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Zykova MV, Bratishko KA, Buyko EE, Azarkina LA, Ivanov VV, Mihalyov DA, Trofimova ES, Danilets MG, Ligacheva AA, Konstantinov AI, Ufandeev AA, Rabtsevich ES, Drygunova LA, Zima AP, Bashirov SR, Udut EV, Belousov MV. Coal-Derived Humic Substances: Insight into Chemical Structure Parameters and Biomedical Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:1530. [PMID: 38611808 PMCID: PMC11013056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An investigation was carried out on humic substances (HSs) isolated from the coal of the Kansk-Achinsk basin (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia). The coal HSs demonstrate the main parameters of molecular structure inherent to this class of natural compounds. An assessment was performed for the chemical, microbiological, and pharmacological safety parameters, as well as the biological efficacy. The HS sample meets the safety requirements in microbiological purity, toxic metals content (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic), and radionuclides. The presence of 11 essential elements was determined. The absence of general, systemic toxicity, cytotoxicity, and allergenic properties was demonstrated. The coal HS sample was classified as a Class V hazard (low danger substances). High antioxidant and antiradical activities and immunotropic and cytoprotective properties were identified. The ability of the HS to inhibit hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals was revealed. Pronounced actoprotective and nootropic activities were also demonstrated in vivo. Intragastric administration of the HS sample resulted in the improvement of physical parameters in mice as assessed by the "swim exhaustion" test. Furthermore, intragastric administration in mice with cholinergic dysfunction led to a higher ability of animals with scopolamine-induced amnesia to form conditioned reflexes. These findings suggest that the studied HS sample is a safe and effective natural substance, making it suitable for use as a dietary bioactive supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Zykova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Kristina A. Bratishko
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgeny E. Buyko
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Azarkina
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Vladimir V. Ivanov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Dmitrii A. Mihalyov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgeniya S. Trofimova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Marina G. Danilets
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Anastasia A. Ligacheva
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (M.G.D.); (A.A.L.)
| | - Andrey I. Konstantinov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander A. Ufandeev
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Evgenia S. Rabtsevich
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
- Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa A. Drygunova
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Anastasia P. Zima
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Sergey R. Bashirov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Udut
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Mikhail V. Belousov
- Pharmaceutical Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.A.B.); (E.E.B.); (L.A.A.); (V.V.I.); (D.A.M.); (E.S.T.); (A.A.U.); (E.S.R.); (L.A.D.); (A.P.Z.); (S.R.B.); (E.V.U.); (M.V.B.)
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Arginase Activity in Eisenia andrei Coelomocytes: Function in the Earthworm Innate Response. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073687. [PMID: 33916228 PMCID: PMC8037997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginase is the manganese metalloenzyme catalyzing the conversion of l-arginine to l-ornithine and urea. In vertebrates, arginase is involved in the immune response, tissue regeneration, and wound healing and is an important marker of alternative anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. In invertebrates, data concerning the role of arginase in these processes are very limited. Therefore, in the present study, we focused on the changes in arginase activity in the coelomocytes of Eisenia andrei. We studied the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), heavy metals ions (e.g., Mn2+), parasite infection, wound healing, and short-term fasting (5 days) on arginase activity. For the first time in earthworms, we described arginase activity in the coelomocytes and found that it can be up-regulated upon in vitro stimulation with LPS and H2O2 and in the presence of Mn2+ ions. Moreover, arginase activity was also up-regulated in animals in vivo infected with nematodes or experiencing segment amputation, but not in fasting earthworms. Furthermore, we confirmed that the activity of coelomocyte arginase can be suppressed by l-norvaline. Our studies strongly suggest that similarly to the vertebrates, also in the earthworms, coelomocyte arginase is an important element of the immune response and wound healing processes.
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Pemmari A, Paukkeri EL, Hämäläinen M, Leppänen T, Korhonen R, Moilanen E. MKP-1 promotes anti-inflammatory M(IL-4/IL-13) macrophage phenotype and mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 124:404-415. [PMID: 30388313 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization refers to the ability of these cells to adopt different functional phenotypes according to their environment. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is known to regulate the classical lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and the inflammatory response. Here, we investigated the effects of MKP-1 on the anti-inflammatory and healing-promoting macrophage phenotype induced by cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 and examined the potential mediator role of MKP-1 in glucocorticoid effects on the two macrophage phenotypes. In MKP-1-deficient macrophages treated with IL-4 and IL-13 to induce the anti-inflammatory phenotype, the expression of phenotypic markers arginase 1, Ym-1 and FGF2 was reduced as compared to wild-type cells. In contrast, LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and iNOS was significantly higher in MKP-1-deficient macrophages. Dexamethasone suppressed the pro-inflammatory phenotype and enhanced the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Interestingly, both of these glucocorticoid effects were attenuated in macrophages from MKP-1-deficient mice. Accordingly, dexamethasone increased MKP-1 expression in both LPS- and IL4+13-treated wild-type cells. In conclusion, the findings support MKP-1 as an endogenous mechanism able to shift macrophage activation from the classical pro-inflammatory state towards the anti-inflammatory and healing-promoting phenotype. In addition, MKP-1 was found to mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone in a dualistic manner: by suppressing the pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and by enhancing the healing-promoting macrophage phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Pemmari
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Erja-Leena Paukkeri
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Leppänen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riku Korhonen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Sosroseno W, Bird P, Seymour G. Nitric oxide production by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells) stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans surface-associated material. Anaerobe 2011; 17:246-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Menzies FM, Henriquez FL, Alexander J, Roberts CW. Sequential expression of macrophage anti-microbial/inflammatory and wound healing markers following innate, alternative and classical activation. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 160:369-79. [PMID: 20059482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the temporal dynamics of macrophage activation marker expression in response to variations in stimulation. We demonstrate that markers can be categorized as 'early' (expressed most abundantly at 6 h post-stimulation) or 'late' (expressed at 24 h post-stimulation). Thus nos2 and p40 (IL-12/IL-23) are early markers of innate and classical activation, while dectin-1 and mrc-1 are early markers and fizz1 (found in inflammatory zone-1) and ym1 are late markers of alternative activation. Furthermore, argI is a late marker of both innate and alternative activation. The ability of interferon (IFN)-gamma to alter these activation markers was studied at both the protein level and gene level. As reported previously, IFN-gamma was able to drive macrophages towards the classical phenotype by enhancing nos2 gene expression and enzyme activity and p40 (IL-12/IL-23) gene expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. IFN-gamma antagonized alternative macrophage activation, as evident by reduced expression of dectin-1, mrc-1, fizz1 and ym1 mRNA transcripts. In addition, IFN-gamma antagonized arginase activity irrespective of whether macrophages were activated innately or alternatively. Our data explain some apparent contradictions in the literature, demonstrate temporal plasticity in macrophage activation states and define for the first time 'early' and 'late' markers associated with anti-microbial/inflammatory and wound healing responses, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Menzies
- Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Sosroseno W, Bird PS, Seymour GJ. Nitric oxide production by a human osteoblast cell line stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 24:50-5. [PMID: 19121070 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2008.00475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Human osteoblasts induced by inflammatory stimuli express an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide stimulates the production of nitric oxide (NO) by a human osteoblast-like cell line (HOS cells). METHODS Cells were stimulated directly with A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide or pretreated with the following l-NIL (an iNOS inhibitor), anti-CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), or TLR4 antibody before stimulation with A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. The role of the cyclic nucleotides was assessed by pretreating the cells with the following; ODQ (a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor); SQ22536 (an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor); db-cAMP (a cyclic adenosine monophosphate analog); br-cGMP (a cyclic guanosine monophosphate analog); forskolin (an adenylyl cyclase activator), IBMX [a non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor], or KT5720 [a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor]. The cells were also preincubated with genistein [a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor], bisindolylmaleimide [a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor], BPB [a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor], and NDGA (a lipoxygenase inhibitor). The iNOS activity and nitrite production in the cell cultures were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS The results showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide stimulated both iNOS activity and nitrite production by HOS cells; this was reduced by l-NIL, anti-CD14, or anti-TLR4 antibody, SQ22536, KT5720, genistein, bisindolylmaleimde, BPB, and NDGA, but was enhanced by db-cAMP, IBMX, and forskolin. CONCLUSION These results therefore suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide may induce the production of NO by HOS cells via a CD14-TLR4 molecule complex, a cAMP-PKA pathway, as well as by a PTK, PKC, PLA2, and lipoxygenase-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sosroseno
- School of Dentistry, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.
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Gheren LW, Cortelli JR, Rodrigues E, Holzhausen M, Saad WA. Periodontal therapy reduces arginase activity in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2007; 12:67-72. [PMID: 17701233 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-007-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This present study evaluated the salivary arginase activity (SAA) in patients with chronic periodontitis and the effect of periodontal therapy on the activity of such enzyme. Thirty-six patients (mean age, 45.97 +/- 14.52), 18 chronic periodontitis subjects (test group), and 18 periodontally healthy individuals (control group) participated in the study. Clinical periodontal examinations included measurements of probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque (PI), and gingival (GI) indexes. The test group received periodontal therapy according to individual needs. The saliva sample was collected from all study population at baseline (both groups) and 30 days after periodontal therapy (test group). SAA was determined by measuring the L: -ornithine formation from L-arginine and was expressed as mU/ml. The results showed that the mean values of SAA were statistically different between control and test groups. SAA was about 2.5 times higher in test than control groups. Thirty days after periodontal therapy, enzyme levels were 1.56 times lower than before periodontal therapy. We concluded that SAA is increased in chronic periodontitis subjects when compared to periodontally healthy individuals and that periodontal therapy significantly reduced SAA levels. It was suggested that in the near future, SAA may be used as a salivary marker of periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Gheren
- Dental Research, Department of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
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Sosroseno W, Musa M, Ravichandran M, Fikri Ibrahim M, Bird PS, Seymour GJ. The role of cyclic-AMP on arginase activity by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 21:347-52. [PMID: 17064391 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2006.00300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to determine the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on arginase activity in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cells were treated with A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS for 24 h. The effects of SQ22536 (an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor), ODQ (a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor), dibutyryl cAMP (a cAMP analog), 8-bromo cyclic guanosine monophosphate (a cGMP analog), forskolin (an adenylyl cylase activator), and cycloheximide (a protein synthesis inhibitor) on arginase activity in A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were also determined. Arginase activity was assessed in LPS-stimulated cells in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), siguazodan and rolipram [phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors] as well as KT5720 [a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor]. RESULTS Arginase activity in A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was suppressed by SQ22536 but not ODQ. Enhancement of arginase activity was observed in the presence of cAMP analog or forskolin but not cGMP analog. Cycloheximide blocked arginase activity in the cells in the presence of cAMP analog or forskolin with or without A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS. IBMX augmented arginase activity in A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-stimulated cells. Rolipram (a PDE4 inhibitor) increased the levels of arginase activity higher than siguazodan (a PDE3 inhibitor) in the antigen-stimulated cells. The effect of cAMP analog or forskolin on arginase activity in the presence or absence of A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS was blocked by the PKA inhibitor (KT5720). CONCLUSION The results of the present study suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS may stimulate arginase activity in murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) in a cAMP-PKA-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sosroseno
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.
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