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Bu F, Huang S, Yang X, Wei L, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Tian D. Damage-induced NAD release activates intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell via P2X7R signaling. Cell Immunol 2023; 385:104677. [PMID: 36746070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative ileus (POI) is characterized by the activation of inflammation triggered by tissue damage. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) reportedly induce local inflammation after injury. However, the impact of DAMPs on intestinal resident lymphocytes during POI remains poorly elucidated. METHODS POI in mice was induced via intestinal manipulation (IM). The concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) was detected after IM. The gastrointestinal motility of the mice was assessed after IM or NAD injection. Cytokine production and calcium influx in T cells were investigated after NAD stimulation using flow cytometry. RESULTS The concentration of extracellular NAD significantly increased after IM administration, and NAD directly impaired gastrointestinal motility. Intraperitoneal injection of NAD promoted the expression of TNF-α in intestinal CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, but only IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells was significantly promoted by NAD injection. Granzyme B production in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells decreased after administration. Concordantly, the same results were observed in NAD stimulation of intestinal CD3+ T cells in vitro. Blocking the P2X7R-related membrane enzyme ART2.2 significantly diminished the pro-inflammatory effect of NAD. CONCLUSION IM includes the release of NAD derived from damaged tissues, consequently promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production in intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. NAD-induced intestinal T cells activation may be associated with POI progression in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandi Bu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyang Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyang Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Dan Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Postinfectious onset in functional dyspepsia is a risk factor for weight loss. J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:156-163. [PMID: 35092499 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is differentiated into two subgroups: the postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). Acute gastroenteritis and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection have been identified as risk factors for FD. It is unclear how these risk factors relate to Rome IV subgroups and their clinical impact. We aimed to study the association of postinfectious FD (PI-FD) and HP status with clinical profiles and weight loss. METHODS Consecutive FD patients were assessed for symptom frequency and severity. Patients were identified as PDS, EPS or the overlap group according to severity scores. Additionally, PI history and HP status were determined. RESULTS In a cohort of 459 FD-patients, 36% were characterized as having PDS, 9% as having EPS and 55% showed overlap. PI onset and positive HP status were reported by, respectively, 20% and 14% of patients, not significantly differing between subgroups (respectively, p = 0.31 and p = 0.40). Weight loss was reported by 63% in PDS, 36% in EPS and 56% in overlap patients (p = 0.011). Only early satiety severity correlated with more severe weight loss in the PDS (r 0.31, p < 0.0001) and overlap group (r 0.38, p < 0.0001). PI-FD patients were more likely to experience weight loss (OR 2.27, p = 0.0013). HP status was not significantly associated with weight loss (p = 0.90). CONCLUSION In this cohort, PI onset of FD symptoms emerged as a risk factor for weight loss, but was not associated with the symptom patterns of PDS, EPS or overlap subgroups. Patients with HP infection were not more likely to experience important weight loss.
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Circulating Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B and Anti-vinculin Antibodies as Biomarkers in Community and Healthcare Populations With Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020; 10:e00064. [PMID: 31356481 PMCID: PMC6708662 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anti-cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) and anti-vinculin antibodies have been proposed as biomarkers that discriminate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) diarrhea from inflammatory bowel disease; however, it is unknown whether they can also discriminate patients with IBS and IBS subtypes and functional dyspepsia (FD) from healthy individuals in the general population. We aimed to determine whether anti-CdtB and anti-vinculin can discriminate IBS and FD from health and from organic gastrointestinal (GI) disease. METHODS Adults were enrolled from 2 Australian studies: (i) a random, population-based study (n = 331) with subjects diagnosed with IBS (n = 63) or FD (n = 61) by modified Rome III criteria or healthy control subjects (n = 246) who did not meet criteria for IBS and/or FD and (ii) an outpatient-based study with subjects diagnosed with IBS (n = 256) and/or FD (n = 55) or organic GI disease (n = 182) by an independent clinician. Serum levels of anti-CdtB/anti-vinculin antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS There was a significantly higher mean value of anti-CdtB in FD vs healthy controls (mean = 2.46 [SD = 0.72] vs mean = 2.14 [SD = 0.77]; P = 0.005) and IBS/FD overlap vs healthy controls (mean = 2.47 [SD = 0.78] vs mean = 2.14 [SD = 0.77]; P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in anti-CdtB in IBS and FD outpatients or IBS/FD subgroups compared with patients with organic GI disease. In terms of anti-vinculin, there were no significant differences between IBS and FD and healthy controls or between IBS and FD and organic GI disease controls. DISCUSSION We did not confirm that anti-CdtB/anti-vinculin discriminated IBS diarrhea from organic GI disease in Australian subjects. However, we did find higher anti-CdtB in FD and IBS/FD overlap vs healthy controls. Postinfectious FD may be more common than currently recognized.
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Abstract
Gallstone ileus is an unusual complication of cholelithiasis. Classically, a stone is impacted at the terminal ileum originating from a cholecystoduodenal fistula. Exceptions to this pathophysiology have been noted at each step. In this systematic review, we document a comprehensive review of postcholecystectomy gallstone ileus inclusive of 49 separate cases and report 8 different mechanisms leading to this unusual complication. The most common mechanism is a lost stone during cholecystectomy that then erodes through the intestinal wall leading to bowel obstruction. Our review showed an older, female predominance (64.0%) at an average age of 68.0 years, patients typically had a burden of comorbidities. Delay in diagnosis was common (64% of cases) with the correct diagnosis made in 37.5% of patients during admission. Pneumobilia was commonly reported (29.0%). There was a wide range in the amount of time between cholecystectomy and gallstone ileus, from 10 days to 50 years (mean 12.4 years). Postcholecystectomy gallstone ileus is an unusual complication of cholelithiasis, which mandates surgery. Retrieval of stones should be undertaken if they are spilled during cholecystectomy. Owing to the increasing age of the American patient population, it is likely that a higher number of patients with this condition will be encountered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Meier
- 20115 Department of Surgery, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA.,12334 Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Angela A Guzzetta
- 20115 Department of Surgery, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sergio Huerta
- 20115 Department of Surgery, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
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5
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Shi H, Xiong H, Qian W, Lin R. Helicobacter pylori infection progresses proximally associated with pyloric metaplasia in age-dependent tendency: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:158. [PMID: 30373520 PMCID: PMC6206908 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0883-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The elderly population presents higher morbidity of H. pylori associated diseases in proximal stomach. The specific pathogenesis and mechanism have not been clearly addressed. The gastric environment for H. pylori colonization is dynamic with increasing age. The aim of present study is to investigate the correlation among the distribution of H. pylori, mucosal inflammation, gastric microenvironment and age. Methods A total of 180 patients with dyspepsia symptoms were divided into young, middle-aged and elderly groups. Biopsies were obtained from each patient in five locations: great curvature (mid-corpus, mid-antrum), lesser curvature (mid-corpus, mid-antrum) and incisura angularis (IA), analyzed for H. pylori density, mucosal inflammation and histopathology. Results The infection rate of H. pylori increased linearly with age (p < 0.001) in corpus, but not in antrum and IA. The H. pylori density was significantly aggravated in IA (p = 0.002) and corpus (p < 0.001) in elderly patient, but not in antrum. The mucosa inflammation scores were consistent with the severity of H. pylori colonization among three age groups. In elderly patients, the pyloric glands present more frequently in corpus, comparing with young and middle-aged group. A significant positive correlation among aggravating severity of H. pylori infection, mucosal inflammation and pyloric metaplasia in corpus with increasing age (p < 0.001) was occurred. Conclusions With increasing age, both topographic distribution of H. pylori and the expansion of pyloric glands increased in a distal-to-proximal gastric direction. Pyloric metaplasia in corpus was correlated with the risk of aggravated H. pylori colonization and associated inflammation in elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hanhua Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Fan K, Talley NJ. Functional dyspepsia and duodenal eosinophilia: A new model. J Dig Dis 2017; 18:667-677. [PMID: 29083538 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent disorder that affects more than 10% of the population. In the past decade, the theoretical underpinning of the concept of FD has begun to change, in light of new data on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder, with a focus on the duodenum. The Rome IV criteria, published in 2016, note that gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome overlap with FD more than expected by chance, suggesting that they may be part of the same disease spectrum. Infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may explain a minority of cases of FD and in the Rome IV criteria H. pylori-associated dyspepsia (defined as symptom relief after eradication therapy) is considered a separate entity. Duodenal inflammation characterized by increased eosinophils and in some cases mast cells, may impair the intestinal barrier. Post-infectious gastroenteritis is now an established risk factor for FD. Other risk factors may include atopy, owning herbivore pets and exposure to antibiotics, together with gastroduodenal microbiome disturbances. Small bowel homing T cells and increased cytokines in the circulation occur in FD, correlating with slow gastric emptying, and a possible association with autoimmune rheumatological disease supports background immune system activation. A genetic predisposition is possible. FD has been linked to psychological disorders, but in some cases psychological distress may be driven by gut mechanisms. Therapeutic options are limited and, aside from responders to H. pylori eradication, provide only modest and temporary relief. Advances in understanding FD may alter clinical practice, and the treatment of duodenal inflammation or microbiome alterations may lead to a cure for a subset of these patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kening Fan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Carmona-Sánchez R, Gómez-Escudero O, Zavala-Solares M, Bielsa-Fernández M, Coss-Adame E, Hernández-Guerrero A, Huerta-Iga F, Icaza-Chávez M, Lira-Pedrín M, Lizárraga-López J, López-Colombo A, Noble-Lugo A, Pérez-Manauta J, Raña-Garibay R, Remes-Troche J, Tamayo J, Uscanga L, Zamarripa-Dorsey F, Valdovinos Díaz M, Velarde-Ruiz Velasco J. Mexican consensus on dyspepsia. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO (ENGLISH EDITION) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Xu JH, Lai Y, Zhuang LP, Huang CZ, Li CQ, Chen QK, Yu T. Certain Dietary Habits Contribute to the Functional Dyspepsia in South China Rural Area. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:3942-3951. [PMID: 28809820 PMCID: PMC5567766 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) refers to a group of upper gastrointestinal syndromes, subdivided into two types: postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). The etiology of FD remains unclear; however, unhealthy dietary habit is one potential underlying cause. We aim to explore the association of poor dietary habits with FD and its subtypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A validated epidemiological questionnaire was designed to investigate dietary habits and gastrointestinal syndromes. Citizens in the Baotun community of Dongguan were invited to complete the study questionnaire. All participants were asked to undergo a physical examination and a blinded physician interview. The study was conducted from June 2015 to June 2016. FD was diagnosed using ROME III criteria. The association between investigated dietary habits and dyspeptic symptoms were explored. RESULTS There were 1,304 adult residents recruited for the study survey; 165 residents had existing organic dyspepsia (OD), 203 residents were diagnosed with FD, and the other 936 participants, who were without dyspeptic symptoms or functional gastrointestinal diseases, were regarded as the control group. Subtype diagnosis indicated 61 participants had EPS, 66 participants had PDS, and 76 participants had coexisting EPS and PDS. Unhealthy dietary habits were more prevalent in the FD group than in the control groups (75.86% versus 37.50%; p<0.001). FD was found to be associated with irregular mealtime, dining out, fatty food, sweet food, and coffee (p<0.05). The impact of each dietary factor varied with FD subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Certain types of dietary habits were positively correlated with the prevalence of FD. FD subtypes showed relatively different associations with dietary factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Zhuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baotun Community Health Station, Houjie Township, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Can-Ze Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Kui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Corresponding Authors: Tao Yu, e-mail: ; Qikui Chen, e-mail:
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Corresponding Authors: Tao Yu, e-mail: ; Qikui Chen, e-mail:
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9
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Carmona-Sánchez R, Gómez-Escudero O, Zavala-Solares M, Bielsa-Fernández MV, Coss-Adame E, Hernández-Guerrero AI, Huerta-Iga F, Icaza-Chávez ME, Lira-Pedrín MA, Lizárraga-López JA, López-Colombo A, Noble-Lugo A, Pérez-Manauta J, Raña-Garibay RH, Remes-Troche JM, Tamayo JL, Uscanga LF, Zamarripa-Dorsey F, Valdovinos Díaz MA, Velarde-Ruiz Velasco JA. Mexican consensus on dyspepsia. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO 2017; 82:309-327. [PMID: 28413079 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the publication of the 2007 dyspepsia guidelines of the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología, there have been significant advances in the knowledge of this disease. A systematic search of the literature in PubMed (01/2007 to 06/2016) was carried out to review and update the 2007 guidelines and to provide new evidence-based recommendations. All high-quality articles in Spanish and English were included. Statements were formulated and voted upon using the Delphi method. The level of evidence and strength of recommendation of each statement were established according to the GRADE system. Thirty-one statements were formulated, voted upon, and graded. New definition, classification, epidemiology, and pathophysiology data were provided and include the following information: Endoscopy should be carried out in cases of uninvestigated dyspepsia when there are alarm symptoms or no response to treatment. Gastric and duodenal biopsies can confirm Helicobacter pylori infection and rule out celiac disease, respectively. Establishing a strong doctor-patient relationship, as well as dietary and lifestyle changes, are useful initial measures. H2-blockers, proton-pump inhibitors, prokinetics, and antidepressants are effective pharmacologic therapies. H.pylori eradication may be effective in a subgroup of patients. There is no evidence that complementary and alternative therapies are beneficial, with the exception of Iberogast and rikkunshito, nor is there evidence on the usefulness of prebiotics, probiotics, or psychologic therapies. The new consensus statements on dyspepsia provide guidelines based on up-to-date evidence. A discussion, level of evidence, and strength of recommendation are presented for each statement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O Gómez-Escudero
- Clínica de Gastroenterología, Endoscopia Digestiva y Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - M Zavala-Solares
- Unidad de Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Hospital General de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M V Bielsa-Fernández
- Unidad de Pacientes en Estudio, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopán, Jalisco, México
| | - E Coss-Adame
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Laboratorio de Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A I Hernández-Guerrero
- Departamento de Endoscopia, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - F Huerta-Iga
- Servicio de Endoscopia y Fisiología Digestiva, Hospital Ángeles Torreón, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | | | - M A Lira-Pedrín
- Hospital Ángeles Tijuana, Tijuana, Baja California Norte, México
| | - J A Lizárraga-López
- Servicio de Endoscopia, Unidad Médica de Atención Ambulatoria 265, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - A López-Colombo
- Dirección de Educación e Investigación en Salud, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Manuel Ávila Camacho, IMSS, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - A Noble-Lugo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Español de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J Pérez-Manauta
- Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Español de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R H Raña-Garibay
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Español de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J M Remes-Troche
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - J L Tamayo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - L F Uscanga
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - F Zamarripa-Dorsey
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Juárez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M A Valdovinos Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Laboratorio de Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J A Velarde-Ruiz Velasco
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Tsuchiya K. The significance of infectious disease and microbiota in functional gastrointestinal disorders. J Gen Fam Med 2017; 18:27-31. [PMID: 29263985 PMCID: PMC5675145 DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The definition of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) used to be disorders that do not manifest into organic abnormalities. However, it was pointed out that chronic GI dysfunctions can develop following bacterial infections such as acute gastroenteritis and viral infections, and some organic changes in the epithelial cell structure, immunocompetent cells, and inflammatory cytokines were revealed. Recent advancements in analytical methods helped discover changes in the intestinal microbiota of patients with FGID. Correlations between the effects on the enteric environment and clinical conditions and symptoms of FGID are drawing increasing attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
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11
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Tomita T, Kato Y, Takimoto M, Yamasaki T, Kondo T, Kono T, Tozawa K, Yokoyama Y, Ikehara H, Ohda Y, Oshima T, Fukui H, Tanaka S, Shima M, Watari J, Miwa H. Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome-like Symptoms in Japanese Patients with Inactive Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 22:661-669. [PMID: 27193973 PMCID: PMC5056576 DOI: 10.5056/jnm15160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Few studies are available that have investigated the risk factors for overlapping irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms in patients with inactive inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The present study has 3 objectives: (1) to assess the prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in Japanese patients with inactive IBD using Rome III criteria, (2) to examine the relationship of IBS-like symptoms to health related quality of life (HR-QOL), and (3) to investigate associations for developing IBS-like symptoms in patients with inactive IBD. Methods IBS-like symptoms were evaluated using the Rome III questionnaire for functional gastrointestinal disorders. HR-QOL and hospital anxiety and depression scale were evaluated. Results IBS-like symptoms were found in 17.5% (7/40) of patients with inactive ulcerative colitis, 27.1% (29/107) of patients with inactive Crohn’s disease (CD), and 5.3% (23/438) of healthy control subjects. The QOL level was significantly lower and anxiety score was significantly higher in inactive CD patients with IBS-like symptoms than in those without such symptoms (P = 0.003, P = 0.009). Use of anti-anxiety drugs was associated with the presence of IBS symptoms (P = 0.045). HR-QOL score was lower and anxiety score was higher in patients with inactive ulcerative colitis, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in inactive IBD patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls. Inactive CD patients with IBS-like symptoms has low QOL and anxiety; suggesting that anxiety may be associated with symptom development in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Tomita
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yu Kato
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mayu Takimoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kono
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Tozawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yokoyama
- Division of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hisatomo Ikehara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Oshima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Shima
- Department of Public Health, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jiro Watari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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12
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Genetics, Mucosal Inflammation and the Environment in Post-Infectious Chronic Gut Syndromes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/ajgsup.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Paediatric Rome III Criteria-Related Abdominal Pain Is Associated With Helicobacter pylori and Not With Calprotectin. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016; 63:417-22. [PMID: 26913755 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders in children include functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and abdominal migraine. We aimed to evaluate a possible association between functional abdominal pain disorders and Helicobacter pylori infection and faecal calprotectin level. METHODS Prospective observational study including consecutive children with functional gastrointestinal disorders fulfilling Rome III criteria (cases) and age/sex-matched healthy controls. H pylori has been detected by biopsy-based tests and stool-antigen detection, faecal calprotectin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A total of 56 cases (27 with functional dyspepsia) and 56 controls were enrolled. H pylori being detected in 17 of 56 cases (30.4%) and 4 of 56 controls (7.1%, odds ratio: 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8-18.2, P = 0.003). H pylori was detected significantly more frequently in cases with functional dyspepsia (14/27, 51.9% odds ratio: 14.0; 95% CI: 3.9-49.7, P = 0.00001) than in controls and not in cases with other well-recognized functional gastrointestinal complaints (3/29, 10.3%). The median faecal calprotectin level was similar in cases (7.8 μg/g, 95% CI: 7.8-8.4) including those with gastritis, and controls (9.1 μg/g, 95% CI: 7.8-11.3). Gastritis features were more frequent in H pylori-infected and noninfected cases with functional dyspepsia (27/27, 100%) than in cases with other abdominal functional complaints (15/29, 51.7%, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS H pylori gastritis and noninfectious gastritis were associated with functional dyspepsia in children referred for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders while faecal calprotectin is not a predictor of gastritis and is similar in children with functional abdominal pain symptoms and in controls.
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14
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ANDREOLLA HF, BONA LRD, SANDER GB, MAZZOLENI LE, TAVARES RG, PROLLA JC. LACK OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI'S VIRULENCE AND INCREASED SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS IN FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPTIC PATIENTS. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2016; 53:49-54. [PMID: 27281505 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032016000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background Recently, a great variety of studies aimed to investigate and even suggestHelicobacter pylori as an important key factor in gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal events development. The well-established relationship between bacterial virulence and increased risk for peptic ulcer or gastric carcinoma is not so clear when comparing inflammation markers alterations, such C-reactive protein, with the pathogen. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of H. pylori, bacterial virulence and C-reactive protein serum levels in individuals diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. Methods Were prospectively included in this study 489 dyspeptic individuals. They fulfill Rome III clinical criteria for the diagnosis of functional dyspepsia with no organic disease at endoscopy. The bacterial infection was established by histology and urease rapid test. The levels of serum C-reactive protein were obtained by immunonefelometry and CagA status ofH. pylori positive individuals was determined through an imunoenzimatic assay. Results Prevalence rate of H. pylori was 66.3% and virulence factor CagA was detected in nearly 43% of positive samples. In addition, it has been noticed an association between Ilex paraguariensis(yerba maté) consumption and pathogen's prevalence. An important effect of bacterial infection on inflammation was only observed in gastric epithelium. Conclusion No systemic response to the pathogen, measured through C-reactive protein levels, was observed, regardless of CagA status. Otherwise, the intake of yerba maté should be considered as a cultural factor possibly related toH. pylori's transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luiz Edmundo MAZZOLENI
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | | | - João Carlos PROLLA
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brasil
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15
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is responsible for most peptic ulcers, plays a role in functional dyspepsia and is thought by some to influence the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease. This article addresses recent studies that have been published in connection with these diseases. H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer is declining in prevalence but the incidence of perforation and bleeding remains high especially in the elderly. All H. pylori associated peptic ulcers should be treated by eradication of the infection. Dyspepsia is a common disorder that affects up to 25% of the population. About 8% of cases that are infected with H. pylori will respond to treatment of the infection. The association between H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease continues to be debated, a number of studies have shown that there is a negative association between H. pylori infection and Gastroesophageal reflux disease but treatment of H. pylori has not been shown to induce reflux or to affect the response to medication. Gastric atrophy is known to extend when acid suppression is used in infected patients implying that H. pylori treatment should be used in infected patients who are to undergo long-term Proton Pump Inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios S Potamitis
- Potamitis Gastroenterology-Nutrition Center, Apollonion Private Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
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16
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Zullo A, Hassan C, Francesco VD, Repici A, Manta R, Tomao S, Annibale B, Vaira D. Helicobacter pylori and functional dyspepsia: An unsolved issue? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:8957-8963. [PMID: 25083068 PMCID: PMC4112897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may complain of dyspeptic symptoms without presence of macroscopic lesions on gastroduodenal mucosa. Such a condition is usually recognized as functional dyspepsia, and different pathogenetic mechanisms are involved. The role of H. pylori in these patients is controversial. Several trials assessed the potential role of H. pylori eradication in improving dyspeptic symptoms, and data of some meta-analyses demonstrated that cure of infection is associated with a small (10%), but significant therapeutic gain as compared to placebo. The reason for which dyspeptic symptoms regress in some patients following bacterial eradication, but persist in others remains unclear. Regrettably, trials included in the meta-analyses are somewhat different for study design, definition of symptoms, assessment of symptoms changes, and some may be flawed by potential pitfalls. Consequently, the information could be not consistent. We critically reviewed the main available trials, attempting to address future research in this field
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17
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Yap P, Mahadeva S, Goh KL. The influence of cultural habits on the changing pattern of functional dyspepsia. Dig Dis 2014; 32:217-21. [PMID: 24732186 DOI: 10.1159/000357853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dyspepsia is a common gastroenterological problem with an estimated global prevalence between 7 and 40%. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a major economic burden to patients and healthcare systems and significantly affects patient quality of life. The ROME III definition of FD divides it into two subgroups, epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome, the former being more associated with reflux disease and the latter with gastric dysmotility. The global incidence and prevalence of FD continues to rise, but the reason for this is not clear. Rising global obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease rates may be contributing to the rise in FD. Socioeconomic and cultural demographic changes such as changing dietary habits and rapid urbanization, particularly in the developing countries, are likely to be influencing the course of FD and the way it presents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Yap
- Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Walker MM, Aggarwal KR, Shim LS, Bassan M, Kalantar JS, Weltman MD, Jones M, Powell N, Talley NJ. Duodenal eosinophilia and early satiety in functional dyspepsia: confirmation of a positive association in an Australian cohort. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:474-9. [PMID: 24304041 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Functional dyspepsia (FD), defined by unexplained pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen, is common. Diagnosis and treatment of FD based on the symptom-based Rome criteria remains challenging. Recently, eosinophilia in the duodenum has been implicated in the pathophysiology of FD in adults, specifically increased eosinophils in early satiety and postprandial distress, but the association remains controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract pathology, specifically duodenal eosinophilia, in an Australian cohort of patients with FD. METHODS Patients prospectively referred for an upper GI endoscopy (n = 55; mean age, 49.6 years; 61.8% female) were stratified to FD cases (n = 33) and controls (n = 22) using Rome II criteria. All subjects completed a validated bowel symptom questionnaire. The eosinophil count per square millimeter in the duodenal bulb (D1) and second part (D2) was assessed and Helicobacter pylori status determined by gastric histology. Associations with clinical symptoms were assessed. RESULTS Cases and controls were demographically similar. Duodenal eosinophilia was significantly increased in subjects experiencing early satiety (P = 0.01) and postprandial fullness (P = 0.001). This association was seen in D2 but not D1. Abdominal pain was associated with eosinophilia in both D1 (P = 0.02) and D2 (P = 0.005). Smoking was also associated with higher eosinophil counts in D2 (P = 0.007) and symptoms of early satiety (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Duodenal eosinophilia occurs in a subset of FD. The potential role of duodenal eosinophils in FD has implications for diagnosis and therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie M Walker
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Bashashati M, McCallum RW. Neurochemical mechanisms and pharmacologic strategies in managing nausea and vomiting related to cyclic vomiting syndrome and other gastrointestinal disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 722:79-94. [PMID: 24161560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nausea and vomiting are common gastrointestinal complaints which could be triggered by stimuli in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. They may be considered as defense mechanisms when threatening toxins/agents enter the gastrointestinal tract or there is excessive retention of gastrointestinal contents due to obstruction. The pathophysiology of nausea and vomiting is complex and much still remains unknown. Therefore, treatments are restricted or ineffective in many cases. Nausea and vomiting with functional etiologies including cyclic vomiting syndrome are challenging in gastroenterology. In this article, we review potential pathways, neurochemical transmitters, and their receptors which are possibly involved in the pathophysiology of nausea and vomiting including the entity cyclic vomiting syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bashashati
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Richard W McCallum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
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20
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He W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Guo L, Han L, Liu E, Wang T. Zhizhu Decoction Promotes Gastric Emptying and Protects the Gastric Mucosa. J Med Food 2013; 16:306-11. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Erwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
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21
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Tsuchiya K. [Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID): progress in diagnosis and treatments. Topic I. Basic knowledge of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID); 4. The significance of infectious disease and microbiota in FGID]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 102:25-31. [PMID: 23777111 DOI: 10.2169/naika.102.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Advanced Therapeutics for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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22
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Guo WJ, Yao SK, Zhang YL, Yan J, Yin LJ, Li3 HL. Relationship between Symptoms and Gastric Emptying of Solids in Functional Dyspepsia. J Int Med Res 2012. [PMID: 23206454 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Functional dyspepsia is a heterogeneous disorder and different pathophysiological mechanisms underlie its symptom patterns. This study investigated the relationship between dyspepsia symptoms and overall and proximal gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods: A total of 93 patients with functional dyspepsia and 32 healthy subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Prevalence and severity of eight dyspepsia symptoms were recorded. Gastric emptying was measured using single photon emission computed tomography scanning. Results: Overall and proximal gastric emptying were delayed in 47.3% (44/93) and 46.2% (43/93) of the patients, respectively. Logistic regression analyses showed that presence of nausea was associated with delayed proximal gastric emptying (odds ratio 4.951; 95% confidence interval 1.321, 18.558). There were no significant differences between normal and delayed overall gastric emptying according to presence of symptoms. Conclusions: Presence of nausea might indicate delayed gastric emptying of the proximal stomach. Promotion of proximal gastric emptying may constitute an effective therapy for patients with functional dyspepsia who report nausea as the dominant symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-J Guo
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - S-K Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology and 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Y-L Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - J Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology and 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - L-J Yin
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H-L Li3
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Abstract
The incidence of peptic ulcer disease has declined over the last few decades, particularly in Western populations, most likely as a result of the decrease in Helicobacter pylori infection and the widespread use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) in patients with dyspepsia. The hospital admission rate for uncomplicated duodenal and gastric ulcers has significantly decreased worldwide. In contrast, admissions for complicated ulcer disease, such as bleeding peptic ulcers and perforation, remained relatively stable. Prophylactic H. pylori eradication was found to be associated with a reduced risk of both gastric and duodenal ulcers and their complications, including bleeding in chronic users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The recent Helicobacter Eradication Relief of Dyspeptic Symptoms trial presented important data relating to symptoms and quality of life of H. pylori-positive patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and also demonstrated significant benefits from eradication compared with the control group. The new Asian consensus report on FD recommended that dyspepsia accompanied by H. pylori infection should be considered a separate disease entity from FD and that H. pylori infection should be eradicated before diagnosing FD. The association of H. pylori with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is still controversial. Treatment for H. pylori does not seem to increase GERD symptoms or reflux esophagitis. However, documented eradication of H. pylori appears to significantly improve GERD symptoms. Additional long-term intervention studies are needed to provide more information on which to base clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Shmuely
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tiqva, Israel
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24
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Mirbagheri SA, Khajavirad N, Rakhshani N, Ostovaneh MR, Hoseini SME, Hoseini V. Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection and microscopic duodenal histopathological changes on clinical symptoms of patients with functional dyspepsia. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:967-72. [PMID: 22080417 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microscopic histopathological changes in duodenal tissue and its relationship to the severity of symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia while taking the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection into account. METHODS Several gastric and duodenal biopsy specimens were obtained in 217 patients with functional dyspepsia and were evaluated for H. pylori infection and histopathological changes. Severity of symptoms was assessed by Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (LDQ) and its relationship to histopathological changes and H. pylori infection status was assessed. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with presence and severity of microscopic duodenitis (p < 0.001). In H. pylori-infected patients, the presence of microscopic duodenitis was independent of microscopic gastritis (p = 0.74). Severity of dyspepsia symptoms was not higher in H. pylori-infected patients than non-infected patients (p = 0.15), but in the presence of H. pylori infection and microscopic gastritis, microscopic duodenitis significantly worsened the LDQ symptom severity score (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the odds of experiencing severe symptoms in patients with severe microscopic duodenitis was 2.22 times greater than in individuals with very mild, mild, or moderate duodenitis. CONCLUSIONS Microscopic duodenitis in H. pylori-infected patients may play a major role in producing and aggravating symptoms in FD patients and may be a determinant factor to consider in whether to treat H. pylori infection in functional dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amir Mirbagheri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amir-Alam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Sa'adi Street, 13145-784 Tehran, Iran
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25
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Abstract
Research published over the past year has documented the continued decline of Helicobacter pylori-related peptic ulcer disease and increased recognition of non-H. pylori, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ulcer disease--idiopathic ulcers. Despite reduced prevalence of uncomplicated PUD, rates of ulcer complications and associated mortality remain stubbornly high. The role of H. pylori in functional dyspepsia is unclear, with some authors considering H. pylori-associated nonulcer dyspepsia a distinct organic entity. There is increasing acceptance of an inverse relationship between H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but little understanding of how GERD might be more common/severe in H. pylori-negative subjects. Research has focused on factors such as different H. pylori phenotypes, weight gain after H. pylori eradication, and effects on hormones such as ghrelin that control appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alakkari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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