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Lim HJ, Lee S, Park W, Park E, Yoo JG. Mineral patterns in hair: A decisive factor between reproducible and repeat breeder dairy cows. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301362. [PMID: 38564515 PMCID: PMC10986949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproduction, especially impregnation, is a critical aspect of dairy cow management that directly influences herd milk productivity. We conducted a noninvasive hair mineral assay to compare the mineral profiles of two dairy cow groups: reproducible and repeat breeder, by investigating the levels of 11 essential minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cr, Se, and P) and 6 toxic elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Al, As, and Ni) in both groups. We also conducted principal component and correlation matrix analyses to compare hair mineral patterns between the groups. Compared to their reproducible counterparts, repeat breeder cows had lower levels of Na, K, and Se. However, Fe, Cd, Al, and As levels were higher in repeat breeders than in their reproducible counterparts. The correlation matrix showed notable correlation patterns for each group. Ca, K, and Na levels were positively correlated in reproducible cows, whereas repeat breeder cows showed positive correlations only between Ca and K levels. Se showed positive correlations with Zn only in the reproducible cow group. Negative correlations were not found in the reproducible group, whereas the repeat breeder group exhibited 7 negative correlations. Despite the limitations of hair mineral analysis, this study provided useful insights into the reproductive potential of dairy cows. These findings aid in easing the prediction of repeat breeder occurrences in herds and are expected to facilitate timely mineral supplementation and other interventions to improve overall herd reproduction in dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Joo Lim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheoul Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungwoo Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Yoo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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2
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Salman A, Fernández-Alegre E, Francisco-Vázquez R, Domínguez JC, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Caamaño JN, Martínez-Pastor F, Gómez-Martín R, Fernández-Fernández A, Areán-Dablanca H. Pre-freezing selection of Holstein bull semen with the BoviPure colloid as double- or single-layer centrifugation improves the post-thawing quality. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 258:107344. [PMID: 37837771 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) is critical for breeding in the dairy industry. High-merit bulls can present low freezability, hampering genetic dissemination. Thawed semen can be improved using density gradient centrifugation (DGC) with colloids, but little information deals with the pre-freezing application. Thus, the BoviPure colloid (optimized for bull spermatozoa) was tested for pre-freezing application as the usual double-layer (DLC) versus single-layer (SLC, quick and economical). Semen from twelve Holstein-Friesian bulls was extended with OPTIXcell extender, frozen (Control), or processed by SLC or DLC and frozen. Sperm were assessed pre-freezing for motility and viability and post-thawing (directly and after 4 h 38 °C) for apoptosis, capacitation status, acrosomal damage, mitochondrial activity, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and chromatin status (SCSA for DNA fragmentation and chromatin compaction and monobromobimane, mBBr, for disulfide bridges evaluation). The DGC improved parameters post-thawing (e.g., 57.5%±10.1 motility vs. control 53.3% ± 11.2) at the cost of sperm loss (sperm recovery of DGC 14.4% ± 2.5 and SLC 17.4% ± 2.5). DNA fragmentation (%DFI) decreased (0.21% ± 0.53 vs. control 1.30% ± 0.10), and SLC reduced chromatin compaction. A clustering procedure separated lesser (LF) and greater freezability (GF) bulls. LF samples were especially benefited by DGC, with SLC providing better post-thawing results for this group. In conclusion, pre-freezing DGC improved sperm parameters post-thawing, potentially improving the cryopreservation of low-freezability semen from high-merit bulls. SLC, quicker and economical, would be preferable since it showed similar or higher performance than DLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan C Domínguez
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Veterinary Anatomy, Universidad de León, Spain
| | | | - J Néstor Caamaño
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), Gijon, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - Felipe Martínez-Pastor
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, León, Spain; Department of Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), Universidad de León, León, Spain.
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3
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Gosálvez J, Bartolomé-Nebreda J, Tvrdá E, López-Fernández C, Fernández JL, Johnston S. Bacterial DNase activity as a putative inductor of sperm DNA fragmentation in infected bull frozen-thawed semen samples. Theriogenology 2023; 197:224-231. [PMID: 36525861 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between DNase activity associated with bacterial contamination of incubated bovine frozen-thawed spermatozoa and elevated sperm DNA fragmentation. Electrophoresis analysis of plasmid PBR322 incubated for 30 min at 37 °C with the supernatant of the diluent of frozen-thawed centrifuged bovine semen straws infected with bacteria showed clear evidence of DNase activity when compared to plasmid incubated in similarly prepared non-infected bovine diluent supernatant (Experiment 1). This DNase activity was subsequently found to be time dependent (0-60 min) and its activity prevented in the presence of EDTA (10 and 20 mM; Experiment 2). Semen straws infected (n = 10) and not infected (n = 10) with bacteria where incubated at 37 °C for up to 48h post-thaw. Semen infected with bacteria showed an exponential increase in bacterial growth and a corresponding increase in sperm DNA fragmentation. Non-infected semen samples showed no change in the incidence of sperm DNA fragmentation over the same period of incubation (Experiment 3). Our experiments reinforce the idea that exogenous DNases present in the semen should be considered as one of the primary contributing causes of sperm DNA fragmentation post ejaculation. In the case of the bull, post-thaw incubation of commercial straws contaminated with bacteria, resulted in increased levels of sperm DNA fragmentation, most likely associated with DNase activity (potentially restriction endonucleases) derived from the bacteria. Such adverse changes in sperm DNA fragmentation, as described here in vitro, may be also operative after insemination in the female reproductive tract (in vivo) and highlight the importance of implementing high levels of hygiene practice during semen processing, especially in light of future trends of bacterial resistance to the common antibiotics used in semen diluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Gosálvez
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, Universidad, Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Bartolomé-Nebreda
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, Universidad, Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Halotech DNA, PCM Parque Científico de Madrid, C/ Faraday, 7. Planta 1. Oficina 1.08. Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Tvrdá
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, 94976, Slovakia
| | - Carmen López-Fernández
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, Universidad, Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luís Fernández
- Molecular Genetics and Radiobiology Laboratory, Centro Oncológico de Galicia, 15009, A Coruña, Spain; Genetics Unit, INIBIC-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Spain
| | - Stephen Johnston
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia.
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Domain G, Ali Hassan H, Wydooghe E, Bogado Pascottini O, Johannisson A, Morrell JM, Niżański W, Van Soom A. Influence of Single Layer Centrifugation with Canicoll on Semen Freezability in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060714. [PMID: 35327111 PMCID: PMC8944562 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Freezing dog semen is not always possible due to low quality sperm or poor survival during freezing. In order to make this assisted reproductive technique available to a larger number of dogs, this study investigated the benefit of selecting the best spermatozoa before freezing using single layer centrifugation (SLC). The results indicated that this technique was effective in separating spermatozoa according to their quality, although this resulted in losing some good quality spermatozoa. After thawing, spermatozoa centrifuged by SLC were of better quality than after standard centrifugation. However, spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen did not survive freezing as well as spermatozoa from semen of optimal quality, even after SLC. Single layer centrifugation, therefore, makes it possible to obtain better quality spermatozoa after thawing but is not sufficient on its own to improve the inferior freezing ability of spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen. So far, eighteen pups were born after insemination with SLC-selected frozen-thawed semen, proving that these selected spermatozoa remain fertile. Abstract This study evaluated how semen selection by single layer centrifugation (SLC) with Canicoll affects semen freezability in dogs. A total of eighteen ejaculates, collected from dogs with optimal and suboptimal semen quality (optimal: normal morphology (NM) ≥ 80%, n = 9; suboptimal: NM between 60 and 79%, n = 9), were divided into two aliquots and subjected to standard centrifugation or SLC before cryopreservation. Motility, NM, membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and DNA integrity were improved in fresh samples after SLC, regardless of semen quality, but at the expense of some good quality spermatozoa. After thawing, NM and membrane integrity were improved in SLC-selected semen in both semen qualities. Interestingly, MMP was also higher but only in optimal quality semen. Still, spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen did not survive freezing to the same extent as spermatozoa from optimal quality semen, even after selecting superior spermatozoa. Semen selection with Canicoll is, therefore, an effective technique to isolate a subpopulation of high-quality spermatozoa and obtain sperm samples of better quality after thawing, but is not sufficient to improve the intrinsic inferior freezability of suboptimal quality semen. So far, eighteen pups were born after insemination with SLC-selected frozen-thawed semen, proving that these selected spermatozoa remain fertile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Domain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hiba Ali Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Eline Wydooghe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
- Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 756-51 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.J.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Jane M. Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 756-51 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.J.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, University of Environmental Science, Grundwaldzki Square 49, 50-357 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
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5
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Kumaresan G, Gangwar C, Mishra AK, Kumar A, Kharche SD, Singh NP, Pachoori A. Occurrence, molecular characterization and antimicrobial-resistance pattern of Staphylococcus species isolates from buck semen. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:135. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Ghoneim IM, Al-Mubarak AH, Fayez MM, Waheed MM, El-Bahr SM. Impact of antibiotics on spermatozoa quality and bacterial load of chilled-stored camels (Camelus dromedarius) semen. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 54:21. [PMID: 34936039 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-03002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different antibiotics in tris-fructose egg yolk-based diluent on bacterial load and sperm quality of dromedary camels during processing and cold storage. Ten semen ejaculates were collected from five male dromedary camels. Each sample was fractioned into four equally divided aliquots and diluted in one of four tris-fructose egg yolk. The first extender contained no antibiotic (NC). The second extender included streptomycin sulphate (1000 μg/ml) and benzyl penicillin (1000 IU/ml) (SP). The third extender was supplied with 250 μg/ml gentamicin sulphate (Gent). The fourth extender contained 500 μg/ml gentamicin sulphate,100 μg/ml tylosin tartrate, 300 μg/ml lincomycin hydrochloride and 600 μg/ml spectinomycin hydrochloride (GTLS). After dilution, the extended semen samples were cooled to 5 °C within 2 h and finally stored at 5 °C for 72 h. Microbial concentration, motility of spermatozoa, live spermatozoa, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentages were evaluated just after dilution at 35 °C, 0, 24, 48 and 72 h from the start of cooling to 5 °C. The results revealed that the diluent containing gentamicin had significantly (P<0.05) maximum motility percentage at the different examination intervals. The pattern of live spermatozoa percentage was varied between the different treatments at different examination intervals. The diluent supplied with Gent was distinguished with a significant peak percentage (P<0.05) of swelled spermatozoa among the other antibiotics supplied diluents. The number of colony-forming units isolated from the semen samples kept in diluent containing no antibiotics was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that isolated from the diluents supplemented with antibiotics. In conclusion, the semen diluents fortified with gentamicin generally keep the motility, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity and live spermatozoa for 72-h preservation of dromedary semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Ghoneim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. 400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Al-Hufof, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12515, Egypt
| | - A H Al-Mubarak
- Ministry of Agriculture, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Fayez
- Ministry of Agriculture, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Waheed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. 400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Al-Hufof, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12515, Egypt.
| | - S M El-Bahr
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology (Biochemistry), College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. 400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Al-Hufof, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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7
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Panda P, Tiwari R, Joshi P, Singh A, Dutt T. Adoption of scientifically recommended artificial insemination practices by paravets: a depiction of current scenario of four states in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:490. [PMID: 34596769 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was done to assess the different practices followed by the AI technicians (paravets) while performing artificial insemination (AI). A total of 160 paravets were selected for the study having equal representation from 4 different states of India (Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana, and Odisha). Questionnaire and telephonic survey were used for collecting data. Several practices followed by paravets were assessed under three sub-groups, viz., practices followed prior to, during, and post-artificial insemination. In as many as seven practices, viz., gathering pre-AI information, storage of semen straw, time of performing AI, thawing container, wiping of semen straw, cutting of semen straw, and record keeping, the adoption gap was found to be nil. Maximum adoption gap (30.60%) was seen in "adopting basic sanitary measures," whereas about 13% of adoption gap was found in the case of "monitoring of heat post calving" followed by "checking of heat prior to AI" (8.00%). Hence, along with provision of necessary measures for water bath, apron, and gumboots by State Department of Animal Husbandry (SDAH), the paravets should be made aware about the importance of basic sanitary measures. Crystoscope availability should also be ensured as it is easy to use by paravets and farmers for heat detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratikshya Panda
- Division of Extension Education, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Rupasi Tiwari
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Pragya Joshi
- Khalsa College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | | | - Triveni Dutt
- ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India, 243122
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8
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Pérez-Atehortúa M, Galuppo A, Rodrigues RB, Teixeira NDS, de Freitas TR, França TDS, Marques LS, Gomes IC, Streit DP. Sperm selection of cryopreserved milt of catfish ( Rhamdia quelen) by density gradient centrifugation with AllGrad® 90. MethodsX 2021; 8:101422. [PMID: 34430317 PMCID: PMC8374529 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Density gradient centrifugation is a technique used to wash or separate samples of cryopreserved milt, mainly in humans and bovines allowing, for example, reducing the concentration of cryoprotectants or choosing the best portion of sperm. The proposed method seeks to reduce the presence of cryoprotectant in the cryopreserved milt of the Rhamdia qhelen and to obtain a fraction of better quality sperm. Gradient centrifugation was formed from 90% AllGrad® and different centrifugation times and forces were compared. The separated sperm presented a low increase in motility and decreased head damage and presence of gout, however, it was better compared to the non-separated samples. The speed of 1000 × g for 10 min, 4 °C, allowed 22.25 ± 4.64% of normal spermatozoa, that is, 9.25% more than the non-centrifuged milt (p = 0.0013).The centrifugation method allows a fraction of spermatozoa morphologically less affected by cryopreservation. Density gradient centrifugation with AllGrad® 90% is proposed as a tool of easy adaptation and application for the separation of cryopreserved sperm of R. quelen. Density gradient centrifugation method at 1000 × g for 10 min allows obtaining a better fraction of normal sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza Pérez-Atehortúa
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea Galuppo
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Batista Rodrigues
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Dos Santos Teixeira
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thaiza Rodrigues de Freitas
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thales de Souza França
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lis Santos Marques
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Itamar Cossina Gomes
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danilo Pedro Streit
- Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, 7712, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Umair M, Henning H, Stout TAE, Claes A. A Modified Flotation Density Gradient Centrifugation Technique Improves the Semen Quality of Stallions with a High DNA Fragmentation Index. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1973. [PMID: 34359101 PMCID: PMC8300244 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA fragmentation compromises fertilization and early embryo development. Since spermatozoa lack the machinery to repair DNA damage, to improve the likelihood of establishing a healthy pregnancy, it is preferable to process ejaculates of stallions with a high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) before artificial insemination or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The aim of this study was to examine a modified flotation density gradient centrifugation (DGC) technique in which semen was diluted with a colloid solution (Opti-prepTM) to increase its density prior to layering between colloid layers of lower and higher density. The optimal Opti-prepTM solution (20-60%) for use as the bottom/cushion layer was first determined, followed by a comparison between a modified sedimentation DGC and the modified flotation DGC technique, using different Opti-prepTM solutions (20%, 25% and 30%) as the top layer. Finally, the most efficient DGC technique was selected to process ejaculates from Friesian stallions (n = 3) with high sperm DFI (>20%). The optimal Opti-prepTM solution for the cushion layer was 40%. The modified sedimentation technique resulted in two different sperm populations, whereas the modified flotation technique yielded three populations. Among the variants tested, the modified flotation DGC using 20% Opti-prepTM as the top layer yielded the best results; the average sperm recovery was 57%; the DFI decreased significantly (from 12% to 4%) and the other sperm quality parameters, including progressive and total motility, percentages of spermatozoa with normal morphology and viable spermatozoa with an intact acrosome, all increased (p < 0.05). In Friesian stallions with high sperm DFI, the modified flotation DGC markedly decreased the DFI (from 31% to 5%) and significantly improved the other semen quality parameters, although sperm recovery was low (approximately 20%). In conclusion, stallion sperm DFI and other sperm quality parameters can be markedly improved using a modified flotation DGC technique employing a 40% Opti-prepTM cushion and a 20% top layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.H.); (T.A.E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Heiko Henning
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.H.); (T.A.E.S.); (A.C.)
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Höltystraße 10, D-31535 Neustadt, Germany
| | - Tom A. E. Stout
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.H.); (T.A.E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Anthony Claes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.H.); (T.A.E.S.); (A.C.)
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10
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Tamanini C. Different approaches for assessing sperm function. Anim Reprod 2020; 16:72-80. [PMID: 33299480 PMCID: PMC7720929 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches can be used to assess sperm function in different conditions, i.e. sperm storage, freezing-thawing or activation by induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. In this review we will focus on the assays routinely performed in our laboratories, giving a literature support to critically analyse different approaches. In fact, researchers usually tend to look for the "one shot" parameter that could explain itself a specific process; it is our conviction that a multiparametric approach is still more valid, as some changes in sperm function are very complex and could be explained only by operating in different ways. Sperm motility, the most evident sperm characteristic, should be assessed by computer-aided sperm analysers that permit an objective evaluation of the motility and its kinematic parameters. Commercial and open source instruments are available and could be profitably used together with specific statistical approaches. The use of microscopy, and particularly fluorescent microscopy, could be a very useful tool to assess different parameters in sperm cells both by fluorophores that give indication of a determined function, and by immunolocalization of proteins, that permits the discover of new features or to explain particular sperm functions. The same substrates could be used also in flow cytometry: the difference is that it permits to study wider sperm populations (and their sub-population distribution). Flow cytometry is undergoing a very wide use in spermatology and technical and experimental rigor is needed to obtain reliable results. Metabolic assessment of sperm features, particularly energetic supply, ATP formation and other enzyme activities, could represent a very important challenge to acquire new information and complete/integrate those derived from other techniques. Finally, functional assays such as oocyte binding and in vitro fertilization, represent a very strong tool to assess sperm function in vitro, as they could evidence the functional intactness of some pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Bacteriospermia and Sperm Quality of Cryopreserved Bull Semen Used in Artificial Insemination of Cows in South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. Vet Med Int 2020; 2020:2098315. [PMID: 32411339 PMCID: PMC7204317 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2098315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this trial were to estimate prevalence of bacteriospermia, to determine the bacterial load, and to isolate the types of bacteria as well as to assess the association between bacterial load and sperm quality traits in cryopreserved bull semen in field conditions in the South Wollo Zone. A total of 309 cryopreserved straws of semen from the Holstein Friesian (HF)-cross bull (n = 180 straws) and pure Jersey bull (n = 129 straws) were investigated. Bacteriological assessments of the presence of aerobic bacteria, estimation of bacterial count and bacterial isolation, as well as semen quality were performed. Aerobic bacterial contamination was prevalent in 38.8% of the semen straws. No significant difference in the prevalence of bacteriospermia was observed among bulls although the HF-cross bull had a higher prevalence (40.0%). But, significant difference in prevalence of bacteriospermia was found among semen ejaculates of the same bull. The risk of bacteriospermia in the HF-cross bull was higher (Odds ratio = 1.86, 95% CI = 0.168–20.26) compared to Jersey although not significant. Overall average bacterial load of 50.38 ± 16.29 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (from nil to 1318.20 CFU/ml) was found. No significant difference in bacterial count among bulls and their ejaculates was observed. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the proportions of motility, live, and normal morphology were negatively influenced by an increase in the bacterial contamination of semen. In this study, three isolates of coagualse-negative Staphylococcus species and one isolate of Corynebacterium species were found. Average percentages of sperm motility (48.35 ± 1.23), live (66.08 ± 1.0), and normal morphology (80.62 ± 1.24) were observed. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not guarantee the quality of semen from bacterial contamination. Hence, meticulous care should be adopted to prevent contamination of semen by bacteria during collection, transportation, processing, and storage times.
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12
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Ishaq R, Ansari MS, Rakha BA, Qadeer S, Akhter S. Evaluation of Enrofloxacin for Use in Cryopreservation of Zebu Bull (Bos indicus) Semen. Biopreserv Biobank 2019; 17:546-552. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2018.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Razia Ishaq
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad S. Ansari
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra A. Rakha
- Department of Wildlife Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Qadeer
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Jauharabad Campus, Khushab, Pakistan
| | - Shamim Akhter
- Department of Zoology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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13
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Semen analysis and sperm characteristics of Karan Fries cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 212:106250. [PMID: 31864497 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Karan Fries is an Indian composite breed of cattle with superior milk production with a greater disease resistance than many other cattle. Understanding of the basic sperm and semen characteristics is necessary to develop the artificial insemination and sperm sexing methods. This study was conducted to evaluate the morphological, rheological and biochemical characteristics of Karan Fries (Indian composite breed) bull semen. Semen analysis was conducted using Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) and rheological methods. Results from correlation assessments indicated there was a positive correlation among values for sperm velocity variables. Motility of bull sperm movements in a linear path were the important variables evaluated in this study. There was also characterization of the individual spermatozoa using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The sperm head length and width were 8.8 ± 0.8 and 3.9 ± 0.6 μm, respectively, and the approximate flagellum length was 59.4 ± 4.5 μm. There was a difference in the Raman intensity among the individual spermatozoa. Results of this study could be important in designing and developing methods of artificial insemination, cryopreservation of semen and semen sexing.
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Hosie J, Rowe SM, Morton JM, Tranter WP, Cavalieri J. Use of a sanitary sheath at artificial insemination by nonprofessional technicians does not markedly improve pregnancy rates to artificial insemination in pasture-based dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5588-5598. [PMID: 31005323 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Plastic sanitary sheaths over artificial insemination (AI) guns have been used at the time of AI to improve hygiene at AI and fertility in cattle, but fertility responses have been variable in studies when AI was performed by professional inseminators. The aims of this study were to investigate whether the use of a sanitary sheath at the time of AI carried out by nonprofessional (do-it-yourself, or DIY) inseminators improves pregnancy rates to AI in pasture-based dairy cows and whether effects of sheaths are greater in cows with contaminated vulvas and in cows at increased risk of extended calving to conception intervals. Lactating dairy cows located in 10 pasture-based herds in a subtropical region of northern Australia were inseminated by herd-based DIY inseminators and assigned to be inseminated with (n = 3,655) or without (n = 3,969) a sanitary sheath, with potential effects assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Overall, use of a sheath at the time of AI did not significantly affect pregnancy rates to AI (36.3% for those inseminated without a sheath vs. 36.8% for those inseminated with a sheath; odds ratio: 1.02; 95% confidence interval: 0.92-1.11). Effects of using a sheath on pregnancy rates to AI varied by herd, with lower pregnancy rates with the use of sheaths in 1 herd and some evidence of increases in 3 herds. Unexpectedly, there was evidence that the effect of sheath on pregnancy rates was less positive (or more negative) when the vulva was classified as dirty before any cleaning of the vulva before insemination compared with when the vulva was classified as clean (interaction odds ratio: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56-1.00). Interactions between sheath and other explanatory variables that could affect fertility were not significant; thus, there was no compelling evidence that the effect of using a sheath was modified by any of these variables. We conclude that the use of sheaths during AI of pasture-based dairy cows by DIY inseminators does not, on average, markedly improve pregnancy rates to AI. However, responses may vary between herds, and the response to sheaths may be inferior (i.e., less positive or more negative) when a cow's vulva is contaminated with feces or discharge at the time of AI compared with when the vulva is clean.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hosie
- Tableland Veterinary Service, PO Box 43, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia
| | - S M Rowe
- Tableland Veterinary Service, PO Box 43, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - J M Morton
- Jemora Pty Ltd., PO Box 2277, Geelong Vic 3220, Australia
| | - W P Tranter
- Tableland Veterinary Service, PO Box 43, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - J Cavalieri
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, QLD 4811, Australia.
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15
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Šterbenc N, Morrell JM, Kosec M, Rath D, Klein S, Klinc P. Single layer colloid centrifugation technique improves motility, viability and chromatin integrity of ram spermatozoa after thawing. Cryobiology 2018; 86:77-83. [PMID: 30521802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cell membrane of ram spermatozoa is more sensitive to the freezing process than in other species due to its composition. As a result, the quality and viability of frozen thawed ram spermatozoa are often poor, which together with the specific structure of the ewe's cervix are the main reasons for lower fertility in ewes after intracervical insemination. In the present study we investigated the effects of semen centrifugation through a single layer of a species-specific colloid (Androcoll-O) on post-thaw quality of ram spermatozoa. Motility, viability and morphology were analysed 0, 6, 12 and 24 h after thawing. DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) of the samples was assessed 0 h after thawing, by SCSA™. Membrane and acrosome integrity of spermatozoa were analysed by Sybr-14/PI/PNA test 0 h after thawing. The proportion of motile spermatozoa was significantly higher in SLC - selected samples in comparison to control (not SLC - selected) samples at 0, 6, 12 (P < 0.001) and 24 h (P < 0.05). The proportion of viable spermatozoa was also significantly higher in SLC - selected samples in comparison to control samples at all times (P < 0.001). The proportion of abnormal acrosomes and morphologically abnormal spermatozoa (MAS) were significantly lower in SLC - selected samples compared to control samples at all times (P < 0.001). Analysis of chromatin stability revealed significantly lower %DFI values in SLC - selected samples compared to control samples (P < 0.001). The SYBR-14/PI/PNA test also revealed significantly better values in SLC - selected compared to control samples (P < 0.05). In conclusion, single layer colloid centrifugation significantly improved post-thaw quality and longevity of ram spermatozoa, making it suitable for artificial insemination initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Šterbenc
- Clinic for Reproduction and Large Animals, University of Ljubljana, Vet Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - J M Morrell
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Kosec
- Clinic for Reproduction and Large Animals, University of Ljubljana, Vet Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Rath
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich - Loeffler - Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Neustadt, Germany
| | - S Klein
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich - Loeffler - Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Neustadt, Germany
| | - P Klinc
- Clinic for Reproduction and Large Animals, University of Ljubljana, Vet Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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16
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Missio D, Folchini NP, Leivas FG, Pavin CIIUM, Pinto HF, Cibin FWS, Brum DDS. Reduction in Percoll volume increases recovery rate of sex-sorted semen of bulls without affecting sperm quality and early embryonic development. Anim Reprod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Trasorras VL, Carretero MI, Neild DM, Chaves MG, Giuliano SM, Miragaya MH. Production, Preservation, and Transfer of South American Camelid Embryos. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:190. [PMID: 29181380 PMCID: PMC5693846 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The current review summarizes progress in the field of in vitro and in vivo production of South American Camelid embryos. Both methods require ovarian superstimulation (with FSH and eCG) to obtain multiple ovulations (in vivo embryo production) or to induce follicle growth for oocyte collection (in vitro embryo production). Moreover, superstimulation entails prior administration of hormones that inhibit follicular growth (progesterone, progestagens, and estrogens). Cumulus-oocyte complexes obtained must mature in vivo (buserelin administration) or in vitro to then be subjected to in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. All these techniques also require morphologically normal, motile spermatozoa to achieve fertilization. Methods used to decrease semen viscosity and to select the best spermatozoa (Percoll®; Androcoll-ETM) are described. Additionally, nuclear transfer or cloning has been applied in llamas. Up to now, embryo deep-freezing and vitrification have progressed slowly but are at the height of development. Embryos that are obtained by any of these techniques, either in vivo or in vitro, need to be transferred to synchronized recipient females. The best results are achieved after transfer to the left uterine horn with an ipsilateral ovulation. No live offspring have been obtained after the transfer of cryopreserved embryos. Applying reproductive biotechnologies, such as those described, will permit the expansion of genetically selected animals in the population and also that of wild camelid species, vicunas, and guanacos, whose embryos could then be transferred to the uterus of domestic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L. Trasorras
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Ignacia Carretero
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Deborah M. Neild
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Graciela Chaves
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana M. Giuliano
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Física Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H. Miragaya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), Cátedra de Teriogenología, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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18
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Ferré LB, Chitwood JL, Fresno C, Ortega HH, Kjelland ME, Ross PJ. Effect of different mini-volume colloid centrifugation configurations on flow cytometrically sorted sperm recovery efficiency and quality using a computer-assisted semen analyzer. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:26-33. [PMID: 28891229 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Straws of sex-sorted sperm are usually packaged at a low concentration (e.g., ~2.1 × 106 sperm/ml) and cost significantly more than unsorted conventional semen from the same sire. In order to maximize the efficiency of using sex-sorted sperm under in vitro fertilization conditions, the selection of an appropriate sperm separation technique is essential. In this study, the effect of using different silane-coated silica colloid dilutions and layering configurations during centrifugation of sex-sorted sperm was examined over an extended period of incubation time. Sperm recovery and viability after centrifugation using the colloid separation technique were measured along with several sperm motility parameters using CASA. For this purpose, frozen and thawed sex-sorted sperm samples were centrifuged using mini-volume single-layer (40%, 60% and 80%) and mini-volume two-layer (45%/90%, 40%/80% and 30%/60%) separation configurations using PureSperm® . A single layer of 40% PureSperm® recovered significantly more sex-sorted sperm (78.07% ± 2.28%) followed by a single layer of 80% PureSperm® (68.43% ± 2.33%). The lowest sperm recovery was obtained using a two-layer PureSperm® dilution of 45%/90% (47.57% ± 2.33%). Single-layer centrifugation recovered more sorted sperm (68.67% ± 1.74%) than two layer (53.74% ± 1.74%) (p < .0001). A single layer of 80% PureSperm® exhibited the highest sorted sperm viability (72.01% ± 2.90%) after centrifugation (p < .05). The mini-volume single layer of 80% PureSperm® was determined to be an effective alternative to a two-layer centrifugation configuration for sex-sorted sperm selection. In addition, single-layer colloid dilution of 80% performed either as well as or significantly outperformed the other treatments, as well as the control, with regard to motility (MOT) for all time periods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Ferré
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - J L Chitwood
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Fresno
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), México, México
| | - H H Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral/CONICET, Santa Fe, Esperanza, Argentina
| | - M E Kjelland
- Conservation, Genetics and Biotech, LLC, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - P J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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19
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Ruiz J, Paulo Santayana R, José Mendoza M, Leandra Landeo J, Huamán E, Ticllacuri F, Fidel Mujica L, Silva M, Ratto MH. Effect of oocyte maturation time, sperm selection method and oxygen tension on in vitro embryo development in alpacas. Theriogenology 2017; 95:127-132. [PMID: 28460666 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of in vitro maturation time, sperm selection and oxygen tension on alpaca embryo development. In Experiment I, Cumulus Oocyte- Complexes (COCs) were obtained from abattoir ovaries and in vitro matured in TCM-199 for 24 (n = 217), 28 (215), or 32 h (223) at 38.5 °C, high humidity and 5% CO2 in air. Oocytes from 24 (n = 392), 28 (n = 456) or 32 (n = 368) h groups were in vitro fertilized with epididymal sperm and cultured in SOFaa at 38.5 °C, high humidity and 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2 for 7 days. Embryo development was evaluated on Day 2, 5 and Day 7 of in vitro culture (Day 0 = in vitro fertilization). In Experiment II, a 2 by 2-factorial design was used to determine the effect of sperm selection (Swim-up vs Percoll) and oxygen tension (20% vs 5%) during embryo culture and their interaction on embryo development. COCs were in vitro matured for 32 h at 38.5 °C and 5% CO2 in air and then in vitro inseminated with epididymal sperm processed by swim-up or Percoll. Zygotes were cultured in SOFaa + cumulus cells at 38.5 °C under 20 or 5% of O2 tension and high humidity for 7 days. A total of 235, 235, 253 and 240 oocytes were assigned to: swim-up+20 O2, swim-up+5 O2 or Percoll+20 O2, Percoll+5 O2, groups respectively. The proportion of oocytes reaching MII stage was highest after 32 h of in vitro maturation (P < 0.05). Blastocyst rate (29.1 ± 2.7%) was also highest for COCs matured for 32 h (Exp I). In Experiment II, Blastocysts rate (26.03 ± 4.7; 27.7 ± 4.3; 29.7 ± 3.8 and 27.6 ± 4.2% for swim-up+20 O2, swim-up+5 O2 or Percoll+20 O2, Percoll+5 O2, respectively) was not affected by sperm selection method (P = 0.8), oxygen tension (P = 0.9) or their interaction (P = 0.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ruiz
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - R Paulo Santayana
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - M José Mendoza
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - J Leandra Landeo
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Elizabeth Huamán
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Flamel Ticllacuri
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - L Fidel Mujica
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - Mauricio Silva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marcelo H Ratto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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20
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Gloria A, Carluccio A, Wegher L, Robbe D, Befacchia G, Contri A. Single and double layer centrifugation improve the quality of cryopreserved bovine sperm from poor quality ejaculates. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:30. [PMID: 27158492 PMCID: PMC4858911 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Density gradient centrifugation was reported as a technique of semen preparation in assisted reproductive techniques in humans and animals. This technique was found to be efficient in improving semen quality after harmful techniques such as cryopreservation. Recently a modified technique, single layer centrifugation, was proposed as a technique providing a large amount of high quality spermatozoa, and this treatment was performed before conservation. Single layer centrifugation has been studied prevalently in stallions and in boars, but limited data were available for bulls. Occasionally bulls are known to experience a transient reduction in semen quality, thus techniques that allow improvement in semen quality could be applied in this context. The aim of this study was the evaluation of single layer and double layer centrifugation by the use of iodixanol, compared with conventional centrifugation and non-centrifuged semen, on the sperm characteristics during the cryopreservation process in bulls with normal and poor semen quality. Results Single layer centrifugation and double layer centrifugation both significantly increased the percentage of normal spermatozoa and decreased the percentage of non-sperm cells in poor quality samples, while both were ineffective in those of normal quality. Sperm characteristics in poor quality samples increased after single layer centrifugation and double layer centrifugation, reaching values similar to those recorded in normal samples, and this trend is maintained after equilibration and after cryopreservation. On the other hand, SLC and DLC resulted in a consistent reduction in the spermatozoa recovered, and this resulted in a reduction of the absolute amount of spermatozoa cryopreserved in the normal samples, without a clear improvement in sperm characteristics in this type of sample. Conclusions These data suggested that both SLC and DLC could be performed in practice, but their application should be limited to the cases in which the quality of the spermatozoa recovered is more important than the total amount of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Gloria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Augusto Carluccio
- Provincial Breeders Federation of Trento, Via delle Bettine 40, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Wegher
- Provincial Breeders Federation of Trento, Via delle Bettine 40, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Domenico Robbe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Befacchia
- Associazione Regionale Allevatori d'Abruzzo (ARA), S.S. 17 Est loc., Onna, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Contri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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21
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Andrabi SMH, Khan LA, Shahab M. Isolation of bacteria in semen and evaluation of antibiotics in extender for cryopreservation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. Andrologia 2016; 48:1166-1174. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. H. Andrabi
- Animal Reproduction Laboratory; Animal Sciences Institute; National Agricultural Research Centre; Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Animal Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - L. A. Khan
- Livestock Research Station; Animal Sciences Institute; National Agricultural Research Centre; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - M. Shahab
- Department of Animal Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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22
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Meena GS, Raina VS, Gupta AK, Mohanty TK, Bhakat M, Abdullah M, Bishist R. Effect of preputial washing on bacterial load and preservability of semen in Murrah buffalo bulls. Vet World 2015; 8:798-803. [PMID: 27065650 PMCID: PMC4825285 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.798-803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the effect of preputial washing on bacterial load, preservability and semen quality in Murrah buffalo bulls Materials and Methods: A total of 36 collections of three Murrah buffalo bulls maintained at Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, were collected at weekly intervals from each bull without preputial washing and latter ejaculates from same bull with preputial washing by infusing normal saline (0.85%), KMnO4 (0.02%) and savlon (2.0%) to first, second and third bull, respectively. The microbial load and semen quality were evaluated during different hours of storage at refrigerated temperature (0, 24 and 48 h) and after thrawing of cryopreserved (at −196°C) semen. Results: The results of preservation of semen at refrigerated temperature showed that bacterial load was markedly lower in ejaculates of bulls subjected to preputial washing. Semen preserved at refrigerator temperature and cryopreserved, the effect of washing solution was significant for individual motility (IM), non-eosiniphilic count, hypo-osmotic swelling reactivity (HOST), total plate count (TPC) and acrosome integrity. KMnO4 was found to be the best in lowering bacterial load, sperm abnormalities and in improving semen quality such as motility, non-eosinophilic count, HOST and acrosome integrity even up to 48 h of preservation and cryopreserved semen. Effect of duration of preservation and stage of cryopreservation was also significant for IM, non-eosiniphilic count, HOST, sperm abnormalities and acrosome integrity. Conclusion: Overall the results suggested that preputial washing with KMnO4 solution improved the semen quality and reduced microbial load of Murrah buffalo bull’s semen preserved at refrigerated temperature and cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Meena
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bundi-323001, Rajasthan, India
| | - V S Raina
- Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - A K Gupta
- Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - T K Mohanty
- Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - M Bhakat
- Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - M Abdullah
- Artificial Breeding Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - R Bishist
- Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sannat C, Nair A, Sahu SB, Sahasrabudhe SA, Kumar A, Gupta AK, Shende RK. Critical sources of bacterial contamination and adoption of standard sanitary protocol during semen collection and processing in Semen Station. Vet World 2015; 8:631-5. [PMID: 27047147 PMCID: PMC4774725 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.631-635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present investigation was conducted to locate the critical sources of bacterial contamination and to evaluate the standard sanitation protocol so as to improve the hygienic conditions during collection, evaluation, and processing of bull semen in the Semen Station. Materials and Methods: The study compared two different hygienic procedures during the collection, evaluation and processing of semen in Central Semen Station, Anjora, Durg. Routinely used materials including artificial vagina (AV) inner liner, cone, semen collection tube, buffer, extender/diluter, straws; and the laboratory environment like processing lab, pass box and laminar air flow (LAF) cabinet of extender preparation lab, processing lab, sealing filling machine, and bacteriological lab were subjected to bacteriological examination in two phases of study using two different sanitary protocols. Bacterial load in above items/environment was measured using standard plate count method and expressed as colony forming unit (CFU). Results: Bacterial load in a laboratory environment and AV equipments during two different sanitary protocol in present investigation differed highly significantly (p<0.001). Potential sources of bacterial contamination during semen collection and processing included laboratory environment like processing lab, pass box, and LAF cabinets; AV equipments, including AV Liner and cone. Bacterial load was reduced highly significantly (p<0.001) in AV liner (from 2.33±0.67 to 0.50±0.52), cone (from 4.16±1.20 to 1.91±0.55), and extender (from 1.33±0.38 to 0) after application of improved practices of packaging, handling, and sterilization in Phase II of study. Glasswares, buffers, and straws showed nil bacterial contamination in both the phases of study. With slight modification in fumigation protocol (formalin @600 ml/1000 ft3), bacterial load was significantly decreased (p<0.001) up to 0-6 CFU in processing lab (from 6.43±1.34 to 2.86±0.59), pass box (from 12.13±2.53 to 3.78±0.79), and nil bacterial load was reported in LAFs. Conclusion: Appropriate and careful management considering critical points step by step starting right from collection of semen to their processing can significantly minimize bacterial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrahas Sannat
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajit Nair
- Central Semen Station, Livestock Development Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - S B Sahu
- Central Semen Station, Livestock Development Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - S A Sahasrabudhe
- Central Semen Station, Livestock Development Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - R K Shende
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
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Heutelbeck A, Oldenhof H, Rohn K, Martinsson G, Morrell JM, Sieme H. Use of density centrifugation for delayed cryopreservation of stallion sperm: perform sperm selection directly after collection or after storage? Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:76-83. [PMID: 25400025 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Equipment for cryopreservation of stallion sperm is not always available. In such cases, diluted semen can be shipped to a facility for later cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate if selection of sperm via density centrifugation yields higher survival rates when cryopreservation is to be delayed (i.e. carried out after 1 day of storage at 5°C). Two-layer iodixanol as well as single-layer Androcoll density centrifugation were tested and compared with samples prepared with standard centrifugation. Special emphasis was placed on comparing centrifugation on the day of semen collection with centrifugation after 1-day refrigerated storage. Sperm morphology and motility as well as membrane and chromatin integrity were evaluated before and after centrifugation. Sperm motility and membrane integrity were also assessed after cryopreservation. It was found that both two- and single-layer density centrifugation processing resulted in higher percentages of morphologically normal and motile sperm with higher membrane and chromatin integrity, as compared to standard centrifugation or diluted samples. Differences were only in the order of magnitude of 5%. Recovery rates after density centrifugation were only approximately 30-40%. When cryopreservation was carried out after 1-day refrigerated storage, centrifugation processing of sperm directly after semen collection resulted in higher percentages of plasma membrane intact sperm post-thaw as compared to performing centrifugation processing of stored sperm just prior to cryopreservation. No significant differences in progressively motile sperm post-thaw were seen. Taken together, for delayed cryopreservation, it is best to perform density centrifugation directly after collection rather than immediately prior to cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heutelbeck
- Clinic for Horses - Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Guimarães T, Lopes G, Pinto M, Silva E, Miranda C, Correia MJ, Damásio L, Thompson G, Rocha A. Colloid centrifugation of fresh stallion semen before cryopreservation decreased microorganism load of frozen-thawed semen without affecting seminal kinetics. Theriogenology 2014; 83:186-91. [PMID: 25287189 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Freezability of equine semen may be influenced by microorganism population of semen. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of single-layer density gradient centrifugation (SLC) of fresh semen before cryopreservation on semen's microbial load (ML) and sperm cells kinetics after freezing-thawing. For that, one ejaculate was collected from 20 healthy stallions and split into control (C) samples (cryopreserved without previous SLC) and SLC samples (subjected to SLC). Semen cryopreservation was performed according to the same protocol in both groups. Microbial load of each microorganism species and total microbial load (TML) expressed in colony-forming units (CFU/mL) as well as frozen-thawed sperm kinetics were assessed in both groups. Additional analysis of the TML was performed, subdividing the frozen-thawed samples in "suitable" (total motility ≥ 30%) and "unsuitable" (total motility < 30%) semen for freezing programs, and comparing the C and SLC groups within these subpopulations. After thawing, SLC samples had less (P < 0.05) TML (88.65 × 10(2) ± 83.8 × 10(2) CFU/mL) than C samples (155.69 × 10(2) ± 48.85 × 10(2) CFU/mL), mainly due to a reduction of Enterococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. A relationship between post-thaw motility and SLC effect on ML was noted, as only in samples with more than 30% total motility was ML reduced (P < 0.05) by SLC (from 51.33 × 10(2) ± 33.26 × 10(2) CFU/mL to 26.68 × 10(2) ± 12.39 × 10(2) CFU/mL in "suitable" frozen-thawed semen vs. 240.90 × 10(2) ± 498.20 × 10(2) to 139.30 × 10(2) ± 290.30 × 10(2) CFU/mL in "unsuitable" frozen-thawed semen). The effect of SLC on kinetics of frozen-thawed sperm cells was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guimarães
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pinto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - E Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Miranda
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - M J Correia
- Fundação Alter Real, Alter do Chão, Portugal
| | - L Damásio
- Private Practitioner, Évora, Portugal
| | - G Thompson
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Gloria A, Contri A, Wegher L, Vignola G, Dellamaria D, Carluccio A. The effects of antibiotic additions to extenders on fresh and frozen-thawed bull semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 150:15-23. [PMID: 25239841 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction in dairy cows is based around the use of cryopreserved semen. Antibiotics are utilized to control bacterial contamination and growth in cryopreserved bull semen. The antibiotic resistance of some bacteria required the evaluation of new antibiotic combinations with a high level of antibacterial effectiveness and a negligible effect on spermatozoa. In this research, we studied the effect of the fluorinate carboxyquinolone ofloxacin and the combination of ceftiofur/tylosin on bull spermatozoa and in-field bacterial growth. In Experiment 1, the toxicity of different levels of ofloxacin and ceftiofur/tylosin was tested by the incubation of bull spermatozoa and the evaluation of sperm kinetic parameters, membranes and acrosome integrity after dilution, and at 60 and 120 min after incubation. The data reported in this study reveals that both antibiotic combinations, at all concentrations, seem to have a negligible effect on spermatozoa with respect to all of the parameters examined (p>0.05). Furthermore, progressive motility was significantly higher for sperm diluted with both antibiotic combinations compared with samples without antibiotics (p<0.01). In Experiment 2, the ability of ofloxacin or ceftiofur/tylosin to control bacterial growth during bovine semen cryopreservation was compared with the combination of gentamicin/tylosin/spectinomycin/lincomycin. A significant reduction in progressive motility was found in cooled semen with respect to all of the antibiotic treatments (p<0.05). However, the membrane integrity was found to significantly rise in frozen samples with, compared to samples without, antibiotics (p<0.05). In a bull, gentamicin, tylosin, spectinomycin, and lincomycin failed to control bacterial growth in the cryopreserved sample, while no such growth was found in samples extended with ceftiofur/tylosin or ofloxacin. In conclusion, both ceftiofur/tylosin and ofloxacin can be safely added to bull seminal extenders, and both can protect insemination doses from bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotic combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Gloria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Contri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Laura Wegher
- Provincial Breeders Federation of Trento, Via delle Bettine 40, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vignola
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Debora Dellamaria
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie SCT 5 Trento, Via Lavisotto 129, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Augusto Carluccio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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The gradient technique improves success rates in intrauterine insemination cycles of unexplained subfertile couples when compared to swim up technique; a prospective randomized study. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1139-45. [PMID: 25026953 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of gradient and swim-up semen preparation techniques on pregnancy rates in couples undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles with low dose gonadotropin stimulation with the diagnosis of unexplained or mild male subfertility. METHODS Two hundred and twenty three couples were randomized into swim up or gradient technique groups for sperm preperation. The clinical and on going pregnancy rates per cycle and per patient were evaluated. RESULTS Both clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle were significantly higher in the "gradient" group (19% and 16.9%) in comparision with the "swim up" group (9.7% and 6.9%) (p < 0.05). Clinical pregnancy and on-going pregnancy rates per patient were higher in the "gradient" group (26.1% and 23.4%) when compared to the "swim up" group (15.2% and 10.7%), (p < 0.05). In the subgroup of 191 unexplained subfertile couples with 290 cycles; the "gradient" group also revealed significantly higher clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle (21.6% and 17.9%) when compared with the "swim up" group (10.3% and 7.1%) (p < 0.05). In total of 48 treatment cycles upon 32 couples with mild male factor subfertility no significant difference were found between the two sperm preparation techniques in terms of clinical (% 5.3 vs %6.9, p > 0.05) and ongoing (% 5.3 vs %6.9, p > 0.05) pregnancy rates per cycle. CONCLUSION The gradient technique significantly improves clinical outcome in IUI cycles of unexplained subfertile couples when compared to swim up technique. In male subfertile patients, both techniques yield similar clinical outcomes.
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Akhter S, Ansari M, Rakha B, Andrabi S, Qadeer S, Iqbal R, Ullah N. Efficiency of ciprofloxacin for bacterial control, post-thaw quality, and in vivo fertility of buffalo spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2013; 80:378-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Qadeer S, Batool A, Mehboob K, Ansari M, Rakha B, Andrabi S, Ullah N, Iqbal R, Akhter S. Comparison of traditional antibiotic streptomycin with neomycin, polymyxin B, or colistin in extender for buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.782866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Morató R, Soares JMDS, Orero G, Mogas T, Miró J. Pre-selection by double layer density gradient centrifugation improves the fertilising capacity of frozen–thawed, capacitated stallion sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 139:62-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Morrell J, Vallorani C, Tamanini C, Guidetti R, Galeati G. Effects of single layer centrifugation with Androcoll-P on boar sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 138:276-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kim S, Agca C, Agca Y. Changes in rat spermatozoa function after cooling, cryopreservation and centrifugation processes. Cryobiology 2012; 65:215-23. [PMID: 22760031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rat sperm cryopreservation is an effective method of archiving valuable strains for biomedical research and handling of rat spermatozoa is very important for successful cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in rat sperm function during cryopreservation and centrifugation. Epididymal rat spermatozoa were subjected to cooling and freezing-thawing processes and then motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were compared before and after minimum centrifugation force (200×g). Cryopreservation decreased sperm motility, PMI, and MMP (P<0.05). Basal (without ROS inducer, tert-butyl hydroperoxide [TBHP] treatment) and stimulated ROS (with TBHP treatment) were increased in viable cooled spermatozoa compared to viable fresh spermatozoa (P<0.01), with equal susceptibility to TBHP among fresh, cooled, and frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Centrifugation decreased motility and PMI of frozen-thawed spermatozoa (P<0.05). Centrifugation decreased basal ROS of all spermatozoa (P<0.01), while it led to higher susceptibility to TBHP in viable cooled spermatozoa, showing higher increased fold in ROS and decreased rate in viability by TBHP in viable cooled spermatozoa (P<0.05). Cooling process was the major step of ROS generation, with loss in sperm motility, PMI, and MMP. Centrifugation affected function of cryopreserved spermatozoa. These data suggest that centrifugation makes rat spermatozoa susceptible to external ROS source, in particular during cooling process. Thus, protection from ROS damage and minimizing centrifugation should be considered during cryopreservation and post-thaw use of cryopreserved epididymal rat spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Stuhtmann G, Oldenhof H, Peters P, Klewitz J, Martinsson G, Sieme H. Iodixanol density gradient centrifugation for selecting stallion sperm for cold storage and cryopreservation. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 133:184-90. [PMID: 22784972 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Density gradient centrifugation can be used for selection of sperm of superior quality and removal of seminal plasma for use in artificial insemination. In this study, the use of two-layer iodixanol density gradient centrifugation was evaluated for processing of stallion semen. The protocol includes centrifugation through a 16% iodixanol top layer of 1.090 g mL(-1) and collection of motile and intact sperm on a 30% iodixanol bottom layer of 1.165 g mL(-1). Sperm recovery and effects on sperm quality were determined during cold storage as well as after cryopreservation and compared with ordinary dilution and centrifugation. Two-layer iodixanol density gradient centrifugation allows for selection of greater percentages of morphologically normal and progressively motile sperm compared to ordinary centrifugation. This likely results from collecting sperm on the bottom layer that functions as cushion fluid, which prevents mechanical forces as occur when sperm are packed in a pellet. In addition, percentages of membrane and chromatin integrity are increased when cells are selected based on their density via centrifugation through the top and bottom layers. Removal of seminal plasma and increased initial percentages of motile and membrane intact sperm after iodixanol density gradient centrifugation also result in greater percentages of progressively motile and membrane intact sperm during cold storage as well as after freezing and thawing. In conclusion, the two-layer iodixanol density gradient centrifugation protocol described in this manuscript allows for selection of stallion sperm with greater survival rates for cold storage and cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Stuhtmann
- Clinic for Horses - Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
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35
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Morrell JM, van Wienen M, Wallgren M. Single Layer Centrifugation Can Be Scaled-Up Further to Process up to 150 mL Semen. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2012; 2011:183412. [PMID: 23738111 PMCID: PMC3658788 DOI: 10.5402/2011/183412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Single-Layer centrifugation has been used to improve the quality of sperm samples in several species. However, where stallion or boar semen is to be used for AI, larger volumes of semen have to be processed than for other species, thus limiting the effectiveness of the original technique. The objective of the present study was to scale up the SLC method for both stallion and boar semen. Stallion semen could be processed in 100 mL glass tubes without a loss of sperm quality, and similarly, boar semen could be processed in 200 mL and 500 mL tubes without losing sperm quality. The results of these preliminary studies are encouraging, and larger trials are underway to evaluate using these methods in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Morrell
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7054, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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Ponthier J, Desvals M, Franck T, de la Rebière G, Spalart M, Palmer E, Serteyn D, Deleuze S. Myeloperoxidase in Equine Semen: Concentration and Localization during Freezing Processing. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Effects of centrifugation through three different discontinuous Percoll gradients on boar sperm function. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 127:62-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Blomqvist G, Persson M, Wallgren M, Wallgren P, Morrell JM. Removal of virus from boar semen spiked with porcine circovirus type 2. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 126:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Morrell JM, Johannisson A, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Effect of Osmolarity and Density of Colloid Formulations on the Outcome of SLC-Selection of Stallion Spermatozoa. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2011; 2011:128984. [PMID: 23738093 PMCID: PMC3658567 DOI: 10.5402/2011/128984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The osmolarity and density of colloids used to prepare spermatozoa for assisted reproduction may affect sperm quality in the resultant preparation. In this study, two osmolarities of Androcoll-E for single-layer or density gradient centrifugation of stallion spermatozoa were compared: “normal” (320 mOsm) or “high” (345 mOsm). Mean yields for the two centrifugation techniques did not differ between treatments or osmolarities (single layer centrifugation: 30.19 ± 16.9 × 106 and 25.8 ± 18.5 × 106 spermatozoa; density gradient centrifugation: 31.84 ± 19.7 × 106 and 26.46 ± 20.0 × 106 spermatozoa respectively for the two osmolarities). However, use of the high osmolarity colloid for single layer centrifugation increased the proportion of morphologically normal spermatozoa (P < .05). Therefore, increasing the osmolarity of the colloid formulation may be beneficial for processing ejaculates containing a high proportion of abnormal spermatozoa by SLC. Reducing the density of the colloid used for the SLC substantially increased the yield of motile spermatozoa compared to the normal density colloid (mean ± SD: 72.6 ± 28.9 × 106 versus 28.9 ± 24.7 × 106), while also prolonging sperm survival by 24 hours compared to the uncentrifuged ejaculate. This increased yield may render Single Layer Centrifugation practical for use in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Morrell
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7054, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Brahem S, Mehdi M, Elghezal H, Saad A. Semen processing by density gradient centrifugation is useful in selecting sperm with higher double-strand DNA integrity. Andrologia 2011; 43:196-202. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Yusuf M, Nakao T, Long ST, Gautam G. Analysis of some factors affecting fertility levels in a high-producing dairy herd in south-western Japan. Anim Sci J 2010; 81:467-74. [PMID: 20662816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to know whether all cows have been showing declining fertility or only a proportion of cows are attributed to the declining fertility, and to describe factors affecting the level of fertility. A total of 131 cows calved from February 2005 to December 2007 in a dairy herd were examined. Fourteen cows were excluded from the study because of early culling. Of the remaining 117 cows, 47 (40%) conceived within 115 days postpartum after 1-3 artificial insemination (AI) (normal fertility cows), 42 (36%) conceived after 115 days postpartum following 1-3 AI or were culled after 1-2 (sub-fertility cows/culled), and 28 (24%) were inseminated more than three times without detectable genital tract abnormalities (repeat breeders). Calving to conception interval in the normal fertility group was 72 + 3 days, while in the sub-fertility/culled and repeat breeding groups the intervals were 170 + 8 and 259 + 16 days, respectively. Endometritis was the risk factor for sub-fertility/culled (odds ratio (OR) = 3.76). Prolonged luteal phase (OR = 4.08), delayed first ovulation (OR = 6.02), and delayed corpus luteum formation after AI (OR = 8.55) were the risk factors for repeat breeding. In conclusion, 60% cows showed reduced fertility in a herd, while the other 40% had normal fertility. Uterine infection and some ovarian disorders contributed to reduced fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Yusuf M, Nakao T, Ranasinghe RBK, Gautam G, Long ST, Yoshida C, Koike K, Hayashi A. Reproductive performance of repeat breeders in dairy herds. Theriogenology 2010; 73:1220-9. [PMID: 20226515 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to characterize repeat breeding in dairy cows, including reproductive performance and risk factors. Data from 613 Holstein Friesian cows in nine dairy herds across Japan were enrolled. A repeat breeder was defined as a cow that did not become pregnant after three inseminations, despite no clinically detectable reproductive disorders. In contrast, cows that became pregnant within three inseminations were considered to have normal fertility. Of the 613 cows, 87.3% eventually became pregnant after repeated AI (maximum calving to conception interval was 435 d). Mean (+/-SEM) first AI conception rate, days in milk at first AI, calving to conception interval and service per conception were 38.3%, 82+/-2 d, 125+/-3 d, and 2.0+/-0.1 times, respectively. Normal fertility cows (n=479) required only 114+/-3 d to conceive and 1.7+/-0.1 inseminations per pregnancy, whereas repeat breeders (n=86) required significantly more days to conceive (211+/-10) and more inseminations per pregnancy (4.7+/-0.2). Based on survival analysis, it took 94 d after calving for 50% of normal fertility cows to become pregnant, compared to 155 d for repeat breeders. For repeat breeders, 31.4, 50.0, and 58.1% became pregnant within 210, 300, and 435 d after calving, respectively. The risk factors for repeat breeding were parity (relative risk [RR]=0.809; P=0.058), resumption of postpartum ovarian cycles (RR=1.928; P=0.009), and days in milk at first AI (RR=0.991; P=0.039). In conclusion, repeat breeder dairy cows had very poor reproductive performance. Lower parity, abnormal resumption of postpartum ovarian cycles, and shorter days in milk at first AI were risk factors for repeat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Morrell JM, Saravia F, VAN Wienen M, Wallgren M, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Selection of boar spermatozoa using centrifugation on a glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane-coated silica colloid. J Reprod Dev 2009; 55:547-52. [PMID: 19571466 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of sperm separation methods such as density gradient centrifugation for selecting the best spermatozoa for animal breeding is constrained by the problem of dealing with the large volumes of ejaculate produced by the males of some species, such as boars. The purpose of this study was to compare density gradient centrifugation (DGC) with centrifugation on a single layer of colloid (SLC) for the preparation of ejaculated boar spermatozoa using Androcoll(TM)-P. There was no difference between the two techniques in terms of sperm motility or duration of motility after selection, and sperm motility was retained for at least 24 h longer in the centrifuged sperm preparations than in controls (uncentrifuged aliquots). Sperm motility was significantly better (P<0.001) in the centrifuged sperm preparations (means +/- sd: SLC 79.6 +/- 8.1% and DGC 74.2 +/- 12.0%) than in the uncentrifuged controls (62.9 +/- 12.7%). The mean yield of motile spermatozoa for SLC was 67.5 +/- 25.6%, and for DGC it was 59.6% +/- 22.3% (not significant, ns). Sperm survival was significantly increased by colloid centrifugation (control 3.1 +/- 0.3 days, SLC 5.5 +/- 0.79 days, DGC 5.75 +/- 0.62 days; P<0.001 for uncentrifuged versus centrifuged; SLC vs. DGC, ns). Moreover, boar spermatozoa could be stored for 24 h before centrifugation without any detrimental effect on sperm motility or duration of motility. In a further experiment, larger volumes of ejaculate were processed easily on a modified SLC, indicating that this method may be practical for processing large volumes of boar ejaculates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Morrell
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences -SLU, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Andrabi SMH. Factors Affecting the Quality of Cryopreserved Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bull Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44:552-69. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bussalleu E, Pinart E, Rivera MM, Briz M, Sancho S, Yeste M, Casas I, Fàbrega A, Rigau T, Rodriguez-Gil JE, Bonet S. Effects of Matrix Filtration of Low-Quality Boar Semen Doses on Sperm Quality. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44:499-503. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mahfouz RZ, Sharma RK, Said TM, Erenpreiss J, Agarwal A. Association of sperm apoptosis and DNA ploidy with sperm chromatin quality in human spermatozoa. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:1110-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
Fertility preservation in the male is routinely focused on sperm. In clinical and veterinary settings, cryopreservation of sperm is a widely used tool. However, the goals for male fertility preservation differ between experimental models, maintenance of livestock, conservation of rare species, and fertility protection in men. Therefore very different approaches exist, which are adapted to the specialized needs for each discipline. Novel tools for male fertility preservation are explored targeting immature germ cells in embryonic or immature testes. Many options might be developed to combine germline preservation and generation of sperm ex vivo leading to interesting new perspectives. This review highlights current and future options for male fertility preservation with a special focus on animal models and a consideration of the various disciplines in need of novel tools.
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Filliers M, Rijsselaere T, Bossaert P, De Causmaecker V, Dewulf J, Pope C, Van Soom A. Computer-assisted sperm analysis of fresh epididymal cat spermatozoa and the impact of cool storage (4°C) on sperm quality. Theriogenology 2008; 70:1550-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Huang CW, Huang MC. A Simple and Rapid PCR-Based Method for Ostrich Sexing Using Micro Amounts of DNA. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43:643-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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