1
|
Díaz Martínez E, Arencibia Espinosa A, Soler Laguía M, Ayala Florenciano MD, Kilroy D, García García MI, Martínez Gomariz F, Sánchez Collado C, Gil Cano F, Jaber JR, Ramírez Zarzosa G. The Bony Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses of Big Felids and Domestic Cat: A Study Using Anatomical Techniques, Computed Tomographic Images Reconstructed in Maximum-Intensity Projection, Volume Rendering and 3D Printing Models. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2609. [PMID: 39272394 PMCID: PMC11393894 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop three-dimensional printing models of the bony nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of big and domestic cats using reconstructed computed tomographic images. This work included an exhaustive study of the osseous nasal anatomy of the domestic cat carried out through dissections, bone trepanations and sectional anatomy. With the use of OsiriX viewer, the DICOM images were postprocessed to obtaining maximum-intensity projection and volume-rendering reconstructions, which allowed for the visualization of the nasal cavity structures and the paranasal sinuses, providing an improvement in the future anatomical studies and diagnosis of pathologies. DICOM images were also processed with AMIRA software to obtain three-dimensional images using semiautomatic segmentation application. These images were then exported using 3D Slicer software for three-dimensional printing. Molds were printed with the Stratasys 3D printer. In human medicine, three-dimensional printing is already of great importance in the clinical field; however, it has not yet been implemented in veterinary medicine and is a technique that will, in the future, in addition to facilitating the anatomical study and diagnosis of diseases, allow for the development of implants that will improve the treatment of pathologies and the survival of big felids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz Martínez
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Arencibia Espinosa
- Department of Morphology, Anatomy and Embriology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña, Arucas, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Marta Soler Laguía
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - David Kilroy
- UCD Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Francisco Martínez Gomariz
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cayetano Sánchez Collado
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Gil Cano
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Raduán Jaber
- Department of Morphology, Anatomy and Embriology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña, Arucas, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Gregorio Ramírez Zarzosa
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Díaz Martínez E, Arencibia Espinosa A, Soler Laguía M, Kilroy D, Martínez Gomariz F, Casas García DL, Sánchez Collado C, Gil Cano F, Jaber JR, Ramírez Zarzosa G. An Anatomical Study Using Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Rhinoscopy of the Nasal Cavity of Domestic Cat ( Felis silvestris catus L.) and Big Cats: Lion ( Panthera leo leo L.), Leopard ( Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and Cheetah ( Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1172. [PMID: 38672320 PMCID: PMC11047709 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of the three species of big cats (leopard, lion, and cheetah) compared to the domestic cat through the use of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy. Computed tomography allowed us to clearly visualize the entire bony and cartilaginous framework that supports the nasal cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging permitted better visualization of the soft tissues of this cavity. On the other hand, rhinoscopy enabled the direct visualization of the mucosa of the vestibule and nasal cavity, which is very useful in the diagnosis of masses or foreign bodies. Furthermore, with this technique, it has been possible to observe several small orifices from the nasolacrimal duct, the pharyngeal auditory tube, and the lateral nasal gland. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy are useful tools in analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the nasal cavity in these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz Martínez
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (F.M.G.); (C.S.C.); (F.G.C.)
| | - Alberto Arencibia Espinosa
- Department of Morphology, Anatomy and Embriology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña, Arucas, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain; (A.A.E.); (J.R.J.)
| | - Marta Soler Laguía
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - David Kilroy
- UCD Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Francisco Martínez Gomariz
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (F.M.G.); (C.S.C.); (F.G.C.)
| | - Diego Luis Casas García
- Centro Veterinario de Mínima Invasión Canarias CVMIC, 35019 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Cayetano Sánchez Collado
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (F.M.G.); (C.S.C.); (F.G.C.)
| | - Francisco Gil Cano
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (F.M.G.); (C.S.C.); (F.G.C.)
| | - José Raduán Jaber
- Department of Morphology, Anatomy and Embriology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña, Arucas, 35416 Las Palmas, Spain; (A.A.E.); (J.R.J.)
| | - Gregorio Ramírez Zarzosa
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (F.M.G.); (C.S.C.); (F.G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abumandour MMA, El-Bakary R, Enany ES, Karkoura A, Farid S. Biological aspects of the nasal turbinates of the Anatolian shepherd dog captured from Egypt: Using computed tomography, histological, and scanning electron microscopic observations. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:927-939. [PMID: 34651363 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to describe the nasal turbinates of 15 heads of Anatolian shepherd dogs using the histology and scanning electron microscope. The caudal part of the nasal cavity is almost occupied by the ethmoidal concha that is related to the high dog's smelling. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial lining of the rostral part of dorsal and ventral concha were interdigitated with the underlying lamina propria, with numerous sebaceous and sweat glands. The pseudostratified squamous epithelium lining of the middle part of the dorsal and ventral conchae had simple seromucous glands. The caudal third of dorsal, ventral, and ethmoidal conchae covered by olfactory epithelium that had three cell types; basal, supporting, and bipolar cells with mucous glands. SEM of the vestibular region shows that the dorsal conchae had a wrinkled surface with microvilli, little olfactory buds, and small sebaceous and sweat glands openings, while the ventral conchae had a lot of filiform-like microvilli. SEM of the respiratory region shows that the dorsal conchae had a little number of seromucous glands and a rosette-shape cilia, while the ventral conchae had numerous cellular cilia that cover all surface. SEM of the fundus region shows that the dorsal conchae had numerous microvilli of ciliated olfactory cells, while the ventral conchae had numerous long microvilli of ciliated olfactory cells. SEM of the ethmoidal nasal conchae shows a dense network of long microvilli of ciliated olfactory cells. We concluded that the morphological features of the dog's nasal turbinates were correlated with their environmental condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M A Abumandour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Raafat El-Bakary
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - El-Said Enany
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Karkoura
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sara Farid
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santifort KM, Jurgens B, Grinwis GC, Gielen I, Meij BP, Mandigers PJ. Invasive nasal histiocytic sarcoma as a cause of temporal lobe epilepsy in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2018; 4:2055116918811179. [PMID: 30450218 PMCID: PMC6236490 DOI: 10.1177/2055116918811179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 10-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat was presented with an acute onset of neurological signs suggestive of a right-sided forebrain lesion, temporal lobe epilepsy and generalised seizure activity. MRI of the head revealed an expansile soft tissue mass in the caudal nasal passages (both sides but predominantly right-sided) involving the ethmoid bone and extending through the cribriform plate into the cranial vault affecting predominantly the right frontal lobe and temporal lobe. Histopathological examination of the tumour revealed a histiocytic sarcoma. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a cat with clinical signs of temporal lobe epilepsy due to an invasive, histiocytic sarcoma. Histiocytic sarcoma, although rare, should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for soft tissue masses extending through the cribriform plate. Other differential diagnoses are primary nasal neoplasia (eg, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, chondrosarcoma and other types of sarcomas), lymphoma and olfactory neuroblastoma. Temporal lobe epilepsy in cats can be the consequence of primary pathology of temporal lobe structures, or it can be a consequence of pathology with an effect on these structures (eg, mass effect or disruption of interconnecting neuronal pathways).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koen M Santifort
- Veterinary Referral Practice 'de Pietersberg', Oosterbeek, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Jurgens
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Cm Grinwis
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Gielen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Björn P Meij
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Jj Mandigers
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance for the advanced imaging of the normal nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). J Zoo Wildl Med 2015; 45:766-74. [PMID: 25632661 DOI: 10.1638/2013-0290.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to describe computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) for the cross-sectional imaging of the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), to provide reference figures for gross anatomy with corresponding CT and MR images and to compare the features of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the normal koala with that reported in other domestic species. Advanced imaging can be used to aid in diagnosis, to plan surgical intervention, and to monitor therapeutic responses to diseases of the nasal passages in koalas. One clinically normal koala was anesthetized twice for the separate acquisition of dorsal CT scan images and transverse, dorsal, and sagittal MR images of its nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Sagittal and transverse CT planes were reformatted. Three fresh koala skulls were also transected in one of each transverse, sagittal, and dorsal planes and photographed. The CT and MR images obtained were matched with corresponding gross anatomic images and the normal bone, tissues and airway passages were identified. All anatomic structures were readily identifiable on CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and gross images. CT and MRI are both valuable diagnostic tools for imaging the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses of koalas. Images obtained from this project can be used as baseline references for future comparison with diseased koalas to help with diagnosis, surgical intervention, and response to therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mogicato G, Raharison F, Ravakarivelo M, Sautet J. Normal nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in brown lemurs Eulemur fulvus: computed tomography and cross-sectional anatomy. J Med Primatol 2012; 41:256-65. [PMID: 22671517 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2012.00546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Far less is known about the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of Eulemur fulvus; no computed tomography (CT) scan has ever been published. METHODS Relevant CT scans were taken in the transverse, dorsal and longitudinal planes. These scans were compared with anatomical sections of heads. RESULTS Computed tomography scans revealed almost all nasal structures, but cannot differentiate between the various layers of the nasal mucosa. Results show a double-scroll arrangement of the ventral nasal concha. The dorsal nasal concha protrudes into the maxillary sinus, but no protrusion into the frontal sinus was observed. The ethmoturbinate I is completely closed back on itself and rostrally voluminous. CONCLUSIONS This work shows that at a clinical level, the integrity of the different turbinates can easily be appreciated from a simple CT scan. It will assist clinicians to evaluate pathological conditions that affect the nasal region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mogicato
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Unité d'Anatomie - Imagerie - Embryologie, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|