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Seyedasgari F, Asadi B, Kim E. Seminal plasma modulates post-thaw longevity and motility of frozen sperm in dromedary camel. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1821-1830. [PMID: 37641835 PMCID: PMC10623026 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of adding seminal plasma to frozen-thawed semen on the quality of sperm and pregnancy following insemination in dromedary camels. METHODS In experiment 1, the frozen-thawed semen from 9 collections (3 bulls) was further diluted with either the base extender or homologous seminal plasma (HSP). In the second experiment, a pooled sample of frozen-thawed semen was diluted with either seminal plasma from another three bulls. Live percentage, total and progressive motility, functional and acrosome integrity, and sperm kinematics were evaluated at 15, 60, and 120 minutes post-thawing and compared to the non-treated control. In experiment 3, frozen semen was used to inseminate camels in the following experimental groups: 1-Single insemination with double dose undiluted frozen semen (n = 9); 2-Re-insemination in 6 hours with undiluted semen (n = 13); 3-Single insemination with HSP treated sperm (n = 14). RESULTS Frozen-thawed sperm diluted in HSP or the non-homologous seminal plasma from Bull C indicated an improvement in all parameters after 1 hour post-thawing incubation (p<0.05). The proportion of total and progressively motile sperm did not drop significantly at 60 minutes post-thawing when diluted with the seminal plasma of Bull C (p>0.05). Double insemination with nontreated sperm and single insemination with HSP-treated sperm resulted in similar pregnancy rates (15.3% vs 21.4%, p>0.05). None of the camels conceived with double-dose single insemination of nontreated sperm. CONCLUSION Seminal plasma improves sperm longevity and motility after thawing in dromedary camel with a significant between-bull variation in effect. Low post-thaw sperm longevity might be the cause behind the low pregnancy rates in frozen semen insemination of dromedary camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Seyedasgari
- Camel Advanced Reproductive Center, Zabeel Office, Government of Dubai, Dubai 5928,
United Arab Emirates
| | - Behnam Asadi
- Camel Advanced Reproductive Center, Zabeel Office, Government of Dubai, Dubai 5928,
United Arab Emirates
| | - Ellen Kim
- Camel Advanced Reproductive Center, Zabeel Office, Government of Dubai, Dubai 5928,
United Arab Emirates
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Monteiro RA, Cunha RM, Guerra MMP, de Almeida VM, Peña-Alfaro CE, Silva SV. Use of equine sperm cryopreservation techniques as a conservation method of donkey germplasm. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 111:103888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kareskoski M, Vakkamäki J, Laukkanen K, Palviainen M, Johannisson A, Katila T. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, semen quality and sperm longevity in fractionated stallion semen. Theriogenology 2021; 164:93-99. [PMID: 33571920 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are gelatinases that take part in several reproductive processes. The aim of this study was to measure levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in fractionated stallion ejaculates, and to evaluate the association between these components and semen quality, and sperm longevity during cooled storage. Semen quality were assessed separately for sperm-rich fractions (HIGH), sperm-poor fractions (LOW), and whole ejaculate samples (WE) from 33 stallions. After cooled storage with SP either present or removed, sperm motility and DFI were determined. The relative activity of the pro-form of MMP-2, active MMP-2 and total MMP-9 were evaluated using gelatin zymography, and all were present in all fractions of the stallion's ejaculate, with higher relative activity of the latent than active forms and the highest relative activity in the HIGH fraction. The relative activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were positively correlated to sperm concentration and total sperm count, but only in the HIGH fraction and not in LOW or WE. The relative activities of MMPs were not related to differences in sperm longevity during cooled storage, measured as sperm motility and DFI. There was a harmful effect of SP on DFI during storage, but this effect was not associated with differences in the relative activities of MMPs. In conclusion, the relative activities of MMPs are not useful as markers for semen quality (other than sperm concentration), or sperm survival during storage in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kareskoski
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, 04920, Saarentaus, Finland.
| | - Johanna Vakkamäki
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, 04920, Saarentaus, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laukkanen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Palviainen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Box 7054, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Terttu Katila
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, 04920, Saarentaus, Finland
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Oliveira SN, Andrade LRP, Silva LFMC, Araujo EAB, Rayashi RM, Segabinazzi LGTM, Alvarenga MA, Dell'Aqua CP, Dell'Aqua JA, Papa FO. Fractionated semen collection as a tool to rescue fertility in stallions with seminal vesiculitis. Theriogenology 2020; 157:110-120. [PMID: 32810788 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatments for seminal vesiculitis have poor outcomes in stallions; thus, the development of alternative strategies is warranted. This study aimed to evaluate fractionated semen collection as a method to restore the fertility of stallions diagnosed with seminal vesiculitis. Eighteen ejaculates from six stallions (three ejaculates/stallion) diagnosed with seminal vesiculitis were harvested in fractions, as follows: Fraction A (FA), the first two jets; Fraction B (FB), the third and fourth jets; and Fraction C (FC), the fifth and remaining jets of the ejaculate. All fractions were subject to standard semen evaluations that were performed in addition to cytology and bacterial aerobic cultures. Fractions were extended and cooled to 5 °C. As a proof of concept, 20 mares (48 estrous cycles, ∼8 cycles/stallion) were bred with 1 billion sperm from FA (cooled at 5 °C for 24 h). In our study, FA had negative bacterial cultures, absent macroscopic or microscopic abnormalities; FB had positive bacterial cultures in two stallions and presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in all samples, but with no macroscopic abnormalities; and FC had positive bacterial cultures, purulent appearance, and the presence of degenerated PMNs, just as noted in the whole semen. Overall, post-cooling sperm motility results were superior (P < 0.05) for FA in comparison with FB and FC. First cycle pregnancy rates using FA varied from 66% to 86%. None of the non-pregnant mares developed endometritis. In conclusion, fractionated semen collection can be used to obtain semen free of contamination and to achieve satisfactory pregnancy rates from stallions with seminal vesiculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidnei N Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Luiz R P Andrade
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luis F M C Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Endrigo A B Araujo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rafaella M Rayashi
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo G T M Segabinazzi
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marco A Alvarenga
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila Pf Dell'Aqua
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose A Dell'Aqua
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Frederico O Papa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
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Centrifugation Force and Time Alter CASA Parameters and Oxidative Status of Cryopreserved Stallion Sperm. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9020022. [PMID: 32012799 PMCID: PMC7168157 DOI: 10.3390/biology9020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Conventional sperm selection techniques used in ARTs rely on centrifugation steps. To date, the different studies reported on the effects of centrifugation on stallion sperm motility provided contrasting results and do not include effects on mitochondrial functionality and different oxidative parameters. The effects of different centrifugation protocols (300 ×g for 5', 300 ×g for 10', 1500 ×g for 5' and 1500 ×g for 10' vs no centrifugation) on motility and oxidative status in cryopreserved stallion sperm, were analyzed. After centrifugation, almost all motility parameters were significantly altered, as observed by computer-assisted sperm analysis. A polarographic assay of oxygen consumption showed a progressive decrease in mitochondria respiration from the gentlest to the strongest protocol. By laser scanning confocal microscopy, significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, at any tested protocol, and time-dependent effects, at the same centrifugal force, were found. Increased DNA fragmentation index at any tested protocol and time-dependent effects at the same centrifugal force were found, whereas increased protein carbonylation was observed only at the strongest centrifugal force. These results provide more comprehensive understandings on centrifugation-induced effects on cryopreserved stallion sperm and suggest that, even at a weak force for a short time, centrifugation impairs different aspects of equine sperm metabolism and functionality.
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Papas M, Catalán J, Fernandez-Fuertes B, Arroyo L, Bassols A, Miró J, Yeste M. Specific Activity of Superoxide Dismutase in Stallion Seminal Plasma Is Related to Sperm Cryotolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E539. [PMID: 31717586 PMCID: PMC6912747 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While the removal of seminal plasma is a routine practice prior to equine sperm cryopreservation, this fluid contains the main source of antioxidant enzymes able to scavenge these reactive oxygen species. Therefore, stallion seminal plasma components may have an impact on ejaculate freezability. Against this background, this study was designed to investigate whether the activities of the main stallion seminal plasma antioxidant enzymes are related to sperm cryotolerance. With this purpose, 16 ejaculates were collected from 14 healthy stallions, and each ejaculate was split into two aliquots. The first one was used to evaluate the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GSR) in seminal plasma. The second aliquot was extended and then processed for cryopreservation. Sperm motility and viability were evaluated before and after cryopreservation, and ejaculates were classified as of good (GFE) or poor freezability (PFE) based on total motile and viable spermatozoa at post-thaw. We observed that, while the specific activities of CAT, GPX, and GSR were similar between GFE and PFE, that of SOD was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in GFE than in PFE. We can thus conclude that, in stallions, the specific activity of SOD in the seminal plasma of a given ejaculate might be related to its freezability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Papas
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.P.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaime Catalán
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.P.); (J.C.)
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Laura Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bassols
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Jordi Miró
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.P.); (J.C.)
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain;
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Álvarez C, González N, Luño V, Gil L. Ejaculated compared with epididymal stallion sperm vitrification. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 211:106205. [PMID: 31785641 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of trehalose and lactose extenders on ejaculated and epididymal stallion sperm vitrification. Ejaculated semen samples were collected from seven fertile stallions, and cauda epididymis samples were collected from ten stallion carcasses after slaughter. Both the ejaculated and the epididymis samples were diluted and vitrified using INRA 96® and bovine serum albumin as well as trehalose or lactose. As a control, ejaculated and epididymal samples were collected and frozen using the conventional method. Vitrification was performed by immersing sperm suspensions directly in LN2. After thawing or devitrification, there was assessment of samples for sperm motility using computer-assisted analysis. Viability was assessed using SYBR-14 and propidium iodide (PI) and acrosome integrity by fluorescein using isothiocyanate combined with peanut agglutinin (FITC-PNA) and PI. Epididymal sperm vitrification with trehalose (EPT) or lactose (EPL) resulted in greater progressive sperm motility than sperm of the control sample (EPC). After post-thaw/devitrification of sperm in the EPT group, sperm motility was greater (P<0.001) compared to that using EPL (50.72 ± 5.09% compared with 34.21 ± 3.02%). The results from assessment of ejaculated sperm samples after undergoing the vitrification process indicated cells were less viable (P<0.001) than the control (EJC) sample. In conclusion, vitrification of epididymal stallion sperm using trehalose might be a beneficial alternative for the long-term storage of sperm samples with great economic value. Spermatozoa from vitrified ejaculates of stallions, however, had lesser motility and viability rates than samples subjected to conventional freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Álvarez
- Military Horse Breeding Center in Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - N González
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - V Luño
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - L Gil
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Zaragoza, Spain.
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Neuhauser S, Gösele P, Handler J. Postthaw Addition of Autologous Seminal Plasma Improves Sperm Motion Characteristics in Fair and Poor Freezer Stallions. J Equine Vet Sci 2018; 72:117-123. [PMID: 30929775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During semen processing for cryopreservation, most seminal plasma is usually removed, and components with protective effects on sperm may be missing after thawing and within the female reproductive tract. The present study evaluated the effect of postthaw addition of autologous seminal plasma on motion characteristics of stallion sperm with fair (n = 4) or poor (n = 3) freezability. Therefore, pure seminal plasma (group SP1), seminal plasma combined with fresh semen extender (group SP2), or seminal plasma mixed with freezing extender (group SP3) were used to fill 0.5 mL straws and frozen similar to stallion semen. Postthawing, semen samples (n = 42) were diluted either with semen extender (group FT) or with seminal plasma (n = 126) of groups SP1 to SP3 to 25 × 106 sperm/mL. In fair freezer stallions, total and progressive motilities were higher in group FT than in group SP1 (P < .05), but there was no difference in poor freezing stallions among groups (P > .05). However, comparing individual stallions, positive effects of seminal plasma on total or progressive motility were detected in two stallions. Curvilinear velocity increased in groups SP2 and SP3 in fair freezer stallions and in all groups with seminal plasma compared with group FT in poor freezer stallions (P < .05). Although straightness was higher in groups SP2 and SP3 compared with group FT in fair freezer stallions (P < .05), there was no difference among groups in stallions with poor freezability (P > .05). Average lateral head displacement did not change among groups of fair freezer stallions (P > .05) but was higher in groups SP2 and SP3 than in group FT in poor freezer stallions (P < .05). Beat cross frequency was higher in all groups diluted with seminal plasma postthawing in fair freezer stallions (P < .05), but only in group SP1 than in group FT in poor freezer stallions (P < .05). The addition of autologous seminal plasma to frozen-thawed semen can improve motion characteristics of stallions with fair and poor freezability. This is a valuable additional protocol for laboratories dealing with cryopreservation of stallion semen and for veterinarians working with fair or poor freezer stallions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Neuhauser
- Pferdezentrum Bad Saarow, Equine Reproduction Unit, Freie Universität Berlin, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Patricia Gösele
- Pferdezentrum Bad Saarow, Equine Reproduction Unit, Freie Universität Berlin, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Johannes Handler
- Pferdezentrum Bad Saarow, Equine Reproduction Unit, Freie Universität Berlin, Bad Saarow, Germany.
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Campanholi SP, Monteiro FM, Ribeiro Dias EA, Mercadante MEZ, de Paz CCP, Dell'Aqua Junior JA, Papa FO, Dell'Aqua CDPF, Vantini R, Garcia JM. Effect of seminal plasma removal before cryopreservation of bovine semen obtained by electroejaculation on semen quality and in vitro fertility. Theriogenology 2017; 89:114-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Comparison of the Effect of Heterologous and Homologous Seminal Plasma on Motility and Chromatin Integrity of Stallion Spermatozoa Selected by Single Layer Centrifugation. J Vet Med 2014; 2014:325451. [PMID: 26464926 PMCID: PMC4590871 DOI: 10.1155/2014/325451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect on sperm motility and chromatin integrity of adding homologous or heterologous equine seminal plasma (SP) to fresh stallion spermatozoa selected by single layer centrifugation (SLC) was studied. No statistical difference in mean progressive motility was seen after adding SP at time 0 h, although there were differences for individual stallions. The proportion of spermatozoa with high velocity was increased compared to untreated SLC-selected spermatozoa (P < 0.05), with significant differences between individuals (P < 0.01). When the SLC samples were stored for 24 h before adding SP, a significant increase in mean progressive motility was seen for SLC + homologous SP (P < 0.01) and for SLC + heterologous SP (P < 0.056). Whether homologous SP or heterologous SP had a greater effect on progressive motility depended on the individual. Adding either type of SP caused a significant increase in chromatin damage compared to SLC after storage for 24 h (homologous SP, P < 0.05; heterologous SP, P < 0.01). These preliminary data showed that storage of SLC-spermatozoa mixed with SP should be avoided because of the risk of increased chromatin damage. If SP is to be added to take advantage of a transient increase in progressive motility for a particular individual stallion, different combinations of SP and spermatozoa should be tested first to optimize the effect.
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Morrell J, Georgakas A, Lundeheim N, Nash D, Davies Morel M, Johannisson A. Effect of heterologous and homologous seminal plasma on stallion sperm quality. Theriogenology 2014; 82:176-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Len JA, Beehan DP, Lyle SK, Eilts BE. Cushioned versus noncushioned centrifugation: sperm recovery rate and integrity. Theriogenology 2013; 80:648-53. [PMID: 23849256 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It was hypothesized that optimal sperm recovery rate (RR) without damage to the sperm would be obtained after centrifugation without a cushion solution. Semen collected three times from six light breed stallions was extended to 25 × 10(6) sperm/mL and centrifuged at CON (noncentrifuged), 900NC (no-cushion), 900C (cushion), 1800NC, and 1800C × g for 10 minutes. Sperm concentration, motility (TM and PM), and intact plasma membranes (PLM) and acrosomes (ACR) pre- and postcentrifugation (D0) and after 24 hours (D1) of cooling were evaluated. The RR in the CON (100 ± 0.0), 900NC (93.7 ± 2.9), and 1800NC (96.7 ± 2.6) groups was significantly higher than the 900C (68.7 ± 4.6) and 1800C (79.6 ± 3.5) groups. The D0 TM and PM were not different between the CON, 900NC, 900C, and 1800C, but were lower for the 1800NC group. The D1 TM and PM of the 900NC (75.2 ± 3.8 and 71.1 ± 4.1) and 900C (76.2 ± 3.7 and 72.4 ± 4.0) groups were significantly higher than the 1800NC (71.7 ± 4.1 and 67.3 ± 4.4) and 1800C (71.6 ± 4.1 and 67.2 ± 4.4) groups, and the CON (66.2 ± 4.5 and 60.0 ± 4.8) group was significantly lower than the other groups. The D1 PLM of the CON, 900NC, 900C, 1800NC, and 1800C groups were not different. The ACR on D1 was significantly lower for the CON (93.0 ± 2.4) group compared with all other groups. Optimal RR preserving sperm integrity was obtained in the 900NC group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Len
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
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Restoration of seminal plasma to stallion spermatozoa selected by colloid centrifugation increases sperm progressive motility but is detrimental to chromatin integrity. Theriogenology 2012; 78:345-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Barrier-Battut I, Bonnet C, Giraudo A, Dubois C, Caillaud M, Vidament M. Removal of Seminal Plasma Enhances Membrane Stability on Fresh and Cooled Stallion Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:64-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kareskoski M, Sankari S, Johannisson A, Kindahl H, Andersson M, Katila T. The Association of the Presence of Seminal Plasma and Its Components with Sperm Longevity in Fractionated Stallion Ejaculates. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:1073-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Gamboa S, Francisco M, Gomes P, Mendes C, Machado-Faria M, Ramalho-Santos J. Level of Glycolyzable Substrates in Stallion Semen: Effect of Ejaculation Frequency on Sperm Survival after Cool Storage during the Nonbreeding Season. J Equine Vet Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Kareskoski AM, Rivera del Alamo MM, Güvenc K, Reilas T, Calvete JJ, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Andersson M, Katila T. Protein Composition of Seminal Plasma in Fractionated Stallion Ejaculates. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:e79-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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de Andrade AFC, Zaffalon FG, Celeghini ECC, Nascimento J, Tarragó OFB, Martins SMMK, Alonso MA, Arruda RP. Addition of Seminal Plasma to Post-thawing Equine Semen: What is the Effect on Sperm Cell Viability? Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 46:682-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kareskoski AM, Reilas T, Sankari S, Andersson M, Güvenc K, Katila T. Alkaline and Acid Phosphatase, β-Glucuronidase and Electrolyte Levels in Fractionated Stallion Ejaculates. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:e369-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01579.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Len J, Jenkins J, Eilts B, Paccamonti D, Lyle S, Hosgood G. Immediate and delayed (after cooling) effects of centrifugation on equine sperm. Theriogenology 2010; 73:225-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kareskoski M, Katila T. Components of stallion seminal plasma and the effects of seminal plasma on sperm longevity. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 107:249-56. [PMID: 18556156 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Seminal plasma is a mixture of secretions produced in the testes, epididymides and accessory sex glands, and ejaculated as several consecutive fluid fractions. The composition of seminal plasma and the effects on sperm longevity vary between fractions and individual stallions. This review focuses on the sequence of ejaculation, constituents of seminal plasma and their potential use as fertility markers as well as the influence of seminal plasma on spermatozoa during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kareskoski
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Production Animal Medicine, Saarentaus, Finland.
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Akcay E, Reilas T, Andersson M, Katila T. Effect of Seminal Plasma Fractions on Stallion Sperm Survival after Cooled Storage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 53:481-5. [PMID: 17054486 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2006.00882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate stallion sperm survival after 24 h of cooled storage in the presence of seminal plasma (SP) derived from the sperm-rich fractions (SRF) or sperm-poor fractions(SPF) of the ejaculate, without SP, or in the presence of SP from other stallions. Ejaculates were collected from four stallions using an automated phantom, which separated the semen into five cups. Centrifuged and washed spermatozoa from cup 2 (SRF) were mixed with skim milk extender to a concentration of 100 x 10(6) sperm/ml and then 1:1 (v/v) with SP from the stallion's own or another stallions' second (SP-SRF) or last cup (SP-SPF). Skim milk extender (K) and skim milk extender supplemented with modified Tyrode's medium (KMT) were used as control treatments. After a 24-h storage period in a transport container, spermatozoa were evaluated for motion characteristics and plasma membrane integrity by calcein acetoxymethyl (AM)/propidium iodide staining. The percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membranes after storage was lower in SP-SRF than in SP-SPF, and the highest in K (P < 0.05). Progressive motility (PMOT) was lower for sperm stored in SP-SRF than for sperm stored in SP-SPF (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in total motility (TMOT). Sperm stored in KMT (P < 0.05) registered the highest TMOT and PMOT percentages. Osmolarity was significantly higher and pH lower in K than in KMT or SP. Treatment with SP-SPF from three stallions benefited the PMOT of sperm from one stallion. These preliminary findings suggest that SP from SRFs may be more harmful during storage than SP from SPFs. Removal of SP improves sperm survival in KMT extender, and exchanging SP between stallions seems to influence sperm survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Akcay
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, 06110 Ankara, Turkey.
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