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Rasoarimalala NF, Ramiadantsoa T, Rakotonirina JC, Fisher BL. Linear Morphometry of Male Genitalia Distinguishes the Ant Genera Monomorium and Syllophopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar. INSECTS 2024; 15:605. [PMID: 39194810 DOI: 10.3390/insects15080605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Morphometric analyses of male genitalia are routinely used to distinguish genera and species in beetles, butterflies, and flies, but are rarely used in ants, where most morphometric analyses focus on the external morphology of the worker caste. In this work, we performed linear morphometric analysis of the male genitalia to distinguish Monomorium and Syllophopsis in Madagascar. For 80 specimens, we measured 10 morphometric characters, especially on the paramere, volsella, and penisvalvae. Three datasets were made from linear measurements: mean (raw data), the ratios of characters (ratio data), and the Removal of Allometric Variance (RAV data). The following quantitative methods were applied to these datasets: hierarchical clustering (Ward's method), unconstrained ordination methods including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling analyses (NMDS), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Conditional Inference Trees (CITs). The results from statistical analysis show that the ratios proved to be the most effective approach for genus-level differentiation. However, the RAV method exhibited overlap between the genera. Meanwhile, the raw data facilitated more nuanced distinctions at the species level compared with the ratios and RAV approaches. The CITs revealed that the ratios of denticle length of the valviceps (SeL) to the paramere height (PaH) effectively distinguished between genera and identified key variables for species-level differentiation. Overall, this study shows that linear morphometric analysis of male genitalia is a useful data source for taxonomic delimitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomena F Rasoarimalala
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Mention Entomologie Cultures Élevage et Santé, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Tanjona Ramiadantsoa
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Jean Claude Rakotonirina
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Mention Entomologie Cultures Élevage et Santé, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Brian L Fisher
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
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Morphological variability of Argynnis paphia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) across different environmental conditions in eastern Slovakia. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The intraspecific variability of Colias croceus (Geoffroy, 1785) and C. erate (Esper, 1805) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) from the perspective of comparative morphology. ZOOMORPHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00435-021-00535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Okutaner AY, Sarikaya AD, Sarikaya Z, Zdikmen H. A geometric morphometric evaluation on three populations of endemic species, Dorcadion micans (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) in Ankara Province from Turkey with a new subspecies description. Zootaxa 2021; 5004:167-180. [PMID: 34811313 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Due to some biological features, species belonging to genus Dorcadion Dalman, 1817 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) can be easily divided into isolated populations. This can be considered as an important factor of speciation process and allows the observation of various effects of biological evolution of taxa. These effects can be measured on morphological characters with some different approaches such as geometric morphometrics. This study aims to determine pronotum and elytra shape differences of the samples of three isolated localities of Turkey (Akyurt, Bala, and Beynam) detected in Ankara, and to contribute to taxonomic and evolutionary knowledge of Dorcadion micans Thomson (1867) by evaluating the analysis of outcomes. As a result, significant differences between populations were detected both in pronotum and elytra. Besides, common variations were observed in some morphological characters of the Bala and Beynam populations, unlike Akyurt population. Accordingly, the distinguishing characters are discussed, and the following new subspecies is described: Dorcadion micans majoripunctum ssp. nov. from Ankara province in Northern part of Central Anatolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilay Yamur Okutaner
- Krehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology, 40200, Krehir, Turkey.
| | - Asli Doan Sarikaya
- Krehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology, 40200, Krehir, Turkey.
| | - Zkan Sarikaya
- Krehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Development, 40200, Krehir, Turkey.
| | - Hseyin Zdikmen
- Gazi University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.
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Cardini A. Modern morphometrics and the study of population differences: Good data behind clever analyses and cool pictures? Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 303:2747-2765. [PMID: 32220106 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of phenotypic variation in time and space is central to evolutionary biology. Modern geometric morphometrics is the leading family of methods for the quantitative analysis of biological forms. This set of techniques relies heavily on technological innovation for data acquisition, often in the form of 2D or 3D digital images, and on powerful multivariate statistical tools for their analysis. However, neither the most sophisticated device for computerized imaging nor the best statistical test can produce accurate, robust and reproducible results, if it is not based on really good samples and an appropriate use of the 'measurements' extracted from the data. Using examples mostly from my own work on mammal craniofacial variation and museum specimens, I will show how easy it is to forget these most basic assumptions, while focusing heavily on analytical and visualization methods, and much less on the data that generate potentially powerful analyses and visually appealing diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cardini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Platania L, Vodă R, Dincă V, Talavera G, Vila R, Dapporto L. Integrative analyses on Western PalearcticLasiommatareveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Platania
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Raluca Vodă
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
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Genitalic Differentiations in Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Gueneé) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Associated with Solanaceae Crops in Ecuador. INSECTS 2017; 8:insects8030091. [PMID: 28858224 PMCID: PMC5620711 DOI: 10.3390/insects8030091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée) is an oligophagous species of plants in the Solanaceae family that has a broad geographical distribution in the tropical zones of South America. It is the most important insect pest of naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lamarck), a crop grown in threatened areas of the tropical old-growth forest in Ecuador. In this study, two host-specific populations of N. elegantalis were collected from infested fruit of naranjilla and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cavanilles) in different locations. Sexually virgin adult insects (93 females and 103 males) were dissected to extract their genitalia to measure 12 morphological variables in females and six in males, resulting in six and four informative variables respectively. Using univariate and multivariate analysis of variance, it was found that the Solanaceous host was the main factor differentiating the area measurements of the seventh abdominal segment and ostium bursae in female genitalia, and cornuti length in male genitalia. Principal components generated with these measurements were employed in a logistic regression model for the classification of the Solanaceous host. Female genitalia of individuals from S. betaceum showed significantly larger ostium bursae relative to female genitalia from S. quitoense. For males, individuals collected from S. betaceum showed longer cornuti length than samples collected from S. quitoense. The results suggest genotypic differentiation according to the Solanaceous host or phenotypic plasticity in N. elegantalis. Further molecular and bio-geographical studies are needed to properly differentiate N. elegantalis populations that would help in the control of this pest.
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Strona G, Montano S, Seveso D, Galli P, Fattorini S. Identification of Monogenea made easier: a new statistical procedure for an automatic selection of diagnostic linear measurements in closely related species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Strona
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences; University of Milan-Bicocca; Milan Italy
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences; University of Milan-Bicocca; Milan Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences; University of Milan-Bicocca; Milan Italy
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences; University of Milan-Bicocca; Milan Italy
| | - Simone Fattorini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences; University of Milan-Bicocca; Milan Italy
- Azorean Biodiversity Group; Departamento de Ciências Agrárias; Universidade dos Açores; Terceira Azores Portugal
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Nedeljković Z, Ačanski J, Vujić A, Obreht D, Ðan M, Ståhls G, Radenković S. Taxonomy ofChrysotoxum festivum Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Syrphidae) - an integrative approach. Zool J Linn Soc 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Nedeljković
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
| | - Jelena Ačanski
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
| | - Ante Vujić
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
| | - Dragana Obreht
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
| | - Mihajla Ðan
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
| | - Gunilla Ståhls
- Entomology Department; Finnish Museum of Natural History; University of Helsinki; PO Box 17; FI-00014; Helsinki; Finland
| | - Snežana Radenković
- Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000; Novi Sad; Serbia
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Dapporto L, Bruschini C, Dincă V, Vila R, Dennis RLH. Identifying zones of phenetic compression in West Mediterranean butterflies (Satyrinae): refugia, invasion and hybridization. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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12
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Invading a refugium: post glacial replacement of the ancestral lineage of a Nymphalid butterfly in the West Mediterranean. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-011-0065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dincă V, Dapporto L, Vila R. A combined genetic-morphometric analysis unravels the complex biogeographical history of Polyommatus icarus and Polyommatus celina common blue butterflies. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:3921-35. [PMID: 21883579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Widespread species have the potential to reveal large-scale biogeographical patterns, as well as responses to environmental changes possibly unique to habitat generalists. This study presents a continental-scale phylogeographical analysis of Polyommatus icarus, one of the most common Palaearctic butterflies, and the morphologically and ecologically similar Polyommatus celina, a recently discovered cryptic species. By combining data from mitochondrial [cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)] and nuclear [internal transcribed spacer (ITS2)] molecular markers with geometric morphometrics, we document a complex phylogeographical history for the two species. Despite morphological similarities, the genetic divergence between these two species is high (more than 5% at COI) and they are not sister species. For the first time, we show that P. celina occurs not only in North Africa but also in Europe, where it inhabits several west Mediterranean islands, as well as large parts of Iberia, where it occurs in parapatry with P. icarus. The two species appear to completely exclude each other on islands, but we provide morphological and molecular evidence that introgression occurred in the Iberian Peninsula. We discovered strongly diverged lineages that seem to represent relict populations produced by past range expansions and contractions: Crete and Iberian isolates for P. icarus, Balearics-Sardinia and Sicily-Lipari for P. celina. This study shows that a combined genetic-morphometric approach can shed light on cryptic diversity while providing the necessary resolution to reconstruct a fine-scale phylogeographical history of species at both spatial and temporal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dincă
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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DAPPORTO LEONARDO. Satyrinae butterflies from Sardinia and Corsica show a kaleidoscopic intraspecific biogeography (Lepidoptera, Nymphlidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Dapporto L. Speciation in Mediterranean refugia and post-glacial expansion ofZerynthia polyxena(Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2009.00550.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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DAPPORTO LEONARDO, BRUSCHINI CLAUDIA, BARACCHI DAVID, CINI ALESSANDRO, GAYUBO SEVERIANOF, GONZÁLEZ JOSÉA, DENNIS ROGERLH. Phylogeography and counter-intuitive inferences in island biogeography: evidence from morphometric markers in the mobile butterfly Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fattorini S. Both Recent and Pleistocene geography determine animal distributional patterns in the Tuscan Archipelago. J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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