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Coman S, Berean DI, Cimpean R, Ciupe S, Coman I, Bogdan LM. Clinical Modalities for Enhancing Reproductive Efficiency in Buffaloes: A Review and Practical Aspects for Veterinary Practitioners. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2642. [PMID: 39335232 PMCID: PMC11428391 DOI: 10.3390/ani14182642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to bring a comprehensive analysis of key clinical strategies for enhancing reproductive efficiency in buffaloes, a species that exhibit low reproductive performance under conventional reproductive management compared to that exhibited by cattle. It considers key ART techniques including estrus synchronization for artificial insemination, and ovulation induction, highlighting their role in improving fertility and overall herd productivity. However, it also addresses common postpartum inflammatory and functional reproductive disorders, discussing their diagnosis and treatment protocols, stressing their impact on the overall reproductive outcome in buffalo farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Coman
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.C.); (S.C.); (L.M.B.)
| | - Daniel Ionut Berean
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.C.); (S.C.); (L.M.B.)
| | - Raluca Cimpean
- Department of Animal Breeding and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Simona Ciupe
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.C.); (S.C.); (L.M.B.)
| | | | - Liviu Marian Bogdan
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.C.); (S.C.); (L.M.B.)
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Singha S, Pandey M, Jaiswal L, Dash S, Fernandes A, Kumaresan A, Maharana BR, Lathwal SS, Sarath T, Datta TK, Mohanty TK, Baithalu RK. Salivary cell-free HSD17B1 and HSPA1A transcripts as potential biomarkers for estrus identification in buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis). Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2554-2564. [PMID: 35913775 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Estrus detection is a major problem in buffaloes because of the poor expression of estrus signs leading to low reproductive efficiency. Salivary transcripts analysis is a promising tool to identify biomarkers; therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate their potential as estrus biomarkers. The levels of HSD17B1, INHBA, HSPA1A, TES transcripts were compared in saliva during estrous cycle stages [early proestrus (day -2, EP), late proestrus (day-1, LP), estrus (E), metestrus (ME) and diestrus (DE)] of cyclic heifers (n = 8) and pluriparous (n = 8) buffaloes by employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The levels of HSD17B1 (EP/DE 1.46-2.43 fold, LP/DE 2.49-3.06 fold; E/DE 7.21-11.9-fold p < 0.01; ME/D 1.0-1.16 fold) and HSPA1A (EP/DE 0.93-2.39 fold, LP/DE 2.68-3.23 fold; E/DE 8.52-15.18 fold p < 0.01; ME/D 0.86-1.01 fold) were significantly altered during the estrus than other estrous cycle stages in both cyclic heifers and pluriparous buffaloes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the ability of salivary HSD17B1 (AUC 0.96; p < 0.001) and HSPA1A (AUC 0.99; p < 0.01) to differentiate E from other stages of the estrous cycle. Significantly higher levels of HSD17B1 and HSPA1A transcripts in saliva during the estrus phase suggest their biomarkers potential for estrus detection in buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Singha
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- Molecular Reproduction Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Mamta Pandey
- Molecular Reproduction Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Latika Jaiswal
- Molecular Reproduction Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sangram Dash
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- Molecular Reproduction Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Abhijeet Fernandes
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Arumugan Kumaresan
- SRS-Bengaluru, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Biswa Ranjan Maharana
- Regional Research Centre, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Science, LUVAS, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Singh Lathwal
- Livestock Production Management, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Thulasiraman Sarath
- Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS, Vepery, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tirtha K Datta
- Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Tushar K Mohanty
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Rubina Kumari Baithalu
- Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- Molecular Reproduction Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Kumar S, Chaves MS, da Silva AFB, Vale WG, Filho STR, Ferreira-Silva JC, Melo LM, de Figueiredo Freitas VJ. Factors affecting the in vitro embryo production in buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis): A review. VET MED-CZECH 2023; 68:45-56. [PMID: 38332761 PMCID: PMC10847820 DOI: 10.17221/48/2022-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Under natural and well-managed conditions, the buffalo has good reproductive and productive indices. However, in vitro embryo production (IVEP) has been used commercially to maximise the number of elite animals. In this species, several factors (donor management, in vitro culture medium, semen, in vitro conditions, embryo transfer) still affect the IVEP results. In addition, the cost of this technique is very high for this purpose. Therefore, more studies, as well as adequate plans, are needed to achieve this objective efficiently. In this review, we discussed the current commercial status, influencing factors (in vivo and in vitro), and the progress and future challenges of IVEP in buffalo. A total of 81 references were used from 1979 to 2022. The relevant data or literature were searched using the following databases: Google, ResearchGate, Science Alert, Science Direct and PubMed, using the following keywords: buffalo oocytes/COCs, buffalo embryos, pregnancy and calving or live birth rate after embryo transfer. The best maturation, cleavage and blastocyst rates in the in vitro production of buffalo embryos were 95.8, 75.2 and 33.4%, respectively. The pregnancy and live birth rates ranged from 22.2% to 43.5% and from 15.3% to 36.5%, respectively, after the transfer of fresh embryos produced in vitro to the recipients. This review will help to contextualise IVEP in buffaloes, as well as create an adequate plan for implementing IVEP in buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maiana Silva Chaves
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - William Gomes Vale
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Singh LK, Pandey M, Baithalu RK, Fernandes A, Ali SA, Jaiswal L, Pannu S, Neeraj, Mohanty TK, Kumaresan A, Datta TK, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Comparative Proteome Profiling of Saliva Between Estrus and Non-Estrus Stages by Employing Label-Free Quantitation (LFQ) and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-LC-MS/MS Analysis: An Approach for Estrus Biomarker Identification in Bubalus bubalis. Front Genet 2022; 13:867909. [PMID: 35754844 PMCID: PMC9217162 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.867909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate determination of estrus is essentially required for efficient reproduction management of farm animals. Buffalo is a shy breeder and does not manifest overt signs of estrus that make estrus detection difficult resulting in a poor conception rate. Therefore, identifying estrus biomarkers in easily accessible biofluid such as saliva is of utmost interest. In the current study, we generated saliva proteome profiles during proestrus (PE), estrus (E), metestrus (ME), and diestrus (DE) stages of the buffalo estrous cycle using both label-free quantitation (LFQ) and labeled (TMT) quantitation and mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 520 proteins were identified as DEPs in LFQ; among these, 59 and four proteins were upregulated (FC ≥ 1.5) and downregulated (FC ≤ 0.5) during E vs. PE, ME, and DE comparisons, respectively. Similarly, TMT-LC-MS/MS analysis identified 369 DEPs; among these, 74 and 73 proteins were upregulated and downregulated during E vs. PE, ME, and DE stages, respectively. Functional annotations of GO terms showed enrichment of glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, salivary secretion, innate immune response, calcium ion binding, oocyte meiosis, and estrogen signaling. Over-expression of SERPINB1, HSPA1A, VMO1, SDF4, LCN1, OBP, and ENO3 proteins during estrus was further confirmed by Western blotting. This is the first comprehensive report on differential proteome analysis of buffalo saliva between estrus and non-estrus stages. This study generated an important panel of candidate proteins that may be considered buffalo estrus biomarkers which can be applied in the development of a diagnostic kit for estrus detection in buffalo.
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Panda P, Tiwari R, Joshi P, Singh A, Dutt T. Adoption of scientifically recommended artificial insemination practices by paravets: a depiction of current scenario of four states in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:490. [PMID: 34596769 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was done to assess the different practices followed by the AI technicians (paravets) while performing artificial insemination (AI). A total of 160 paravets were selected for the study having equal representation from 4 different states of India (Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana, and Odisha). Questionnaire and telephonic survey were used for collecting data. Several practices followed by paravets were assessed under three sub-groups, viz., practices followed prior to, during, and post-artificial insemination. In as many as seven practices, viz., gathering pre-AI information, storage of semen straw, time of performing AI, thawing container, wiping of semen straw, cutting of semen straw, and record keeping, the adoption gap was found to be nil. Maximum adoption gap (30.60%) was seen in "adopting basic sanitary measures," whereas about 13% of adoption gap was found in the case of "monitoring of heat post calving" followed by "checking of heat prior to AI" (8.00%). Hence, along with provision of necessary measures for water bath, apron, and gumboots by State Department of Animal Husbandry (SDAH), the paravets should be made aware about the importance of basic sanitary measures. Crystoscope availability should also be ensured as it is easy to use by paravets and farmers for heat detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratikshya Panda
- Division of Extension Education, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Rupasi Tiwari
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Pragya Joshi
- Khalsa College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | | | - Triveni Dutt
- ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India, 243122
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PANDA PRATIKSHYA, TIWARI RUPASI, DUTT TRIVENI, ROY RAKESH. Information needs of paravets on artificial insemination in India. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i5.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the information needs of the paravets on Artificial Insemination (AI) in India. Paravets (160) were selected having equal representation from 4 different parts of India (Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana and Odisha). Questionnaire and telephonic survey method was used for data collection. The information needs on AI among paravets was assessed under four sub-groups, viz. information needs on heat detection, AI techniques, post-AI practices and miscellaneous information related to AI. Results revealed that the most needed information was symptoms of heat in buffaloes and pregnancy diagnosis both bearing 1st rank (MWS=7.22), followed by address of semen stations (MWS=6.09) with 2nd rank, rectal palpation (MWS=5.97) ranked 3rd, signs of heat in cattle (MWS=5.91) ranked 4th and use of crystoscope for checking fern pattern (MWS=5.68) with 5th rank. Earlier researchers have established that proper AI technique is essential for improving conception rate. Hence, along with provision of training courses on AI, there is a need to focus on creating efficient information systems platform incorporating knowledge related to AI which can be easily accessed by the paravets. Further, the paravets need to be trained on the use of digital tools for faster information delivery and ease of use. Efforts are also needed for continuous education of the paravets for enhancing the effectiveness of AI. Convergence of various information dissemination efforts of the government and non-government sector, and more number of multipronged information channels are required to fulfil the information needs of the paravets.
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Intravenous Infusion of Nucleated Peripheral Blood Cells Restores Fertility in Mice with Chemotherapy-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6030093. [PMID: 30223591 PMCID: PMC6163893 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment with specific chemotherapeutic agents has been well documented to have an adverse impact on female fertility leading to premature ovarian failure (POF). The objective of this study is to investigate if chemotherapeutic induced POF can be reversed by the infusion of autologous nucleated peripheral blood cells (PBMC). To reach our goal, mice were treated with a single intraperitoneal injections of busulfan and cyclophosphamide to induce POF. This was followed by transfusion of PBMC. The ovarian morphology and functional parameters were monitored by radioimmunoassay, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analysis. Our study showed that chemotherapy (CTX) protracted estrous cycle period and repressed E2 production. In addition, CTX decreased the expressions of steroidogenesis markers, CYP-17 synthesis, StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein), and Connexin-43 protein expression in the ovarian follicles. We also observed reduced numbers and sizes of the primordial and primary follicles in CTX-treated mice compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05). When both CTX and untreated control groups were stimulated with gonadotrophin, the control group produced ten times more ova than the CTX group. Finally, the treatment of premature ovarian failure induced by CTX with autologous PBMC transfusion resulted in over-expression and a statistically significant increase in several stem cell markers and restoration of fertility. Infusion with PBMC in CTX further decreased the estrous cycle length by 2.5 times (p < 0.01). We found that transfusion of autologous PBMC to mice with chemotherapy induced POF was very effective at restoring fertility. These results are similar to other studies using bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.
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Evaluation of factors involved in the failure of ovum capture in superovulated buffaloes. Theriogenology 2018; 122:102-108. [PMID: 30245332 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate factors affecting ovum capture in superovulated buffaloes, by comparing the morphological features of pre-ovulatory follicles and oocytes, the intrafollicular and plasmatic steroid profile, as well as the expression of genes involved in cumulus expansion and steroid cascade in granulosa cells (GCs) and that of genes involved in contraction-relaxation of the oviduct between superovulated and synchronized buffaloes. Italian Mediterranean Buffalo cows were either synchronized by Ovsynch (n = 25) and superovulated (n = 10) with conventional FSH protocol and sacrificed 18 h after last GnRH. Antral follicular count, recovery rate and oocyte quality were recorded, and plasma and follicular fluid were collected for steroid profile determination. In addition, in 10 animals (5/group), GCs were collected to analyse the mRNA expression of gonadotropin receptors (LHR and FSHR) and genes involved in steroid synthesis, as the cytochrome P450 family 19 (CYP19A1) and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR). Moreover, oviducts were collected to evaluate the mRNA expression of estrogen receptor 1 (ER1) and the progesterone receptor (PGR), the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the VEGF receptors, i.e. the kinase insert domain receptor (FLK1) and the fms related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1). No differences were recorded in steroids plasma concentration between synchronized and superovulated animals whereas intrafollicular E2 and P4 concentrations decreased in superovulated group (63.2 ± 10.6 vs 30.3 ± 5.9 ng/mL of E2 and 130.1 ± 19.8 vs 71.6 ± 8.5 ng/mL of P4, respectively in synchronized and superovulated animals; P < 0.05). Interestingly, both the recovery rate (85.7% vs 56.6%, respectively in synchronized and in superovulated animals; P < 0.05) and the percentage of oocytes exhibiting proper cumulus expansion (75% vs 28.1%, respectively in synchronized and in superovulated animals; P < 0.01) decreased in superovulated animals. In addition, the expression of FSHR and CYP19A1 increased while the expression of STAR in GCs decreased (P < 0.05). Finally, in superovulated buffaloes a decreased expression of PGR, ER1, VEGF and its receptor FLK1 in the oviduct was observed. The results suggest that the exogenous FSH treatment impairs steroidogenesis, affecting both the oviduct and the ovarian function, accounting for the failure of ovum capture in superovulated buffaloes.
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Efficacy of different methods for detecting the onset of ovarian cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1559-1564. [PMID: 29671240 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of three methods for detecting the onset of cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes. The methods investigated were visual signs, transrectal ultrasonography, and serum progesterone (P4) assay. For this study, 102 post-partum Murrah buffalo cows were grouped for monitoring their ovarian activity. The first group of buffaloes was between 26 and 35 days post-partum. Thereafter, the buffalo cows that calved were grouped after every 10 days for the study sample. Thus, the study animals were adjudged between 26 and 35, 36-45, 46-55, 56-65, 66-75, 76-85, and 86-95 days post-partum with an average of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 days post-partum, respectively. Visual estrus signs were monitored twice daily, and simultaneously, ultrasound examination was carried out at 10 days interval for accessing the presence of corpus luteum (CL). Serum P4 was estimated in the animals which were adjudged cyclic by ultrasound examination, and the assay was repeated after 10 days. The buffalo cows in estrus were inseminated artificially, and pregnancy status was assessed after 30 days post-insemination. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of visual observation were low (39.37 and 70.73%, respectively) when compared to P4 assay (98.80 and 96.47%) and ultrasound examination (single, 97.59 and 97.59%; double, 100 and 100%), respectively. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of single and double ultrasound examination and P4 assay were comparable. In conclusion, this study reports that single and double ultrasound examination and P4 assay are more efficient than visual observation in detecting the onset of ovarian cyclicity in post-partum Murrah buffaloes.
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Abstract
The aim of current study was to review breeding progress and update information on genetic strategies in Iranian buffaloes. Iranian buffalo is one of the vital domestic animals throughout north, north-west, south and south-west of Iran with measurable characteristics both in milk and meat production. The species plays an important role in rural economy of the country due to its unique characteristics such as resistance to diseases and parasites, having long productive lifespan and showing higher capability of consuming low-quality forage. In Iran, total production of milk and meat devoted to buffaloes are 293,000 and 24,700 tons, respectively. Selection activities and milk yield recording are carrying out by the central government through the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. The main breeding activities of Iranian buffaloes included the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends for performance traits using different models and methods, estimation of economic values and selection criteria and analysis of population structure. Incorporating different aspects of dairy buffalo management together with improved housing, nutrition, breeding and milking, is known to produce significant improvements in buffalo production. Therefore, identifying genetic potential of Iranian buffaloes, selection of superior breeds, improving nutritional management and reproduction and developing the education and increasing the skills of practical breeders can be useful in order to enhance the performance and profitability of Iranian buffaloes.
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Ramoun AA, Emara AM, Heleil BA, Darweish SA, Abou-Ghait HA. Hormonal profile and follicular dynamics concurrent with CIDR and insulin modified Ovsync TAI programs and their impacts on the fertility response in buffaloes. Theriogenology 2017; 104:205-210. [PMID: 28888896 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fifty one cyclic Egyptian buffaloes were used to study the hormonal profile and follicular dynamics concurrent with CIDR and insulin modified Ovsync TAI programs and their impacts on the consequent fertility responses. The buffaloes were randomly assigned into 3 ovulation synchronization protocols: Ovsync-alone (n = 13, control) CIDR-sync (n = 20) and Insulin-sync (n = 18). Ovsync-alone protocol consisted of two im injections of 20 μg bueserlin (GnRHa) on Day 0 (GnRH 1) and on Day 9 (GnRH 2) with an im injection of 500 μg of cloprostenol sodium (PGF2 α) on Day 7. The CIDR-sync protocol consisted of the same treatment protocol as in Ovsync in addition to intra-vaginal insertion of CIDR (contains 1.38 gm of progesterone) on Day 0 followed by removal on Day 7. The Insulin-sync protocol consisted of the same treatment protocol as in Ovsync plus 3 sc injections of insulin at a dose of 0.25 i.u/1 kg, on Days 7, 8, and 9. Buffaloes in all groups were inseminated 16 h after GnRH2 by the same inseminator using frozen semen in straws. Blood samples were collected on Days 0, 3, 5 for serum progesterone assay and on Day 9 to measure serum concentrations of estradiol, insulin and IGF-1. Transrectal ultrasonographic scanning of the ovaries was conducted on Days 7, 8 and 9 to record the diameter of the largest follicle. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted on Day 30 post-TAI by trans-rectal ultrasonographic scanning of the uterus to calculate conception rate. The serum progesterone concentration showed an increase (p < 0.01) in pregnant compared with non-pregnant buffaloes in both Ovsync-alone and Insulin-sync groups, but not in CIDR-sync group (p > 0.05) on Days 3 and 5. The serum estradiol concentration on Day 9 showed an increase (p < 0.01) in pregnant compared with the non-pregnant buffaloes in all of the treated groups. In Insulin-sync and Ovsync-alone groups, the diameter of the largest follicle (LF) was larger (p < 0.01) in pregnant compared with non-pregnant buffaloes, but in CIDR-sync, the diameter of the (LF) was larger (p < 0.01) in non-pregnant compared with pregnant buffaloes. Also, the results showed that the greatest diameter of LF was observed in pregnant buffaloes in Insulin-sync compared with either pregnant or non-pregnant buffaloes in all groups. It is concluded that modified CIDR-sync and Insulin-sync could improve fertility response through modulating hormonal profile and follicular dynamics in buffaloes during low breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ramoun
- Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - A M Emara
- Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - B A Heleil
- Theriogenology Dept., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - S A Darweish
- Mahallet-Mousa Buffalo Research Station, Animal Production Research Institute, Agric. Research Centre, Egypt
| | - H A Abou-Ghait
- Mahallet-Mousa Buffalo Research Station, Animal Production Research Institute, Agric. Research Centre, Egypt
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Neglia G, Gasparrini B, Salzano A, Vecchio D, De Carlo E, Cimmino R, Balestrieri A, D'Occhio MJ, Campanile G. Relationship between the ovarian follicular response at the start of an Ovsynch–TAI program and pregnancy outcome in the Mediterranean river buffalo. Theriogenology 2016; 86:2328-2333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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13
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Saliva ferning, an unorthodox estrus detection method in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2016; 86:1147-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Warriach HM, McGill DM, Bush RD, Wynn PC, Chohan KR. A review of recent developments in buffalo reproduction - a review. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:451-5. [PMID: 25656203 PMCID: PMC4341092 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The buffalo is an important livestock resource in several countries of South Asia and the Mediterranean regions. However, reproductive efficiency is compromised due to known problems of biological and management origins, such as lack of animal selection and poor nutrition. Under optimal conditions puberty is attained at 15 to 18 months in river buffalo, 21 to 24 months in swamp buffalo and is influenced by genotype, nutrition, management and climate. However, under field conditions these values deteriorate up to a significant extant. To improve reproductive efficiency, several protocols of oestrus and ovulation synchronization have been adopted from their use in commercial cattle production. These protocols yield encouraging pregnancy rates of (30% to 50%), which are comparable to those achieved in buffaloes bred at natural oestrus. The use of sexed semen in buffalo heifers also showed promising pregnancy rates (50%) when compared with conventional non-sexed semen. Assisted reproductive technologies have been transferred and adapted to buffalo but the efficiency of these technologies are low. However, these latest technologies offer the opportunity to accelerate the genetic gain in the buffalo industry after improving the technology and reducing its cost. Most buffaloes are kept under the small holder farming system in developing countries. Hence, future research should focus on simple, adoptable and impact- oriented approaches which identify the factors determining low fertility and oestrus behaviour in this species. Furthermore, role of kisspeptin needs to be explored in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Warriach
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000,
Pakistan
- EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, 2650 NSW,
Australia
| | - D. M. McGill
- EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, 2650 NSW,
Australia
| | - R. D. Bush
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden NSW 2570,
Australia
| | - P. C. Wynn
- EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, 2650 NSW,
Australia
| | - K. R. Chohan
- Department of Pathology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Upstate Medical University Syracuse, New York, 13210,
USA
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15
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Abstract
The domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) has an important role in the agricultural economy of many developing countries in Asia, providing milk, meat and draught power. It is also used in some Mediterranean and Latin American countries as a source of milk and meat for specialized markets. Although the buffalo can adapt to harsh environments and live on poor quality forage, reproductive efficiency is often compromised by such conditions, resulting in late sexual maturity, long postpartum anoestrus, poor expression of oestrus, poor conception rates and long calving intervals. The age at puberty is influenced by genotype, nutrition, management and climate, and under favourable conditions occurs at 15-18 months in river buffalo and 21-24 months in swamp buffalo. The ovaries are smaller than in cattle and contain fewer primordial follicles. Buffalo are capable of breeding throughout the year, but in many countries a seasonal pattern of ovarian activity occurs. This is attributed in tropical regions to changes in rainfall resulting in feed availability or to temperature stress resulting in elevated prolactin secretion, and in temperate regions to changes in photoperiod and melatonin secretion. The mean length of the oestrous cycle is 21 days, with greater variation than observed in cattle. The signs of oestrus in buffalo are less overt than in cattle and homosexual behaviour between females is rare. The duration of oestrus is 5-27 h, with ovulation occurring 24-48 h (mean 34 h) after the onset of oestrus. The hormonal changes occurring in peripheral circulation are similar to those observed in cattle, but the peak concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol-17β are less. The number of follicular waves during an oestrous cycle varies from one to three and influences the length of the luteal phase as well as the inter-ovulatory interval. Under optimal conditions, dairy types managed with limited or no suckling resume oestrus cyclicity by 30-60 days after calving, while swamp types with free suckling do so at 60-90 days. However, in many farming systems prolonged postpartum anoestrus is a major problem, and the causes include poor nutrition and body condition, and stress due to harsh climates and improper management. Synchronization of time or induction of oestrus can be done using the same regimens as applied in cattle, using various combinations of prostaglandins, progesterone releasing devices, GnRH and eCG, but success rate is poor when treatment is done during the periods of marginal breeding activity or seasonal anoestrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M A O Perera
- Department of Farm Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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16
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Campanile G, Baruselli PS, Neglia G, Vecchio D, Gasparrini B, Gimenes LU, Zicarelli L, D'Occhio MJ. Ovarian function in the buffalo and implications for embryo development and assisted reproduction. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 121:1-11. [PMID: 20430540 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Campanile
- DISCIZIA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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17
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Changes in endogenous estrogens and expression of behaviors associated with estrus during the periovulatory period in Heatsynch treated Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 42:947-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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