1
|
Harrison LM, Noble DWA, Jennions MD. A meta-analysis of sex differences in animal personality: no evidence for the greater male variability hypothesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:679-707. [PMID: 34908228 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The notion that men are more variable than women has become embedded into scientific thinking. For mental traits like personality, greater male variability has been partly attributed to biology, underpinned by claims that there is generally greater variation among males than females in non-human animals due to stronger sexual selection on males. However, evidence for greater male variability is limited to morphological traits, and there is little information regarding sex differences in personality-like behaviours for non-human animals. Here, we meta-analysed sex differences in means and variances for over 2100 effects (204 studies) from 220 species (covering five broad taxonomic groups) across five personality traits: boldness, aggression, activity, sociality and exploration. We also tested if sexual size dimorphism, a proxy for sex-specific sexual selection, explains variation in the magnitude of sex differences in personality. We found no significant differences in personality between the sexes. In addition, sexual size dimorphism did not explain variation in the magnitude of the observed sex differences in the mean or variance in personality for any taxonomic group. In sum, we find no evidence for widespread sex differences in variability in non-human animal personality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Harrison
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Daniel W A Noble
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Michael D Jennions
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Adrian-Kalchhauser I, Blomberg A, Larsson T, Musilova Z, Peart CR, Pippel M, Solbakken MH, Suurväli J, Walser JC, Wilson JY, Alm Rosenblad M, Burguera D, Gutnik S, Michiels N, Töpel M, Pankov K, Schloissnig S, Winkler S. The round goby genome provides insights into mechanisms that may facilitate biological invasions. BMC Biol 2020; 18:11. [PMID: 31992286 PMCID: PMC6988351 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The invasive benthic round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is the most successful temperate invasive fish and has spread in aquatic ecosystems on both sides of the Atlantic. Invasive species constitute powerful in situ experimental systems to study fast adaptation and directional selection on short ecological timescales and present promising case studies to understand factors involved the impressive ability of some species to colonize novel environments. We seize the unique opportunity presented by the round goby invasion to study genomic substrates potentially involved in colonization success. Results We report a highly contiguous long-read-based genome and analyze gene families that we hypothesize to relate to the ability of these fish to deal with novel environments. The analyses provide novel insights from the large evolutionary scale to the small species-specific scale. We describe expansions in specific cytochrome P450 enzymes, a remarkably diverse innate immune system, an ancient duplication in red light vision accompanied by red skin fluorescence, evolutionary patterns of epigenetic regulators, and the presence of osmoregulatory genes that may have contributed to the round goby’s capacity to invade cold and salty waters. A recurring theme across all analyzed gene families is gene expansions. Conclusions The expanded innate immune system of round goby may potentially contribute to its ability to colonize novel areas. Since other gene families also feature copy number expansions in the round goby, and since other Gobiidae also feature fascinating environmental adaptations and are excellent colonizers, further long-read genome approaches across the goby family may reveal whether gene copy number expansions are more generally related to the ability to conquer new habitats in Gobiidae or in fish. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12915-019-0731-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Adrian-Kalchhauser
- Program Man-Society-Environment, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Bern, Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Austria.
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tomas Larsson
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zuzana Musilova
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Claire R Peart
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Planegg-, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martin Pippel
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Monica Hongroe Solbakken
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaanus Suurväli
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strasse 47a, 50674, Köln, Germany
| | - Jean-Claude Walser
- Genetic Diversity Centre, ETH, Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Yvonne Wilson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Magnus Alm Rosenblad
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden.,NBIS Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Demian Burguera
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Gutnik
- Biocenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nico Michiels
- Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mats Töpel
- University of Bern, Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Austria
| | - Kirill Pankov
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Siegfried Schloissnig
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylke Winkler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ligocki IY, Munson A, Farrar V, Viernes R, Sih A, Connon RE, Calisi RM. Environmentally relevant concentrations of bifenthrin affect the expression of estrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in brains of female western mosquitofish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 209:121-131. [PMID: 30769158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, pyrethroid pesticides have been deemed a safer alternative to previously used pesticides. While some evidence supports this assumption in mammals and birds, exposure to certain pyrethroids can affect concentrations of hormones vital to reproduction in fish. Thus, we hypothesized that pyrethroid exposure impacts fish reproductive behavior and the expression of genes associated with reproduction. We tested our hypothesis by examining effects of the widely used pyrethroid pesticide, bifenthrin, on the reproductive behaviors of the broadly distributed livebearing western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. We exposed sexually mature female fish to one of five environmentally relevant concentrations of bifenthrin and conducted behavioral assays to assess reproductive, social, and space use behaviors before and after exposure. We did not detect changes in behaviors measured in response to bifenthrin. However, exposure was associated with increased expression of an estrogen receptor gene (ER-α) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in brain tissue at bifenthrin concentrations at concentrations of 5.90 and 24.82 ng/L, and 5.90 and 12.21 ng/L, respectively. Our study supports the perspective that the use of multiple endpoints through integrative approaches is essential for understanding the cumulative impact of pollutants. Integrating physiological, morphological, and behavioral investigations of nonlethal concentrations of pollutants like bifenthrin may heighten our potential to predict their impact on individuals, populations, and communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Y Ligocki
- Dept. of Evolution, Ecology, and Org. Biology, The Ohio State University, 43210, United States; Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, United States.
| | - Amelia Munson
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Victoria Farrar
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Rechelle Viernes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Andrew Sih
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Rebecca M Calisi
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McLaughlin KE, Kunc HP. Changes in the acoustic environment alter the foraging and sheltering behaviour of the cichlid Amititlania nigrofasciata. Behav Processes 2015; 116:75-9. [PMID: 25937344 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise can affect behaviour across a wide range of species in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. However, behaviours might not be affected in isolation. Therefore, a more holistic approach investigating how environmental stressors, such as noise pollution, affect different behaviours in concert is necessary. Using tank-based noise exposure experiments, we tested how changes in the acoustic environment affect the behaviour of the cichlid Amatitlania nigrofasciata. We found that exposure to anthropogenic noise affected a couple of behaviours: an increase in sheltering was accompanied by a decrease in foraging. Our results highlight the multiple negative effects of an environmental stressor on an individual's behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Elizabeth McLaughlin
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Hansjoerg P Kunc
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heintz MM, Brander SM, White JW. Endocrine Disrupting Compounds Alter Risk-Taking Behavior in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Heintz
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology; University of North Carolina Wilmington; Wilmington NC USA
| | - Susanne M. Brander
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology; University of North Carolina Wilmington; Wilmington NC USA
| | - James W. White
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology; University of North Carolina Wilmington; Wilmington NC USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McCallum ES, Capelle PM, Balshine S. Seasonal plasticity in telencephalon mass of a benthic fish. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2014; 85:1785-1792. [PMID: 25229327 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To gain a deeper understanding of how environmental conditions affect brain plasticity, brain size was explored across different seasons using the invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus. The results show that N. melanostomus had heavier telencephalon in the spring compared to the autumn across the two years of study. Furthermore, fish in reproductive condition had heavier telencephala, indicating that tissue investment and brain plasticity may be related to reproductive needs in N. melanostomus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S McCallum
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leonard EM, Banerjee U, D'Silva JJ, Wood CM. Chronic nickel bioaccumulation and sub-cellular fractionation in two freshwater teleosts, the round goby and the rainbow trout, exposed simultaneously to waterborne and dietborne nickel. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 154:141-153. [PMID: 24880786 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rainbow trout and round goby were exposed for 30 days to waterborne and dietary Ni in combination at two waterborne concentration ranges (6.2-12 μmol/L, 68-86 μmol/L), the lower of which is typical of contaminated environments. The prey (black worms; Lumbriculus variegatus) were exposed for 48 h in the effluent of the fish exposure tanks before being fed to the fish (ration=2% body weight/day). Ni in gills, gut, and prey was fractionated into biologically inactive metal [BIM=metal-rich granules (MRG) and metallothionein-like proteins (MT)] and biologically active metal [BAM=organelles (ORG) and heat-denaturable proteins (HDP)]. Gobies were more sensitive than trout to chronic Ni exposure. Possibly, this greater sensitivity may have been due to the goby's pre-exposure to pollutants at their collection site, as evidenced by ∼2-fold greater initial Ni concentrations in both gills and gut relative to trout. However, this was followed by ∼2-16× larger bioaccumulation in both the gills and the gut during the experimental exposure. On a subcellular level, ∼3-40× more Ni was associated with the BAM fraction of goby in comparison to trout. Comparison of the fractional distribution of Ni in the prey versus the gut tissue of the predators suggested that round goby were more efficient than rainbow trout in detoxifying Ni taken up from the diet. Assessing sub-cellular distribution of Ni in the gills and gut of two fish of different habitat and lifestyles revealed two different strategies of Ni bioaccumulation and sub-cellular distribution. On the one hand, trout exhibited an ability to regulate gill Ni bioaccumulation and maintain the majority of the Ni in the MT fraction of the BIM. In contrast goby exhibited large Ni spillovers to both the HDP and ORG fractions of the BAM in the gill. However, the same trend was not observed in the gut, where the potential acclimation of goby to pollutants from their collection site may have aided their ability to regulate Ni spillover to the BAM more so than in trout. Overall, chronic mortality observed in goby may be associated more with Ni bioaccumulation in gills than in gut; the former at either 4-d or 30-d was predictive of chronic Ni toxicity. BIM and BAM fractions of the goby gills were equally predictive of chronic (30-d) mortality. However, critical body residue (CBR50) values of the BIM fraction were ∼2-4× greater than CBR50 values of the BAM fraction, suggesting that goby are more sensitive to Ni bioaccumulation in the BAM fraction. There was insufficient mortality in trout to assess whether Ni bioaccumulation was predictive of chronic mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Leonard
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Life Science Building 208 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1.
| | - Upasana Banerjee
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Life Science Building 208 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Joshua J D'Silva
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Life Science Building 208 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Chris M Wood
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Life Science Building 208 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Leonard EM, Marentette JR, Balshine S, Wood CM. Critical body residues, Michaelis-Menten analysis of bioaccumulation, lethality and behaviour as endpoints of waterborne Ni toxicity in two teleosts. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:147-162. [PMID: 24402007 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-013-1159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, water quality guidelines/criteria are based on lethality tests where results are expressed as a function of waterborne concentrations (e.g. LC50). However, there is growing interest in the use of uptake and binding relationships, such as biotic ligand models (BLM), and in bioaccumulation parameters, such as critical body residue values (e.g. CBR50), to predict metal toxicity in aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, all these approaches only protect species against physiological death (e.g. mortality, failed recruitment), and do not consider ecological death which can occur at much lower concentrations when the animal cannot perform normal behaviours essential for survival. Therefore, we investigated acute (96 h) Ni toxicity in two freshwater fish species, the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and compared LC, BLM, and CBR parameters for various organs, as well as behavioural responses (spontaneous activity). In general, round goby were more sensitive. Ni bioaccumulation displayed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in most tissues, and round goby gills had lower Kd (higher binding affinity) but similar Bmax (binding site density) values relative to rainbow trout gills. Round goby also accumulated more Ni than did trout in most tissues at a given exposure concentration. Organ-specific 96 h acute CBR values tended to be higher in round goby but 96 h acute CBR50 and CBR10 values in the gills were very similar in the two species. In contrast, LC50 and LC10 values were significantly higher in rainbow trout. With respect to BLM parameters, gill log KNiBL values for bioaccumulation were higher by 0.4-0.8 log units than the log KNiBL values for toxicity in both species, and both values were higher in goby (more sensitive). Round goby were also more sensitive with respect to the behavioural response, exhibiting a significant decline of 63-75 % in movements per minute at Ni concentrations at and above only 8 % of the LC50 value; trout exhibited no clear behavioural response. Across species, diverse behavioral responses may be more closely related to tissue Ni burdens than to waterborne Ni concentrations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to link Ni bioaccumulation with behavioural endpoints. In future it would be beneficial to expand these analyses to a wider range of species to determine whether Ni bioaccumulation, specifically in the gills, gut and whole fish, may be a good predictor of behavioural changes from metal exposure; which in the wild can lead to ecological death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Leonard
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Life Science Building 208, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|