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Azcorra H, Dickinson F, Mendez-Dominguez N, Mumm R, Valentín G. Development of birthweight and length for gestational age and sex references in Yucatan, Mexico. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23732. [PMID: 35179265 PMCID: PMC9285606 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop sex- and gestational age specific reference percentiles and curves for birth weight and length for Yucatec neonates using data from birth registers of infants born during 2015-2019. MATERIAL AND METHODS Observational, descriptive, epidemiologic study in a 5-year period including every registered birth in the state of Yucatan, Mexico using birth registries. A total of 158 432 live, physically healthy singletons (76 442 females and 81 990 males) between 25 and 42 weeks of gestation were included in the analysis. We used the LMS method to construct smoothed reference centiles (3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 95th, and 97th) and curves for males and females separately. RESULTS Mean maternal age was 26 (SD = 6.22) years. Fifty-two percent of births occurred by vaginal delivery, 37% were firstborn and similar proportions were second (33%) and third or more (30%) born. 5.5% of newborns included in the references corresponds to neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation (5.9% boys and 5.1% girls). In both sexes, the percentage of infants with a birthweight less than 2500 g was 6.7%. The birthweight at the 50th percentile for males and females at 40 weeks of gestation in this cohort was 3256 and 3167 g, respectively, and the corresponding values for birth length were 50.23 and 49.84 cm (mean differences between sexes: 89 g and 0.40 cm, respectively). CONCLUSION The reference percentile and curves developed in this study are useful for research purposes and can help health practitioners to assess the biological status of infants born in Yucatán.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Azcorra
- Centro de Investigaciones Silvio Zavala, Universidad Modelo, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Nina Mendez-Dominguez
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Rebekka Mumm
- Department of Human Biology, University of Potsdam, Germany
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Ivey Henry P, Morelli GA. Niche Construction in Hunter-Gatherer Infancy: Growth and Health Trade-Offs Inform Social Agency. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76000-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Genomic imprinting, an inherently epigenetic phenomenon defined by parent of origin-dependent gene expression, is observed in mammals and flowering plants. Genome-scale surveys of imprinted expression and the underlying differential epigenetic marks have led to the discovery of hundreds of imprinted plant genes and confirmed DNA and histone methylation as key regulators of plant imprinting. However, the biological roles of the vast majority of imprinted plant genes are unknown, and the evolutionary forces shaping plant imprinting remain rather opaque. Here, we review the mechanisms of plant genomic imprinting and discuss theories of imprinting evolution and biological significance in light of recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Rodrigues
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel Zilberman
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Arnal A, Tissot T, Ujvari B, Nunney L, Solary E, Laplane L, Bonhomme F, Vittecoq M, Tasiemski A, Renaud F, Pujol P, Roche B, Thomas F. The guardians of inherited oncogenic vulnerabilities. Evolution 2015; 70:1-6. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Arnal
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Tazzio Tissot
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Beata Ujvari
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences; Deakin University; Waurn Ponds Australia
| | - Leonard Nunney
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside California
- Center for Evolution and Cancer; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco California
| | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1009; Université Paris-Sud; Gustave Roussy Villejuif France
| | - Lucie Laplane
- INSERM U1009; Université Paris-Sud; Gustave Roussy Villejuif France
| | - François Bonhomme
- ISEM Institut des sciences de l’évolution, Université Montpellier 2; CNRS; Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Marion Vittecoq
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- Centre de Recherche de la Tour du Valat; le Sambuc; 13200 Arles France
| | - Aurélie Tasiemski
- University of Lille, CNRS; UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, 59000 Lille; France
| | - François Renaud
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Service de génétique médicale et chromosomique, Unité d'oncogénétique, CHRU de Montpellier; Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve; 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud 34295 Montpellier France
| | - Benjamin Roche
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- International Center for Mathematical and Computational Modeling of Complex Systems (UMI IRD/UPMC UMMISCO); 32 Avenue Henri Varagnat; 93143 Bondy Cedex France
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC, MIVEGEC; UMR IRD/CNRS/UM 5290; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Hõrak P, Valge M. Why did children grow so well at hard times? The ultimate importance of pathogen control during puberty. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015. [PMID: 26198188 PMCID: PMC4530472 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eov017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Secular increase in human height and performance occurred in Europe throughout the 20th century despite the temporally worsening access to nutrients during and after World War II. This pattern is paradoxical under the assumption of the major impact of pre- and postnatal growth conditions for determination of adult size and human capital. Methodology: We examined the anthropometric parameters of Estonian girls born between 1938 and 1953, and measured around the age of 17 (n = 1475). This period involved two opposite trends in the economic and epidemiological situation: increasing birth-time economic hardships during the war and particularly in the post-war period, and decreasing infant mortality (a proxy of disease burden) after 1947. Results: Height of girls was negatively affected by the number of siblings and positively by parental socioeconomic position, but these effects were weaker than the secular trend. Leg length (an indicator of pre-pubertal growth conditions) was independent of age and birth date while all other traits, including measures of performance (cranial volume, lung capacity and handgrip strength) showed acceleration. The best predictor of size at age 17 was, in most cases, infant mortality in the year when the girls were aged 11. Conclusions and implications: Reduction of disease burden during pubertal growth can override effects of resource shortage at birth. Our results also support the idea that increasing efficiency of pathogen control can contribute to the secular increase in cognitive abilities, i.e. the Flynn effect, and that epidemiological transition is the main driver of secular increase in human capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeter Hõrak
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Tartu University, Vanemuise 46, 51014, Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Markus Valge
- Institute of Psychology, Tartu University, Näituse 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
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Longitudinal changes in maternal and neonatal anthropometrics: a case study of the Helsinki Birth Cohort, 1934-1944. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2015; 6:285-90. [PMID: 25711942 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174415000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Changes in anthropometrics often reflect changes in living conditions, and one's characteristics at birth may be associated with future health. The aim of this study was to investigate the secular trends in maternal and neonatal anthropometrics in the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. The study participants, thus, comprised all 13,345 live births recorded in Helsinki, Finland, between 1934 and 1944. Adult characteristics of the clinical subsample comprised of 2003 individuals, alive during 2003, were also analyzed. Linear Regression analysis with seasonal terms was applied to see whether clinically and statistically significant trends can be found in maternal age, height and body mass index (BMI) at pregnancy; gestational age, birth weight, ponderal index and sex ratio; and adult height, BMI and fat percentage. Statistically significant trends were found in maternal age and maternal BMI with abrupt changes between 1941 and 1944. Gestational age increased by an average of 0.11% per year (P<0.0001), and the proportion of premature births dropped from 7.9% in 1934 to 4.5% in 1944 (P<0.0001). In the clinical sample, a statistically significant, although small, average annual increase of 0.1% in adult heights was detected (P=0.0012 for men and P=0.0035 for women). In conclusion, although no significant changes were found in either neonatal or adult anthropometrics of babies born in Helsinki between 1934 and 1944, there were abrupt changes in the characteristics of their mothers.
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Bañuls AL, Thomas F, Renaud F. Of parasites and men. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 20:61-70. [PMID: 23954419 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The living world has evolved and is evolving through interspecific relationships between organisms. The diversity of these interactions is enormous going from mutualism to parasitism. Humans live with a multitude of microorganisms, essential for their biology. However, interactions are not always advantageous. Indeed, many organisms might become pathogens, such as the Plasmodium species, the causative agents of malaria. Like many other microorganisms, they are «Machiavellian» in their capacity to elaborate a range of reproduction strategies, giving them a huge advantage in terms of adaptation. Here, we discuss the role played by parasites in the ecology and evolution of living organisms and particularly of humans. In the study of infectious diseases, humans are legitimately the focal point, although they represent only one ecosystem among many others and not taking this into account certainly biases our global view of the system. Indeed, we know only a minimal fraction of the microorganisms we live with. However, parasites have shaped and are still shaping the human genome. Several genetic signatures are the proofs of the selection pressures by parasites that humankind has endured during its evolution. But, ultimately, what are the solutionsfor living with pathogens? Should we eradicate them or should we learn how to control and manage them?
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Bañuls
- Laboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS 5290-IRD 224 - Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), PO Box 64501, 34394 Montpellier, France.
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Gerlinskaya LA, Maslennikova SO, Zav’yalov EL, Kontsevaya GV, Moshkin MP. Reproductive success of males of the ICR outbred line during propagation against the background of antigenic stimulation. Russ J Dev Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360412050037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cooper N, Kamilar JM, Nunn CL. Host longevity and parasite species richness in mammals. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42190. [PMID: 22879916 PMCID: PMC3413396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosts and parasites co-evolve, with each lineage exerting selective pressures on
the other. Thus, parasites may influence host life-history characteristics, such
as longevity, and simultaneously host life-history may influence parasite
diversity. If parasite burden causes increased mortality, we expect a negative
association between host longevity and parasite species richness. Alternatively,
if long-lived species represent a more stable environment for parasite
establishment, host longevity and parasite species richness may show a positive
association. We tested these two opposing predictions in carnivores, primates
and terrestrial ungulates using phylogenetic comparative methods and controlling
for the potentially confounding effects of sampling effort and body mass. We
also tested whether increased host longevity is associated with increased
immunity, using white blood cell counts as a proxy for immune investment. Our
analyses revealed weak relationships between parasite species richness and
longevity. We found a significant negative relationship between longevity and
parasite species richness for ungulates, but no significant associations in
carnivores or primates. We also found no evidence for a relationship between
immune investment and host longevity in any of our three groups. Our results
suggest that greater parasite burden is linked to higher host mortality in
ungulates. Thus, shorter-lived ungulates may be more vulnerable to disease
outbreaks, which has implications for ungulate conservation, and may be
applicable to other short-lived mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Cooper
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
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Thomas F, Daoust SP, Raymond M. Can we understand modern humans without considering pathogens? Evol Appl 2012; 5:368-79. [PMID: 25568057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout our evolutionary history, humankind has always lived in contact with large numbers of pathogens. Some cultural traits, such as sedentarization and animal domestication, have considerably increased new parasitic contacts and epidemic transitions. Here, we review the various phenotypic traits that have been proposed to be affected by the highly parasitic human environment, including fertility, birth weight, fluctuating asymmetry, body odours, food recipes, sexual behaviour, pregnancy sickness, language, religion and intellectual quotient. We also discuss how such knowledge is important to understanding several aspects of the current problems faced by humanity in our changing world and to predicting the long-term consequences of parasite eradication policies on our health and well-being. The study of the evolutionary interactions between humans and parasites is a burgeoning and most promising field, as demonstrated by the recent increasing popularity of Darwinian medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon P Daoust
- IRD, MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS/IRD/UM1) Montpellier Cedex 5, France ; Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Raymond
- ISEM, Institut des sciences de l'évolution, Université Montpellier 2 CNRS, Montpellier Cedex, France
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12
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Prokop P, Usak M, Fančovičová J. Risk of parasite transmission influences perceived vulnerability to disease and perceived danger of disease-relevant animals. Behav Processes 2010; 85:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Walker R, Hamilton M. Life‐History Consequences of Density Dependence and the Evolution of Human Body Size. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1086/524763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Poulin R, Thomas F. Epigenetic effects of infection on the phenotype of host offspring: parasites reaching across host generations. OIKOS 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2007.0030-1299.16435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gangestad S, Haselton M, Buss D. AUTHORS' RESPONSE: Toward an Integrative Understanding of Evoked and Transmitted Culture: The Importance of Specialized Psychological Design. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1207/s15327965pli1702_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Walker R, Gurven M, Hill K, Migliano A, Chagnon N, De Souza R, Djurovic G, Hames R, Hurtado AM, Kaplan H, Kramer K, Oliver WJ, Valeggia C, Yamauchi T. Growth rates and life histories in twenty-two small-scale societies. Am J Hum Biol 2006; 18:295-311. [PMID: 16634027 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates variation in body growth (cross-sectional height and weight velocity) among a sample of 22 small-scale societies. Considerable variation in growth exists among hunter-gatherers that overlaps heavily with growth trajectories present in groups focusing more on horticulture. Intergroup variation tends to track environmental conditions, with societies under more favorable conditions displaying faster growth and earlier puberty. In addition, faster/earlier development in females is correlated with higher mortality. For example, African "Pygmies," Philippine "Negritos," and the Hiwi of Venezuela are characterized by relatively fast child-juvenile growth for their adult body size (used as a proxy for energetic availability). In these societies, subadult survival is low, and puberty, menarche, and first reproduction are relatively early (given their adult body size), suggesting selective pressure for accelerated development in the face of higher mortality. In sum, the origin and maintenance of different human ontogenies may require explanations invoking both environmental constraints and selective pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Walker
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131, USA.
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Fredensborg BL, Poulin R. Parasitism shaping host life-history evolution: adaptive responses in a marine gastropod to infection by trematodes. J Anim Ecol 2006; 75:44-53. [PMID: 16903042 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.01021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1. Variation in life-history strategies among conspecific populations indicates the action of local selective pressures; recently, parasitism has been suggested as one of these local forces. 2. Effects of trematode infections on reproductive effort, juvenile growth, size at maturity and susceptibility were investigated among different natural populations of the marine gastropod Zeacumantus subcarinatus, Sowerby 1855. 3. Reproductive effort was not higher in uninfected snails from populations experiencing a high trematode prevalence, but females from high prevalence populations produced significantly larger offspring compared with their conspecifics from other populations. 4. Juvenile growth rate was significantly higher in laboratory-raised snails originating from females in a high prevalence population compared with other populations. 5. Size at maturity, determined by the appearance of functional gonads, was significantly and negatively related to trematode prevalence, and positively related to mean snail size, across 10 populations in the study area. 6. There was no evidence of different host resistance against trematodes in sentinel snails from high and low prevalence populations exposed to the same infection pressure in the field. 7. Our results strongly indicate that Z. subcarinatus adapt to trematodes by reaching maturity early, thereby maximizing their chance of reproducing in populations experiencing a high prevalence of infection by castrating trematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Fredensborg
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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