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Teunissen MBM, Pilgaard Møller LB, Løvendorf MB, Skov L, Bonefeld CM, Bekkenk MW, Clark RA, Mann M, Dyring-Andersen B. In-Depth Proteomic Map of Innate Lymphoid Cells from Healthy Human Skin and Blood. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:316-330.e3. [PMID: 37544588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are essential players in the skin-associated immune system, nevertheless little is known about their proteomes and proteomic diversity. In this study, we describe about 6,600 proteins constitutively expressed by ILC2s and ILC3s from healthy human skin and blood using state-of-the-art proteomics. Although the vast majority of proteins was expressed by both ILC subsets and in both compartments, the skin ILC2s and ILC3s were more distinct than their counterparts in blood. Only skin ILC3s expressed uniquely detected proteins. Our in-depth proteomic dataset allowed us to define the cluster of differentiation marker profiles of the ILC subsets, explore distribution and abundance of proteins known to have immunological functions, as well as identify subset-specific proteins that have not previously been implicated in ILC biology. Taken together, our analyses substantially expand understanding of the protein expression signatures of ILC subsets. Going forward, these proteomic datasets will serve as valuable resources for future studies of ILC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel B M Teunissen
- Department of Dermatology and Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Line B Pilgaard Møller
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne B Løvendorf
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; The Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M Bonefeld
- The Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marcel W Bekkenk
- Department of Dermatology and Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rachael A Clark
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Beatrice Dyring-Andersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; The Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hu Z, Zhang M, Fan J, Hu J, Lin G, Piao S, Liu P, Liu J, Fu S, Sun W, Gygi SP, Zhang J, Zhou C. High-Level Secretion of Pregnancy Zone Protein Is a Novel Biomarker of DNA Damage-Induced Senescence and Promotes Spontaneous Senescence. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3570-3579. [PMID: 37831546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Identification of unique and specific biomarkers to better detect and quantify senescent cells remains challenging. By a global proteomic profiling of senescent human skin BJ fibroblasts induced by ionizing radiation (IR), the cellular level of pregnancy zone protein (PZP), a presumable pan-protease inhibitor never been linked to cellular senescence before, was found to be decreased by more than 10-fold, while the level of PZP in the conditioned medium was increased concomitantly. This observation was confirmed in a variety of senescent cells induced by IR or DNA-damaging drugs, indicating that high-level secretion of PZP is a novel senescence-associated secretory phenotype. RT-PCR examination verified that the transcription of the PZP gene is enhanced in various cells at senescence or upregulated following DNA damage treatment in a p53-independent manner. Moreover, pretreatment with late pregnancy serum containing a high level of PZP led to inhibition of doxorubicin-induced senescence in A549 cells, and depletion of PZP in the pregnancy serum could enhance such inhibition. Finally, the addition of immuno-precipitated PZP complexes into tissue culture attenuated the growth of A549 cells and promoted the spontaneous senescence. Therefore, we revealed that high-level secretion of PZP is a novel and unique feature associated with DNA damage-induced senescence, and secreted PZP is a positive regulator of cellular senescence, particularly during the late stage of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Hu
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jiankun Fan
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jiandong Hu
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Guochao Lin
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shengwen Piao
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Peng Liu
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jichao Liu
- The 2th Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin150081, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin150081, China
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- The 2th Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunshui Zhou
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin150081, China
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3
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Chen K, Zheng T, Chen C, Liu L, Guo Z, Peng Y, Zhang X, Yang Z. Pregnancy Zone Protein Serves as a Prognostic Marker and Favors Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1978. [PMID: 37509617 PMCID: PMC10377424 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a public enemy with a very high incidence and mortality rate, for which there is no specific detectable biomarker. Pregnancy zone protein (PZP) is an immune-related protein; however, the functions of PZP in LUAD are unclear. In this study, a series of bioinformatics methods, combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC), four-color multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mIHC), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were utilized to explore the prognostic value and potential role of PZP in LUAD. Our data revealed that PZP expression was markedly reduced in LUAD tissues, tightly correlated with clinical stage and could be an independent unfavorable prognostic factor. In addition, pathway analysis revealed that high expression of PZP in LUAD was mainly involved in immune-related molecules. Tumor immune infiltration analysis by CIBERSORT showed a significant correlation between PZP expression and several immune cell infiltrations, and IHC further confirmed a positive correlation with CD4+ T-cell infiltration and a negative correlation with CD68+ M0 macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, mIHC demonstrated that PZP expression gave rise to an increase in CD86+ M1 macrophages and a decrease in CD206+ M2 macrophages. Therefore, PZP can be used as a new biomarker for the prediction of prognosis and may be a promising immune-related molecular target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Chen
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Taihao Zheng
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Liangzhong Liu
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhengjun Guo
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Pinkaew D, Martinez-Hackert E, Jia W, King MD, Miao F, Enger NR, Silakit R, Ramana K, Chen SY, Fujise K. Fortilin interacts with TGF-β1 and prevents TGF-β receptor activation. Commun Biol 2022; 5:157. [PMID: 35197550 PMCID: PMC8866402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fortilin is a 172-amino acid multifunctional protein present in both intra- and extracellular spaces. Although fortilin binds and regulates various cellular proteins, the biological role of extracellular fortilin remains unknown. Here we report that fortilin specifically interacts with TGF-β1 and prevents it from activating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. In a standard immunoprecipitation-western blot assay, fortilin co-immunoprecipitates TGF-β1 and its isoforms. The modified ELISA assay shows that TGF-β1 remains complexed with fortilin in human serum. Both bio-layer interferometry and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) reveal that fortilin directly bind TGF-β1. The SPR analysis also reveals that fortilin and the TGF-β receptor II (TGFβRII) compete for TGF-β1. Both luciferase and secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter assays show that fortilin prevents TGF-β1 from activating Smad3 binding to Smad-binding element. Fortilin inhibits the phosphorylation of Smad3 in both quantitative western blot assays and ELISA. Finally, fortilin inhibits TGFβ-1-induced differentiation of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal progenitor cells to smooth muscle cells. A computer-assisted virtual docking reveals that fortilin occupies the pocket of TGF-β1 that is normally occupied by TGFβRII and that TGF-β1 can bind either fortilin or TGFβRII at any given time. These data support the role of extracellular fortilin as a negative regulator of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Fortilin prevents the activation of the TGF-β1 receptor by occupying the pocket of TGF-β1 and competing with TGF-βRII to bind with TGF-β1. This inhibits Smad3 phosphorylation and the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal progenitor cells to smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decha Pinkaew
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Erik Martinez-Hackert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Matthew D King
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA
| | - Fei Miao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicole R Enger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Runglawan Silakit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kota Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT, 84606, USA
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Ken Fujise
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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Löb S, Vattai A, Kuhn C, Schmoeckel E, Mahner S, Wöckel A, Kolben T, Keil C, Jeschke U, Vilsmaier T. Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is significantly upregulated in the decidua of recurrent and spontaneous miscarriage and negatively correlated to Glycodelin A (GdA). J Reprod Immunol 2020; 143:103267. [PMID: 33388716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is an immunosuppressive protein that is expressed by the placenta and has also been identified in immune cells. When PZP and Glycodelin A (GdA) are combined, they act synergistically to inhibit Th-1 immune response. Little is known about its combined expression and role in normal and disturbed first trimester pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated the expression of PZP and GdA in placental tissue obtained from spontaneous miscarriage (SM) (n = 19) and recurrent miscarriage (RM) (n = 17) at gestational weeks 6-13 by immunohistochemistry and on mRNA-level by either TaqMan PCR or in situ hybridization. Placental tissue from legal terminations of healthy pregnancies (n = 15) served as control group. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to analyse the combined expression of PZP and GdA in decidual tissue. RESULTS The protein level of PZP was significantly increased in decidual stroma of SM samples compared to the decidua of control specimens and also significantly upregulated in the decidual stroma cells in the RM group. Concerning GdA, the decidual stroma revealed a significantly decreased protein level in the group with spontaneous abortions than in the group with healthy pregnancies. There was also a significant downregulation of GdA in the decidual stroma of RM samples compared to the control group. We observed a significant negative correlation of PZP and GdA in decidual stromal tissue of recurrent abortion. We could confirm the staining results for PZP as well as for GdA on mRNA level. Both proteins are co-localized in decidual stroma as analysed by immunofluorescence double staining. CONCLUSION A balanced expression of GdA and its carrier protein PZP in the decidua seems crucial for a successful ongoing pregnancy. According to our data, these immunosuppressive proteins are co-localized in the decidual tissue and show a negative correlation only in patients suffering from recurrent abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Löb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 4, 97080, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstrasse 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Department of Pathology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Achim Wöckel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 4, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Keil
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstrasse 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Theresa Vilsmaier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany
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Kumar R, Kuligina E, Sokolenko A, Siddiqui Q, Gardi N, Gupta S, Varma AK, Hasan SK. Genetic ablation of pregnancy zone protein promotes breast cancer progression by activating TGF-β/SMAD signaling. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 185:317-330. [PMID: 33057846 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pregnancy zone protein (PZP) is best known as protease inhibitor and its concentration in human blood plasma increases dramatically during pregnancy. Recent investigation revealed a role of PZP inactivating germ-line mutation in breast cancer predisposition, and therefore we designed a study to evaluate functional involvement of this protein in tumor pathogenesis. METHODS PZP knockout cells were generated utilizing the CRISPR-Cas9 approach in MCF7 and T47D (breast cancer) cell lines, and colony formation, cell proliferation, and migration assays carried out. TGF-β and SMAD expression studies were performed using qRT-PCR and Western blot. PZP expression in tumor vs normal tissue was compared using meta-analyses of data records of breast cancer patients (n = 1211) included in the TCGA consortium registry as well as in independent cohorts of hormone receptor-positive (n = 118) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (n = 116). RESULTS We demonstrated that genetic ablation of PZP efficiently inhibits tamoxifen-induced apoptosis and enhances cell proliferation, migration, and colony-forming capacity. We found a significant increase in survival fraction of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PZP knockout clones compared to wild-type counterpart after tamoxifen treatment (p < 0.05). The PZP knockout significantly promoted breast cancer cell migration (p < 0.01) in vitro. We observed high expression of TGF-β2 ligand, TGF-β- receptor 2, and upregulation of phosphorylated regulatory-SMADs (pSMAD2 and pSMAD3) activating the pro-survival function of TGF-β/SMAD signaling in PZP knockout clones. Meta-analyses of data records of breast cancer patients indicated that low PZP expression is associated with poor overall survival at 6 years (51.7% vs 62.9% in low vs high expressers, respectively; p = 0.026). We also observed a significantly lower PZP mRNA expression in TNBC as compared with hormone receptor-positive tumors (p = 0.019). CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that genetic ablation of PZP results in tumor progression and low expression of PZP is associated with poor survival of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ekaterina Kuligina
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Sokolenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Quadir Siddiqui
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400012, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, 400012, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ashok K Varma
- Varma Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Syed K Hasan
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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Bastida-Ruiz D, Wuillemin C, Pederencino A, Yaron M, Martinez de Tejada B, Pizzo SV, Cohen M. Activated α 2-macroglobulin binding to cell surface GRP78 induces trophoblastic cell fusion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9666. [PMID: 32541810 PMCID: PMC7295802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The villous cytotrophoblastic cells have the ability to fuse and differentiate, forming the syncytiotrophoblast (STB). The syncytialisation process is essential for placentation. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in cell fusion and differentiation are yet to be fully elucidated. It has been suggested that cell surface glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was involved in this process. In multiple cancer cells, cell membrane-located GRP78 has been reported to act as a receptor binding to the active form of α2-macroglobulin (α2M*), activating thus several cellular signalling pathways implicated in cell growth and survival. We hypothesised that GRP78 interaction with α2M* may also activate signalling pathways in trophoblastic cells, which, in turn, may promote cell fusion. Here, we observed that α2M mRNA is highly expressed in trophoblastic cells, whereas it is not expressed in the choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo. We thus took advantage of forskolin-induced syncytialisation of BeWo cells to study the effect of exogenous α2M* on syncytialisation. We first demonstrated that α2M* induced trophoblastic cell fusion. This effect is dependent on α2M*-GRP78 interaction, ERK1/2 and CREB phosphorylation, and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Overall, these data provide novel insights into the signalling molecules and mechanisms regulating trophoblastic cell fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bastida-Ruiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Wuillemin
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aude Pederencino
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michal Yaron
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Begoña Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Marie Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Human PZP and common marmoset A2ML1 as pregnancy related proteins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5088. [PMID: 32198464 PMCID: PMC7083932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While pregnancy-related proteins (PRP) are known to contribute to immunotolerance during pregnancy, their significance to development of invasive placenta is unclear. We compared PRP expression in humans and the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a new-world monkey. Invasive placenta was observed at the maternal-foetal interface of marmoset placenta from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing foetus and wild type mother. The pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and alpha-2 macroglobulin-like 1 (A2ML1) proteins exhibited the most prominent increase in expression during the second trimester in humans and marmoset, respectively. In humans, PZP accumulated at the maternal-foetal interface and A2ML1 accumulated in the amnion. Similarly, A2ML1 mRNA was detected in marmoset placenta. These proteins belong to the A2M family of protease inhibitors, and both PZP and A2ML1 share around 90% homology between human and marmoset and have highly conserved structures. However, the protease-reacting bait regions of the proteins had lower homology (56.8–60.7% in proteins) relative to the rest of the sequence. Notably, the cleavage site of a proinflammatory proline-endopeptidase was preserved in human PZP and marmoset A2ML1. These proteins contain multiple sites that are cleaved by proteases involving proline-endopeptidase. Systemic regulation of these A2M family proteins may be important in animals with invasive placenta.
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9
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Lee KH, Kim SH, Kim CH, Min BJ, Kim GJ, Lim Y, Kim HS, Ahn KM, Kim JH. Identifying genetic variants underlying medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer and osteoporosis: a case control study. J Transl Med 2019; 17:381. [PMID: 31747953 PMCID: PMC6868688 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) presents with a typical pattern of jaw necrosis in patients who have been prescribed bisphosphonates (BPs) and other antiangiogenetic drugs to treat osteoporosis or bone-related complications of cancer. Methods This study divided 38 patients with BRONJ into two groups according to the prescribing causes: cancer (n = 13) and osteoporosis (n = 25), and underwent whole exome sequencing and compared them with normal controls (n = 90). To identify candidate genes and variants, we conducted three analyses: a traditional genetic model, gene-wise variant score burden, and rare-variant analysis methods. Results The stop-gain mutation (rs117889746) of the PZP gene in the BRONJ cancer group was significantly identified in the additive trend model analysis. In the cancer group, ARIDS, HEBP1, LTBP1, and PLVAP were identified as candidate genes. In the osteoporosis group, VEGFA, DFFA, and FAM193A genes showed a significant association. No significant genes were identified in the rare-variant analysis pipeline. Biologically accountable functions related to BRONJ occurrence-angiogenesis-related signaling (VEGFA and PLVAP genes), TGF-β signaling (LTBP1 and PZP genes), heme toxicity (HEBP1) and osteoblast maturation (ARIDS)-were shown in candidate genes. Conclusion This study showed that the candidate causative genes contributing to the development of BRONJ differ according to the BP dose and background disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye Hwa Lee
- Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, South Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyen Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Byung Joo Min
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Grace Juyun Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Younggyun Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hun-Sung Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Ahn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03082, South Korea. .,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI) and Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Alpha-2-Macroglobulin, a Hypochlorite-Regulated Chaperone and Immune System Modulator. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5410657. [PMID: 31428227 PMCID: PMC6679887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5410657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-macroglobulins are ancient proteins that include monomeric, dimeric, and tetrameric family members. In humans, and many other mammals, the predominant alpha-macroglobulin is alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M), a tetrameric protein that is constitutively abundant in biological fluids (e.g., blood plasma, cerebral spinal fluid, synovial fluid, ocular fluid, and interstitial fluid). α2M is best known for its remarkable ability to inhibit a broad spectrum of proteases, but the full gamut of its activities affects diverse biological processes. For example, α2M can stabilise and facilitate the clearance of the Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide. Additionally, α2M can influence the signalling of cytokines and growth factors including neurotrophins. The results of several studies support the idea that the functions of α2M are uniquely regulated by hypochlorite, an oxidant that is generated during inflammation, which induces the native α2M tetramer to dissociate into dimers. This review will discuss the evidence for hypochlorite-induced regulation of α2M and the possible implications of this in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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11
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Human pregnancy zone protein stabilizes misfolded proteins including preeclampsia- and Alzheimer's-associated amyloid beta peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:6101-6110. [PMID: 30850528 PMCID: PMC6442606 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817298116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a unique physiological state involving biological stresses that promote protein damage (misfolding) within the maternal body. Currently, little is known regarding how the maternal body copes with elevated protein misfolding in pregnancy. This is important, because the accumulation of misfolded proteins underlies many human disorders, including preeclampsia, a serious complication of pregnancy. In this study, we show that pregnancy zone protein (PZP) efficiently inhibits the aggregation of misfolded proteins, including the amyloid beta peptide, which forms plaques in preeclampsia and in Alzheimer’s disease. We propose that up-regulation of PZP is a major maternal adaptation that helps to maintain protein homeostasis during pregnancy. Moreover, pregnancy-independent up-regulation of PZP indicates that its chaperone function could be broadly important in humans. Protein misfolding underlies the pathology of a large number of human disorders, many of which are age-related. An exception to this is preeclampsia, a leading cause of pregnancy-associated morbidity and mortality in which misfolded proteins accumulate in body fluids and the placenta. We demonstrate that pregnancy zone protein (PZP), which is dramatically elevated in maternal plasma during pregnancy, efficiently inhibits in vitro the aggregation of misfolded proteins, including the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) that is implicated in preeclampsia as well as with Alzheimer’s disease. The mechanism by which this inhibition occurs involves the formation of stable complexes between PZP and monomeric Aβ or small soluble Aβ oligomers formed early in the aggregation pathway. The chaperone activity of PZP is more efficient than that of the closely related protein alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M), although the chaperone activity of α2M is enhanced by inducing its dissociation into PZP-like dimers. By immunohistochemistry analysis, PZP is found primarily in extravillous trophoblasts in the placenta. In severe preeclampsia, PZP-positive extravillous trophoblasts are adjacent to extracellular plaques containing Aβ, but PZP is not abundant within extracellular plaques. Our data support the conclusion that the up-regulation of PZP during pregnancy represents a major maternal adaptation that helps to maintain extracellular proteostasis during gestation in humans. We propose that overwhelming or disrupting the chaperone function of PZP could underlie the accumulation of misfolded proteins in vivo. Attempts to characterize extracellular proteostasis in pregnancy will potentially have broad-reaching significance for understanding disease-related protein misfolding.
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Atikuzzaman M, Mehta Bhai R, Fogelholm J, Wright D, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Mating induces the expression of immune- and pH-regulatory genes in the utero-vaginal junction containing mucosal sperm-storage tubuli of hens. Reproduction 2015; 150:473-83. [PMID: 26370241 PMCID: PMC4625885 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The female chicken, as with other species with internal fertilization, can tolerate the presence of spermatozoa within specialized sperm-storage tubuli (SST) located in the mucosa of the utero-vaginal junction (UVJ) for days or weeks, without eliciting an immune response. To determine if the oviduct alters its gene expression in response to sperm entry, segments from the oviduct (UVJ, uterus, isthmus, magnum and infundibulum) of mated and unmated (control) hens, derived from an advanced inter-cross line between Red Junglefowl and White Leghorn, were explored 24 h after mating using cDNA microarray analysis. Mating shifted the expression of fifteen genes in the UVJ (53.33% immune-modulatory and 20.00% pH-regulatory) and seven genes in the uterus, none of the genes in the latter segment overlapping the former (with the differentially expressed genes themselves being less related to immune-modulatory function). The other oviductal segments did not show any significant changes. These findings suggest sperm deposition causes a shift in expression in the UVJ (containing mucosal SST) and the uterus for genes involved in immune-modulatory and pH-regulatory functions, both relevant for sperm survival in the hen's oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Atikuzzaman
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PhysicsChemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, Floor 12, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ratnesh Mehta Bhai
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PhysicsChemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, Floor 12, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jesper Fogelholm
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PhysicsChemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, Floor 12, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dominic Wright
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PhysicsChemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, Floor 12, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PhysicsChemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, Floor 12, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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13
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Chalasani N, Guo X, Loomba R, Goodarzi MO, Haritunians T, Kwon S, Cui J, Taylor KD, Wilson L, Cummings OW, Chen YDI, Rotter JI. Genome-wide association study identifies variants associated with histologic features of nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:1567-76, 1576.e1-6. [PMID: 20708005 PMCID: PMC2967576 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Little data are available from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We conducted a pilot GWAS in patients with NAFLD, characterized by histology, who were enrolled in the NASH Clinical Research Network (CRN) Database Study. METHODS We studied clinical, laboratory, and histologic data from 236 non-Hispanic white women with NAFLD. We analyzed 324,623 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the 22 autosomal chromosomes. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses were conducted for binary outcomes, and linear regression analysis was applied for quantitative traits. A P value < 1 × 10(-6) was considered to be significant. RESULTS In multivariate models adjusted for age, body mass index, diabetes, waist/hip ratios, and levels of glycated hemoglobin, the NAFLD activity score was associated with the SNP rs2645424 on chromosome 8 in farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (FDFT1) (P = 6.8 × 10(-7)). The degree of fibrosis was associated with the SNP rs343062 on chromosome 7 (P = 2.7 × 10(-8)). SNPs associated with lobular inflammation included SNP rs1227756 on chromosome 10 in COL13A1 (P = 2.0 × 10(-7)), rs6591182 on chromosome 11 (P = 8.6 × 10(-7)), and rs887304 on chromosome 12 in EFCAB4B (P = 7.7 × 10(-7)). SNPs associated with serum levels of alanine aminotransferase included rs2499604 on chromosome 1 (P = 2.2 × 10(-6)), rs6487679 on chromosome 12 in PZP (P = 1.3 × 10(-6)), rs1421201 on chromosome 18 (P = 1.0 × 10(-5)), and rs2710833 on chromosome 4 (P = 6.3 × 10(-7)). No significant associations were observed between genotypes and steatosis, ballooning degeneration, portal inflammation, or other features of NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS A GWAS significantly associated genetic variants with features of hepatic histology in patients with NAFLD. These findings should be validated in larger and more diverse cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Health System
| | - Rohit Loomba
- University of California at San Diego School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Soonil Kwon
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Health System
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Health System
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Tu C, Rudnick PA, Martinez MY, Cheek KL, Stein SE, Slebos RJC, Liebler DC. Depletion of abundant plasma proteins and limitations of plasma proteomics. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:4982-91. [PMID: 20677825 DOI: 10.1021/pr100646w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunoaffinity depletion with antibodies to the top 7 or top 14 high-abundance plasma proteins is used to enhance detection of lower abundance proteins in both shotgun and targeted proteomic analyses. We evaluated the effects of top 7/top 14 immunodepletion on the shotgun proteomic analysis of human plasma. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of immunodepletion on detection of proteins across detectable ranges of abundance. The depletion columns afforded highly repeatable and efficient plasma protein fractionation. Relatively few nontargeted proteins were captured by the depletion columns. Analyses of unfractionated and immunodepleted plasma by peptide isoelectric focusing (IEF), followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), demonstrated enrichment of nontargeted plasma proteins by an average of 4-fold, as assessed by MS/MS spectral counting. Either top 7 or top 14 immunodepletion resulted in a 25% increase in identified proteins compared to unfractionated plasma. Although 23 low-abundance (<10 ng mL(-1)) plasma proteins were detected, they accounted for only 5-6% of total protein identifications in immunodepleted plasma. In both unfractionated and immunodepleted plasma, the 50 most abundant plasma proteins accounted for 90% of cumulative spectral counts and precursor ion intensities, leaving little capacity to sample lower abundance proteins. Untargeted proteomic analyses using current LC-MS/MS platforms-even with immunodepletion-cannot be expected to efficiently discover low-abundance, disease-specific biomarkers in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Tu
- The Jim Ayers Institute for Precancer Detection and Diagnosis, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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15
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Cain SA, McGovern A, Small E, Ward LJ, Baldock C, Shuttleworth A, Kielty CM. Defining elastic fiber interactions by molecular fishing: an affinity purification and mass spectrometry approach. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 8:2715-32. [PMID: 19755719 PMCID: PMC2816023 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900008-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering interacting networks of the extracellular matrix is a major challenge. We describe an affinity purification and mass spectrometry strategy that has provided new insights into the molecular interactions of elastic fibers, essential extracellular assemblies that provide elastic recoil in dynamic tissues. Using cell culture models, we defined primary and secondary elastic fiber interaction networks by identifying molecular interactions with the elastic fiber molecules fibrillin-1, MAGP-1, fibulin-5, and lysyl oxidase. The sensitivity and validity of our method was confirmed by identification of known interactions with the bait proteins. Our study revealed novel extracellular protein interactions with elastic fiber molecules and delineated secondary interacting networks with fibronectin and heparan sulfate-associated molecules. This strategy is a novel approach to define the macromolecular interactions that sustain complex extracellular matrix assemblies and to gain insights into how they are integrated into their surrounding matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Cain
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PT, United Kingdom.
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16
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Jain MR, Bian S, Liu T, Hu J, Elkabes S, Li H. Altered proteolytic events in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis discovered by iTRAQ shotgun proteomics analysis of spinal cord. Proteome Sci 2009; 7:25. [PMID: 19607715 PMCID: PMC2716311 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-7-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal activation of protease activities during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats, a rodent model of multiple sclerosis, have been implicated in either the direct destruction of myelin components or the intracellular signal transduction pathways that lead to lymphocyte infiltration, oligodendrocyte destruction, neuronal dysfunctions and axonal degeneration. The identification of changes in regulated proteolytic events during EAE is crucial for uncovering activated proteases that may underline the pathological features such as inflammation and demyelination. We searched for either non-tryptic or semi-tryptic peptides from a previous shotgun proteomics study using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to compare the proteomes of normal and EAE rat lumbar spinal cords. Results We discovered that several proteins, such as α1-macroglobulin, a protease inhibitor, α1B-glycoprotein, β2-microglobulin, neurofilament light polypeptide and sulfated glycoprotein 1 had non-tryptic peptide iTRAQ ratios that were substantially different from the overall protein iTRAQ ratios, suggesting that such peptides may be markers for the proteolytic products generated by the protease(s) altered during EAE. Indeed, subsequent Western blotting confirmed the dysregulation of specific protein cleavages in EAE tissues. Additional proteolytic changes in α2-macroglobulin, another protease inhibitor similar to α1-macroglobulin was also observed. Conclusion The results from this study revealed changes among both neuronal protein processing and endogenous proteolysis modulators in EAE animals. This information may provide a rationale for protease inhibitor-based therapeutic interventions for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Raja Jain
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Research Center, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Shengjie Bian
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Research Center, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Research Center, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jun Hu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Research Center, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Stella Elkabes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Research Center, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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17
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Gobezie R, Kho A, Krastins B, Sarracino DA, Thornhill TS, Chase M, Millett PJ, Lee DM. High abundance synovial fluid proteome: distinct profiles in health and osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9:R36. [PMID: 17407561 PMCID: PMC1906814 DOI: 10.1186/ar2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of increasingly high-throughput and sensitive mass spectroscopy-based proteomic techniques provides new opportunities to examine the physiology and pathophysiology of many biologic fluids and tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine protein expression profiles of high-abundance synovial fluid (SF) proteins in health and in the prevalent joint disease osteoarthritis (OA). A cross-sectional study of 62 patients with early OA (n = 21), patients with late OA (n = 21), and control individuals (n = 20) was conducted. SF proteins were separated by using one-dimensional PAGE, and the in-gel digested proteins were analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 362 spots were examined and 135 high-abundance SF proteins were identified as being expressed across all three study cohorts. A total of 135 SF proteins were identified. Eighteen proteins were found to be significantly differentially expressed between control individuals and OA patients. Two subsets of OA that are not dependent on disease duration were identified using unsupervised analysis of the data. Several novel SF proteins were also identified. Our analyses demonstrate no disease duration-dependent differences in abundant protein composition of SF in OA, and we clearly identified two previously unappreciated yet distinct subsets of protein profiles in this disease cohort. Additionally, our findings reveal novel abundant protein species in healthy SF whose functional contribution to SF physiology was not previously recognized. Finally, our studies identify candidate biomarkers for OA with potential for use as highly sensitive and specific tests for diagnostic purposes or for evaluating therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Gobezie
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Alvin Kho
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Bryan Krastins
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - David A Sarracino
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Thomas S Thornhill
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Michael Chase
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Peter J Millett
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - David M Lee
- The Case Center for Proteomics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Skornicka EL, Kiyatkina N, Weber MC, Tykocinski ML, Koo PH. Pregnancy zone protein is a carrier and modulator of placental protein-14 in T-cell growth and cytokine production. Cell Immunol 2004; 232:144-56. [PMID: 15882859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2005.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2004] [Revised: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A successful pregnancy can only occur when the maternal immune system fails to attack the allogeneic fetus. Two plasma proteins with described immunoregulatory activities, pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and placental protein-14 (PP14; also known as glycodelin-A), increase dramatically during pregnancy, prompting us to examine their potential role in mediating fetal protection. First, we demonstrated that both native PZP and its receptor-recognized monoamine-activated form (MA-PZP) bound non-covalently and specifically to PP14, exhibiting K(d) values greater than 3 microM, as determined by surface plasmon resonance. Our evidence further suggests that PZP is potentially a more effective carrier of PP14 than its relative alpha2-macroglobulin. Second, we found that T-cell activation, as measured by increased proliferation and IL-2 production, was inhibited by either PZP or PP14 in a dose-dependent manner. However, when PZP and PP14 were combined, they acted synergistically to inhibit T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. Interestingly, the combination of PZP and PP14 had little effect on the production of T(H)2 cytokine, IL-4. Based upon these findings, we hypothesize that PZP and PP14 form a stable complex in the plasma of pregnant women and together act synergistically to selectively modulate T-cell activation. Mechanistically, this activity appears to be independent of the PZP receptor (CD91) or PZP's anti-proteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Skornicka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, P.O. Box 95, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
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Esadeg S, He H, Pijnenborg R, Van Leuven F, Croy BA. Alpha-2 Macroglobulin Controls Trophoblast Positioning in Mouse Implantation Sites. Placenta 2003; 24:912-21. [PMID: 14580373 DOI: 10.1016/s0143-4004(03)00148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In humans, functional deficiency of alpha-2M is not known, implying alpha 2M is essential for gestational success. Mice, deficient in two members of the alpha-2 Macroglobulin (alpha 2M) family, i.e. alpha-2 macroglobulin (MAM) and murinoglobulin-1 (MUG-1) are viable, fertile and phenotypically normal, unless stressed (Am J Pathol, 155 (1999), 983). Here, we analysed implantation sites in MAM(-/-)/MUG-1(-/-)mice during pregnancy, a strong physiological stressor. Despite some post-implantation fetal loss, mean litter size was comparable to congenic C57Bl/6J (B6) mice, but MAM(-/-)/MUG-1(-/-)pups were significantly lighter and the sex ratio was skewed towards males. Implantation sites appeared histologically normal up to gestational day (gd) 8. By gd 10, extensive over-development of trophoblasts was evident, accompanied by relative deficits in decidua, in the mural mesometrial lymphoid aggregates of pregnancy and in uterine Natural Killer cells. At gd 10-12, decidual spiral arteries were dilated but abnormally cuffed by trophoblasts that extended anomalously, for midgestation, to the myometrial circular smooth muscle. Ultrastructurally, trophoblasts in the mesometrial decidua made intimate contact with endothelial cells that were shedding membrane fragments. These findings demonstrate that alpha 2M, and thereby proteinases and/or cytokines whose bio-availability is regulated by alpha 2M, exert significant decidual regulation on trophoblast invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Esadeg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Building 40, Room 2604, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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20
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Skornicka EL, Shi X, Koo PH. Comparative binding of biotinylated neurotrophins to alpha(2)-macroglobulin family of proteins: relationship between cytokine-binding and neuro-modulatory activities of the macroglobulins. J Neurosci Res 2002; 67:346-53. [PMID: 11813239 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.10097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha(2)M), pregnancy zone protein (PZP), rat alpha(1)M and acute-phase rat alpha(2)M belong to the alpha(2)M gene family of proteins, which can react covalently with nucleophilic monoamines to yield monoamine-activated (MA) macroglobulins. The MA forms of human alpha(2)M, PZP and rat alpha(2)M have been demonstrated previously to inhibit various neurotrophin-promoted neuronal activities, whereas MA-alpha(1)M is neurostimulatory and all native macroglobulins are generally inactive. The mechanism of neuromodulation is unknown, but it has been postulated that MA macroglobulins might inhibit neurons via their binding and sequestration of neurotrophins. This study employed a novel biotinylation-Western blot technique to compare the neurotrophin-binding properties of the four macroglobulins, and to correlate their binding activities with their known neuro-modulatory activities. In comparison with their respective native counterparts, human and rat MA-alpha(2)M bound slightly more NGF, but significantly less BDNF or NT-3. Native human alpha(2)M and PZP in general have no neuro-modulatory activity, but native PZP bound significantly more NGF, BDNF or NT-3 than either native alpha(2)M or MA-alpha(2)M, which is neuro-inhibitory. It is known that MA-PZP is neuro-inhibitory, but it fails to bind more NGF, BDNF, or NT-3 than native PZP. MA-alpha(1)M is the only macroglobulin known to stimulate NGF-promoted neurite outgrowth, but it bound NGF with similar affinities as native alpha(1)M and rat alpha(2)M; in addition, it bound significantly less BDNF or NT-3 than native alpha(1)M. All the bindings were non-covalent and appeared specific. In conclusion, PZP and rat macroglobulins are versatile carriers of neurotrophins with diverse binding capacities, and the neurotrophin-binding property does not appear to mediate the neuro-modulatory activity of these human and rat macroglobulins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Skornicka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio 44272-0095, USA
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21
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Bonacci G, Sánchez MC, Gonzalez M, Ceschin D, Fidelio G, Vides MA, Chiabrando G. Stabilization of homogeneous preparations of pregnancy zone protein lyophilized in the presence of saccharose. Structural and functional studies. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2000; 46:95-105. [PMID: 11086197 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(00)00131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human pregnancy zone protein (PZP) is a macromolecule of 360 kDa, organized as a disulfide-linked homodimer of two 180 kDa subunits, with an amino acid sequence and structure remarkably similar to that of human alpha2-Macroglobulin. Homogeneous PZP samples undergo fast aging forming oligomeric aggregates of high molecular weight. This aged PZP loses its ability to interact with proteinases and consequently, non-recognition of receptors occurs. In the present work, we assessed the effect of saccharose on the stability of native PZP on lyophilized samples kept for a long period of time. Herein, we demonstrate that the addition of 0.25 M saccharose to homogeneous PZP and further lyophilization is enough to prevent aging and preserve functional activity for more than 1 year. Hence, high quality samples, in terms of purity, stability and functional activity will allow to develop biochemical studies in order to know the PZP role in physiological and pathological states where the protein levels are increased, such as pregnancy and tumoral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bonacci
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Abstract
We used sucrose density gradient centrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, and high-pressure reversed-phase chromatography in the purification of bovine prolactin-related protein-I (bPRP-I) to homogeneity from a secretory granule-enriched fraction of fetal cotyledon. Amino terminal sequence was unambiguous, consistent with the nucleic acid sequence of the cDNA 50 codons distal to the initial AUG in the open reading frame, and began with the residues: RKSFTDRFMNAASLSHDFY. This is distinct from the signal peptide cleavage site predicted by the algorithm of von Heijne (1986) as well as that expected by comparison with other members of the growth hormone/prolactin family of hormones. The level of bPRP-I in uterine fluid was sufficient to detect by Western blot of unfractionated material and estimated as at least 0.65 microM. In contrast, bPRP-I was undetectable in the serum by this method. Interaction of [125I]-bPRP-I with high molecular weight serum components interfered with its measurement by radio-immunoassay, and could be replicated with purified alpha 2-macroglobulin with an apparent KD of about 0.41 microM. Thus, the bPRP-I gene product is processed secreted and distributed in a manner consistent with a paracrine action at the materno-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kessler
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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23
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Woodward TL, Dumont N, O'Connor-McCourt M, Turner JD, Philip A. Characterization of transforming growth factor-beta growth regulatory effects and receptors on bovine mammary cells. J Cell Physiol 1995; 165:339-48. [PMID: 7593212 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041650215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been shown to inhibit mammary morphogenesis, growth, and differentiation in murine studies. We have characterized TGF-beta receptors and their autoregulation, and the growth response to TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 in cultured bovine mammary epithelium (MAC-T) and fibroblasts. Affinity labelling studies revealed that fibroblast and epithelial cells contained type I, II, and III (betaglycan) receptors, with the type III receptor being the predominant binding component. On both fibroblasts and epithelial cells, TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 had equal binding affinities for the type I and II receptors, but TGF-beta 2 had a higher affinity for the type III receptor. Also, preincubation of MAC-T cells with 50 pM TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 2 markedly downregulated TGF-beta receptors. Proliferative response was measured using both total DNA and 3H-thymidine incorporation. Both TGF-beta isoforms were effective in inhibiting proliferation of MAC-T cells and fibroblasts. Inhibition of proliferation was not altered following immortalization of fibroblasts with SV-40 Large-T-antigen (LT), even when the cells acquired a transformed phenotype. Inhibition of proliferation was not a result of cytotoxicity, as TGF-beta at concentrations 1,000-fold higher than ED50 levels did not increase cell death. Moreover, the inhibition was reversible as shown by return of cellular proliferation to control levels following TGF-beta removal. Although growth inhibition was not transient as culture of MAC-T cells in TGF-beta resulted in sustained inhibition of proliferation for at least 144 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Woodward
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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24
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Abrahamian A, Xi MS, Donnelly JJ, Rockey JH. Effect of interferon-gamma on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta by human corneal fibroblasts: role in corneal immunoseclusion. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1995; 15:323-30. [PMID: 7627807 DOI: 10.1089/jir.1995.15.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human corneal fibroblasts (HCF) inhibit T cell alloresponse in mixed leukocyte response-human corneal fibroblast coculture. The inhibition is contact independent, insensitive to indomethacin, and is enhanced by pretreatment of HCF with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). To investigate cytokine-dependent mechanisms of inhibition of T cell alloresponse by HCF, the capacity of cultured HCF to produce transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and the modulatory role of IFN-gamma on their TGF-beta production were investigated by radioreceptor binding inhibition assay (RRA) and the standard mink cell bioassay (BIA). The net total TGF-beta concentration of 4 day culture supernatants from IFN-gamma-treated HCF, measured by RRA, was 11.5 ng/ml. The net total bioactive TGF-beta concentrations of 4 day culture supernatants from HCF, before and after treatment with IFN-gamma, measured by BIA, were 2.0 and 4.8 ng/ml, respectively. These findings indicate that HCF produce TGF-beta and increase their TGF-beta output under the influence of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma. Media-borne TGF-beta binding proteins appeared to be primarily responsible for the discrepancy between the TGF-beta values measured by RRA and BIA. Active exclusion of TGF-beta binding proteins from intraocular fluids may have an important role in the maintenance of TGF-beta-dependent ocular immune privilege. Corneal fibroblasts may utilize TGF-beta-dependent mechanisms to maintain the immunosecluded environment of the cornea and to preserve the homeostasis of corneal optical competency. Interferon-gamma may enhance corneal immunoseclusion by upregulating the TGF-beta output of the corneal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abrahamian
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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25
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Arbelaez L, Jensen P, Stigbrand T. Proteinases from the fibrinolytic and coagulation systems: Analyses of binding to pregnancy zone protein, a pregnancy-associated plasma proteinase inhibitor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0268-9499(08)80044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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