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Guilherme Neto JL, Rodrigues Venturini LG, Schneider AH, Taira TM, Duffles Rodrigues LF, Veras FP, Oliveira SR, da Silva TA, Cunha FQ, Fukada SY. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Aggravate Apical Periodontitis by Stimulating Osteoclast Formation. J Endod 2023; 49:1514-1521. [PMID: 37619708 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been described as structures composed of DNA and proteins, such as elastase and myeloperoxidase, that are able to kill bacteria extracellularly. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of NETs in bone resorption observed in pulp infection-induced apical periodontitis in mice. METHODS Apical periodontitis was experimentally induced by exposing the dental pulp of the mandibular first molar of mice to the oral microenvironment. The expression of NETs was evaluated by immunofluorescence in mice and biopsies of apical periodontitis. Mice were treated with vehicle or DNase I to degrade NETs, and the samples were collected after 7 days. The size of the apical lesion and the osteoclast number were determined in hematoxylin-eosin- and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-stained sections, respectively. Osteoclast differentiation and function markers were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The level of NETs in the serum was determined by the myeloperoxidase-DNA PicoGreen assay. RESULTS We first confirmed the presence of neutrophils and NETs at the site of the lesion in mice and in biopsies of patients with apical periodontitis. The treatment of mice with DNase I reduced the level of NETs in the serum and led to a reduction in apical lesion size and alveolar bone resorption. This effect was associated with a reduction of local inflammatory infiltrate and a reduced number of osteoclasts. We found that the increased expression of Acp5, Ctsk, and Rankl genes associated with osteoclast formation and function were abrogated by the absence of NETs. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight NETs as an important player in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis with regard to the local inflammation and consequent bone resorption after pulp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Luiz Guilherme Neto
- Laboratory of Bone Biology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gabriel Rodrigues Venturini
- Laboratory of Bone Biology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ayda Henriques Schneider
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaise Mayumi Taira
- Laboratory of Bone Biology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Fernanda Duffles Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Bone Biology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Protásio Veras
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sicília Rezende Oliveira
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida da Silva
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Dentistry School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Queiroz Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Yasuyo Fukada
- Laboratory of Bone Biology, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Colić M, Vasilijić S, Gazivoda D, Vucević D, Marjanović M, Lukić A. Interleukin-17 plays a role in exacerbation of inflammation within chronic periapical lesions. Eur J Oral Sci 2007; 115:315-20. [PMID: 17697172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2007.00460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 plays an important role in inflammation and certain autoimmune diseases. However, its role in the pathogenesis of chronic dental periapical lesions has not been studied. Periapical lesion mononuclear cells (PL-MNC) were isolated from inflammatory cells and phenotypically analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The cells were cultured in vitro and IL-17 and IL-8 were measured in the culture supernatants. Controls were peripheral blood (PB) MNC. The level of IL-17 and the proportion of neutrophils were significantly higher in symptomatic lesions. In addition, the production of IL-17 was higher in culture supernatants of PL-MNC isolated from lesions with a predominance of T cells, and the IL-17 concentration correlated with the proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ cells. There was a positive correlation between the levels of IL-17 and IL-8 in the group of symptomatic lesions. The relationship between these cytokines was additionally confirmed on the basis of augmented production of IL-8 by both PL-MNC and PB-MNC treated with IL-17. Our results suggest that IL-17, by stimulating the production of IL-8, may play a role in exacerbating inflammation within chronic periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miodrag Colić
- Institute for Medical Research, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11002 Belgrade, Serbia.
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