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Integrate CRISPR/Cas9 for protein expression of HLA-B*38:68Q via precise gene editing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8067. [PMID: 31147565 PMCID: PMC6542842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of null- or low-expressed HLA alleles is clinically relevant in both hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation. We studied the expression level of a questionable (Q) HLA-B*38:68Q allele, which carries a 9-nucleotide (nt) deletion at codon 230–232 in exon 4 of HLA-B*38:01:01:01 using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of HLA-B*38:01:01:01 homozygous EBV B cell line resulted in one HLA-B*38:68Q/B*38:01:01:01 heterozygous and one HLA-B*38:68Q homozygous clone. Flow cytometric analysis of monoclonal anti-Bw4 antibody showed the protein expression of HLA-B*38:01:01:01 in homozygous cells was 2.2 fold higher than HLA-B*38:68Q/B*38:01:01:01 heterozygous cells, and the expression of HLA-B*38:68Q/B*38:01:01:01 heterozygous cells was over 2.0 fold higher than HLA-B*38:68Q homozygous cells. The HLA-B*38:68Q expression was further confirmed using anti-B38 polyclonal antibody. Similarly, the expression of the HLA-B*38:01:01:01 homozygous cells was 1.5 fold higher than that of HLA-B*38:68Q/B*38:01:01:01 heterozygous cells, and the HLA-B*38:68Q/B*38:01:01:01 heterozygous cells was over 1.6 fold higher than that of HLA-B*38:68Q homozygous cells. The treatment of HLA-B*38:68Q homozygous cells with IFN-γ significantly increased its expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that HLA-B*38:68Q is a low-expressing HLA allele. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a useful tool to induce precise gene editing in HLA genes to enable the characterization of HLA gene variants on expression and function.
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Voorter CEM, Matern B, Tran TH, Fink A, Vidan-Jeras B, Montanic S, Fischer G, Fae I, de Santis D, Whidborne R, Andreani M, Testi M, Groeneweg M, Tilanus MGJ. Full-length extension of HLA allele sequences by HLA allele-specific hemizygous Sanger sequencing (SSBT). Hum Immunol 2018; 79:763-772. [PMID: 30107213 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The gold standard for typing at the allele level of the highly polymorphic Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) gene system is sequence based typing. Since sequencing strategies have mainly focused on identification of the peptide binding groove, full-length sequence information is lacking for >90% of the HLA alleles. One of the goals of the 17th IHIWS workshop is to establish full-length sequences for as many HLA alleles as possible. In our component "Extension of HLA sequences by full-length HLA allele-specific hemizygous Sanger sequencing" we have used full-length hemizygous Sanger Sequence Based Typing to achieve this goal. We selected samples of which full length sequences were not available in the IPD-IMGT/HLA database. In total we have generated the full-length sequences of 48 HLA-A, 45 -B and 31 -C alleles. For HLA-A extended alleles, 39/48 showed no intron differences compared to the first allele of the corresponding allele group, for HLA-B this was 26/45 and for HLA-C 20/31. Comparing the intron sequences to other alleles of the same allele group revealed that in 5/48 HLA-A, 16/45 HLA-B and 8/31 HLA-C alleles the intron sequence was identical to another allele of the same allele group. In the remaining 10 cases, the sequence either showed polymorphism at a conserved nucleotide or was the result of a gene conversion event. Elucidation of the full-length sequence gives insight in the polymorphic content of the alleles and facilitates the identification of its evolutionary origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E M Voorter
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben Matern
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thuong Hien Tran
- Transplantation Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Fink
- Transplantation Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Blanka Vidan-Jeras
- Tissue Typing Center, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sendi Montanic
- Tissue Typing Center, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gottfried Fischer
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Blood Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Fae
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Blood Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dianne de Santis
- Department of Clinical Immunology, PathWest, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Rebecca Whidborne
- Department of Clinical Immunology, PathWest, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Marco Andreani
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplant Biology, IME Foundation, Policlinic of the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Testi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplant Biology, IME Foundation, Policlinic of the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mathijs Groeneweg
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G J Tilanus
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Yang KL, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Recognition of the deduced probable HLA haplotypes associated with HLA low incidence alleles B∗13:50 (A∗11:02-B∗13:50-DRB1∗07:01) and B∗51:39 (A∗02-B∗51:39-DRB1∗15; and A∗11-B∗51:39-DRB1∗15) in Taiwanese unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors. Tzu Chi Med J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcmj.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Föll D, Hinrichs J, Tischer S, Battermann A, Schambach A, Figueiredo C, Immenschuh S, Blasczyk R, Eiz-Vesper B. Closing the gap: discrimination of the expression profile of HLA questionable alleles by a cytokine-induced secretion approach using HLA-A*32:11Q. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 79:340-50. [PMID: 22489943 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01864.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Matching of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles between donors and recipients plays a major role in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Null or questionably expressed HLA allelic variants are a major issue in HLA matching, because the aberrant expression of such alleles can have a major impact on the outcome of HSCT and/or its complications such as graft-versus-host disease. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of a recently developed cytokine-induced secretion assay to differentiate the expression levels of HLA-A*32:11Q (questionable) into a null (N) or low (L) expression variant. An amino acid mutation at position 164 of HLA-A*32:11Q disrupts the disulfide bridge in the α2 domain. HLA-A*32:11Q is not detectable by standard microlymphocytotoxicity assay. To this end, we cloned soluble HLA-A*32:11Q and a reference allele (HLA-A*32:01) into expression vectors and transfected/transduced HEK293 and K562 cells. Allele-expressing K562 cells were simultaneously transfected/transduced with a β2-microglobulin (B2M)-encoding vector to ensure the intact HLA structure with B2M. After treatment with proinflammatory cytokines, secreted soluble HLA molecules were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the supernatant and intracellular accumulation of the recombinant proteins by flow cytometry. HLA-A*32:11Q was nearly undetectable in untreated transfectants. Cytokine treatment increased the secretion of HLA-A*32:11Q to detectable levels and resulted in intracellular accumulation of the allele. There was no difference in mRNA transcription between the A*32 alleles. On the basis of these results, we recommend reclassification of HLA-A*32:11Q as a low expression (L) variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Föll
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Marsh SGE, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Fernández-Viña M, Geraghty DE, Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Lau M, Lee KW, Mach B, Maiers M, Mayr WR, Müller CR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Tiercy JM, Trowsdale J. Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2010. [PMID: 20356336 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0039.2010.01466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Marsh SGE, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Fernández-Viña M, Geraghty DE, Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Lau M, Lee KW, Mach B, Maiers M, Mayr WR, Müller CR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Tiercy JM, Trowsdale J. Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2010; 75:291-455. [PMID: 20356336 PMCID: PMC2848993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3014] [Impact Index Per Article: 215.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Marsh SG. Nomenclature for Factors of the HLA System, Update December 2006. Hum Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G E Marsh
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
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