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De Luca DA, Maianski Z, Averbukh M. A study of skin disease spectrum occurring in Angola phototype V-VI population in Luanda. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:849-855. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Recurrent and disseminated pityriasis versicolor: A novel clinical form consequent to Malassezia-host interaction? Med Hypotheses 2017; 109:139-144. [PMID: 29150273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial fungal infection caused by Malassezia spp. The aim of this study is to propose the definition of a new clinical entity: the recurrent and disseminated pityriasis versicolor (RDPV). All patients with RDPV were enrolled over an eight-month period. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained, Malassezia (M.) species were isolated in cultures and identified by phenotypic and molecular characterization, skin biopsies were taken from active lesions, serum levels of immunoglobulin E were obtained and therapeutic schemes were evaluated. A total of 16 patients were included (11 male, 5 female). The most frequently isolated species were M. japonica (n = 3) and M. furfur (n = 3). This is the first study that isolates M. japonica in patients with pityriasis versicolor; interestingly, those were recalcitrant patients. Seven patients (43.8%) had no cure with any of the proposed treatments; among those, 5 (71.4%) had increased serum IgE levels. The most effective treatment was itraconazole 200 mg daily for 28 days. The RDPV has very different features from the classic form, including a poor response to treatment, and the isolation of different Malassezia species; therefore, we propose a hypothesis for the definition of a new clinical condition (RDPV), which could be a result of the interaction Malassezia-host.
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Yahya H. Knowledge, perception, and practice of patients about pityriasis versicolor in Kaduna, North Central Nigeria. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:1169-1174. [PMID: 28561308 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a common fungal infection of the skin affecting up to 50% of the population in the tropics, little is known about what patients know, believe, or feel about the condition. METHODS In a cross-sectional questionnaire study of 608 consecutive patients attending the General Outpatient Department and Skin Clinic of a public hospital in Kaduna, Nigeria, self-report of PV, knowledge about its causes, treatments used by patients, and perception and feelings about the condition were assessed. RESULTS Overall 608 patients were studied (239/594 [40.2%] males, 355/594 [59.8%] females, age 11-49 years, mean ± SD age of 29.3 ± 10.1). Lifetime self-report prevalence of PV was 271/606 (44.7%) (males: 117/239 [50.0%] females: 148/355 [41.7%] P = 0.09). Three hundred and twenty-seven of 608 (53.8%) patients believed PV was transmitted from another person while 204/608 (33.6%) believed the condition was caused by poor personal hygiene. One hundred and thirty of 608 (21.4%) thought PV was caused by fungi living on the skin. Virtually all respondents who had PV had used at least one preparation with more than half visiting a healthcare facility. A total of 305/608 (50.2%), 189/608 (31.1%), and 142/608 (23.4%) respondents reported feeling or likely feeling uncomfortable, embarrassed, or ashamed, respectively, about PV. Being considered a dirty person (45.6%) and being avoided by other people (28%) were common concerns of respondents. CONCLUSION Most patients did not know what caused PV, and many were uncomfortable, embarrassed, and ashamed, and feared being considered dirty and avoided by others.
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Bamford JTM, Flores-Genuino RNS, Ray S, Bigby M, Morales M, Arkoncel M, Realubit-Serrano MAC. Interventions for the treatment of pityriasis versicolor. Hippokratia 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rowena Natividad S Flores-Genuino
- Makati Medical Center; Department of Dermatology; Rm 149, Makati Medical Center 2 Amorsolo St Makati City Philippines 1200
- University of the Philippines Manila; Department of Anatomy, UP College of Medicine; Manila Philippines
- Manila Doctors Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Dermatology; Manila Philippines
| | - Sujoy Ray
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University; Manipal Karnataka India 576104
| | - Michael Bigby
- Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Dermatology; 330 Brookline Avenue Suite 315 Boston Massachusetts USA 02215
| | - Martha Morales
- Private practice; Dermatology; Av. Santa Ana No. 242 Col. Ejido de San Francisco Culhuacán México, Distrito Federal Mexico 04420
| | - Miguel Arkoncel
- The University of Nottingham; c/o Cochrane Skin Group; A103, King's Meadow Campus Lenton Lane Nottingham UK NG7 2NR
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Abstract
Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is one of the most common infectious skin diseases, as well as the most common dermatosis associated with pigmentation alterations of the skin. PV is prevalent in 1% of the population living in temperate climate zones and more common during the summer. In tropical areas, PV is found in up to 50% of all patients consulting a dermatologist. Of the known Malassezia species, M. globosa is currently felt to play a key role in the pathogenesis of PV, as it is most commonly found in PV lesions. In addition, its round-shaped cells may contribute to the characteristic histology of the disease ("spaghetti and meatballs"). However, the clinical appearance of PV including hyper- and hypopigmentation, fluorescence of the lesions, as well as a lack of inflammation despite high fungal load cannot fully be explained by the presence of M. globosa, which is also found on healthy skin. In M. furfur a tryptophan-dependent metabolic pathway generates a number of indole pigments, which may be associated with the clinical appearance of PV. In the model organism Ustilago maydis it was shown that the formation of the indole compounds occurs spontaneously after initial conversion of tryptophan into indole pyruvate controlled by the key enzyme aminotransferase Tam 1. We review the present knowledge of PV and highlight the potential role of Tam1 in explaining the poorly understood aspects of the disease. Promising therapeutic results using the application of Tam1 inhibitors to treat PV support the enzyme's important role in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Mayser
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie - Standort Gießen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Gaffkystr. 14, 35385, Gießen, Deutschland.
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Msyamboza KP, Mawaya LR, Kubwalo HW, Ng’oma D, Liabunya M, Manjolo S, Msiska PP, Somba WW. Burden of leprosy in Malawi: community camp-based cross-sectional study. BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS 2012; 12:12. [PMID: 22867526 PMCID: PMC3492035 DOI: 10.1186/1472-698x-12-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Although leprosy was eliminated globally in 2000, the disease continues to be the significant cause of peripheral neuropathy, disability and disfigurement in some developing countries. However, recent population-based prevalence data are lacking to inform evidence-based renewed commitment for the final push for leprosy elimination at national and sub-national levels. METHODS Community camp-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in four selected districts. World Health Organisation guidelines and tools for leprosy elimination monitoring were used to evaluate the Malawi National Leprosy Programme. RESULTS A total of 6,338 people (60% females, 35% children aged less than 15 years) were examined for leprosy and other skin diseases. Prevalence of skin diseases was 18%, the commonest being fungal (9%), eczema/dermatitis (3%) and leprosy (1%). Of the fungal skin conditions, pityriasis versicolor and Tinea capatis were the commonest (22% and 21% respectively) then Tinea corporis (9%), Tinea cruris (6%) and Tinea pedis (2%). A total of 66 leprosy cases were detected out of 6,338 people screened giving a prevalence of 104.1 per 10,000 population (range by district 67.1 to 194.1). Of the leprosy cases, 37 were new, 6 were defaulters and 23 were on treatment, 30 were females and 9 were children aged less than 15 years old. Of the 37 new leprosy cases, 9 (24.3%) were children, 25 (67.6%) had 1-5 leprosy lesions and 8 (21.6%) had grade 2 disability. The most frequent location of leprosy lesions was the head and neck (24.1%), arms (24.1%), chest (17.2%), legs (13.8%), back (13.8%) and abdomen (7.0%). Between 2006 and 2011, trends of leprosy prevalence and detection increased, prevalence/detection ratios were over 1 and cure rates by cohort analysis of 2009 multibacillary and 2010 paucibacillary cases were 33% and 63% respectively far below the expected 80% although the national prevalence remained at less than 1 case per 10,000 population. CONCLUSION Leprosy was still an important public health problem in Malawi. Improving knowledge and skills of health workers, registration and recording of data, contact tracing, decentralisation and integration of treatment to health centres and introduction of leprosy awareness days and community-based surveillance could help to improve early detection, treatment, case holding and prevention of disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelias P Msyamboza
- World Health Organisation, Malawi Country Office, Lilongwe, Malawi
- World Health Organisation, Malawi Country Office, ADL House, 2nd Floor, City Centre, P.O. Box 30390, Lilongwe, 3, Malawi
| | | | - Hudson W Kubwalo
- World Health Organisation, Malawi Country Office, Lilongwe, Malawi
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Morais PMD, Cunha MDGS, Frota MZM. Clinical aspects of patients with pityriasis versicolor seen at a referral center for tropical dermatology in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. An Bras Dermatol 2011; 85:797-803. [PMID: 21308302 DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a chronic superficial mycosis caused by yeasts of the Malassezia spp. genus commensal of the keratinized layers of the skin. Under conditions not yet understood, it becomes pathogenic determining the clinical manifestations of the disease. It is a recurrent skin condition and persistent hypopigmentation may remain after treatment, causing social problems to those affected. OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of patients diagnosed with tinea versicolor treated at a referral center for dermatology (Alfredo da Matta Foundation). METHODS Case-studies in which cutaneous manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with tinea versicolor treated at Alfredo da Matta Foundation were detailed. RESULTS One hundred and sixteen patients were included in the study from January to August 2008. Most subjects were male, of mixed ethnicity and young age. Most were students who were predisposed to the development of macules. The majority had extensive injuries and past history of the disease. CONCLUSION The results revealed a high proportion of individuals with extensive clinical manifestations and duration of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shahid
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital & Fatima Jinnah Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Z Ihsan
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital & Fatima Jinnah Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Medical Division, Pfizer Laboratories Limited, Karachi, Pakistan
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Pantazidou A, Tebruegge M. Recurrent tinea versicolor: treatment with itraconazole or fluconazole? Arch Dis Child 2007; 92:1040-2. [PMID: 17954488 PMCID: PMC2083600 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2007.124958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ingordo V, Naldi L, Colecchia B, Licci N. Prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in young Italian sailors. Br J Dermatol 2004; 149:1270-2. [PMID: 14674907 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2003.05549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial fungal disease with a world-wide distribution, but there are few available studies on its prevalence in the general population. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in a representative sample of young Italian sailors, evaluating the influence of habits and risk factors in the affected individuals. METHODS Young cadets (n = 1024: 975 men and 49 women, mean age 22 years) of the Italian Navy Petty Officers' School in Taranto were consecutively examined by the same observer. The diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor was based on clinical picture and/or Wood's lamp examination. All the subjects filled in a questionnaire about sport practice, swimming pool attendance, marching, presence of hyperhidrosis and a positive clinical history of pityriasis versicolor in the past. The affected individuals were also asked if they were aware of their skin lesions. Differences between answers of affected and unaffected subjects were tested by Fisher's exact P-value test, and odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in 22 subjects (2.1%), all men, of whom 15 (68%) were not aware of their condition. No statistical association was found between active pityriasis versicolor and sport practice, swimming pool attendance, marching or presence of hyperhidrosis. A significant association [odds ratio 8.7 (95% confidence interval 3.3-21.5); Fisher's exact P-value test P < 0.01] was documented between active pityriasis versicolor and a previous clinical history of pityriasis versicolor. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in this sample of young Italian sailors was not high, in agreement with the available surveys performed in the general population in temperate climates. Many affected subjects were not aware of their condition. The only important factor associated with pityriasis versicolor was a previous history of pityriasis versicolor. This observation could confirm the hypothesis that constitutional factors, e.g. seborrhoea and chemical constitution of sebum, may play a crucial role in temperate climates, leading to relapsing forms of this superficial mycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ingordo
- Department of Dermatology, Italian Navy Main Hospital M.O. Giulio Venticinque, Via Blandamura 31/c, 74100 Taranto, Italy.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Few epidemiological surveys have been carried out to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in the population of Egypt, particularly "Upper Egypt". So it is a pressing necessity to conduct such a study in rural Assiut. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of various skin diseases in rural Assiut. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional community-based survey was followed. The survey included 8008 rural inhabitants of all ages and both sexes from a representative of three villages of Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. The data were collected through personal interview and examination at homes from December 1994 to December 1996. RESULTS They showed that 6961 (86.93%) of the studied population had one or more skin diseases. The group with parasitic skin infestations had the highest prevalence rate (27.40%) of the total sample, of which pediculosis capitis (19.37%) was the commonest. Eczema/dermatitis group had a rate of 19.82%, with pityriasis alba forming the majority (13.49%). Pigmentary disorders were 17.68%, followed by fungal skin infections (16.17%), then naevoid disorders (16.10%), hair and scalp disorders (12.07%), bacterial skin infections (10.10%), sweat gland disorders (6.16%), acne vulgaris (5.37%). Leprosy constituted 1.6/10,000. Other various skin disorders were recorded. CONCLUSIONS Infective-parasitic diseases were a major problem particularly among the younger age-group and those of low socio-economic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Abdel-Hafez
- Departments of Dermatology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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