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Krzesiak A, Lavoie JL, Sebille S, Cognard C, Bosquet L, Delpech N. Post-exercise hypotension in male spontaneously hypertensive rats: The issue of calculation method. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15524. [PMID: 36807709 PMCID: PMC9937782 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In spontaneously hypertensive rats, exercise can lead to a post-exercise decrease in blood pressure, named post-exercise hypotension (PEH). This can be following physical training but also after a single bout of mild to moderate exercise when measured with tail-cuff or externalized catheter methods. Our aim was to assess the PEH obtained with different calculation methods and to compare the magnitude of this effect induced by a moderate-intensity continuous exercise or a high-intensity intermittent exercise. Thirteen 16-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats performed two types of aerobic exercise (continuous or intermittent) on a treadmill. Arterial pressure was recorded by telemetry for 24 h which was started 3 h before physical exercise. Based on the literature, PEH was first evaluated with two different baseline values, and then with three different approaches. We observed that the identification of PEH depended on the method used to measure the rest value, and that its amplitude was also influenced by the calculation approach and the type of exercise performed. Hence, the calculation method and the amplitude of the detected PEH can significantly influence their physiological and pathophysiological inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Krzesiak
- Laboratoire MObilité, Vieillissement et Exercice; EA 6314, Faculté des Sciences du SportPoitiersFrance,Laboratoire Signalisation & Transports Ioniques MembranairesERL CNRS/Université de Poitiers no 7368PoitiersFrance
| | - Julie L. Lavoie
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)MontréalCanada,École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physiqueUniversité de MontréalMontréalCanada
| | - Stéphane Sebille
- Laboratoire Signalisation & Transports Ioniques MembranairesERL CNRS/Université de Poitiers no 7368PoitiersFrance
| | - Christian Cognard
- Laboratoire Signalisation & Transports Ioniques MembranairesERL CNRS/Université de Poitiers no 7368PoitiersFrance
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratoire MObilité, Vieillissement et Exercice; EA 6314, Faculté des Sciences du SportPoitiersFrance,École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physiqueUniversité de MontréalMontréalCanada
| | - Nathalie Delpech
- Laboratoire MObilité, Vieillissement et Exercice; EA 6314, Faculté des Sciences du SportPoitiersFrance
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Stavres J, Fischer SM, McDaniel J. Exaggerated post exercise hypotension following concentric but not eccentric resistance exercise: Implications for metabolism. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 19:983-993. [PMID: 30606088 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1564368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Post exercise hypotension (PEH) is primarily attributed to post-exercise vasodilation via central and peripheral mechanisms. However, the specific contribution of metabolic cost during exercise, independent of force production, is less clear. This study aimed to use isolated concentric and eccentric exercise to examine the role of metabolic activity in eliciting PEH, independent of total work. Twelve participants (6 male) completed upper and lower body concentric (CONC), eccentric (ECC), and traditional (TRAD) exercise sessions matched for work (3 × 10 in TRAD and 3 × 20 in CONC and ECC; all at 65% 1RM). Blood pressure was collected at baseline and every 15 min after exercise for 120 min. Brachial blood flow and vascular conductance were also assessed at baseline, immediately after exercise, and every 30 min after exercise. ⩒O2 was lower during ECC compared to CONC and TRAD (-2.7 mL/Kg/min ± 0.4 and -2.2 mL/Kg/min ± 0.4, respectively p < 0.001). CONC augmented the PEH response (Peak ΔMAP -3.3 mmHg ± 0.9 [mean ± SE], p = 0.006) through 75 min of recovery and ECC elicited a post-exercise hypertensive response through 120 min of recovery (Peak ΔMAP +4.5 mmHg ± 0.8, p < 0.001). CONC and TRAD elicited greater increases in brachial blood flow post exercise than ECC (Peak Δ brachial flow +190.4 mL/min ± 32.3, +202.3 mL/min ± 39.2, and 69.6 mL/min ± 19.8, respectively, p ≤ 0.005), while conductance increased immediately post exercise in all conditions and then decreased throughout recovery following ECC (-32.9 mL/min/mmHg ± 9.3, p = 0.005). These data suggest that more metabolically demanding concentric exercise augments PEH compared to work-matched eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Stavres
- a School of Health Sciences, Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA.,b Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Stephen M Fischer
- a School of Health Sciences, Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA
| | - John McDaniel
- a School of Health Sciences, Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA.,c Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center , Cleveland , OH , USA
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Faria TDO, Angeli JK, Mello LGM, Pinto GC, Stefanon I, Vassallo DV, Lizardo JHDF. A Single Resistance Exercise Session Improves Aortic Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2017; 108:228-236. [PMID: 28443955 PMCID: PMC5389872 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise is an important tool for the improvement of endothelial function. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on the endothelial function of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Ten minutes after exercise, the aorta was removed to evaluate the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS1177) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and to generate concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and to phenylephrine (PHE). The PHE protocol was also performed with damaged endothelium and before and after NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and indomethacin administration. The maximal response (Emax) and the sensitivity (EC50) to these drugs were evaluated. RESULTS ACh-induced relaxation increased in the aortic rings of exercised (Ex) rats (Emax= -80 ± 4.6%, p < 0.05) when compared to those of controls (Ct) (Emax = -50 ± 6.8%). The Emax to PHE was decreased following exercise conditions (95 ± 7.9%, p < 0.05) when compared to control conditions (120 ± 4.2%). This response was abolished after L-NAME administration or endothelial damage. In the presence of indomethacin, the aortic rings' reactivity to PHE was decreased in both groups (EC50= Ex -5.9 ± 0.14 vs. Ct -6.6 ± 0.33 log µM, p < 0.05 / Emax = Ex 9.5 ± 2.9 vs. Ct 17 ± 6.2%, p < 0.05). Exercise did not alter the expression of eNOS and iNOS, but increased the level of p-eNOS. CONCLUSION A single resistance exercise session improves endothelial function in hypertensive rats. This response seems to be mediated by increased NO production through eNOS activation.
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Differential Post-Exercise Blood Pressure Responses between Blacks and Caucasians. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153445. [PMID: 27074034 PMCID: PMC4830622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is widely observed in Caucasians (CA) and is associated with histamine receptors 1- and 2- (H1R and H2R) mediated post-exercise vasodilation. However, it appears that blacks (BL) may not exhibit PEH following aerobic exercise. Hence, this study sought to determine the extent to which BL develop PEH, and the contribution of histamine receptors to PEH (or lack thereof) in this population. Forty-nine (22 BL, 27 CA) young and healthy subjects completed the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to take either a combined H1R and H2R antagonist (fexofenadine and ranitidine) or a control placebo. Supine blood pressure (BP), cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance measurements were obtained at baseline, as well as at 30 min, 60 min and 90 min after 45 min of treadmill exercise at 70% heart rate reserve. Exercise increased diastolic BP in young BL but not in CA. Post-exercise diastolic BP was also elevated in BL after exercise with histamine receptor blockade. Moreover, H1R and H2R blockade elicited differential responses in stroke volume between BL and CA at rest, and the difference remained following exercise. Our findings show differential BP responses following exercise in BL and CA, and a potential role of histamine receptors in mediating basal and post-exercise stroke volume in BL. The heightened BP and vascular responses to exercise stimulus is consistent with the greater CVD risk in BL.
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Neves RVP, Souza MK, Passos CS, Bacurau RFP, Simoes HG, Prestes J, Boim MA, Câmara NOS, Franco MDCP, Moraes MR. Resistance Training in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Severe Hypertension. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 106:201-9. [PMID: 26840054 PMCID: PMC4811275 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) has been recommended as a non-pharmacological treatment for moderate hypertension. In spite of the important role of exercise intensity on training prescription, there is still no data regarding the effects of RT intensity on severe hypertension (SH). OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of two RT protocols (vertical ladder climbing), performed at different overloads of maximal weight carried (MWC), on blood pressure (BP) and muscle strength of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with SH. METHODS Fifteen male SHR ENT#091;206 ± 10 mmHg of systolic BP (SBP)ENT#093; and five Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY; 119 ± 10 mmHg of SBP) were divided into 4 groups: sedentary (SED-WKY) and SHR (SED-SHR); RT1-SHR training relative to body weight (~40% of MWC); and RT2-SHR training relative to MWC test (~70% of MWC). Systolic BP and heart rate (HR) were measured weekly using the tail-cuff method. The progression of muscle strength was determined once every fifteen days. The RT consisted of 3 weekly sessions on non-consecutive days for 12-weeks. RESULTS Both RT protocols prevented the increase in SBP (delta - 5 and -7 mmHg, respectively; p > 0.05), whereas SBP of the SED-SHR group increased by 19 mmHg (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in HR only for the RT1 group (p < 0.05). There was a higher increase in strength in the RT2 (140%; p < 0.05) group as compared with RT1 (11%; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that both RT protocols were effective in preventing chronic elevation of SBP in SH. Additionally, a higher RT overload induced a greater increase in muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Kendy Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Clévia Santos Passos
- Divisão de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Herbert Gustavo Simoes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mirian Aparecida Boim
- Divisão de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Pinho Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Rocha Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Yeung PKF, Tinkel J, Seeto D. A Pilot Study to Assess Adenosine 5'-triphosphate Metabolism in Red Blood Cells as a Drug Target for Potential Cardiovascular Protection. Curr Med Chem 2016; 15:224-32. [PMID: 26521884 PMCID: PMC4997928 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x15666151102102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of exercise preconditioning on adenosine 5'triphosphate (ATP) metabolism in red blood cells and cardiovascular protection against injury induced by isoproterenol in vivo. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats (SDR) were each exercised on a treadmill for 15 minutes at 10 m/min and 10% grade (n = 7) (LowEx), or 14 m/min and 22% grade (n = 8) (VigEx). Two hours after the exercise, each rat received a single dose of isoproterenol (30 mg/kg) by subcutaneous (sc) injection. Two separate groups of SDR were used as control: One received no exercise (n = 10) (NoEx) and the other received no exercise and no isoproterenol (n = 11) (NoIso). Serial blood samples were collected over 5 hours for measurement of ATP and its catabolites by a validated HPLC. Hemodynamic recording was collected continuously for the duration of the experiment. Data were analysed using ANOVA and t-tests and difference considered significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS Exercise pre-conditioning (both LowEx and VigEx) reduced mortality after isoproterenol from 50% to < 30% (p > 0.05). It attenuated the rebound in blood pressure significantly (p < 0.05 between NoEx vs VigEx), attenuated the increase of RBC adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) concentrations induced by isoproterenol, and also decreased the breakdown of ATP to AMP in the RBC (p < 0.05 vs NoEx). CONCLUSION Exercise pre-conditioning decreased the blood pressure rebound and also breakdown of ATP in RBC after isoproterenol which may be exploited further as a drug target for cardiovascular protection and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollen K F Yeung
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2.
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Mota MM, Mesquita TRR, Silva TLTBD, Fontes MT, Lauton Santos S, Capettini LDSA, Jesus ICGD, Quintans Júnior LJ, De Angelis K, Wichi RB, Santos MRV. Endothelium adjustments to acute resistance exercise are intensity-dependent in healthy animals. Life Sci 2015; 142:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Maior AS, Simão R, Martins MS, de Salles BF, Willardson JM. Influence of Blood Flow Restriction During Low-Intensity Resistance Exercise on the Postexercise Hypotensive Response. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:2894-9. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fernandes AA, Faria TDO, Ribeiro Júnior RF, Costa GP, Marchezini B, Silveira EA, Angeli JK, Stefanon I, Vassallo DV, Lizardo JH. A single resistance exercise session improves myocardial contractility in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:813-21. [PMID: 26176315 PMCID: PMC4568809 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training evokes myocardial adaptation; however, the effects of a single
resistance exercise session on cardiac performance are poorly understood or
investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a single resistance
exercise session on the myocardial contractility of spontaneously hypertensive rats
(SHRs). Male 3-month-old SHRs were divided into two groups: control (Ct) and exercise
(Ex). Control animals were submitted to sham exercise. Blood pressure was measured in
conscious rats before the exercise session to confirm the presence of arterial
hypertension. Ten minutes after the exercise session, the animals were anesthetized
and killed, and the hearts were removed. Cardiac contractility was evaluated in the
whole heart by the Langendorff technique and by isometric contractions of isolated
left ventricular papillary muscles. SERCA2a, phospholamban (PLB), and phosphorylated
PLB expression were investigated by Western blot. Exercise increased force
development of isolated papillary muscles (Ex=1.0±0.1 g/mg vs
Ct=0.63±0.2 g/mg, P<0.05). Post-rest contraction was greater in the exercised
animals (Ex=4.1±0.4% vs Ct=1.7±0.2%, P<0.05). Papillary muscles
of exercised animals developed greater force under increasing isoproterenol
concentrations (P<0.05). In the isolated heart, exercise increased left
ventricular isovolumetric systolic pressure (LVISP; Δ +39 mmHg; P<0.05) from
baseline conditions. Hearts from the exercised rats presented a greater response to
increasing diastolic pressure. Positive inotropic intervention to calcium and
isoproterenol resulted in greater LVISP in exercised animals (P<0.05). The results
demonstrated that a single resistance exercise session improved myocardial
contractility in SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Fernandes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - T de O Faria
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - R F Ribeiro Júnior
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - G P Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - B Marchezini
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - E A Silveira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - J K Angeli
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - I Stefanon
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - D V Vassallo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, BR
| | - J H Lizardo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, BR
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Lima AHRDA, Forjaz CLDM, Silva GQDM, Lima APA, Lins Filho OL, Cardoso Júnior CG, Ritti-Dias RM. Effect of rest interval on cardiovascular responses after resistance exercise. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742013000200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the acute effect of rest interval length on cardiovascular response after resistance exercise. METHODS: Twenty young eutrophic men (23.9 ± 0.7 years;23.8 ± 0.5 kg/m²) performed two experimental sessions in a random order: resistance exercise with a 30-second (I30) and with a 90-second (I90) rest interval between sets. Both sessions included five exercises with 50% of the one-repetition maximum. Before and 24 hours after the experimental sessions, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and rate-pressure product (RPP) were obtained. RESULTS: The SBP, DBP and RPP responses were similar between the I30 and I90 sessions (p>0.05), while the HR after I30 was significantly higher than after I90 (p<0.01) for the first hour after exercise. The cardiovascular responses during the first 24 hours were similar between both sessions (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Different recovery intervals did not promote post-exercise hypotension, however, a short rest interval increases heart rate for 1 hour after exercise. In addition, within 24 hours of the responses were similar between groups.
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Yeung PKF, Dauphinee J, Marcoux T. Effect of acute exercise on cardiovascular hemodynamic and red blood cell concentrations of purine nucleotides in hypertensive compared with normotensives rats. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 7:63-74. [PMID: 23389678 DOI: 10.1177/1753944712470297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms of exercise-induced health benefits are complex and not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of exercise and hypertension on cardiovascular hemodynamic responses and red blood cell (RBC) concentrations of purine nucleotides using normotensive and hypertensive rat models in vivo. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats (SDRs) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were exercised on a treadmill for 15 min at a speed of 10 m/min and 5% grade. Blood samples were obtained from each rat before, during, and after exercise for measurement of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) concentrations in RBCs by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography assay. They were returned to a restrainer after exercise, and hemodynamic recording collected continuously up to 6 h. Two separate groups (SDRs and SHRs) without exercise were used as controls. Biomarker data were compared between SDRs and SHRs using analysis of variance and t test and difference considered significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS The study has demonstrated for the first time a difference in the postexercise effect between SDRs and SHRs. The 15 min of exercise significantly increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (129 ± 16 to 162 ± 26 mmHg) and heart rate (HR) (416 ± 29 to 491 ± 26 bpm) in SDRs (p < 0.05), but not in SHRs. The postexercise hemodynamic effects were more profound in SHRs. SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) also fell significantly in the control group of SHRs (SBP 184 ± 14 to 152 ± 29 mmHg and DBP 149 ± 9 to 120 ± 14 mmHg, p < 0.05 for both) towards the end of the experiment but not in the SDR group. The RBC concentrations of ATP and GTP increased after exercise in both SDRs and SHRs which were significantly correlated with the postexercise hemodynamic effect (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION SHRs were more tolerant to increases in HR and SBP induced by exercise, and have more profound postexercise hemodynamic effects than SDRs. The hemodynamic effects were linked closely with RBC concentrations of ATP and GTP in both SDRs and SHRs.
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Lima LG, Moriguti JC, Ferriolli E, Lima NKC. Effect of a single session of aerobic walking exercise on arterial pressure in community-living elderly individuals. Hypertens Res 2012; 35:457-62. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Faria TDO, Targueta GP, Angeli JK, Almeida EAS, Stefanon I, Vassallo DV, Lizardo JHDF. Acute resistance exercise reduces blood pressure and vascular reactivity, and increases endothelium-dependent relaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 110:359-66. [PMID: 20499250 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on resting blood pressure (BP) and on endothelial function of vascular bed of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hemodynamic measurements were performed before and after acute dynamic resistance exercise in conscious animals. After exercise, the tail artery was cannulated for mean perfusion pressure with constant flow measurement and for performing concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and dose-response curves to phenylephrine (PHE). PHE protocol was also repeated with damaged endothelium and after L-NAME and indomethacin perfusion on the tail. The maximal response (E(max)) and sensitivity (pD(2)) were evaluated to these drugs. Exercise reduced resting systolic and diastolic BP (Delta -79 +/- 1.8; -23 +/- 2.3 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05). ACh-induced relaxation increased in the exercise group (pD(2) = 9.8 +/- 0.06, P < 0.05) when compared with control rats (pD(2) = 8.7 +/- 0.1). The E(max) to PHE with intact endothelium decreased following exercise condition (439 +/- 18 mmHg, P < 0.05) when compared with control rats (276 +/- 22 mmHg). This response was abolished after L-NAME and indomethacin administration. After damage of the endothelium, PHE responses were not significantly different between the groups; however, E(max) and pD(2) increased when compared with responses obtained with intact endothelium. The results demonstrated that acute dynamic resistance exercise decreased resting BP and reactivity to PHE and increased endothelium-dependent relaxation. Nitric oxide and vasodilators prostanoids appear to be involved in post-exercise endothelial and pressor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís de Oliveira Faria
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
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Lee SK, Kim CS, Kim HS, Cho EJ, Joo HK, Lee JY, Lee EJ, Park JB, Jeon BH. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation contributes to post-exercise hypotension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 382:711-4. [PMID: 19306842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role that endothelial nitric oxide synthase plays in post-exercise hypotension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. To accomplish this, rats were subjected to a single bout of dynamic exercise on a treadmill at 15 m/min for 20 min. L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited post-exercise hypotension (25+/-11 and 5+/-3 mm Hg, respectively; P<0.05). In addition, the superoxide anion generation was decreased, while the plasma nitrite production and serine phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase were significantly elevated in spontaneously hypertensive rats at 30 min after the termination of exercise. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the increased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase plays a crucial role in the reduction of arterial pressure following a single bout of dynamic exercise in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ki Lee
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Research Institutes of Biomedical Science, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-Gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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