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Fini C, Cannistrado S. 5‘-Nucleotidase from bull seminal plasma. Biochemical and biophysical aspects: 5’-Nukleotidase aus dem Seminalplasma des Bullen. Biochemische und biophysikalische Aspekte. Andrologia 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1990.tb02069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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2
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Zamzow CR, Bose R, Parkinson FE. The effect of acidosis on adenosine release from cultured rat forebrain neurons. Brain Res 2006; 1082:23-31. [PMID: 16516170 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 01/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During cerebral ischemia, dysregulated glutamate release activates N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors which promotes excitotoxicity and intracellular acidosis. Ischemia also induces cellular adenosine (ADO) release, which activates ADO receptors and reduces neuronal injury. The aim of this research was to determine if decreasing intracellular pH (pH(i)) enhances ADO release from neurons. Rat forebrain neurons were incubated with NMDA, acetate, propionate, 5-(N)-ethyl-N-isopropyl amiloride (EIPA) or low pH buffer. pH(i) was determined with the fluorescent dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester (BCECF-AM) and cellular release of ADO was assayed. NMDA decreased pH(i) and increased ADO release from neurons. Acetate and propionate decreased pH(i) and evoked ADO release from neurons. EIPA, an inhibitor of sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), enhanced the acidosis in neurons but did not enhance ADO release. Decreasing extracellular pH (pH(e)) to 6.8 or 6.45 significantly decreased pH(i) in neurons, but was not consistently associated with increased ADO release. The main finding of this study was that acidosis per se did not enhance ADO release from neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina R Zamzow
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, A203-753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 0T6
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Martínez-Martínez A, Flores-Flores C, Campoy FJ, Muñoz-Delgado E, Fini C, Vidal CJ. Biochemical properties of 5'-nucleotidase from mouse skeletal muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1998; 1386:16-28. [PMID: 9675234 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(98)00056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (eNT) from mouse muscle has been purified after extraction with detergent followed by chromatography on concanavalin A- and AMP-Sepharose. Three fractions were recovered: UF was NT non-retained in immobilised AMP; F-I was bound enzyme eluted with beta-glycerophosphate, and F-II was bound NT released with AMP. eNT was 80000-fold purified in F-II, this fraction showing proteins of 74, 68 and 51 kDa after immunoblotting. NT in UF migrated at 6.7S after centrifugation in sucrose gradients with Triton X-100, the peak being split into two of 6.7S and 4.4S in gradients with Brij 96. Ecto-NT in F-I or F-II migrated at 5.8S in Triton X-100-, or 4.4S in Brij 96-containing gradients. The hydrodynamic behaviour, concentration in Triton X-114, binding to phenyl-agarose, and sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C revealed that enzyme forms in F-I or F-II were amphiphilic dimers with linked phosphatidylinositol residues, whilst most of NT forms in UF were hydrophilic dimers. A zinc/protein molar ratio of 2.2 was determined for eNT in F-II. NT activity was decreased in assays made in imidazole buffer, and was partly restored with 10 microM Zn2+ or 100 microM Mn2+. In assays with Tris buffer, NT showed a Km for AMP of 12 microM, and was competitively inhibited by ATP or ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Universidad de Murcia, Apdo. 4021, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
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Skladanowski AC, Hoffmann C, Krass J, Jastorff B, Makarewicz W. Structure-activity relationship of cytoplasmic 5'-nucleotidase substrate sites. Biochem J 1996; 314 ( Pt 3):1001-7. [PMID: 8615751 PMCID: PMC1217106 DOI: 10.1042/bj3141001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Various 5'-nucleotidases (EC 3.1.3.5) exist in vertebrate tissues. The sequence and cDNA cloning of the membrane-bound ecto-5'-nucleotidase (e-N) and one of the cytosolic isoenzymes, IMP-preferring (c-N-II), but not the cytosolic AMP-preferring form (c-N-I), have been reported. While c-N-II has a broad tissue distribution, c-N-I is found only in vertebrate heart. The published data on substrate specificity involve mainly the naturally occurring nucleoside monophosphates, without a systematic structure-activity relationship study. In the present study we have used a series of AMP and IMP analogues to examine the structure-activity relationship for c-N-I and c-N-II in detail. The rank order of activity of the test compounds differed substantially between c-N-I and c-N-II. c-N-I and c-N-II varied with respect to the following interactions with substrate: (1) hydrogen-bond formation with the substituent in the 6-position of the purine ring (a donor-type with c-N-I and an acceptor-type with c-N-II); and (2) hydrophobic attraction of the 6-position unsubstituted purine ring (more pronounced with c-N-I than with c-N-II). No better substrate than 5'-AMP was found for c-N-I. We propose that c-N-I functions as an AMP-binding protein in the myocardial cell with an important role during ischaemic ATP breakdown when AMP accumulates rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Skladanowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
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Omar MS, Raoof AM. Histochemical distribution of hydrolytic enzymes in adult Onchocerca fasciata (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae). Parasitol Res 1994; 80:216-22. [PMID: 8036235 DOI: 10.1007/bf00932677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Histochemical techniques were employed to study the tissue distribution of hydrolytic enzymes in adult female Onchocerca fasciata (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae). Different tissues differed considerably in the localization and distribution of the six enzymes studied. Acid phosphatase (AcPase) activity was detected in the cuticle, hypodermis and reproductive organs. Alkaline phosphatase (AlkPase) activity was largely absent. Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) was found in the somatic musculature and muscles of the uterine ducts, whereas 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nu) was restricted to young oocytes and dividing embryos in the female worm. Strong glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) activity was demonstrated in the uterine epithelial cells and microfilariae, as was weak activity in the hypodermis. Naphthylamidase (NAM) activity was detected in the hypodermis, with lower activity occurring in the somatic musculature. The possible functions of these enzymes are discussed with respect to their location. The hydrolytic enzymes AcPase and NAM in the body wall are probably involved in absorptive-digestive functions, NAM in the somatic musculature may be concerned with tissue protein turnover, and ATPase, 5'-Nu and G-6-Pase may have a role in active transport and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Omar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Mehul B, Doyennette-Moyne MA, Aubery M, Codogno P, Mannherz HG. Enzymatic activity and in vivo distribution of 5'-nucleotidase, an extracellular matrix binding glycoprotein, during the development of chicken striated muscle. Exp Cell Res 1992; 203:62-71. [PMID: 1330659 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(92)90040-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ecto-enzyme 5'-nucleotidase isolated from chicken gizzard has previously been shown to be a potent ligand of two glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix, namely fibronectin and laminin. Using immunofluorescent labeling techniques we observed that 5'-nucleotidase codistributed with laminin during the development of chicken striated muscle. In contrast, ecto-5'-nucleotidase was only faintly detectable on cells surrounded by a matrix expressing high levels of fibronectin. This distribution pattern distinguished 5'-nucleotidase from the pluripotent extracellular matrix receptors, chicken beta 1-integrins, which are expressed equally well in muscle and connective tissue. In addition, the specific activity of striated muscle ecto-5'-nucleotidase was stable during development and increased markedly posthatching. At each age considered, this specific activity corresponded to an 80-kDa enzyme which was inhibited by alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine diphosphate or by a monoclonal antibody directed against the smooth muscle isoform of the enzyme. Previous in vitro studies have revealed that 5'-nucleotidase is involved in the spreading of various mesenchyme-derived cells, such as chicken embryonic fibroblasts and myoblasts, on a laminin substrate. A prerequisite to examining a potential in vivo role for 5'-nucleotidase as an extracellular matrix ligand was to study its distribution. In adult muscle, 5'-nucleotidase displayed a more restricted distribution than in embryo. Results show that, in vivo, 5'-nucleotidase is revealed by immunofluorescent labeling using poly- and monoclonal antibodies to chicken gizzard 5'-nucleotidase in two structures, the costameres and myotendinous junctions, which are closely related to the focal adhesion sites observed in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mehul
- UNITE 180 INSERM, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Reconnaissance Cellulaires, Paris, France
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zimmermann
- AK Neurochemie, Zoologisches Institut, J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany
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Vogel M, Kowalewski H, Zimmermann H, Hooper NM, Turner AJ. Soluble low-Km 5'-nucleotidase from electric-ray (Torpedo marmorata) electric organ and bovine cerebral cortex is derived from the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored ectoenzyme by phospholipase C cleavage. Biochem J 1992; 284 ( Pt 3):621-4. [PMID: 1535775 PMCID: PMC1132579 DOI: 10.1042/bj2840621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Soluble and membrane-bound low-Km 5'-nucleotidase was isolated from high-speed supernatants and membrane fractions derived from the electric organ of the electric ray (Torpedo marmorata) or from bovine brain cerebral cortex. Purification of both enzymes included chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and AMP-Sepharose. The contribution to the total of soluble enzyme activity was lower in electric organ (1.6%) than in bovine cerebral cortex (27.9%). Membrane-bound and soluble forms have very similar Km values for AMP and are inhibited by micromolar concentrations of ATP. Both forms cross-react with, and are inhibited by, an antibody against the membrane-bound surface-located (ecto-) 5'-nucleotidase from electric organ. The HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope is present on both forms of the Torpedo enzyme, but is entirely absent from bovine cerebral-cortex 5'-nucleotidase. An antibody specific for the inositol 1,2-(cyclic)monophosphate that is formed on phospholipase C cleavage of an intact glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor binds to the soluble, but not to the membrane-bound, form of the enzyme from both sources. Our results suggest that soluble low-Km 5'-nucleotidase in both electric organ and bovine brain is derived from the membrane-bound GPI-anchored form of the enzyme by the action of a phospholipase C and is not a soluble cytoplasmic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vogel
- Zoologisches Institut, J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany
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Tozzi MG, Camici M, Pesi R, Allegrini S, Sgarrella F, Ipata PL. Nucleoside phosphotransferase activity of human colon carcinoma cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1991; 291:212-7. [PMID: 1659319 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase, acting preferentially on IMP and GMP, has been isolated from human colon carcinoma extracts. This enzyme activity catalyzes also the transfer of the phosphate group of 5'-nucleoside monophosphates (mainly, 5'-IMP, 5'-GMP, and their deoxycounterparts) to nucleosides (preferentially inosine and deoxyinosine, but also nucleoside analogs, such as 8-azaguanosine and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine). It has been proposed that the enzyme mechanism involves the formation of a phosphorylated enzyme as an intermediate which can transfer the phosphate group either to water or to the nucleoside. The enzyme is activated by some effectors, such as ATP and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Results indicate that the effect of these activators is mainly to favor the transfer of the phosphate of the phosphorylated intermediate to the nucleoside (i.e., the nucleoside phosphotransferase activity). This finding is in accordance with previous suggestions that cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase cannot be considered a pure catabolic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Tozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Universitá di Pisa, Italy
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Lai KM, Wong PC. A comparison of the properties of 5'-nucleotidase purified from the cytosolic and synaptic plasma membrane fractions of rat forebrain. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1991; 23:1123-30. [PMID: 1786854 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(91)90153-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1. 5'-Nucleotidase was purified 1247-fold from the post-microsomal supernatant (I) and 3862-fold from the synaptic plasma membrane (II) of rat brain homogenates. 2. The apparent molecular masses of I and II were 131 and 72 kDa respectively by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate and 268 and 286 kDa respectively by Sephacryl S-300 chromatography. 3. The activities of both I and II were strongly inhibited by concanavalin A but were affected differently by digestion with glycosidases. for II, these were 0.083 and 0.056 mM respectively. 5. Activities of both I and II were strongly inhibited by ATP and ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong
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Roichi I, Kouichi Y. Determination of cytoplasmic 5′-nucleotidase which preferentially hydrolyses 6-hydroxypurine nucleotides in pig, rat and human tissues by immunotitration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(91)90174-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Höglund L, Reichard P. Nucleotidase activities in soluble and membrane fractions of three different mammalian cell lines. Exp Cell Res 1990; 190:204-8. [PMID: 2170152 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90186-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Soluble cytoplasmic and membrane fractions were prepared from three cultured mammalian cell lines: 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, V79 hamster lung cells, and human "Cherry" B-lymphoblastoid cells. By using relatively specific nucleotidase assays, together with a phosphotransferase assay, the activities of three different enzymes (low-Km nucleotidase, high-Km nucleotidase, and 5'(3')-nucleotidase) capable of dephosphorylating deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates were determined in these fractions. The three nucleotidases exist simultaneously in all cell lines, but their relative amounts showed large variations. The 5'(3')-nucleotidase dominated Cherry and 3T3 cells, while in V79 cells equal amounts of this enzyme and the high-Km nucleotidase were recovered. In the membrane fractions, the low-Km nucleotidase was the predominant enzyme. We found no evidence for cell-cycle control of any nucleotidase. We postulated earlier that substrate cycles, involving 5'-nucleotidases and deoxyribonucleoside kinases, provide a mechanism for the regulation of deoxyribonucleotide pools. We suggest that both the low-Km nucleotidase and the 5'(3)-nucleotidase are candidate enzymes for such cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Höglund
- Department of Biochemistry I, Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Fini C, Palmerini CA, Damiani P, Stochaj U, Mannherz HG, Floridi A. 5'-nucleotidase from bull seminal plasma, chicken gizzard and snake venom is a zinc metalloprotein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1990; 1038:18-22. [PMID: 2156570 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(90)90004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Using flame atomic absorption spectrometry the tight association of zinc to three different purified 5'-nucleotidases at a molar ratio of 2 could be proven. These 5'-nucleotidases purified from bull seminal plasma (BSP), chicken gizzard (CG) and snake venom (SV) are thus zinc metalloproteins. Removal of zinc results in the loss of their AMPase activity, which could be fully restored after readdition of zinc at a molar ratio of 2, for BSP and CG, and 1.5, for SV 5'-nucleotidase. Reactivation of their AMPase activity after the removal of zinc could also be obtained by addition of cobalt and copper ions, which were found to also bind with a molar ratio of 2 to the three 5'-nucleotidases tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, Università di Perugia, Italy
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Boyle JM, Hey Y, Fox M. Nucleotide ectoenzyme activities of human and Chinese hamster fibroblasts in tissue culture. Biochem Genet 1989; 27:655-71. [PMID: 2560629 DOI: 10.1007/bf02396058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We have previously assigned human ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT) to chromosome 6 on the basis of conversion of exogenously supplied [14C]AMP to adenosine by whole cells of human and Chinese hamster hybrids carrying chromosome 6. In this paper we demonstrate that the activity on human MRC-5 fibroblasts is typical of previously described and purified ecto-5'-nucleotidases. In contrast to MRC-5 cells, Chinese hamster V79A2 cells weakly express an AMPase activity that is not NT. The cytosolic form of NT in human and hybrid fibroblasts is similar to the ectoenzyme in substrate specificity. Hybrids that lack chromosome 6 express neither the ecto- nor the cytosolic enzyme, suggesting that both forms may be coded by the same gene on chromosome 6. Ecto-ATPase, ecto-ADPase, and ecto-ADP kinase activities are each expressed at similar levels in MRC-5 and V79A2. The ATPase, ADPase and NT activities of MRC-5 cells act sequentially to generate adenosine. A similar cascade acts on V79A2 cells but the lack of NT causes the accumulation of AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Boyle
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Christie Hospital, Manchester, U.K
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Yamazaki Y, Collinson AR, Truong VL, Lowenstein JM. Regulation of soluble 5'-nucleotidase I from rabbit heart. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1989; 253B:107-11. [PMID: 2558529 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5676-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rabbit heart contains two soluble 5'-nucleotidases, termed N-I and N-II, which can be separated using phosphocellulose chromatography. N-I prefers AMP over IMP as substrate, in contrast to N-II which prefers IMP over AMP. Both enzymes require Mg2+, but the optimum Mg2+ concentrations for the two enzymes are different. High concentrations of NaCl inhibit N-I and activate N-II. Purified N-I is activated by ADP but not by ATP. According to Itoh et al. (1986), purified N-II is activated by both ADP and ATP. N-I has been purified approximately 1000-fold to a specific activity of approximately 100 mumol/mg protein/min. The properties of N-I suggest that it is the enzyme responsible for the release of adenosine from AMP under conditions of hypoxia or increased work load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamazaki
- Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University Waltham, Massachusetts 02254
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Oka J, Ozasa H, Itoh R, Yokota S. Purine 5'-nucleotidase--its reestimated subunit molecular mass and immunocytochemical localization in chicken liver. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1989; 253B:113-8. [PMID: 2558530 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5676-9_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Oka
- Division of Adult Nutrition, National Institute of Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
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Some recently developed fractionation procedures and their application to peptide and protein hormones. PURE APPL CHEM 1963. [DOI: 10.1351/pac196306030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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