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Qi S, Xu X, Liu L, Wang G, Bao Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Zhao W, Chen G. The development rule of feathers and application of hair root tissue in sex identification of Yangzhou geese. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103529. [PMID: 38350388 PMCID: PMC10875616 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate gender identification is crucial for the study of bird reproduction and evolution. The current study aimed to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of a noninvasive method for gender identification in Yangzhou geese. In this experiment, 600 goose eggs were collected. Hair root tissues were used for PCR amplification, molecular sequencing, and anal inversion for early sex recognition in goslings. According to the DNA amplification results for the feather pulp tissue of 2-wk-old geese, bands appeared at 436 bp (CHD1-Z) and 330 bp (CHD1-W) upon gel electrophoresis. This method considered the base of goose feathers to accelerate the process of gender recognition. By examining the sex of anatomized poultry for verification, the accuracy rate of PCR gel electrophoresis and molecular sequencing sex identification was 100%, whereas the average accuracy rate of anal inversion was 97.41%. In the comparison of feather growth trends at 0 to 18 wk of age, the feather root weight (FRW), feather root length (FRL), feather branch length (FBL), and feather shaft diameter (FSD) of Yangzhou goose of the same age were not significantly different between males and females (P > 0.05). At 6 wk of age, the FRW, FRL, and FSD in males and FRL in females increased rapidly; their growth increased by 84.43, 67.58, 45.10, and 69.42%, respectively. At 10 wk of age, the male FRL, male FBL, and female FBL increased by 37.31, 34.81, and 21.72, respectively. The Boltzmann model was found to be the best-fitting model for the feathers of male Yangzhou geese. Early sex identification based on feather growth trends between the sexes is not feasible. This study provides a convenient and reliable technical means for early sex identification of waterfowl and serves as an ecological strategy for protecting the reproduction of poultry populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzong Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Linyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Guoyao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China.
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, P. R. China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China
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The Length Polymorphism of the 9th Intron in the Avian CHD1 Gene Allows Sex Determination in Some Species of Palaeognathae. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030507. [PMID: 35328061 PMCID: PMC8954394 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In palaeognathous birds, several PCR-based methods and a range of genes and unknown genomic regions have been studied for the determination of sex. Many of these methods have proven to be unreliable, complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Even the most widely used PCR markers for sex typing in birds, the selected introns of the highly conserved CHD1 gene (primers P2/P8, 1237L/1272H, and 2550F/2718R), have rarely been effective in palaeognathous birds. In this study we used eight species of Palaeognathae to test three PCR markers: CHD1i9 (CHD1 gene intron 9) and NIPBLi16 (NIPBL gene intron 16) that performed properly as Psittaciformes sex differentiation markers, but have not yet been tested in Palaeognathae, as well as the CHD1iA intron (CHD1 gene intron 16), which so far has not been used effectively to sex palaeognathous birds. The results of our research indicate that the CHD1i9 marker effectively differentiates sex in four of the eight species we studied. In Rhea americana, Eudromia elegans, and Tinamus solitarius, the electrophoretic patterns of the amplicons obtained clearly indicate the sex of tested individuals, whereas in Crypturellus tataupa, sexing is possible based on poorly visible female specific bands. Additionally, we present and discuss the results of our in silico investigation on the applicability of CHD1i9 to sex other Palaeognathae that were not tested in this study.
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Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Kafajy FR, Badi MA, AbdulAzeez S, Marimuthu K, Al-Juhaishi HAI, Borgio JF. Highly deleterious variations in COX1, CYTB, SCG5, FK2, PRL and PGF genes are the potential adaptation of the immigrated African ostrich population. Comput Biol Med 2018; 100:17-26. [PMID: 29960146 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Because of variable inconvenient living conditions in some places around the world, it is difficult to collect reliable physiological data for ostriches. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive in silico insight for the nature of polymorphism of important genetic loci that are related to physiological and reproductive traits. Sixty-nine mature ostriches ranging over half of Iraq were screened. Six exonic genetic loci, including cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1), cytochrome b (CYTB), secretogranin V (SCG5), feather keratin 2-like (FK2), prolactin (PRL) and placenta growth factor (PGF) were genotyped by PCR-single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Thirty-six novel SNPs, including seventeen nonsynonymous (ns) SNPs, were observed. Several computational software programs were utilized to assess the extent of the nsSNPs on their corresponding proteins structure, function and stability. The results showed several deleterious functional and stability changes in almost all the proteins studied. The total severity of each missense mutation was evaluated and compared with other nsSNPs accumulatively. It is evident from the extensive cumulative in silico computation that both p.E34D and p.E60K in PGF have the highest deleterious effect. The cumulative predictions from the present study are an impressive guide for the genotypes of African ostriches, which bypassed the expensive protocols for wet laboratory screening, to identify the effects of variants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of its kind on the analyses and prediction outcome of missense mutations in African ostrich populations. The highly deleterious nsSNPs in the placenta growth factor are possible adaptive mutations which might be associated with adaptation in extreme and new environments. The flow and protocol of the computational predictions can be extended for various wild animals to identify the molecular nature of adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Fadhil R Al-Kafajy
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Milad Ali Badi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kasi Marimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.
| | | | - J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Chan KW, Liu PC, Yang WC, Kuo J, Chang CT, Wang CY. A novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach for sex identification of Columbidae birds. Theriogenology 2012; 78:1329-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Martín-Platero AM, Peralta-Sánchez JM, Soler JJ, Martínez-Bueno M. Chelex-based DNA isolation procedure for the identification of microbial communities of eggshell surfaces. Anal Biochem 2010; 397:253-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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