208805 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The CCR5 is a chemokine receptor widely expressed by several immune cells that are engaged in inflammatory responses. Some populations have individuals exhibiting a 32bp deletion in the CCR5 gene (CCR5-delta32) that produces a truncated non-functional protein not expressed on the cell surface. This polymorphism, known to be associated with susceptibility to infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as osteomyelitis, pre-eclampsia, systemic lupus erythematous, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and HIV/AIDS, is more commonly found in European populations with average frequency of 10%. However, it is also possible to observe a significant frequency in other world populations, such as the Brazilian one. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of CCR5-delta32 genetic association studies in Brazilian populations throughout the country to estimate the frequency of this polymorphism. We also compared CCR5-delta32 frequencies across Brazilian regions. The systematic literature reviewed studies involving delta32 allele in Brazilian populations published from 1995 to 2015. Among the reviewed literature, 25 studies including 30 Brazilian populations distributed between the North, Northeast, South and Southeast regions were included in our meta-analysis. We observed an overall allelic frequency of 4% (95%-CI, 0.03-0.05), that was considered moderate and, notably, higher than some European populations, such as Cyprus (2.8%), Italy (3%) and Greece (2.4%). Regarding the regional frequency comparisons between North-Northeast (N-NE) and South-Southeast (S-SE) regions, we observed an allelic frequency of 3% (95%-CI, 0.02-0.04) and 4% (95%-CI, 0.03-0.05), respectively. The populations from S-SE regions had a slightly higher CCR5-delta32 frequency than N-NE regions (OR=1.41, p=0.002). Although there are several studies about the CCR5-delta32 polymorphism and its effect on the immune response of some infectious diseases, this report is the first meta-analysis study that provides a descriptive study of the distribution of CCR5-delta32 allele in Brazilian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Rodrigues de Moura
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio Victor Campos Coelho
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lima Guimarães
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yousry SM, Ellithy HN, Shahin GH. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and the risk of vasculopathy in sickle cell disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:359-67. [PMID: 26903375 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1142710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the major health problems in many parts of the world. SCD is characterized by multisystem complications with marked variability in its severity between patients, probably linked to nitric oxide (NO). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme which is responsible for NO synthesis may be implicated in SCD pathophysiology. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the possible association between the eNOS gene polymorphisms and severity of SCD. Furthermore, we examined the genomic diversity of these polymorphisms in SCD patients. METHODS We genotyped 100 SCD patients and 80 controls were genotyped for eNOS 4a/b and eNOS 786T>C polymorphisms, using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, respectively. Polymorphisms were analyzed in relation to severity of SCD manifestations. RESULTS The homozygous mutant eNOS-786T>T genotype was significantly associated with high risk of acute chest syndrome (ACS). The wild-type eNOS-4a/4b genotype was protective against vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN). The mutant homozygous haplotype (C -4a) was significantly associated with the risk of ACS, VOC, and PHTN. CONCLUSION eNOS intron 4 and eNOS T>C gene polymorphisms may be used as a genetic marker of prognostic value in SCD, as they are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M Yousry
- a Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University , Egypt
| | - Hend N Ellithy
- b Clinical Hematology-Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University , Egypt
| | - Gehan H Shahin
- a Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University , Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tantawy AAG, Adly AAM, Ismail EAR, Aly SH. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 VNTR polymorphism in sickle cell disease: relation to vasculopathy and disease severity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:389-94. [PMID: 25263931 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired NO bioavailability represents the central feature of endothelial dysfunction, and is a common denominator in the pathogenesis of vasculopathy in sickle cell disease (SCD). Evidence indicates the contribution of 4a allele of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene to cardiac and renal diseases. We studied the 27-base pair tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 4 of eNOS gene in 51 patients with SCD compared with 55 healthy controls and evaluated its role in disease severity and hemolysis-associated complications. PROCEDURE Transfusion history, vaso-occlusive crisis, thrombotic events, urinary albumin excretion, and echocardiography were assessed. Analysis of eNOS intron 4 gene polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The distribution of eNOS alleles and genotypes was similar between patients with SCD and controls. Compared with bb genotype, the frequency of eNOS4a allele (aa and ab genotypes) was significantly higher in patients with elevated tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV) (P = 0.009), nephropathy (P = 0.006), or history of cerebral stroke (P = 0.029). Logistic regression analysis revealed that eNOS4a allele was an independent risk factor for elevated TRV (P < 0.001). Patients with SCD and eNOS4a allele had higher lactate dehydrogenase, serum ferritin, D-Dimer, and von Willebrand factor antigen (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that eNOS intron 4 gene polymorphism is related to endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy in SCD and could provide utility for prediction of increased susceptibility to vascular complications.
Collapse
|
15
|
The CCR5Δ32 polymorphism in Brazilian patients with sickle cell disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:678246. [PMID: 25548430 PMCID: PMC4274860 DOI: 10.1155/2014/678246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD) suggested that the CCR5Δ32 allele, which is responsible for the production of truncated C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), could confer a selective advantage on patients with SCD because it leads to a less efficient Th1 response. We determined the frequency of the CCR5Δ32 polymorphism in 795 Afro-Brazilian SCD patients followed up at the Pernambuco Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, in Northeastern Brazil, divided into a pediatric group (3 months-17 years, n = 483) and an adult group (18-70 years, n = 312). The adult patients were also compared to a healthy control group (blood donors, 18-61 years, n = 247). METHODS The CCR5/CCR5Δ32 polymorphism was determined by allele-specific PCR. RESULTS No homozygous patient for the CCR5Δ32 allele was detected. The frequency of heterozygotes in the study population (patients and controls) was 5.8%, in the total SCD patients 5.1%, in the children 5.4%, in the adults with SCD 4.8%, and in the adult controls 8.1%. These differences did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings failed to demonstrate an important role of the CCR5Δ32 allele in the population sample studied here.
Collapse
|
16
|
Thakur TJ, Guindo A, Cullifer LR, Li Y, Imumorin IG, Diallo DA, Thomas BN. Endothelin-1 but not Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism is Associated with Sickle Cell Disease in Africa. GENE REGULATION AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2014; 8:119-26. [PMID: 24932102 PMCID: PMC4051816 DOI: 10.4137/grsb.s14836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease shows marked variability in severity and pathophysiology among individuals, probably linked to differential expression of various adhesion molecules. In this study, we investigated the differential distribution, genomic diversity and haplotype frequency of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) polymorphisms, recently implicated as important in modification of disease severity. One hundred and forty five sickle cell disease patients (HbSS) and 244 adult and pediatric controls, without sickle cell disease (HbAA), were recruited from Mali. Genotypic analysis of the functionally significant eNOS variants (T786C, G894T and intron 4) and endothelin-1 (G5665T) was carried out with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. Our results show that the wild type alleles are the most frequent for all eNOS variants between cases and controls. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of eNOS polymorphic groups are not significantly different between cases and controls (P > 0.05). In addition, there is no association between eNOS variants and sickle cell disease, contrary to published reports. On the other hand, we report that endothelin-1 (G5665T) mutant variant had the lowest allelic frequency, and is significantly associated with sickle cell disease in Africa (P < 0.05). Similarly, haplotype frequencies were the same between cases and controls, except for the haplotype combining all mutant variants (T, C, 4a; P = 0.01). eNOS polymorphic variants are less frequent, with no significance with sickle cell disease in Africa. On the other hand, endothelin-1 is associated with sickle cell disease, and has the capacity to redefine pathophysiology and possibly serve as modulator of disease phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aldiouma Guindo
- Centre de Recherche et de Lutte contre la Drepanocytose (CRLD), Bamako, Mali
| | - Londyn R Cullifer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yi Li
- School of Statistics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Shanxi, China
| | - Ikhide G Imumorin
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Dapa A Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Lutte contre la Drepanocytose (CRLD), Bamako, Mali
| | - Bolaji N Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism is associated with sickle cell disease patients in India. J Hum Genet 2013; 58:775-9. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2013.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Zambra FMB, Biolchi V, Brum IS, Chies JAB. CCR2 and CCR5 genes polymorphisms in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1003-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
19
|
Schauren JS, Marasca JA, Veit TD, Monticielo OA, Xavier RM, Brenol JCT, Chies JAB. CCR5delta32 in systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for disease susceptibility and outcome in a Brazilian population. Lupus 2013; 22:802-9. [PMID: 23753295 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313491848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the CCR5delta32 polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to investigate a possible association of this allele with SLE susceptibility and clinical outcome. A total of 367 SLE patients and 435 healthy controls were genotyped for the CCR5delta32 polymorphism. We observed that, in European-derived individuals, the frequency of the CCR5delta32 allele was smaller in patients than in controls (2.7% vs. 7.5%, OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.17-0.65, p Bonf=0.002), suggesting that this allele could be considered a protective factor for the disease. Regarding clinical manifestations, we observed that CCR5delta32 female African-derived carrier patients presented a higher predisposition to class IV nephritis when compared with absent nephritis/other class group (13.8% vs. 3.8%, OR 37.1, 95% CI 2.8-1854.7, p Bonf=0.030). A multivariate analysis including all female patients and controlling for the presence or absence of anti-dsDNA antibodies, ethnicity and age at diagnosis showed an increased relative risk of 3.9 times for patients carrying the CCR5delta32 allele to develop class IV nephritis as compared with noncarriers. Our data suggest that the CCR5delta32 allele is a protective factor for the disease in European-derived patients and a susceptibility factor to class IV nephritis in African-derived female patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Schauren
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Genetics Department, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fertrin KY, Costa FF. Genomic polymorphisms in sickle cell disease: implications for clinical diversity and treatment. Expert Rev Hematol 2011; 3:443-58. [PMID: 21083035 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.10.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the best characterized human monogenic disorders. The development of molecular biology allowed the identification of several genomic polymorphisms responsible for its clinical diversity. Research on the first genetic modulators of SCD, such as coinheritance of α-thalassemia and haplotypes in the β-globin gene cluster, have been followed by studies associating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with variable risks for stroke, leg ulceration, pulmonary hypertension, priapism and osteonecrosis, with differences in the response to hydroxyurea, and with variability in the management of pain. Furthermore, multigenic analyses based on genome-wide association studies have shed light on the importance of the TGF-β superfamily and oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of complex traits in SCD, and may guide future therapeutic interventions on a genetically oriented basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kleber Yotsumoto Fertrin
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carlos Chagas, 480, Cidade Universitária, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP 13083-878, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cordero EAA, Veit TD, da Silva MAL, Jacques SMC, Silla LMDR, Chies JAB. HLA-G polymorphism influences the susceptibility to HCV infection in sickle cell disease patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 74:308-13. [PMID: 19775370 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite its well known monogenic etiopathogenesis, sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by a striking variability of clinical presentation. There is growing evidence that genetic factors may be involved in this variability. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non-classical HLA molecule which was shown to be expressed at sites of inflammation and in inflammatory diseases. Besides its large and highly polymorphic promoter region, the 3' UTR region seems also to play an important role on regulating HLA-G expression. We investigated the influence of the 14 pb (rs1704) and the +3142 (rs1063320) HLA-G polymorphisms in 93 SCD patients in order to evaluate its potential role on clinical parameters. Twenty-one patients presented an HCV infection. Among all SCD patients 16 (22.2%) were homozygous for the +3142C genotype, none of them hepatitis C (HCV) positive. Controlling for blood transfusions in the last year, the C allele represented a dose dependent protection effect for HCV infection (PR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.24-0.71). The +3142C allele was also underrepresented among patients with history of respiratory-tract infections. Our results support a role of the +3142 polymorphism in the susceptibility to infections, in particular to HCV infection, and suggest a possible interference of the HLA-G molecule in the response to infections, among SCD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A A Cordero
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mucenic T, Brenol JCT, Bredemeier M, Paiva dos Santos B, Chies JAB, Monticielo OA, Xavier RM. Glu298Asp eNOS polymorphism is not associated with SLE. Lupus 2009; 18:448-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203308100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To examine potential associations of the Glu298Asp polymorphism in the coding region of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with susceptibility to and clinical expression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One hundred thirteen consecutive patients of European ancestry with diagnosis of SLE, satisfying the American College of Rheumatology criteria, from the outpatient clinic of the Serviço de Reumatologia of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and 206 healthy controls from the same geographic area were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction for the Glu298Asp polymorphism in the coding region of the eNOS gene. Clinical, demographic, and laboratorial data were collected. Clinical manifestations of SLE and related diseases were evaluated for the association with specific genotypes. The allelic and genotypic distribution of the Glu298Asp did not differ significantly between SLE patients and controls. We found no association of the polymorphism with lupus nephritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and risk factors to CVD. The presented results in this study do not provide support for a major role of eNOS Glu298Asp neither in the susceptibility for SLE or clinical manifestations, although there was low statistical power for the latter evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Mucenic
- MD Postgraduate student: Medical Sciences; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
| | - JCT Brenol
- PhD in Medicine: Medical Sciences, UFRGS. Assistant Professor of the Internal Medicine Department, UFRGS
| | - M Bredemeier
- PhD in Medicine: Medical Sciences, UFRGS. Division of Rheumatology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
| | | | - JAB Chies
- PhD in Life Sciences – Immunology, Paris VI University. Assistant Professor in the Genetics Department, UFRGS
| | - OA Monticielo
- MD Postgraduate student: Medical Sciences; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
| | - RM Xavier
- PhD in Immunology, Shimane University, Japan. Assistant Professor of the Internal Medicine Department, UFRGS
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alves PM, Martins PRJ, Dias FDL, Burbano RMR, Bianchi MDLP, Antunes LMG. Sensitivity to cisplatin-induced mutations and elevated chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes from sickle cell disease patients. Clin Exp Med 2008; 8:31-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-008-0153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|