Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the kidney accompanying ipsilateral ureteral transitional cell carcinoma. A case report with cytological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Renal myxoma – a case report of a rare kidney tumor, its differential diagnosis and literature review

Introduction

Myxoma is a rare benign kidney tumor. Only 18 cases have been described in the literature. We report a new case of renal myxoma that arises from the renal parenchyma.

Case presentation

A 56‐year‐old man, medically free, presented complaining of intermittent vague left‐side abdominal pain for 1 year, otherwise no history of gross hematuria or lower urinary tract symptoms. Clinical examination revealed a soft, non‐tender abdomen. All laboratory investigations were within normal. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan with contrast revealed a large mass located in the upper pole of left kidney with the possibility of renal cell carcinoma. A laparoscopic‐assisted left robotic radical nephrectomy was performed. Microscopic examination revealed renal myxoma.

Conclusion

Renal myxoma is a very rare benign kidney tumor with excellent prognosis. Considering its rarity, it is important to recognize this entity to avoid diagnostic errors with other neoplasms with prominent myxoid features.

[Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus]

A 34-year-old male patient with epigastralgia was found to have an esophageal submucosal tumor based on an endoscopic evaluation 6 years previously. Because an unusual appearance composed of a heterogeneous solid area and a cyst area on the endoscopic ultrasonogram and the increased size of the tumor on esophagograms over the past 3 years were suggestive of a malignant character, an operation was thus indicated. The tumor, which measured 3.5 x 2.5 x 2.0 cm in size, was enucleated using videoassisted thoracic surgery and was diagnosed to be a very rare myxoid leiomyosarcoma with a thorough pathologic examination. To our knowledge, this is only the second case of esophageal myxoid leiomyosarcoma reported in the literature. We thus consider this case, which demonstrated an unique appearance on an endoscopic ultrasonogram, to possibly be beneficial to the overall diagnostic analysis of esophageal submucosal tumors.